RU10714U1 - DEVICE FOR PRODUCING FIBER FROM ROCK MELT - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for producing fiber from a rock melt, comprising a housing formed by the end and side walls, a die plate in its bottom with means for its strengthening and current leads connected to the end walls, characterized in that the means for strengthening the die plate is made in the form of a water-cooled support along the central longitudinal axis of the die plate installed with the possibility of interaction with its lower surface, and transverse stiffeners along the length of the die plate, placed perpendicular on its upper surface, in addition, the device is equipped with a heater rigidly fixed on the spinneret plate above the support inside the housing and perforated upper and lower heating screens of different heights above the spinneret plate, while the stiffeners are inseparably connected to the heater and pressed to the spinneret plate with a lower screen, the height of which is 0.2 - 0.5 of the height H of the upper screen, and the holes 1/25 - 1/15 of its length from the ends are reduced by 0.05 - 0.13 mm, and to the center - by 0.16 - 0.25 mm from the diameter of the die, in addition, the side walls enclosure between screens formed with an inner angle to the spinneret plate α = 40 -. 90 degrees, and the width B and the height H of the upper screen are related by B / H = 2.06 - 4,40.2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spinneret plate is made profiled under a water-cooled support, and the lower screen has a rise to the heater at an angle β = 3 - 15 degrees. from the die plate. 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the stiffeners are perforated. 4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heater is perforated. 5. PP device

Description

IPC 6 COS on 37/09

DEVICE FOR OBTAINING FIBER FROM THE MINES OF MOUNTAINS

The utility model relates to devices for the production of fiber from mineral melts, namely: from the melt of rocks.

It is well known that such high-temperature materials, such as rock melts, have specific features - a narrow melting and crystallization interval, a steep viscosity curve depending on temperature, which leads to a narrow range of operating temperatures for fiber production. In addition, the high specific gravity of such a melt leads to a significant weight of the melt in the device and, as a consequence, the deflection in its bottom of the die plate, especially when it is large. This does not allow to provide the necessary thermotechnical characteristics of the device, disrupts the process and reduces the productivity and service life of the device.

One of the trends in the design of devices for producing fiber from a melt of mineral material is aimed at improving the die plate. So, it is known a device for producing fiber from a rock melt — a multi-filler feeder of their heat-resistant alloy, including a housing, a die plate and current leads (AS USSR No. 966049, MKI SOZ V 37/09, pr.30.12.80., Op. 10/15/82, bull. No. 38). The housing of the feeder is made in cross section of the T-shape, which increases the strength of the feeder. Moreover, the diameter of the dies, increasing from the middle of the die field to the current leads, and the step between the dies, is decreasing, which partially contributes to the creation of the necessary thermal characteristics of the die assembly: equal temperature conditions for the dies. This provides the same conditions for their erosion by aggressive melt and ultimately increases the life of the feeder.

However, the known design is designed to achieve these characteristics only on the basis of the prerequisite for supplying a uniform melt to the spinneret plate, the preparation of which is rather difficult for melt rocks. In the design of the vessel, only the shape of the die plate has been improved and it does not have elements that previously influenced the 1st melt entering it.

a vessel for producing fiber from thermoplastic material (AS USSR No. 975612, MKI POP V 37/09, pr. 18.03.81., op. 23.11.82. in Bulletin No. 43), including a housing with current leads, spinneret a plate and a heating element located inside the housing. In addition, the vessel is equipped with stiffeners: the body is made of sections, and stiffeners are located at the junction of the sections. All this allows to a certain extent to achieve mechanical and thermal characteristics, but does not provide long-term suitability for normal operation of the known device.

The location of the heating element does not allow melt temperature control in the immediate vicinity of the fiber production zone — at the spinneret plate, and the stiffeners do not protect it from deflection, which significantly violates the process and does not allow to fully extend the life of the vessel.

Another trend in the design of devices of this type is the creation of spinneret feeders with elements for preliminary uniform distribution of the heavy mass of the molten rock entering the mine, both along the length and width of the spinneret plate.

So, it is known spinneret feeder for producing fiber from inorganic material (AS USSR No. 562518, MKI POPs 37/09, pr. 03.11.75., Op. 25.06.77. In bulletin No. 23), comprising a housing - boat, spinneret plate in its bottom and current leads. The feeder is equipped with a melt distributor in the form of a partition longitudinal to the body, which directs the inorganic melt, for example, heavy rock melt, to the peripheral parts of the vessel. Having circled the distributor, the molten mass then flows to the middle spinnerets and forms a layer of almost the same temperature and mass along the length of the spinneret plate, which allows it to partially eliminate its deflection and to some extent increase the strength of the feeder.

A spinneret feeder similar to the claimed one for producing fiber from rocks is also known, including a housing, a spinneret plate and a melt spreader along the length of the feeder (AS USSR No. 990698, MKI POP B 37/09, pr. 16.06.80., Op. 23.01 .83. In bulletin No. 3). The instability of the process as a result of crystallization of the basalt melt in the dies due to its low thermal conductivity is partially eliminated due to a fairly uniform distribution of the melt along the length of the die plate, and its strength and durability of the vessel are somewhat close to the required characteristics.

sections are heated significantly more than at the periphery along its width. The temperature inhomogeneity over the cross section of the stream of heavy molten rock rocks is enhanced by the temperature inhomogeneity of the die plate itself along its width. The die plate is deformed, while the performance of the fiber production technology is improved, for example, productivity, and the life of the entire device is reduced.

Also known is a multi-filler feeder for the manufacture of continuous fiber from a rock melt (clause of the Russian Federation No. 2087435, IPC SOZV 37/09, avenue 02.11.93., Op. 20.08.97. In the bulletin No. 23), including a housing connected to They are current leads and a die plate with a convex perforated heating screen placed above it. The multidirectional temperature gradients of the melt and the plate along its width make it possible to have a melt uniform in temperature at the exit of the nozzles. At the same time, the creation of one level of heavy melt across the width of the die plate prevents its unwanted deflection during operation of the feeder.

However, a well-known feeder that creates aligned temperature and mass of the melt across the width of the spinneret plate does not provide a technologically fully stable process for producing fiber from a specific melt of rocks. The thermophysical properties of the opaque melt due to the impossibility of heating by radiation are not uniform enough, and its distribution along the length of the feeder is excluded, therefore the device does not achieve high technological parameters, including productivity, has a deformation of the spinneret plate and not a sufficiently high service life.

Also known is a spinneret feeder for producing continuous fiber from inorganic melts (certificate for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 7100, IPC SOZV 37/09, pr. 15.07.97., Op. 16.07.98., Bull. No. 7), which solves the problem of eliminating temperature heterogeneity of the melt throughout the spinneret plate. The device includes a housing, a die plate and a melt distributor in the form of a gable roof, the ridge of which is placed across the die plate, installed in the housing with a slope to the ends of the die plate. This design of the feeder leads to a certain temperature uniformity of the entire spunbond field.

However, even the known device for such a problem melt, such as rock melt, cannot fully ensure the same level of the melt and its uniform temperature throughout the spinneret plate. This leads to its deflection, deterioration of technological

characteristics of the process of fiber formation and reduce the required life of the filament.

The closest to the proposed utility model for the combination of essential features is a device for producing fiber from inorganic melts, including rocks (USSR AS No. 286158, MKI POPs 37/06, pr. 27.12.68., it. 10.11.70. in bull. No. 34).

A device for producing fiber from a melt of rocks includes a housing formed by end and side walls, a die plate in its bottom with means for strengthening the die plate and current leads connected to the end walls. Means for strengthening the die plate is one of its two - the external and internal elements installed in the gap between each other.

At the same time, the space between the elements can be filled with heat-resistant ceramic material, which contributes to the creation of higher working mechanical and thermal characteristics of the spinneret assembly.

However, the placement of the means strengthening the die plate uniformly over its area does not make it possible to correct the influence of a wide continuous stream of heavy rock melt, supplied mainly in the center of the feeder. The absence of preliminary dissecting and distributing the melt surfaces on the way of its movement to the die plate and the absence of recommendations on the ratio of the sizes of its openings, taking into account the uneven heating both in width and in its length, lead to an unequal level of different temperature melt over the entire die plate. The main disadvantage of the device is its short life due to deformation of the spinneret plate, which bends under the weight of the melt in the device.

The task to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase the service life of the device with a high level of its performance.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the inventive utility model is expressed in increasing the rigidity of the spinneret plate and the structural strength of the device as a whole while compensating for the temperature heterogeneity of both the plate itself and the melt supplied to it along the width, length and height of the device.

This object is achieved in that in a device for producing fiber from a melt of rocks, including a housing formed by end and side walls, a die plate in its bottom with means for its strengthening and current leads connected to end walls, according to a utility model, means for strengthening the die plate made in the form of a water-cooled support along the central longitudinal axis of the die plate installed with the possibility of interaction with its lower surface and transverse stiffeners along the length of the filter Blackboard fixed perpendicularly to its upper surface, in addition, the device is equipped with a heater rigidly fixed on the die plate above the support inside the housing and perforated upper and lower heating shields of different height above the die plate, while the stiffeners are inseparably connected to the heater and pressed against the die the plate with the lower screen, the height of which is 0.24-0.5 of the height H of the upper screen and the holes by 1/25-g1 / 15 of its length from the ends are reduced by (0.054-0.13) mm, and to the center by (0.164 -0.25) m from the die diameter. In addition, the side walls of the housing between the screens are made with an internal angle of 404-90 degrees to the die plate, and the width B and the height H of the upper screen are connected by the ratio B / H 2.064-4.40.

The device also differs in that the spinneret plate can be made profiled under a water-cooled support and the lower screen is raised to the heater by an angle of P 34-15 degrees from the spinneret plate.

The device also differs in that the stiffeners can be perforated.

The device is characterized in that it can be B (624-88) mm and H (204-30) mm.

The presence of means to strengthen the die plate in the form of a support along its central longitudinal axis, which is installed with the possibility of interaction with its lower surface, and transverse stiffeners along the length of the die plate, size; must be perpendicular to its upper surface and permanently connected to the rigidly mounted on the die plate heater, and pressed to the spinneret plate with the bottom screen, provides spatial rigidity of the device due to the joint operation of the specified transverse, longitudinal and overlapping ayush; their structural elements. The proposed device has a communication system with a spatial stiffness core, its scheme takes into account the features of the interaction of all structural elements with each other and with its main element - spinneret plate.

The device is made taking into account the adverse effects of molten rocks and their specificity.

walls, regulated with respect to the diameter of the nozzles, the dimensions of the holes of the lower screen but its length, the location of the heater, correlated with the location of the water-cooled onora and stiffeners - with the lower heating screen allows melt to be supplied with the same mass of constant temperature and level to the die plate, while its own uneven heating It is compensated and the temperature throughout the die field is maintained equal.

The effective operation of the device is ensured by the correct choice of all ratios that are established experimentally.

If the size ratios of the device go beyond the specified limits, then it will not effectively perform its functions. Too large a volume of melt between the screens will pour through the openings of the lower screen in an uncontrolled continuous flow, and too small will quickly crystallize in its openings. The implementation of the support water-cooled allows to exclude its heating from the die plate for the smooth operation of the entire device and at the same time requires a heater associated with the support on the die plate to prevent its possible cooling from the side of this support.

In the case of the exclusion of the heater and the fins heated from it, uneven heating of the die plate occurs, unequal conditions of exposure to it by aggressive melt of hardwood rocks and a decrease in the service life of the entire device.

An excessively high position of the lower screen above the spinneret plate leads to the fact that the melt of rocks on its way to it has time to cool to temperatures that are unacceptable for fiber formation, and too close its position causes unacceptable overheating of the spinneret plate.

The proposed ratio of the size of the holes of the lower screen and the die plate allows you to create a constant flow rate of the melt through them. When these ratios deviate from the required ones, a break occurs or an excess of melt supply to the production occurs, which means a diameter fluctuation and fiber breakage.

In addition, the possible implementation of the die plate profiled under a water-cooled support, and the lower screen in accordance with this, with the rise to the heater at an angle of P 34-15 degrees, from the die plate allows you to create the same optimal conditions for heating the melt and maintaining its characteristics on such created equal ways of its movement from a given screen to a spinneret plate of the indicated configuration.

along the length and width of the die plate to best ensure the conditions for the formation of one level and mass of the melt over it.

In special cases of the device, the height of the upper screen above the spinneret plate can be () mm, and the width of this screen can be equal to (62 -88) mm.

Distinguishing features from the closest analogue of the claimed utility model are significant, because affect the technical result achieved. The totality of all sushi, the natural features of a utility model is not known from the prior art, therefore it is new.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 - the proposed device, general, ith view with a frontal section; FIG. 2 - the proposed device, a top view with a complex section; FIG. 3 - the proposed device, a cross section.

Information confirming the feasibility of implementing the utility model with obtaining the above result is contained in the description of the device in statics and the method of its use.

A device for producing fiber from a rock melt includes a body formed by end 1 and side 2 walls, a spinneret plate 3 in its bottom with a means of strengthening it in the form of a water-cooled support 4 along the central longitudinal axis of the spinneret plate 3, which is installed with the possibility of interaction with its lower surface . The means for strengthening the die plate 3 also include stiffeners 5 — transverse to the length of the die plate 3, which are perpendicular to its upper surface. To heat the structural elements and the melt, the device is equipped with current leads 6 connected to the end walls 1 and a perforated heater 7 located inside the housing, which is rigidly fixed to the die plate 3 above the support 4. The device is also equipped with upper 8 and lower 9 heating screens of different heights to the die plate 3. The stiffening ribs 5 are inseparably connected to the heater 7 and pressed against the spinneret plate by the lower screen 9.

In this case, the height of the upper screen 8 above the spinneret plate 3 is equal to 27 mm, and the height of the lower screen 9 is 0.28 of this value and is equal to 7.5 mm. The length of the lower screen is 344 mm, at a distance from its both ends to the center, which is 1/20 of its length, the holes 10 of this screen are reduced by 0.1 mm from the diameter of the die 11, which is 1.45 mm, and equal to 1.35 mm In areas of this screen, closer to its center, the holes are reduced by 0.21 mm from the diameter of the die 11 and equal 1.24 mm. The side walls 2 of the housing between the screens 8 and 9 are made with

an internal angle of a of 50 degrees to the spinneret 3, and a width of 67 mm and a height of H 30 mm of the upper screen 8 are connected by a B / H ratio of 2.23.

In addition, in the device, the spinneret plate 3 is made profiled under a water-cooled support 4, and the bottom screen 9 has a rise to the heater 7 at an angle (3-8 degrees from the spinneret plate 3.

In this case, the stiffening ribs 5 are perforated.

The device operates as follows.

The rock melt — the basalt of the Uzhgorod deposit “Red Partisan” enters the casing formed by the end walls 1 and the side 2 walls — onto the upper screen 8 from the device for supplying the melt from the melting furnace. The heating screen 8 allows you to partially form a homogeneous temperature, and due to the filtering ability and composition, the melt flow falling into the space between the screens 8 and 9.

The melt volume in the device is determined by the selected ratio of the height and width of the upper screen. In the upper closed chamber, formed by the heating upper 8 and lower 9 screens and the side walls 2 of the device, the basalt melt, usually rapidly losing temperature in height along the height, in the proposed conditions retains its temperature and viscosity characteristics. The inclination of the side walls 2 inside the device at a selected angle to the spinneret plate provides greater heating of the melt in more peripheral zones of the device that are more susceptible to cooling. The melt flow falls on the sections of the lower screen 9, differently spaced from its transverse (end) and longitudinal edges. The most heated basalt melt from the central part of the stream with lower viscosity passes through the central smaller openings of the screen 9, and the less heated basalt melt from the peripheral part of the stream passes through larger holes peripheral along the length of the screen 9. In this case, a uniform flow of melt passing through the screen 9 is formed, which is directed to the die plate 3. In the lower closed chamber formed by the die plate 3, the lower heating screen 9, the perforated heater 7 and the stiffeners 5, the melt is additionally heated before it is fed into direct zone of fiber formation. Due to this, the problematic basalt melt approaches the spinneret plate 3 with the same temperature and viscosity and forms one melt level throughout the spunbond field.

plate 3, which allows to ensure the same path of the melt from the screen 9 to the dies, and also to further distribute the basalt melt along its width with this configuration of the die plate 3. The stiffening ribs 5 and the heater 7 are perforated, which allows the melt to form the same level on the spinneret plate 3, regardless of the accidental overlap of any opening of the lower screen 9.

The yarn obtained from the fiber enters the winding device (not shown).

The table below gives an example of the performance of the proposed device for producing fiber from a melt of rocks, namely: from a melt of basalt.

Technical advantages of the inventive device are identified in comparison with the well-known industrially mastered devices of the same purpose used in JSC "Sudogodsky fiberglass with indications of their specific data.

The table shows that the inventive device has a higher result in terms of service life and performance, which is obtained when using it in comparison with the result that arises from the predecessor objects. When choosing any of them for the base sample, it can be noted that the technical level of the proposed device is higher, especially considering that the inventive feeder with a large number of dies (816 pcs. Compared to 200 pcs. Or 400 pcs.) Is much more prone to deformation spinneret plate.

The proposed device can replace any two combined feeders, achieve productivity, while increasing the normal operation due to spatial rigidity and stability of the structure, provide1; their strength and durability.

The performance of the claimed and known devices for producing fiber from a melt of rocks

Table

Claims (5)

1. A device for producing fiber from a rock melt, comprising a housing formed by the end and side walls, a die plate in its bottom with means for its strengthening and current leads connected to the end walls, characterized in that the means for strengthening the die plate is made in the form of a water-cooled support along the central longitudinal axis of the die plate installed with the possibility of interaction with its lower surface, and transverse stiffeners along the length of the die plate, placed perpendicular on its upper surface, in addition, the device is equipped with a heater rigidly fixed on the spinneret plate above the support inside the housing and perforated by upper and lower heating screens of different heights above the spinneret plate, while the stiffeners are inseparably connected to the heater and pressed to the spinneret plate by a lower screen, the height of which is 0.2 - 0.5 of the height H of the upper screen, and the holes 1/25 - 1/15 of its length from the ends are reduced by 0.05 - 0.13 mm, and to the center - by 0.16 - 0.25 mm from the diameter of the die, in addition, the side walls enclosure between screens formed with an inner angle to the spinneret plate α = 40 -. 90 degrees, and the width B and the height H of the upper screen are related by B / H = 2.06 - 4.40.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spinneret plate is made profiled under a water-cooled support, and the lower screen has a rise to the heater at an angle β = 3 - 15 degrees. from the die plate.  3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the stiffeners are perforated.  4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heater is perforated. 5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that B = (62 - 88) mm and H = (20 - 30) mm.