RU10444U1 - UNIVERSAL FURNACE ON SOLID FUEL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A universal solid fuel furnace, comprising a housing consisting of side walls made of air pipes connected (welded) in series into monolithic blocks, with open ends, a rear wall, a front wall with a fuel loading window, which is closed by a door with a shutter for air intake, bottom with a grate, a smoke pipe with a damper, a protective heat shield, characterized in that the blocks of air pipes are made flat and installed with an inclination to the central axis, forming a furnace a trapezoidal shape, in the upper part of which an oven is installed, the side walls of which are parallel to the side walls of the case and depart from them with the formation of a space for the exit of flue gases, a spiral-shaped tubular circuit fixed to the rear wall with leads through the rear wall and a protective thermal screen, on the air pipes of the side walls, at least at two levels, tubular inserts are made, the smoke pipe is installed on the upper plate of the housing on which are installed akzhe two tubular pipe, tightly connected with the oven, in addition, on the front wall of the oven level there is a window with dvertsey.2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular inserts are installed at the level of the tubular spiral-shaped contour and at the top plate.

Description

Universal solid fuel furnace

The utility model relates to devices for space heating, heating baths (saunas), cooking, drying various processed foods and producing hot water in a continuous stream, as well as creating additional water heating.

Known furnace modular complex, consisting of a basic module - convection oven and service modules: modules for boiling and heating water in water tanks, a drying module in the form of an oven, a smoking module in the form of a smoking chamber, an additional heating module in the form of a calorifer, the module of the heater in the form of a container for stones, while all the modules are made with the possibility of connecting with each other by pipe segments and / or a removable smoke pipe (patent RU No. 2097658, F 24B1 / 26, 1997).

As a basic module-oven, a convection-type glow-burning furnace can be used, consisting of a body with a top plate, with a pipe and a damper, a bottom with air ducts, a front wall with a door having a blower with a throttle valve, and a rear wall with vertically arranged air ducts and a movable partition having a handle for moving it. Under the movable partition, there are obliquely mounted internal air ducts, connected at one end to the corresponding external air ducts of the side walls, brought out by the other end to the opposite side of the furnace above the openings of the external air ducts. In this case, the upper holes of the external air ducts connected to the internal air ducts are F 24V 1/26

full closed. The bottom is made with an inclination towards the front wall and is equipped with air ducts of the rear wall (patent RU No. 2097660, F 24B5 / 06, 1997). The disadvantages of this furnace are:

- low manufacturability due to the complexity of welding and assembly operations in manufacturing, where it is necessary to ensure alignment of the holes in the side walls of the furnace when installing and welding inclined air pipes with the simultaneous installation of a movable partition with a handle to move it, while ensuring tightness from the exit of flue gases through the hole for the handle in the front wall;

-reduced heat engineering efficiency of the furnace due to the undeveloped inner surface of the furnace space and hollow-inclined air ducts, the effect of which decreases with decreasing inclination from the vertical and increasing air temperature in the lower (in level) air intake open ends.

The disadvantage of the above furnace modular complex is the design complexity due to its modular solution, each of which is a complete assembly structural unit, which does not allow organizing industrial production, but only manufacturing by individual orders in a particular set.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed furnace is a stove air heater, comprising a housing of air-conducting pipes made arcuate and connected in series in a monolithic block, the lower ends of the pipes are open, and in the upper part, from the outer side along the tops of the arcs, with the exception of the pipe closest to the front wall, grooves for the exit of heated air are made, the rear wall with a pipe and a rotary damper for the exit of flue gases, the front wall with a window for loading fuel closed by a door with a damper A suction air, the bottom grate, the rear, bottom and front walls are provided with a protective heat shield (utility model application № 97114965/20 priority 09.05.97 ,, positive decision from 29.12.97, F 24B 5/06).

The specified stove air heater is intended for space heating and therefore cannot be used for cooking, heating water, use in an individual bath without additional design improvements.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the functionality (universalism) for domestic purposes, as well as reduce the complexity of manufacturing and improve manufacturability.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the furnace has a housing with side walls, a rear and front wall with a window for loading fuel, a door with a shutter for air intake, a bottom with a grate, a smoke pipe, a protective heat shield, and the side walls are made of air pipes connected in series in monolithic flat blocks, with open ends installed with an inclination to the central axis, forming a trapezoidal combustion chamber, in the upper part of which an oven is installed, side the walls of which are parallel to the side walls of the casing and recede from them with the formation of space for the exit of flue gases on the sides, under the oven there is a tubular spiral-shaped circuit fixed to the rear wall with leads through the rear wall and a wired heat shield, at least on the air-conducting pipes of the side walls tubular inserts are made on two levels, the smoke pipe is installed on the upper plate of the housing, on which two pipe pipes are also installed, hermetically connected to the oven, Moreover, on the front wall at the level of the oven there is a window with a door. Tubular inserts for blowing air can be installed at the level of the tubular spiral contour and in the area of the upper plate.

The implementation of the housing with inclined side walls in the form of monolithic flat blocks of a series of pipes welded along the generatrix, reduces the complexity of manufacturing and improves manufacturability compared to the prototype.

The sealed oven built into the upper part of the cabinet allows for cooking or filling it with stones after heating them to get steam from the water supply through the upper tube pipes. The same cabinet is a smoke barrier that eliminates the direct exit of flue gases into the chimney and provides a more complete use of heat from the combustion of fuel for side heating to heat the side air ducts, the upper stove plate and the oven.

The presence of a spiral-shaped water circuit built into the furnace allows you to receive hot water for domestic purposes, as well as for the organization of additional water heating of adjacent and remote rooms.

In FIG. 1, a furnace is shown (front view), in FIG. 2 is a side view (section AA), in FIG. 3 - a variant of using a furnace for additional water heating of an adjacent or remote room.

The furnace is a welded steel structure. The furnace body 1 is formed laterally by two monolithic flat blocks 2 of pipes 3 welded in a sealed structure along the generatrix with the ends open both from the bottom 4 and from the top 5. The bottom b is flat, on which the grate 7 is installed, from the bottom it has two supports 8, between which a heat shield 9 is fixed under the entire bottom 6, the Top plate 10 has a smoke pipe 11 with a shutter 12 that rotates with the help of the axis 13 and two tubular pipes 14, Rear the wall 15 has a removable U-shaped heat shield 16, the Front wall 17 has a boot window 18 and a window 19, Both windows are closed by doors 20 and 21 on the latches from the locking handles 22, A shutter 23 is installed on the door 20, moved from the slide 24 to change the blow when burning fuel a.

in the upper part of the housing 1 there is an oven 25 of a trapezoidal section.

At the bottom of the cabinet 25 there is a tubular spiral-shaped contour 26 made of stainless steel mounted on the rear wall 15, with connecting nipples 27 and 28 extending beyond the rear wall 15 and the protective heat shield 16.

On the pipes 3 inside the housing 1, at least two levels of tubular insert 29 are installed for the upper above-flame blowing for the secondary afterburning of combustible flue gases.

The operation of the furnace is as follows.

Through the window 18 with the door 20 open, fuel (firewood, wood and cardboard waste, peat, coal, etc.) is loaded onto the grate 7. The damper 12 through the axis 13 is fully open. Through paper, wood chips and other material, fuel is ignited. After ignition of the main fuel, the door 20 is tightly closed by a latch from the handle 22. The shutter 12 partially closes, and the shutter 23 creates the necessary blowing both from below and from above the grate 7 and the necessary mode of fuel combustion is provided. This shutter can be completely closed, which will provide a smoldering mode of fuel, which will be supported by upper blowing through the air conducting pipes 3 and tubes 29.

When the fuel is burning, the body heats up and, accordingly, the air in the pipes 3 heats up quickly, its density decreases and under the influence of hydrostatic forces from the cold air continuously entering the open lower ends 4 of the pipes 3, hot air intensively exits through the upper ends 5 of the same pipes. The air is also intensely heated in the spaces between the bottom 6 and the screen 9 and between the rear wall 15 and the screen 16, exiting through the upper slots.

These heat fluxes are the most active component of the total heat flux from the furnace, folding additionally from natural convection due to the heated surfaces of the furnace and radiant radiation from the same surfaces.

Tubular inserts 29 provide fresh air to the flue gas zone, providing secondary afterburning of combustible gases. In this regard, a high efficiency of using the calorific value of the fuel is achieved, reaching 70% and higher.

In the cabinet 25, after a certain warming up, cooking is carried out.

If the furnace is used in a bath (sauna), the cabinet 25 is filled with stones, which, in addition to heat from air streams leaving the tubular-slotted channels with a temperature of up to 120 ° C, additionally provides steam for a short time by supplying water through the nozzles 14 with the door 21 tightly closed.

For example, a universal stove with overall dimensions (width - depth - height) - 52.5 - 37.5 - 60 cm, designed for a maximum number of loaded firewood - 6 kg, burning time from 2 to 8 hours, depending on of how the combustion mode is adjusted. Useful thermal power of such a furnace: maximum - 6 kW, nominal 1.5 kW.

The tubular circuit 26 built into the furnace provides hot water with a temperature of up to 85 ° C in a continuous stream, supplying cold water through a connecting nipple 27. Hot water productivity at a water temperature of 60 ° C and at a maximum heat output of 100 l / h.

This water circuit 26 can provide additional water heating in an adjacent room (relative to the room with the furnace installed).

The expansion tank 33 with water is located at the top point of the structure. From this tank, through the riser 34, water is supplied to the nipple 27 of the water circuit 26. The nipple 27 is connected to the heating device 32 via a pipe 35.

Water, heating in the water circuit 26, becomes lighter and rises along the riser 34 and through the distribution pipe 36 enters the heating device 32 and after the heat is transferred through the walls of the device 32 to the heated room 31 it cools down and falls as heavy as possible through the return pipe 35 through the nipple 28 into the water circuit 26. Thus, natural circulation is carried out. To facilitate the movement of water and air to the expansion tank 33 pipes should be laid with a slope of up to 1: 200.

The proposed design allows to expand the functionality of the furnace, i.e. use it not only for heating, but also for cooking, heating water for domestic use and for heating an adjacent room, as well as for baths and saunas.

Claims (2)

1. A universal solid fuel furnace, comprising a housing consisting of side walls made of air pipes connected (welded) in series into monolithic blocks, with open ends, a rear wall, a front wall with a fuel loading window, which is closed by a door with a shutter for air intake, bottom with a grate, a smoke pipe with a damper, a protective heat shield, characterized in that the blocks of air pipes are made flat and installed with an inclination to the central axis, forming a furnace a trapezoidal shape, in the upper part of which an oven is installed, the side walls of which are parallel to the side walls of the case and depart from them with the formation of a space for the exit of flue gases, a spiral-shaped tubular circuit fixed to the rear wall with leads through the rear wall and a protective thermal screen, on the air pipes of the side walls, at least at two levels, tubular inserts are made, the smoke pipe is installed on the upper plate of the housing on which are installed akzhe two tubular pipe, tightly connected with the oven, in addition, on the front wall of the oven level there is a window with a door. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular inserts are installed at the level of the tubular spiral-shaped contour and at the top plate.