RS20120028A1 - EXPLOSIVE FIRE EXTINGUISHING LIGHTING SYSTEM IN ACCESSIBLE CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention herewith described refers to the system of explosive launchers for fire extinguishing in inaccessible terrains according to the International Patent Classification (IPC), refers to the fields A62C 31/24, A62C 31/28 (fire extinguishing by material discharging) and the field F42B1/00 (using explosive charges distinguished by their form). The system consists of a number of devices - the explosive launchers (1), interconnected by the blasting fuse detonating cord (2). The initiation of the blasting fuse detonating cord is accomplished by the electric detonators (4) and the electric blasting machine (5). Between the explosive launchers (1) on the blasting fuse detonating cord there are placed retarders (3) with the decelerations of half a second or a second. The initiation of the explosive launchers (1) performs a synchronous ejection of different agents (liquid or solid) in a thin layer (6) for fire extinguishing (7) in inaccessible terrains. Depending on the fire extinguishing agents, in order to provide more balanced coverage of the burning areas there can be achieved ranges of 30 - 100 m. The use of more explosive launchers (1) can cover larger burning areas with required quantity of fire extinguishing agents (12). Through the interaction of thrust forces, resulting from the blasting fuse (11) the coil detonation mounted on the detonating charge (10) brackets, the shaped fill of the agents for fire extinguishing (12) is influenced and it is also ejected to the various ranges with the various ejection jet (6) shapes.

Description

SYSTEM OF EXPLOSIVE LAUNCHER FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING IN

INACCEPTABLE CONDITIONS

Technical field:

According to the International Patent Classification (IPC), extinguishing fires by ejecting material refers to areas A62C 31/24, A62C 31/28 using explosive charges characterized by their shape (area F42B1/00).

Technical problem:

Extinguishing fires in inaccessible areas has always been a problem for fire services and vulnerable populations. Especially problematic are forest fires, which spread very quickly and when, in addition to material goods, the surrounding ecosystem is also threatened. Extinguishing such fires, on a large scale, is entrusted to special services that are equipped with airplanes and helicopters intended for extinguishing fires from the air in case they are equipped with such means. In the event that the services do not have airplanes and helicopters available, other methods are applied, which more or less successfully localize and extinguish fires. In the majority of cases, extinguishing is done with classic equipment and methods. Then two basic problems arise: how to deliver the necessary quantities of extinguishing agents due to the inaccessibility of the terrain and how to place it in the center of the area affected by the fire? Since, due to the inaccessible terrain, it is impossible to deliver large tankers with the required amount of fire extinguishing agents, it is necessary to choose agents that have better effects than water and, in addition, do not have harmful effects on the environment. Their transport is carried out by specialized firefighting vehicles, and the vulnerable population can come to their aid with their machinery. The introduction of extinguishing agents into the fire zone is done by means of weaker pumps with lower pressures and shorter and narrower jets, so that the firefighters are in permanent danger and their performance is very weak.

The biggest problem when extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions is how to cover as much of the area affected by the fire as possible from a greater distance and as easily, simply and cheaply, with extinguishing agents. Such requirements can be met by means of the invention described in the Application, where, by using explosive means, different fire extinguishing agents can be ejected over greater distances and with different jet shapes.

State of the art:

Until now, the extinguishing of large-scale fires in inaccessible areas was entrusted to special services equipped with airplanes and helicopters intended for aerial extinguishing. In the event that these services are not equipped with these means, extinguishing is undertaken using classic methods.

Today, adapted, different types of airplanes and helicopters that have the ability to carry additional cargo are most often used. Helicopters have a significant advantage over airplanes as they have the ability to hover, so their use in firefighting is very common. The volume of standard water buckets ranges from 2751 to 9.8401 depending on the size of the helicopter carrying it. The helicopter fills the bucket on a body of water, where possible, then flies to the scene of the fire, where the crew empties the bucket and then refills it.

Aircraft used for firefighting can be: amphibious (canadair type

(canader) and "beriev" (berjev)), custom bombers, small agricultural aircraft, modern passenger and transport aircraft to specially developed firefighting aircraft. According to the size of the extinguishing liquid storage, these aircraft are classified into light, medium, heavy and super-heavy aircraft that can carry up to 750001 of liquid. For larger planes, large bodies of water are necessary and sometimes the existence of an airport, which all speaks of a complicated organization when extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions.

In addition to the above, other specialized fire extinguishing systems are used in inaccessible conditions, such as the Cardox system (a tube filled with liquid CO2 from which CO2 is released under pressure and which is suspended from a helicopter).

In Russia, in the era of large forest fires, even aerial bombs weighing up to 500 kg of explosives with special fillings were used.

In certain situations, forest fires can be localized by explosions of large amounts of explosives due to the effect of air impact, but such effects can also have harmful effects on the surrounding environment.

On the basis of explosives and extinguishing agents, the so-called CoolBombs. These are explosive charges wrapped in various fire extinguishing agents that scatter them over the burning area. The problem with this system is how to place the CoolBombs in the center of the fire.

Of the large number of means for extinguishing fires, water glass stands out in particular.

In inaccessible conditions and the lack of specialized equipment that can deal with fires of this type, the Explosive Launcher System for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions can be used, which ejects different types of fire extinguishing agents at different distances and with different jet shapes. It is about a very simple method and equipment that, with good organization and a trained team, can help localize fires and prevent consequences of unfathomable proportions.

Description of the drawing

The invention is described in detail by example and shown in a drawing in which:

Figure 1 - represents fire extinguishing using the Explosive Launcher System Figure 2 - represents the components of the explosive launcher

Figure 3 - represents the assembly/disassembly stand with a section

Figure 4 - represents a rotary jet deflector with a section

Figure 5 - represents the carrier of the explosive charge with the coil of the detonating rod

Description of the invention:

Extinguishing fires using the System of explosive launchers for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions is shown in Figure 1. As can be seen from Figure 1, the System consists of a number of devices - explosive launchers (1), interconnected by water and a detonating rod (2). Initiation of the rods is done with electrodetonators (4) and a machine for electrical initiation (5). Between the explosive launchers (1) on the line of the detonating rod, decelerators (3) with half-second or second decelerations are placed. By initiating the explosive launchers, different agents (liquid or solid) are synchronously ejected in a thin layer (6) for extinguishing fires (7) in inaccessible conditions. Depending on the means of extinguishing, in order to cover the surface under fire as evenly as possible, ranges from 30 to 100m can be achieved. Using a larger number of explosive launchers (1) can cover larger areas under fire with the required amount of fire extinguishing agents.

The constituent parts of the explosive launcher (1) for extinguishing fires (7) in inaccessible conditions are shown in Figure 2.

On the mounting/dismounting stand (8) of the explosive launcher (1), a rotary jet diverter made of specially reinforced aluminum (9) is mounted, on which replaceable supports of explosive charges made of wood or some other similar material (10) and shaped charges of fire extinguishing agents (12) are placed.

Figure 3 shows the assembly/disassembly stand with a section. There are openings on the vertical supports at certain distances of 2 cm. By simply pulling the rods through those openings, the height and angle of the rotating jet deflector (9) can be adjusted.

The rotating jet deflector (9) with a section is shown in Figure 4. The angle covered by the two plates of the rotating jet deflector (9) also defines the angle covered by the explosive carriers (10).

Figure 5 shows the explosive charge carrier (10) with the detonating rod coil (11). As shown in the picture, the required length of detonating rod (11) is wound on the carrier of the explosive charge. The amount of explosive charge depends on the density of the winding, ie the length of the detonating stick, as well as the known grammage of the stick per long meter defined by the manufacturer.

Through the interaction of the pressure forces, which arise as a result of the detonation of the winding of the detonating rod (11) placed on the explosive charge supports (10), it acts on the shaped charge of fire extinguishing agents (12) and throws it to different distances with different jet shapes (6).

Depending on the type and amount of fire extinguishing agent, the amount of explosive charge is determined for a known distance in advance.

In addition to the amount of explosive charge, the operating parameters also include the angle that overlaps the plane of symmetry between the two explosive carriers (10) and the vertical plane on which the points of support of the rotating jet deflector (9) are located, as well as the angle between the two explosive charge carriers (10).

The operating parameters of the Explosive Launcher System include the distance between the explosive launchers (1), as well as the initiation time of the coil of the detonating rod (11) on each of the launchers (1).

The system of explosive launchers for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions is intended for extinguishing fires by specially trained fire brigades and other units specialized in working with explosives and means of initiation, which, by using the system in question with the appropriate means, will significantly increase the degree of success in extinguishing fires in inaccessible areas and which will show its economy through the prevention of large damages with long-term material and environmental consequences.

The system is assembled/dismantled and easy to quickly transport and set up in areas where classic firefighting equipment cannot reach. The organization of works from transporting and placing explosive launchers (1), connecting explosive launchers (1) into the system, mounting explosive charges (11) on carriers (10) and shaped charges from fire extinguishing agents (12), as well as the method of aiming, igniting and flying fire extinguishing agents is maximally simplified.

When working with the Explosive Launcher System, special attention must be paid to safety measures.

Claims (13)

1. A system of explosive launchers for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions, characterized by the fact that it consists of a large number of explosive launchers (1) interconnected by water detonating rod (2) on which retarders (3) with half-second or second decelerations are placed. 2. Explosive launcher system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the initiation of the rod leads is performed by electrodetonators (4) and an electrical initiation machine (5). 3. Explosive launcher system according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that by initiating the explosive launchers (1), various agents (liquid or solid) are synchronously ejected over greater distances in a thin layer (6) in order to extinguish the fire (7). 4. Explosive launcher system according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that by using a greater number of explosive launchers (1), larger areas under fire (7) can be covered with the required amount of fire extinguishing agents (12). 5. Explosive launcher system according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that, depending on fire extinguishing means, ranges of 30 - 100m can be achieved. 6. A system of explosive launchers for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it is assembled/dismantled and easy to quickly transport and install in areas where classic firefighting equipment cannot reach. 7. A system of explosive launchers for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions according to claim 1, indicated by the fact that it has the following operating parameters (the distance between the explosive launchers (1) and the deceleration time of the initiation of the detonating stick (11) on each of the explosive launchers (1), which can be adjusted depending on the situation on the ground. 8. Explosive launcher (1) for extinguishing fires in inaccessible conditions according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it consists of a mounting/dismounting stand (8), a rotating jet guide (9) and an explosive charge carrier (10). 9. Explosive launcher (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it has the following operating parameters: the amount of explosive charge (11) for a predetermined distance, the angle that overlaps the plane of symmetry between the two explosive charge supports (10) and the vertical plane to which the support points of the rotating jet guide (9) belong, as well as the angle between the two explosive charge supports (10) that can be adjusted. 10. Mounting/dismounting stand (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that it enables adjustment of the height and angle of installation of the rotating jet guide (9). 11. Rotating jet deflector (9) according to claim 10, characterized in that it defines the angle covered by the explosive charge carriers (10). 12. Explosive charge carrier (10), according to claim 11, characterized in that it contains coils of detonating rod (11) of appropriate grammage. 13. Explosive charge carrier (10), according to claim 12, characterized by the interaction of the pressure forces resulting from the detonation of the coil of the detonating rod, acts on shaped charges of fire extinguishing agents (12) and throws them at different distances with different jet shapes (6).