RS20090009A - Lighting device and procedure designed to improve crop production in greenhouses - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention herewith described belongs to the field of lightning and specifically refers to the lighting device and procedure designed to improve crop production in greenhouses.The subject invention has solved the technical problem of additional illumination with the appropriate regulation that effectively influences the increased growth and quality of vegetable production in greenhouses. With this invention the balanced conditions for work and production are created with the high degree of autonomy from external factors, the effective supply of CO2, light effect on the composition and quality of crop yields with high phyto-prevention.This is achieved with the underlying device comprising: a computer (1) with an interface (2), controller (3), power supply circuit (4), fan (5), distribution network (8) in which process the controller (3) comprises the sub-circuit (9) for the creation of the given signals, then the sub-circuit (10) for the ratio regulation of individual colour digit impulses - spectrum of the two working aspects and the output frequency and sub-circuit (11) for manual data selection and entry.

Description

Lighting device and process intended for improvement

plant production in a protected area

Technical field

The field of technique to which the invention relates is, generally speaking, the field of lighting in agricultural production, and it specifically refers to a device based on LED technology that is used to improve plant production in a protected area.

According to the International Classification of Patents (Int.cl.<7>), the subject of the invention is classified and marked with the basic classification symbol A 01 G 9/26, which defines electrical devices in greenhouses, and with the secondary classification symbol G 05 D 25/02, which includes light regulation characteristic of the use of electrical devices.

S, considering the fact that the new device uses multi-colored light, the subject of the invention can be marked with the following secondary classification symbols: F 21 S 10/02 for marking devices or systems that produce light that can change color, i.e. G 05 D 25/00 which includes the regulation of light, for example, intensity, color, phase, etc.

Technical problem

The technical problem that is solved by the subject invention consists in the following: how to achieve supplementary lighting with appropriate regulation and to conceive its application for the sake of better quality and increased growth of plant production in a protected area in which classical and hydroponic technology is used, by influencing the dynamics and stages of the photosynthetic process, we sterilize the hydroponic solution by actively participating in determining the characteristics and properties of the final product of the plant, which at the same time achieves preventive and active protection against diseases, neutralization of harmful radiation soil and groundwater through the emission, in programmable time intervals, of specially created light, of a specific spectrum, actively acting on the prevention of diseases caused by microorganisms and pests, whereby such a device and the method of its application must be competitive with the known classic means of lighting in greenhouses and greenhouses, both in terms of environmental parameters, radiation, flickering, buzzing, etc., and in terms of the cost of production, installation, maintenance and length of service life.

State of the art

In the process of plant metabolism, in order for photosynthesis to proceed smoothly, in addition to adequate moisture, access to nutrients, a certain temperature and an optimal concentration of C02, the plant needs to be provided with an appropriate level of illumination (photosynthesis is initiated at L = 5001x, which is the value of the compensation point for light in most higher plants). When a plant is illuminated by natural sunlight, from (75-85%) of the light that is absorbed, one quarter is photosynthetically active, 0.5-7% is used, while the rest is reflected, converted into heat, luminescent, etc. This phenomenon is a consequence of the transfer of light energy in a certain time and the parameters of photosynthetic light are: - the level of brightness (depends on the emitted spectrum of radiation and is for vegetable crops 1500 to 20001x, for flowers 4000 to 50001x and for laboratory research 20000 to 30001x) - the selected range of the spectrum (it is known that the visible light from the Sun is within 400 to 700 nm and that for the production of different plant cultures the most favorable red part of the spectrum is 640 to 680 nm, i.e. the blue-violet part of the spectrum is 400 to 450 nm) - and the lighting mode, which can be continuous or pulsed according to the user's requirements.

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest, and in accordance with a large number of experiments, and knowledge about the influence of light on the growth and yield of plants. New knowledge applied in agricultural production enabled commercial growers not only to increase productivity in terms of greater quantity and better quality of products, but also to carry out production continuously and place it on the market at the most convenient moment. This means that the production of plant crops in protected areas has become practically independent of daylight, i.e. that cultivation has become possible throughout the year. It is significant that thanks to artificial lighting, the production of plant crops has been extended to those parts of the world where it was almost unimaginable. Using artificial lighting can be achieved relatively simply and cheaply, both extending the day and increasing the required amount of irradiation. In the state of the art today, metal-halide and sodium lamps are well known, whereby the power of the lamps ranges from 400W to 600W, with the information that one such lamp covers an area of 6 to 10m<2.>

The term protected area in this patent application means greenhouses and greenhouses, where both use the so-called "greenhouse effect" along with knowledge that is important when deciding on one or another type of protected surfaces, namely: - glass panels transmit light and are a barrier to a large part of thermal radiation, while plastic film does not transmit all light but is effective in protecting against the so-called "burn" of plants - the durability of the glass is unlimited, while the durability of the foil is limited to two to three years, whereby it is known that the transparency of the glass is 100%, while the transparency of the foil is approximately 80% - the penetration of the visible part of the solar spectrum through the glass is almost complete, (Sodium glass does not pass the UV part of the spectrum) while the foil does not pass all its parts. - a big difference in price, which in this case is on the side of the foil (taking into account the more frequent replacement of the foil, as well as the heating costs that are increased for protected surfaces covered with foil).

Regardless of whether greenhouses or greenhouses are used, it is known for certain that by controlling and using the parameters that affect the production of crops in protected areas, among which the scientific conception of lighting certainly takes the first place, it is possible to achieve multiple production with two to three harvests for the same period.

Today it is safe to say that modern greenhouses, regardless of their size, are unimaginable without additional artificial lighting that regulates the production of plant crops, but today it is certain that the main source of light in the future will not be light bulbs (classic light bulbs, fluorescent lamps or lamps based on sodium vapor) but LED lighting, which is more economical, reliable and long-lasting.

Among the dilemmas that are most present today and are related to artificial lighting are: the choice of the most favorable light spectrum, the possibility of developing a lamp with a light spectrum whose composition can be changed, and thus be made suitable for more plant cultures, finding the optimal amount of light, the mode of operation and a high level of energy saving, the choice of the most favorable type of cooling of the LED diodes, as well as the behavior of insects and parasites under this lighting.

Precisely these dilemmas were the starting point for finding a lamp based on LED technology that would provide optimal conditions for growing plants in a protected area.

By reviewing the available domestic and foreign patent documentation, it was concluded that there is no solution relevant to the solution of the invention in question.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

The subject invention completely solves the previously defined technical problem.

The essence of the invention is reflected in the fact that according to the author's idea, a light was constructed, based on LED technology, which contains: an LED driver unit for obtaining a variable RGB spectrum, with dimensions and shape suitable for greenhouses, a housing with LED elements (modules and diodes), and coolers, fixed on the axis by a horizontally and vertically movable support, which are interconnected and optimally designed in order to achieve conditions for intensive and high-quality photosynthetic activity, with significant energy savings. The invention is based on the use of LED lamps (Light Emitting Diode - diodes that emit light) so that some important advantages of this technology are used, namely: - LED creates approximately the same, or more light at the same power (W) compared to known and classic means of lighting,

- can only emit light of the desired wavelength,

- the light obtained from the LED can be directed directly to the target,

- LED has a long working life (approximately at 50,000 working hours, the emission intensity drops by about 20%).

- does not generate heat in the direction of light emission,

- The LED can pulse (pulse mode of operation), which increases energy utilization, approx. 30%, and for this purpose, with a specific work mode 10-100 times,

- there is no emission of the harmful UV part of the spectrum, as well as IR,

- the possibility of creating the spectral composition of emitted light,

- in order to sterilize the space and neutralize pathogens, UV LED elements of certain wavelengths can be installed in a dedicated lighting mode. For plants, for example the complete range of the UVZA spectrum has a positive predominantly formative role.

LED elements consist of individual powerful LEDs, LED modules with multiple LEDs with emission light in colors (monochromatic) and spectra (polychromatic), i.e. with RGB in the base.

The essence of the invention is reflected in the fact that the subject LED lamp, based on experimentally determined results, was designed so that, with the help of precisely set photosynthetic parameters, it provides the possibility for plants to use artificial light much more efficiently, thanks to the fact that it acts on a large number of internal mechanisms within the leaves of the plant themselves, which, when treated in this way, show positive changes in the growth and increase of the fruit.

In the light phase of photosynthesis, plants in certain time intervals in the chemical process of organic matter synthesis, which is explicitly dependent on temperature, according to many authors, do not need light, while according to some, for the activation of certain enzymes, light of a certain intensity is needed, the spectrum of which is different from that absorbed by chlorophyll. In those time intervals, the lamp can either not emit light, or emit the same but with a lower intensity in the appropriate spectrum, including IR, that is, thermal emission. Photosynthetic emission occurs periodically-impulsively, with strong flashes that excite electrons with spectral energy and flux, initiating photoactivity as a physical reaction independent of temperature. Thus, lighting and plant activity are synchronized, the plant is initiated to photosynthetically react in light rhythm, which makes maximum use of light with great savings.

The novelty of the invention is a technical solution according to which, by programming a dedicated spectrum of emitted light, in addition to photosynthetic activity, preventive and active neutralization of disease-causing agents and pests is carried out. This is achieved on three grounds: a spectrum that increases the synthesis of compounds in the plant responsible for its immunity, a spectrum that is unsuitable for the physiology of disease-causing agents and pests, and light emission frequencies that neutralize them. Neutralization of pathogens in the space is also done by exposing the air mixture for cooling the lamps to a high flux of emitted light.

Also as an alternative thermal source, IR LED elements can be used, analogous to solar radiation, but with pulses of defined energies, which correspond to the chemical aspect of photosynthesis. Selective emission of IR, performs a direct energy transfer to the plant, almost without losses. Analogous to the needs, the ratio of photosynthetic, preventive and thermal modes of operation, i.e. the level of representation of dedicated spectra, is regulated.

The novelty of the invention is also reflected in the constructive solution of the housing, which effectively protects the device from moisture, it is small in size and light.

The novelty of the invention is the option of creating the necessary positive or negative conditions for the plant in the dowsing-energy sense, which are important from the health and safety aspect, considering the possibility of neutralizing the negative radiation of the earth and groundwater.

Balancing the operation of the basic fan is programmed, so that the number of revolutions is proportional to the currently engaged power, as a result of which the lamp is always cooled with the optimal amount of air, CO and nitrogen. While the lighting is not working, the fan works at a programmed minimum number of revolutions/min., integrally supplying the room with a cold or warm air mixture. Protection against the entry of insects into the lamp, penetration of moisture, etc., is provided by a filter on the suction part.

Thanks to the low mounting and shape, it is possible to fasten the support of the second lamp to the housing, which provides another light source at a different height, so that the plant is permanently supplied with an optimal flow of light for the entire time of growth and maturation.

The novelty of the invention is also the fact that the lamp is constructed so that it works manually - semi-automatically or automatically, using special software that regulates the operation of the LED driver in the lamp, which creates the possibility of maximum energy savings during the operation of the device.

In relation to the previously known technical solutions related to the problems of lighting plants in protected areas, the present invention has several advantages, the most important of which are: - it is completely environmentally acceptable because it is harmless and harmless to human health (there is an option of continuous operation of only white light of appropriate intensity); - temperature-cold light source; - safe working voltage for human life and health; - the possibility of changing almost all light parameters: intensity, dominant wavelengths, spectral composition, frequency of discrete and integral flashes; - it is possible to separately replace each segment of worn or damaged elements in lamps and control and power supply units, i.e. quick and cheap servicing; - if necessary, it is possible to apply variable and programmable operating modes in the time and frequency domain; - provides prevention against diseases and pests; - by photo-synthetically defining the ratio of the intensity of red and blue light in different stages of plant development, a non-invasive influence on the improvement of the chemical composition of the fruit is achieved; - increased growth and fertility of plants; - great savings in energy; - easy to maintain and reliable in operation; - the device is mobile and easy to install and adjust according to the lighting needs of the plants.

Brief description of images and drawings

In order to make it easier to understand the invention, as well as to show how the invention can be realized in practice, the author refers to the attached drawings that relate to the application in question and where:

- Figure 1 shows the functional block diagram of the subject device.

- Figure 2. represents a schematic representation of the lamp housing with elements for connecting it to another lamp.

- Figure 3 shows the serial power supply of the LED module with the LED drivers.

Figure 4.presents an example of defined pulses in photosynthetic mode with RGB LED elements.- Figure 5.presents an example of defined pulses in phytopreventive and thermal mode with R W IR LED elements.- Figure 6.presents an example of one pulse from a basic procession of rectangular pulses with variable parameters.- Figure 7.presents the software algorithm that regulates the operation of the device in question in automatic mode. schematic view of the improved lamp in vertical cross-section.

- Figure 9. represents the schematic view of the lamp in question from above.

- Figure 10. represents the appearance of the upper side of the lamp with three fans.

- Figure 11 presents a schematic representation of an improved lamp for hydroponic technology.

- Figure 12. represents the side view of the improved lamp for hydroponic technology.

- Figure 13.presents a schematic representation of the use of light from the subject lamps and heating installation in the floor - Figure 14.presents a schematic representation of a greenhouse with three floors for the hydroponic method of growing plants illuminated by the subject lamps. - Figure 15.presents a schematic representation of the placement of the subject lamp on both sides of the floor where hydroponic technology is applied, (view from the top perspective).- Figure 16.presents a schematic representation of the device for sterilization, circulation and solution feeding.

Detailed description of the invention

By looking at the attached pictures, it is easy to see that the device in question consists of: computer 1 with interface 2, control unit 3, unit 4 for power supply, fan 5 for cooling the LED elements and blowing the mixture of air and C02 or N, which are interconnected by the appropriate electrical installation and ventilation pipes that make up the distribution network 8. The control unit 3 consists of sub-assembly 9 for the creation of set signals, then sub-assembly 10 for regulating the length signal parameters: pulse duration, signal-pause ratio and frequency, mutual time positions of pulses for installed colors and subassembly 11 for manual selection and data entry. The switch 26 for selecting the operating mode has two positions 1-2 and l'-2', where in position 1-2 it is possible to select only white light of low power, in order to create a pleasant working atmosphere in the protected space, while in position l'-2' the device works in programmed spectral and pulse mode. According to the example of the implementation of the invention, Umax = 40 to 50 V, although other higher or lower voltages can be used, whereby the output current depends on the number of installed LED elements, whose number defines the intensity of the emitted light and determines the power of the power supply unit, i.e. current limit (device protection). Changing the supply voltage is also possible by connecting the LED elements differently or by replacing the driver unit. LED elements emit light that has pronounced energy, maxima in the red and blue part of the spectrum. It is possible, for example, to form one color (spectrum) using 6-18 LED elements in the lamp, which, as can be seen in pictures 2 and 3, are connected in series. The desired spectrum is obtained by combining the colors, that is, the spectra of two, three or more different elements. All elements of the same color - spectrum can work synchronously with the simultaneous start of RGB pulses and asynchronously when the beginnings of RGB pulses are different in time. The operating mode is dictated by the control unit 3. After installing the lamps 7, the spectrum is created by entering the parameters software or manually, where the intensities of individual colors - spectrums, i.e. the frequencies corresponding to them are in an arbitrary integer amount (for example, for three elements, i.e. colors - the spectrum, the ratio fa:fb:fc is 1:2:1, 1:3:5, 4:3:2, etc;). The total number of installed elements determines the maximum lighting intensity and it can also be increased if necessary, by adding one or more lamps to the first lamp 7 to the desired height. This is achieved by firmly connecting the support of the second lamp 7 and the connector of the first lamp 7 with a connector 29. On the cover 21 of the first lamp 7, a centrally positioned circular opening 22 with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the support 20 is made. In order to prevent moisture from entering the lamp 7, when it is installed without the support 20, a circular plastic seal 23 is inserted into the opening 22. In the case of connecting two lamps 7, the air mixture for cooling and CO2 flows through the cavities 24 of the tubular supports 17 and 20, and the electrical power supply and operation mode control system of the additional lamp goes through the connector plate 25 and the driver 27, whereby each additional lamp has an analog connector plate 25 and the driver 27, which enable the connection for the transmission of power and electrical control signals.

On the case 14, small openings 19, through which heated air continuously exits, are designed for cooling purposes. The operation of the fan 5 prevents humid air and insects, which are normally present in greenhouses and greenhouses, from entering the lamp.

The maximum output power, i.e. the intensity of emitted light, is limited only by the capacity of the power supply unit 4, which can be increased in cascade by connecting the required number of power supply units 4 in parallel, provided that the electrical installations allow it.

Due to the very small electricity consumption. of energy, the pulse mode of operation allows the installation of lamps with a very pronounced performance, with the emission of about 33 KHz fast light pulses of high power, noting that the frequency can also be changed.

The choice of the duration of the basic pulses in the procession was made on the basis of the results obtained through research, which showed that the optimal pulse duration is 10-15 \ xs.

The housing 14 of the LED lamp is made in the form of a pear or, as shown in this drawing, in the form of a hemmed regular multi-sided prism (or coupe). It houses proper coolers and is made of consistent plastic or similar material. The housing 14 is closed so as to protect the LED elements (LEDs and LED modules) from various mechanical damages during the treatment of plants in the protected area.

The operating mode of lamp 7 is set by device 2 and is realized in two ways:

- Fully automatic-software, by programming parameters such as:

- the duration of the rectangular pulse Ti, the ratio Ti/Tpi and the frequency fi (picture 6) in the basic procession, - the ratio of the intensity of the installed colors/spectra proportional to the ratio of the number of corresponding pulses in an integer ratio (picture 4), which defines the spectrum and intensity of the emission in photo-synthetic and phytopreventive, i.e. thermal work (picture 5),

- the output frequency fo emission of the integral spectrum,

- time intervals of the lamp operation, which are also programmed (algorithm, picture 7), which automatically realize the preset lighting parameters (in short time intervals, for example for each day separately, etc.) - Semi-automatic-manual, by entering most of the parameters directly on the console of the device.

The nature of the signal is determined by the temperature and current pulse performance of the LED elements 12, as well as additional savings. In both cases, the indicated signals are controlled by circuit 9 and 10, which regulate the operation of the LED driver 27.

The algorithm of both working modes is given in Figure 7 of the attached drawing.

In order to understand the economy of the lamp according to the invention, some examples of consumption for operation in the photosynthetic mode are given with:

Tfs = 100 (j.s is the time during which the procession of basic rectangular pulses lasts,

Ti +Tpi = 25-40 us, period of one pulse

fi = 25-40KHz frequency of basic rectangular pulses.

In this case, an example of electricity consumption is given. energy and spectrum creation when the lamp emits two colors, for example cool-white and red. It is optimal that it emits a spectrum with 60% - 80% energy corresponding to wavelengths in the intervals 620 - 650 nm and 420 - 450 nm, which is done by choosing LED elements. The spectrum is formed by entering the number of pulses for both colors during Tfs, ie. their relationship. If their number is the same, then it is:

nR:nW=l:l <=> fiR=fiW

Such a lamp with, for example, the maximum installed power Pinst=135W, has a total luminous flux of: 135<*>60hn=8100rm, which approximately corresponds to a flux of ~11000-120001m of sunlight. Given that the lamp is placed at a height of ~ lm, the illumination that is adequate to that of the sun is ~ 10001x, and the theoretical minimum consumption of electricity. of energy (for nR=nW=l) is:

Uo - Uomax = 60V

Io = Iomax =2.25A

Tfs = Thymine = Tiw = Tir = 12.5 microsec.

fo=20Hz, Ti+Tpi = 50ms

Pmin = (20* 12.5)*Pinst/1000000 = 0.00025<*>Pinst = 0.00025* 135W =33.75mW Maximum electricity consumption. energy in pulse mode, with Ti=Tpi is:

Uo = Uomax = 60V

Io= Iomax =2.25A

Tfs is without limit, and fi=fiR=fiW

Pmax = Pinst/2 = 67.5 W

The maximum power under the same conditions for Ti » Tpi is approximately:

Pmax=Pinst=135W

Due to persistence, the eye sees light of minimal duration, at frequencies higher than 25Hz, as continuously weak (one basic pulse lasts 12.5ixs., and the eye is sensitive to ~24-25Hz, i.e. ~40ms, which is 3000 times slower). For the plant, this light is still photosynthetically active, because even though its duration is short in proportion to its intensity, it excites chlorophyll and other pigments. Modes with low power consumption. energy sources are intended primarily for work from the aspect of disease and pest prevention in a purposely defined spectrum (and in conditions when some of the climatic factors are lower than the compensation point, i.e. when there is no photosynthetic production) because the lighting can practically work without a time limit.

As it is known that LED diodes do not generate heat at the front where they emit light (the exception is the use of IR LED elements) but at the back, on the back side of the device, depending on the characteristics of the elements, operating current and mode, there is a need to cool the lamps. The temperatures released by conventional lamps are incomparably higher than the operating temperatures of LED elements. For example, metal-halide lamps emit from 200-450°C, while LED diodes, depending on the type, can have a maximum operating temperature of 40-50°C, with a note that the maximum short-term temperature is higher than 100°C.

Due to temperature fluctuations in the protected space, preventive protection and ensuring long and reliable operation of the lamps, the cooling of the LED elements is done by circulating a mixture of air and CO2/N through the distribution network 8 and coaxial pipes in the supports 17 (PE-A1-PE), through which the electrical and signal installation normally passes. This method of cooling was chosen due to the simultaneous supply of plants with C02, and the same is done when there is no need for cooling. The air mixture with C02 or N comes out under low pressure (which is regulated by opening the outlet valve 28 on the tank 6 or the speed of the fan 5). The mixture comes out through openings 19 in the lamp 7 near the plants, and since the lamp 7 is at a height of h ~ lm, and CO2 is heavier than air, a quality supply of the necessary CO2 is ensured. It should be noted that if there is a need to emit light of greater intensity, additional cooling fans, of lower power, are installed in the lamp.

Unlike many, LED light elements radiate more at low temperatures (reference T = 25° C). In intensive plant production with a large number of plants/m<2>, for which supplemental lighting is intended, considerable amounts of CO2 are necessary and its concentration is regulated in the described manner.

Temperature protection, if necessary, can also be realized automatically using a thermosensor connected to the control unit 3, which, by reducing the operating current, balances the parameters and relieves the LED elements by lowering their temperature, which in fact represents a second level of protection. This ensures long-term and safe operation of the device.

Figure 8 shows a lamp with improved characteristics for plant production in a protected area, which uses the same management, power supply and air supply for cooling, through the distribution network 8, as well as lamp 7, from which it differs structurally in the shape of the housing 30 and in that it has an inserted cooling director 35, which achieves significantly greater stability of the desired operating temperature. The protective case 30 has the most favorable shape of an inverted hemmed regular hexagonal pyramid on the sides of which coolers with LE diodes 46 are fixed and cooling openings 31 are made, evenly distributed along the junction of its sides. The lamp housing 30 is fixed to the tubular support 20 through which the power supply cables and the cooling mixture pass by means of the thread 32 and the semi-coupling 33. At the end of the base of the housing 30, there is a thread 34, by means of which the conical cooling guide 35 is fixed, on which there are lateral air openings 36, symmetrically distributed on its surface. On the upper side of the housing 30, there is a cover 37 with a centrally located circular opening 38 into which the circular tube 39 of the next lamp holder is inserted if the height of the floor in the greenhouse requires it. The pipe 39 is fixed to the cover 37, which is made in two variants, by means of a thread 41 and a half-coupling 33 via a washer 40. In the version without a fan 42 (picture 9), the cover 37 is a flat hexagonal plate designed to fit the upper opening of the housing 30, and the driver 27 is attached to it from the inside and the connector plate 29 from the outside, whose functions are described in the previous example of the lamp design. In Figure 9, it is easy to see the star arrangement of the air openings 36. In another version of the subject lamp - figure 10, on the cover 37 there are standard fans 42 fixed at every 120° in the corners, oriented so that they expel air from the lamp. The principle of operation of this lamp is the same as that of the previously described lamp 7, except that in this embodiment, a cooling director 35 is added, which enables better cooling of the LED elements 12 and 13, which can be significant in certain lamp usage modes.

Using the same modes of power, cooling, control and distribution network 8 as in the previous examples, the author has shown in this description of the invention a lamp for improving plant production in a protected area when using the hydroponic technique of growing plants on multiple levels. As you can see from pictures 11 and 12, the lamp consists of an elongated trapezoidal housing 43, which is fixed to the pipe support with a semi-coupling 44, through which the supply and control lines and the supply of the air mixture for cooling 45 pass. The LED diodes 73 with finned coolers are evenly fixed to the sides of the housing in two rows so that their effective cooling is enabled by the air of additional driven fans 47 placed at the ends of the housing. 43. On the upper side of the housing 43 for control and repair purposes, there is a narrow rectangular cover 48, easy to dismantle.

Figure 13 shows a multi-storey structure 49 composed of inclined supports 50 assembled at the top and horizontal reinforcements 51 and 52, on the sides of which pipes 53 containing the hydroponic solution 54 are evenly distributed. Coverings 57 made of thermal insulation material, e.g., are placed over the pipe 53. styrofoam on which there are openings 58 corresponding to the openings 59 made on the pipes 53 in which the liquid substrate 54 is located. Figure 14 also shows the way the subject lamp is placed and it is easy to see that the housing 30 is parallel to the pipes 53. The cooling of the lamps is carried out as in the previous examples of execution by a fan 5 through a network distribution 8 which is separated separately for each floor into vertical pipes 60 through which electric lines and cooling air pass through driven by the main fan, only in this case there is a "T" distributor 61 in the center of floor 49, from which lines and cooling air are distributed symmetrically to the left and right sides of floor 49 through pipes 62 and 63.

Figure 15 shows a greenhouse or greenhouse with three parallel floors 49. From this example, it can also be seen that the use of parallel floors 49 enables better use of light, considerable savings in heating, efficient cooling of the lamps in question, as well as high brightness with minimal shadowing of plants on floor 49.

Figure 16 shows an additional assembly for selective sterilization with a device 64 on which are installed LED diodes 66 that emit waves from the UV-B and UV-C part of the spectrum for sterilizing the hydroponic solution 54. Namely, during the growing season the plants use the hydroponic solution 54, which over time needs to be enriched with new nutrients and neutralized from harmful microorganisms. Replenishment is carried out using the pump 71, by circulating the solution 54, which, when the valves 68 are open, first passes through the filter 70, filling the pipes 53 with a fresh solution through the valve 69, so that the nutrition of the plants is optimal. This assembly can be performed either as an integral stationary part of the equipment in the greenhouse or as an additional part of the equipment which, if necessary, can be connected to the pipe 53 via the connector 65. The sterilization process itself is based on the action of the UV LE diodes 66 placed in the hermetic housing. In order to increase the UV radiation effect of the LE diode 66, a tubular reflective surface 67 is inserted into the solution flow tube 54.

Method of industrial or other application of the invention

An industrial or other way of obtaining and applying an LED lamp intended for improving plant production in a protected area, in accordance with this invention is absolutely possible according to the parameters specified in this description.

Experts in the subject area can easily carry out the procedure for making the subject lamp using this description and drawings.

Due to the quick installation of finished components in the lamp geometry, the invention is very suitable for serial production, and testing on prototypes in a protected area on trial plots showed excellent results.

The application of the invention is from the point of view of the intensity of illumination, the area of illumination, i.e. engaged e. power, recommended also because the device is limited only by the electrical properties (electrical resistance, i.e. the cross-section of the conductor) of the installed electrical installation. A possible increase in the level of electric power of the energy device is achieved by simply adding energy units, so that the total power at the output of the device is: Pu = nPe.j., where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and Pe.j. the power of the energy unit. This enables the exploitation of solar and wind energy.

Claims (7)

1) The lighting device and procedure intended for the improvement of plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which the lamp in the second constructive variant consists of a housing (30), in the shape of an inverted hexagonal pyramid, and into it by means of a thread (34) a coaxially fixed director (35) of cooling designed so that on the sides of the housing (30) there are star-shaped openings (31) and coolers with LEDs (46), while on the sides on the sides of the router (35) there are circularly arranged openings (31), while the housing (30) is closed by a cover (37) on which there is a driver (27), which can carry fans (43), or without them and on which there is a centrally positioned round opening (38) for inserting a tube (39) that serves as a support for the next lamp. 2) The lighting device and procedure intended for improving plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which consists of a lamp for improving production in hydroponic plant growing conditions: an elongated housing (43) with a trapezoidal cross-section, on the lower side of which there is a connector (44) for power lines, control and air cooling, while on its sides, on which there are coolers with LED diodes (73), there are openings (72) for improved lateral cooling fan (47). 3) Device and lighting procedure intended for improving plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which assembly for sterilization of hydroponic solution consists of process device (64), filter (70), LE diodes (66) that emit waves of UV-B and UV-C part of the spectrum for UV emission, coupling (65) for connection to pipe (53), valves (65 and 68) for regulating the flow of solution (54) and reflective surface (57) inserted into the tube of the distribution network (8). 4) The lighting device and procedure intended for the improvement of plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which are storey constructions (49) made of inclined, at the top assembled supports (50) and horizontal reinforcements (51 and 52), on the sides of which horizontal pipes (53) are placed in parallel, covered with thermo-insulating coverings (57) with openings (58) corresponding openings (59) on pipes (53). 5) Device and lighting procedure intended for improving plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED TIME, which by means of the subassembly (9 and 10), by changing the frequency of the procession of basic rectangular pulses, the emitted spectrum and the positions of the pulses for different colors, neutralizes the harmful radiation of the soil, underground and other waters in the protected area, thus providing ecologically adapted prerequisites for the biosystem. 6) Device and lighting procedure intended for improving plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which for special needs of a certain degree of sterilization of the space, use LED diodes with maximum emission from the domain of UV-A, UV-IS and UV-C spectrum, whereby the adjusted emission is specially monitored and controlled, so that the emission is carried out in daytime conditions combined with visible light, or depending on the desired level of sterilization in short time intervals during the day or night. 7). Device and lighting procedure intended for improving plant production in a protected area, DESIGNATED BY TIME, which periodically uses the thermal energy of IR LEDs (infra-red LEDs) with selected wavelengths greater than 700nm, whose operation is controlled by assembly 3, i.e. sub-assemblies 9, 10 or 11.