RS1133U

RS1133U - PROTECTIVE BALLISTIC PANEL WITH INTEGRATED HEXAGONAL CERAMIC ELEMENTS AND HYBRID BALLISTIC PANEL

Info

Publication number: RS1133U
Application number: RSMP-2009/0012U
Authority: RS
Inventors: Goran RABRENOVIĆ
Original assignee: Goran RABRENOVIĆ
Priority date: 2009-02-06
Filing date: 2009-02-06
Publication date: 2010-08-31

Abstract

Zaštitna balistička ploča sa integrisanim keramičkim elementima i hibridnim balističkim panelom za zaštitu od zma ispaljenih iz streljačkog oružja, naznačena time, što se sastoji od slojeva (31 ,32 ... 3x), na koje je na jednoj strani čvrsto spojen sloj (4) tkanine od aramidnih vlakana, što su na sloj (4) čvrsto spojeni elementi (11, 12 ... lx) koji formiraju saćastu strukturu, stoje preko njih čvrsto spojen sloj (5) , što je sa druge strane slojeva (31, 32 ...3x) čvrsto spojen apsorber (7) od sunđerastog materijala i stoje na bočnim ivicama ploče izliven elastomer (6) kojim se formira oblik ploče.Prijava sadrži još 2 zavisna patentna zahteva.Ballistic protection panel with integrated ceramic elements and a hybrid ballistic protection panel against dragons fired from a firearm, consisting of layers (31, 32 ... 3x) to which a layer (4) is firmly attached on one side. Aramid fiber fabrics, which are tightly coupled to layer (4) by elements (11, 12 ... lx) forming a honeycomb structure, are supported by a tightly joined layer (5), which is on the other side of the layers (31, 32. ..3x) tightly coupled absorbent (7) of sponge material and extruded elastomer (6) on the side edges of the plate to form the plate. The application contains 2 more dependent claims.

Description

Oblast tehnike u koiu spada pronalazakThe field of technology to which the invention belongs

Zaštitna balistička ploča sa integrisanim heksagonalnim keramičkim elementima i hibridnim balističkim panelom prema ovom pronalasku spada u sredstva za ličnu zaštitu i obuhvata oklopna odela i oklopne ploče za lične oklope. Oznaka prema Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata: F 41 Hl/02, F41 H5/06. The protective ballistic plate with integrated hexagonal ceramic elements and hybrid ballistic panel according to the present invention belongs to personal protection means and includes armor suits and armor plates for personal armor. Designation according to the International Classification of Patents: F 41 Hl/02, F41 H5/06.

Tehnički problemTechnical problem

Ovim se pronalaskom rešava problem: kako da se konstrukcijski reši zaštitna ploča kojom bi se ostvarila zaštita od više zrna (multi hit) ispaljenih iz streljačkog naoružanja I to od puščanih zrna sa mekanim jezgrom (FMJ) I od zrna koja imaju tvrdo-kaljeno jezgro (SS109, MSC, AP, API, B32), koja će imati takvu specifičnu težinu daje pogodna za upotrebu I koja će obezbeđivati niske vrednosti traume nakon pogodtka, pri čemu će biti otporna na udarce koji su posledica slučajnog pada u eksploataciji. This invention solves the problem: how to structurally solve a protective plate that would provide protection from multiple bullets (multi-hit) fired from small arms, both from rifle bullets with a soft core (FMJ) and from bullets with a hard-hardened core (SS109, MSC, AP, API, B32), which will have such a specific weight that it is suitable for use and which will provide low values of trauma after the hit, while being resistant to shocks that are the result of an accidental fall in exploitation.

Stanje tehnikeState of the art

Tokom vremena zaštitne balističke ploče su menjane i usavršavane. Od teških, glomaznih i prilično nepodobnih za upotrebu do lakih ploča urađenih od polietilena. Over time, protective ballistic plates have been modified and improved. From heavy, bulky and quite unusable to light plates made of polyethylene.

Polietilenske ploče koje su razvijene tokom 90-tih godina od strane kompanija Honeywell (SAD) i DSM (Holandija), su veoma dobro tehničko rešenje koje ima niz prednosti u odnosu na do tada poznata tehnička rešenja. Njih odlikuje mala specifična težina. Ove ploče se najčešće koriste za zaštitu od puščanih zrna koja imaju jezgra od mekanog metala i u slučaju da se koriste za ovu namenu njihova specifična težina je od 17 do 20 kg/m<2>. Ovakve ploče se načešće klasifikuju prema nivou IH (prema NIJ0101.04). Pored ovoga koriste se i za zaštitu od zrna ispaljenih iz automata i pištolja i prema raznim zahtevima za ove svrhe se izrađuju sa specifičnim težinama od 7 do 12 kg/m<2>. Ovakav concept proivodnje ploča obezbeđuje zaštitu I od više pogodaka (do 6 ) u jednu ploču ali isključivo od zrna sa mekanim jezgrom (FMJ). Izrada ploča za zaštitu od zrna sa tvrdim čeličnim jezgrom u koje pre svega spadaju 5,56x45SS109, 7,62x39AP, 7,62x39API, 7,62x51AP, .30-06AP, 7,62x54R B32, kao I sva ostala zrna sa ovakvim tvrdim jezgrom kod raznih se proizvođača izrađuje u tri osnovne varijante, pri čemu sve tri varijante imaju određene prednosti I nedostatke: a) Ploča izrađena od kombinacije keramičkog panela i balističkog panela (backing-a) od polietilena. b) Ploče izrađene od kombinacije keramičkog panela i balističkog panela (backing-a) od staklenih vlakana predstavljaju jeftino rešenje, ali su takve ploče veoma teške i Polyethylene sheets, which were developed during the 90s by the companies Honeywell (USA) and DSM (Netherlands), are a very good technical solution that has a number of advantages compared to the previously known technical solutions. They are characterized by low specific gravity. These plates are most often used for protection against rifle bullets that have cores made of soft metal, and in case they are used for this purpose, their specific weight is from 17 to 20 kg/m<2>. Such plates are usually classified according to level IH (according to NIJ0101.04). In addition to this, they are also used for protection against bullets fired from automatic weapons and pistols, and according to various requirements for these purposes, they are made with specific weights from 7 to 12 kg/m<2>. This concept of plate production provides protection I from multiple hits (up to 6) in one plate, but exclusively from grains with a soft core (FMJ). Production of plates for protection against grains with a hard steel core, which primarily includes 5.56x45SS109, 7.62x39AP, 7.62x39API, 7.62x51AP, .30-06AP, 7.62x54R B32, as well as all other grains with such a hard core by various manufacturers are made in three basic variants, where all three variants have certain advantages. Disadvantages: a) Plate made of a combination of ceramic panel and ballistic panel (backing) made of polyethylene. b) Panels made from a combination of ceramic panel and ballistic panel (backing) made of glass fibers are a cheap solution, but such panels are very heavy and

veoma nepogodne za korišćenje. very unusable.

c) Ploče izrađene od kombinacije keramičkog panela I aramidnog backinga su dobro tehničko rešenje jer obezbeđuju zadovoljavajući nivo zaštite, dosta su lakše od ploča c) Plates made from a combination of ceramic panel and aramid backing are a good technical solution because they provide a satisfactory level of protection, they are much lighter than plates

izrađenih od keramike I staklenih vlakana, pružaju pouzdanu zaštitu na povišenim temperaturama I cena koštanja ovakve ploče je prihvatljiva za korisnike. made of ceramics and glass fibers, provide reliable protection at elevated temperatures, and the cost of such a plate is acceptable for users.

Zajednička mana za sva navedena tri tipa ploča je što pouzdano mogu da zaustave samo jedno zrno za tvrdim-čeličnim jezgrom (AP, API, B32) odnosno nemogu da obezbede multi hit karateristike. Osnovni nedostatak svih ovih ploča je u tome što se izrađuju od monolitnih keramičkih panela ili od pravougaonih 1 kvadratnih keramičkih segmenata. Monolitni keramički paneli su nepovoljnije rešenje jer već posle prvog pogodka dolazi do pucanja celog monolita I time se onemogućuju multi hit svojstva ploče. Nešto bolje tehničko rešenje je izrada keramičkog panela od keramičkih segmenata pravougaonog I kvadratnog oblika ali I tu su evidentna značajna oštećenja keramičkih segmenata već nakon prvog pogodka jer se udarni talas prenosi I na ostale segmente koji zbog svojih uglova od 90° imaju veliku koncentraciju napona na tim uglovima, te na tim mestima takođe dolazi do pucanja keramičkih segmenata. The common drawback for all three types of plates mentioned is that they can reliably stop only one grain behind a hard-steel core (AP, API, B32), that is, they cannot provide multi-hit characteristics. The main disadvantage of all these plates is that they are made from monolithic ceramic panels or from rectangular 1 square ceramic segments. Monolithic ceramic panels are a less favorable solution because already after the first hit, the entire monolith cracks and thus disables the multi-hit properties of the board. A slightly better technical solution is to make a ceramic panel from ceramic segments of rectangular and square shape, but significant damage to the ceramic segments is evident even after the first hit, because the shock wave is also transmitted to the other segments, which, due to their 90° angles, have a high concentration of voltage at those corners, and in those places the ceramic segments also crack.

Danas se u svetu u jedinicama vojske i policije za zaštitu osoblja od zrna sa čeličnim jezgrom, ali i od zrna sa mekanim jezgrom , koriste zaštitne ploče izrađene od keramike i polietilena ali i samo od polietilena. Today, protective plates made of ceramics and polyethylene, or only polyethylene, are used in the world in military and police units to protect personnel from grains with a steel core, but also from grains with a soft core.

Balistički panel koji je izrađen od keramike i polietilena visoke molekularne gustine nastao je iz potrebe da se obezbedi zaštita od zrna 5,56 mm SS 109. Postojeća u to vreme (1998 godine) polietilenska ploča, koju je razvila firma DSM iz Holandije, nije mogla da zadrži zrno koje ima prilično malu masu (4 grama) zbog toga što ovo zrno (SS 109) u sebi sadrži penetrator koji je veoma velike tvrdoće i kao takav veoma lako prolazi kroz ploču napravljenu od polietilena visoke molekularne gustine. Ovaj nedostatak polietilenskih ploča podstaklo je Ministarstvo odbrane SAD da 1998 godine pokrene projekat pod nazivom SAPI. Trebalo je projektovati ploču koja će obezbediti zaštitu koja je predviđena za klasu III prema NIJ 0101.04, ali i zaštitu od zrna 5.56 mm SSI09. U stručnim krugovima pojam SAPI bio je velika nepoznanica sve do 2002 godine, a onda je na simpozijumu PASS 2002 grupa autora obajvila stručni rad gde je prezentovana struktura ovih ploča i njihovih mogućnosti. Autori ovog veoma značajnog rada jesu Martin van ES, Jean Beugels i Jan van Dingenen. Druga vrsta ploča sa opisanim nivoom zaštite veoma je rasprostranjena i njenu strukturu čine keramički panel i staklena vlakna, prethodno tkana pa u više slojeva zalepljena na poleđini keramičkog panela. Balistički panel koji je izrađen od keramike i staklenih vlakana u upotrebi je već oko 30 godina. Značajan korak u definisanju strukture ovih ploča učinila je firma Goodvear svojim patentom od 23. 06. 1970, koji se odnosi na impregnaciju staklenih vlakana smolom i lepljenjem tih impregniranih vlakana na keramički panel. Istovremeno sa ovim patentom i druge su firme dale značajan doprinos u razvoju ovakvih panela: Jedna od takvih firmi je i firma MORGAN iz Velike Britanije. Ovo su danas opšte poznata tehnička rešenja, tako da ovakvu tehnologiju izrade balističkih panela u svetu koristi veliki broj proizvođača zaštitne opreme. The ballistic panel, which is made of ceramics and high molecular density polyethylene, was born out of the need to provide protection against the 5.56 mm SS 109 grain. The existing at that time (1998) polyethylene plate, developed by the DSM company from the Netherlands, could not hold the grain that has a relatively small mass (4 grams) because this grain (SS 109) contains a penetrator that is very hard and as such very easily passes through the plate made of polyethylene high molecular density. This shortage of polyethylene sheets prompted the US Department of Defense to launch a project called SAPI in 1998. It was necessary to design a plate that would provide the protection provided for class III according to NIJ 0101.04, but also protection against the grain of 5.56 mm SSI09. In professional circles, the term SAPI was a big unknown until 2002, and then at the PASS 2002 symposium, a group of authors made a professional paper where the structure of these plates and their possibilities were presented. The authors of this very important work are Martin van ES, Jean Beugels and Jan van Dingenen. Another type of panels with the described level of protection is very widespread and its structure consists of a ceramic panel and glass fibers, previously woven and glued in several layers on the back of the ceramic panel. The ballistic panel, which is made of ceramics and glass fibers, has been in use for about 30 years. A significant step in defining the structure of these plates was made by the Goodwear company with its patent dated June 23, 1970, which refers to impregnation of glass fibers with resin and gluing of these impregnated fibers to a ceramic panel. Simultaneously with this patent, other companies also made a significant contribution to the development of such panels: One of such companies is MORGAN from Great Britain. These are generally known technical solutions today, so this type of ballistic panel production technology is used by a large number of manufacturers of protective equipment in the world.

Pored niza dobrih osobina mnogih tehničkih rešenja, karakteristično je da sve vrste ploča koje su namenjene za zaštitu od zrna sa čeličnim jezgrom izrađuju se tako što je keramički sloj ili monolit ili se izrađuje slaganjem pločica jedne do druge i to najčešće su pločice dimenzija 50 x50 mm. Zboj svoje velike tvrdoće a sa time i velike krtosti ovakvi keramički paneli su namenjeni za zaustavljanje samo jednog zrna sa tvrdim jezgrom (AP, API, B32) jer već posle prvog pogotka dolazi do značajne degradacije ovog sloja ploče (raspadanje keramike), jer se udarni talas nakon udara zrna prenosi na kompletan panel keramike i zbog svoje krtosti dolazi do nekontrolisanog pucanja-lomljenja, tako da je veoma neizvesno dali će drugo zrno pogoditi u neoštećen deo keramike odnosno veoma je neizvesno dali će ovakva ploča moći da zaustavi drugo zrno. Posebnu ulogu u nekontrolisanom pucanju keramičkog panela imaju uglovi koji su karakteristični za pravougaone i kvadratne oblike keramičkih pločica. Naime ti uglovi iznose 90 stepeni, te je samim tim koncentracija napona pri prenosu udarnog talasa na tim mestima najveća što doprinosi pucanju keramičkih pločica koje nisu direktno pogođene sa projektilom. Takođe jedan od značajnijih nedostataka ploča od keramike i polietilena je taj što se keramički panel direktno lepi na predhodno formirani panel od polietilena, pri čemu je ovaj spoj zbog samih fizičkih karakteristika polietilena nedovoljno pouzdan. In addition to a number of good features of many technical solutions, it is characteristic that all types of plates intended for grain protection with a steel core are made with a ceramic layer or monolith or are made by stacking tiles next to each other, and these are usually tiles with dimensions of 50 x 50 mm. As a result of their high hardness and with it their high fragility, these ceramic panels are intended to stop only one grain with a hard core (AP, API, B32) because already after the first hit there is a significant degradation of this layer of the plate (disintegration of the ceramic), because the shock wave after the impact of the grain is transmitted to the entire ceramic panel and due to its fragility uncontrolled cracking-breaking occurs, so it is very uncertain whether the second grain will hit an undamaged part of the ceramic that is, it is very uncertain whether this type of plate will be able to stop another grain. Corners, which are characteristic of rectangular and square shapes of ceramic tiles, play a special role in uncontrolled cracking of ceramic panels. Namely, those angles are 90 degrees, and therefore the concentration of voltage during the transmission of the shock wave is the highest in those places, which contributes to the cracking of ceramic tiles that are not directly hit by the projectile. Also, one of the more significant disadvantages of ceramic and polyethylene panels is that the ceramic panel is directly glued to the previously formed polyethylene panel, whereby this connection is insufficiently reliable due to the very physical characteristics of polyethylene.

Kratak pregled suštine pronalaskaBrief overview of the essence of the invention

Zaštitna ploča koja je predmet ovog pronalaska ima višeslojnu strukturu i to od heksagonalnih keramičkih elemenata i hibridnog balističkog panela. Na prednjem svome delu (udarna strana) ploču čini struktura koja je izrađena od keramičkih segmenata koji su heksagonalnog oblika i samim tim uglovi između ivica pločice su tupi uglovi i iznose 120° što umanjuje stepen koncentracije napona na tim uglovima The protective plate that is the subject of this invention has a multi-layered structure made of hexagonal ceramic elements and a hybrid ballistic panel. On its front part (impact side), the plate consists of a structure made of ceramic segments that are hexagonal in shape, and therefore the angles between the edges of the plate are obtuse angles and amount to 120°, which reduces the degree of stress concentration at those corners

pri prenosu udarnog talasa nakon pogodtka. Ovi heksagonalni elementi su poredani during the transmission of the shock wave after the hit. These hexagonal elements are aligned

jedan do drugog i čine saćastu strukturu. Ova keramička saćasta struktura je nalepljena na hibridni balistički panel koji je izrađen od više slojeva polietilena visoke molekularne gustine i najmanje jednog (ili više) sloja platoa izrađenog od aramidnih vlakana ili platna od staklenih vlakana, pri čemu se najmanje jedan sloj aramidne tkanine ili staklene tkanine nalazi između keramike i polietilenske višeslojne strukture. next to each other and form a honeycomb structure. This ceramic honeycomb structure is glued to a hybrid ballistic panel that is made of multiple layers of high molecular density polyethylene and at least one (or more) plateau layer made of aramid fiber or glass fiber cloth, with at least one layer of aramid fabric or glass fabric located between the ceramic and the polyethylene multilayer structure.

Heksagonalna saćasta struktura keramičkog sloja koja je spojena sa hibridnim Hexagonal honeycomb structure of ceramic layer which is combined with hybrid

balističkim panelom pri čemu je lepljenje ostvareno preko najmanje jednog sloja aramidnog platna ili staklenog platna, omogućuje zaštitnoj ploči da primi više zrna (multi hit svojstva) pri čemu nedolazi do značajne degradacije same ploče pri pogodcima u nju. Razlog za poboljšana multihit svojstva na ovako definisanoj zaštitnoj ploči je što za razliku od keramičkih pločica sa kvadratnim ili pravougaonim oblikom, koje udarni talas prenose na susedne četiri pločice, heksagonalna pločica udarni talas prenosi na šest susednih pločica i na taj način ravnomernije se opterećuje celo lokalno područje oko udarnog mesta. Takođe međusloj između polietilenskog i keramičkog panela, obezbeđuje veću silu lepljenja ovih panela u jednu celinu. Po obodu integrisanog keramičkog panela i hibridnog balističkog panela, nanosi se elastomer (guma, poliuretan i si.) koji ploči daje pravilan oblik i omogućuje joj da pri slučajnom padu amortizuje silu pada i na taj način umanji mogućnost lomljenja keramičkog dela zaštitne ploče. ballistic panel, in which the bonding is achieved through at least one layer of aramid cloth or glass cloth, enables the protective plate to receive more grains (multi-hit properties), while there is no significant degradation of the plate itself when it is hit. The reason for the improved multi-hit properties on the protection plate defined in this way is that, unlike ceramic tiles with a square or rectangular shape, which transmit the shock wave to four adjacent tiles, the hexagonal tile transmits the shock wave to six adjacent tiles and thus the entire local area around the impact site is more evenly loaded. Also, the intermediate layer between the polyethylene and ceramic panels provides a greater force for gluing these panels into one unit. On the perimeter of the integrated ceramic panel and the hybrid ballistic panel, an elastomer (rubber, polyurethane, etc.) is applied, which gives the plate a proper shape and enables it to absorb the force of the fall in the event of an accidental fall, thus reducing the possibility of breaking the ceramic part of the protective plate.

Kratak opis slika nacrtaBrief description of the draft images

Na priloženim crtežima In the attached drawings

- slika 1 prikazuje pogled sa prednje strane na zaštitnu ploču prema pronalasku, - figure 1 shows a front view of the protective plate according to the invention,

- slika 2 prikazuje pogled sa prednje strane na formirani panel od heksagonalnih-šestougaonih keramičkih elemenata, - slika 3 prikazuje pogled sa prednje strane na ploču, po obodu zaštitne ploče je ubrizgan elastomer, - slika 4 prikazuje poprečni presek ploče, sa šok apsorberom koji čini stišljivi materijal (sunđer, guma, poliuretan i si.) - picture 2 shows a front view of the formed panel of hexagonal-hexagonal ceramic elements, - picture 3 shows a front view of the plate, an elastomer has been injected around the perimeter of the protective plate, - picture 4 shows a cross-section of the plate, with a shock absorber made of a compressible material (sponge, rubber, polyurethane, etc.)

- slika 5 prikazuje detalj A sa slike 4 - picture 5 shows detail A from picture 4

- slika 6 prikazuje poprečni presek ploče, sa šok apsorberom koji je izrađen od poliuretana koji je oslojen kompozimim panelom. - picture 6 shows a cross-section of the plate, with a shock absorber made of polyurethane that is layered with a composite panel.

Detaljan opis pronalaskaDetailed description of the invention

Zaštitna ploča koja je predmet ovog pronalaska ima višeslojnu strukturu koju čini panel od slojeva 31, 32 ... 3x izvedenih od polietilena, na kojima je na spoljnoj strani njihovog zaobljenja nalepljen najmanje jedan sloj 4 tkanine od aramidnih ili staklenih vlakana. Na ovom sloju 4, pomoću sloja 2 lepka čvsto su spojeni-nalepljeni elementi 11, 12 ... lx izvedeni od keramike šestougaonog oblika, koji su složeni tako da je oformljena saćasta struktura. Ovi šestougaoni keramički elemanti mogu biti izrađeni od više vrsta keramike i to od: A1203, SSiC, RBSiC, SiC i B4C , i imaju debljinu od 2 do 10 mm. The protective plate that is the subject of this invention has a multi-layer structure consisting of a panel of layers 31, 32 ... 3x made of polyethylene, on which at least one layer 4 of aramid or glass fiber fabric is glued on the outer side of their roundness. On this layer 4, the elements 11, 12 ... lx made of hexagonal ceramics, which are stacked so that a honeycomb structure is formed, are tightly connected and glued using the glue layer 2. These hexagonal ceramic elements can be made of several types of ceramics: A1203, SSiC, RBSiC, SiC and B4C, and have a thickness of 2 to 10 mm.

Na ovako izrađenom sklopu, a na strani gde se nalaze elementi 11,12... lx, čvrsto je spojen (lepljenjem) jedan ili više slojeva 5 tkanine od aramidnih ili staklenih vlakana, kako bi se obezbedila što bolja kompaktnost i postojanost panela kojeg Čine elementi 11, 12,... lx, nakon pogotka zrna. Na ovaj način sprečava se i mogućnost da nakon pogotka zrna u zaštitnu ploču i nakon lomljenja segmenata, otpadaju delovi keramike što može prouzrokovati povredu korisnika od tzv splintera. On the assembly made in this way, and on the side where the elements 11,12... lx are located, one or more layers of 5 fabric made of aramid or glass fibers are firmly connected (by gluing), in order to ensure the best possible compactness and stability of the panel formed by the elements 11, 12,... lx, after hitting the grain. In this way, the possibility is also prevented that after the grain hits the protective plate and after the segments break, parts of the ceramic fall off, which can cause injury to the user from so-called splinters.

Po obodu ovako izrađene ploče je čvsto spojen elastomer 6, (guma, poliuretan ili si.). The elastomer 6 (rubber, polyurethane or the like) is firmly attached to the perimeter of the plate made in this way.

Ovaj elastomer 6 ima dvostruku ulogu: This elastomer 6 has a double role:

1. Da samoj ploči da pravilan oblik, pošto su predhodno ivice ploče definisane sa heksagonalnom saćastom strukturom 2. Da omogući ploči da bude otporna na udarce. Naime s obzirom da je jedan od slojeva ploče izrađen od keramike velike tvrdoće i velike krtosti, prilikom upotrebe same ploče može doći do slučajnog pada ploče na tvrdu podlogu što sa velikom verovatnoćom može prouzrokovati lom heksagonalnih keramičkih 1. To give the plate itself a proper shape, since the edges of the plate were previously defined with a hexagonal honeycomb structure 2. To enable the plate to be impact resistant. Namely, considering that one of the layers of the plate is made of ceramics of high hardness and high brittleness, when using the plate itself, it may happen that the plate accidentally falls on a hard surface, which with a high probability can cause the breakage of the hexagonal ceramic

elemenata 1. elements 1.

U zavisnosti od vrste zrna od kojeg se želi obezbediti zaštita, kao i od željene specifične mase zaštitne ploče (kg/m<2>) određuje se debljina elemenata 11, 12 ... lx, kao i vrsta keramike od koje će biti izrađeni, a samim tim se određuje i broj slojeva 4 tkanine od aramidnih ili staklenih vlakana i broj slojeva 31, 32 ... 3x od polietilena. Ovako definisanoj zaštitnoj ploči, se dodatno umanjuju ugibi pri pogotku (traume), na taj način što je na unutrašnjoj strani zaobljene ploče nalepljen šok apsorber 7, debljine 2 do 15 mm. Šok apsorber 7 može biti izrađen samo od sunđerastog materijala (ili od nekog drugog sličnog stišljivog materijala) ili može biti izrađen od sunđerastog materijala (ili od nekog drugog sličnog stišljivog materijala) koji je oslojen sa kompozitnim panelom od polipropilena, aramida, polietilena ili staklenih vlakana, koji takođe doprinosi umanjenju trauma pri pogotku. Zaštitnu ploču sa predhodno opisanom strukturom moguće je obložiti zaštitnim materijalom (platno, plastična kutija). Zaštitna ploča koja je predmet ovog pronalaska ima strukturu koja joj omogućuje da zadrži zrna sa čeličnim jezgrom ali i zrna koja imaju mekana jezgra a koja su ispaljena iz streljačkog oružja. Ploča izrađena prema ovom pronalasku obezbeđuje pouzdanu zaštitu korisnika od zrna ispaljenih iz streljačkog oružja, i to kako pojedinačnih pogodaka (single hit) tako i više pogodaka (multi hit). Depending on the type of grain from which protection is desired, as well as the desired specific mass of the protective plate (kg/m<2>), the thickness of the elements 11, 12 ... lx is determined, as well as the type of ceramic from which they will be made, and thus the number of layers 4 of aramid or glass fiber fabric and the number of layers 31, 32 ... 3x of polyethylene is determined. To the protective plate defined in this way, deflections in the event of a hit (trauma) are additionally reduced, in such a way that a shock absorber 7, 2 to 15 mm thick, is glued to the inner side of the rounded plate. The shock absorber 7 can be made only of spongy material (or of some other similar compressible material) or it may be made of spongy material (or of some other similar compressible material) which is layered with a composite panel of polypropylene, aramid, polyethylene or glass fibers, which also contributes to the reduction of trauma in the event of a hit. The protective plate with the previously described structure can be covered with a protective material (canvas, plastic box). The protective plate that is the subject of this invention has a structure that allows it to hold grains with a steel core, but also grains that have soft cores and which are fired from firearms. The plate made according to the present invention ensures reliable protection of the user from bullets fired from firearms, both single hits and multiple hits.

Ploča se koristi tako što se postavlja na grudni i/ili leđni deo tela korisnika u džepovima zaštitnih prsluka koji su namenjeni za to ili se koristi samostalno bez prsluka, smeštanjem u platneni nosač ploča koji je specijalno izrađen za tu namenu. The plate is used by placing it on the chest and/or back of the user's body in the pockets of the protective vests that are intended for it, or it is used independently without the vest, by placing it in a cloth plate carrier that is specially made for that purpose.

Način primeneMethod of application

Struktura zaštitne ploče prema ovom pronalasku obezbeđuje zaštitu od dejstva streljačke municije i u zavisnosti od debljine i količine ugrađenog materijala može obezbediti zaštitu po kriterijumima svih standarda koji se odnose na ličnu zaštitu korisnika (npr. NTJ 0101.04, Schutzvvesten, PSDB UK, CSN39 5360, STANAG 4569, EN.1063, BS5051, DIN 52290, MIL-STD-376A i drugih). The structure of the protective plate according to this invention provides protection against the effects of shooting ammunition and, depending on the thickness and amount of embedded material, can provide protection according to the criteria of all standards related to the personal protection of the user (eg NTJ 0101.04, Schutzvvesten, PSDB UK, CSN39 5360, STANAG 4569, EN.1063, BS5051, DIN 52290, MIL-STD-376A and others).

Zaštitna balistička ploča čija je struktura napred opisana, može se koristiti u kombinaciji sa zaštitnim prslukom ali i bez njega. Ako se koristi sa zaštitnim prslukom, ploče se postavljaju u za to predviđene džepove na prsluku (grudni i leđni džep ili samo jedan od ova dva). Ukoliko se zaštitna ploča želi koristiti bez prsluka, potrebno je da se obezbedi njen položaj na grudnom ili leđnom delu tela i to sa posebno projektovanim nosačem zaštitnih ploča od tekstilnog materijala. The protective ballistic plate, the structure of which is described above, can be used in combination with or without a protective vest. If used with a protective vest, the plates are placed in the designated pockets on the vest (chest and back pockets or just one of the two). If the protective plate is to be used without a vest, it is necessary to ensure its position on the chest or back of the body with a specially designed protective plate carrier made of textile material.

S obzirom na to da se ovakva zaštitna ploča može proizvoditi u svim geometrijskim oblicima, ove se ploče mogu koristiti za zaštitu i grudnog i leđnog dela tela korisnika, kao i za izradu balističkih panela za zaštitu vozila, objekata i slično. Given that this type of protective plate can be produced in all geometric shapes, these plates can be used to protect both the chest and back of the user's body, as well as for the production of ballistic panels for the protection of vehicles, objects and the like.

Claims

1. Protective ballistic plate with integrated ceramic elements and a hybrid ballistic panel, for protection against pellets fired from firearms, characterized by the fact that it consists of layers (31, 32 ... 3x), to which a layer (4) of fabric made of aramid fibers is firmly connected on one side, which are firmly connected to the layer (4) elements (11, 12 ... lx) that form a honeycomb structure, which is firmly connected to layer (5) over them , that on the other side of the layers (31, 32 ...3x) the absorber (7) made of spongy material is firmly connected and that the elastomer (6) is poured on the side edges of the plate, which forms the shape of the plate.

2. Protective ballistic plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (4) and/or the layer (5) is made of glass fibers.

3. Protective ballistic plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorber (7) is made of spongy material firmly connected to the composite panel.