RS110004A

RS110004A - SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FORMATION OF LOAD UNITS

Info

Publication number: RS110004A
Application number: YU110004A
Authority: RS
Inventors: Allan Dickner
Original assignee: Inter Ikea Systems B.V.
Priority date: 2002-05-28
Filing date: 2003-04-24
Publication date: 2006-10-27
Also published as: SE0201593L; LV13264B; JP2010132461A; RU2311325C2; DE60307458T2; US20050108988A1; NO328995B1; MY136116A; UA80705C2; TWI295259B; RS50912B; HRP20041130A2; TNSN04221A1; EP1509452A1; BR0311319B1; IL165202A; AU2003224569A1; EG24726A; CA2487448A1; LT5230B

Abstract

The present invention concerns a system and a method for load unit (4) creation. The system includes two or more stations (8-10), in which the load units (4) are formed. In a first station (8), one or more packages (1) are collected and placed to form the load unit (4). In later stations loading ledges (2) are added to the load units (4), and straps (7) and/or stretch wrapping is wound around the load units (4).

Description

SISTEM I METODA ZA FORMIRANJE TOVARNIH JEDINICA SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FORMING CARGO UNITS

Tehnička oblast Technical area

Ovaj pronalazak se odnosi na sistem za formiranje tovarnih jedinica, i posebno na sistem zasnovan na formiranju tovarnih jedinica na dva ili više mesta. Svaka tovama jedinica se formira od jednog ili više odvojenih paketa. This invention relates to a system for the formation of cargo units, and in particular to a system based on the formation of cargo units in two or more places. Each tovama unit is formed from one or more separate packages.

Prethodno stanje u struci Previous state of the art

Danas je uobičajeno da se koriste palete različitog oblika i veličine kao osnova za različite tovarne jedinice. Često se koriste tzv. EUR palete od drveta. Palete su takve da zauzimaju dosta mesta pri skladištenju, teške su i mogu biti kabaste za rukovanje. Pored toga, EUR palete se obično koriste više puta, što znači da se često vraćaju a da pri tome ne nose nikakav tovar. Da bi se izbegli nedostaci prethodno korišćenih sistema zasnovanih na EUR paletama ili drugim vrstama paleta preporučeno je da se umesto EUR paleta ili drugih paleta koriste dva ili više manjih, odvojenih nosećih elemenata ili ivičnih nosača. Today, it is common to use pallets of different shapes and sizes as the basis for different load units. The so-called are often used. EUR wooden pallets. Pallets take up a lot of storage space, are heavy and can be cumbersome to handle. Additionally, EUR pallets are typically used multiple times, meaning they are often returned without carrying any cargo. In order to avoid the disadvantages of previously used systems based on EUR pallets or other types of pallets, it is recommended that instead of EUR pallets or other pallets, two or more smaller, separate supporting elements or edge supports are used.

Preided pronalaska Preceded invention

Sa rastom upotrebe ivičnih nosača, pojavila se potreba za odgovarajućim sistemom i metodom za formiranje pojedinačnih tovarnih jedinica. With the growth of the use of edge carriers, there was a need for a suitable system and method for forming individual load units.

Poželjno je da sistem i metoda za formiranje tovarnih jedinica zadovoljavaju jedan broj zahteva. Tako, jedan od ciljeva je da se sistem i metoda mogu relativno lako prilagoditi različitim situacijama, kako u vezi sa nivoom automatizacije, tako i u vezi sa oblikom i veličinom paketa od kojih se formiraju pojedinačne tovarne jedinice. It is desirable that the system and method for forming cargo units meet a number of requirements. Thus, one of the goals is that the system and method can be relatively easily adapted to different situations, both in relation to the level of automation and in relation to the shape and size of the packages from which the individual cargo units are formed.

Još jedan cilj je da se sistem i metoda mogu oformiti, upravljati i održavati uz razumne troškove. 1 još jedan cilj je da sistem i metoda funkcionišu sa različitim transportnim sredstvima. Another objective is that the system and method can be designed, operated and maintained at a reasonable cost. 1 another goal is that the system and method work with different means of transport.

Ovim pronalaskom ustanovljava se jedan sistem za formiranje tovarnih jedinica. Navedeni sistem obuhvata dva ili više mesta za formiranje tovarnih jedinica. U metodi koja koristi navedeni sistem prvo mesto se koristi za prikupljanje i postavljanje jednog ili više paketa koji formiraju odgovarajuću tovarim jedinicu. Potom se na postojećim odabranim mestima na tovarne jedinice postavljaju ivični nosači i oko tovarnih jedinica se obavija jedan ili više kaiševa i/ili elastičnih omotača. This invention establishes a system for the formation of cargo units. The mentioned system includes two or more places for the formation of cargo units. In the method using the mentioned system, the first place is used to collect and place one or more packages that form the corresponding load unit. Then, in the existing selected places, edge supports are placed on the load units and one or more belts and/or elastic covers are wrapped around the load units.

Dalji ciljevi i prednosti ovog pronalska biće stručnom licu očigledni kada pročita detaljni opis trenutno poželjnih realizacija koji sledi. Further objectives and advantages of this invention will be apparent to the skilled person when he reads the detailed description of presently preferred realizations that follows.

Kratak opis crteža Brief description of the drawing

U nastavku će biti detaljnije opisan pronalazak, uz pomoć jednog primera i uz pozivanje na priložene crteže. Na crtežima: SI. 1 a do 1 i prikazuju različite tovarne jedinice formirane korišćcnjem ovog pronalska; In the following, the invention will be described in more detail, with the help of one example and with reference to the attached drawings. On the drawings: SI. 1a to 1i show different cargo units formed using this invention;

SI. 2 prikazuje deo sistema za formiranje tovarne jedinice prema ovom pronalasku, i SI. 2 shows part of the system for forming a cargo unit according to the present invention, i

SI. 3 prikazuje na šematičan način jednu realizaciju sistema iz ovog pronalska. SI. 3 shows in a schematic way one implementation of the system from this research.

Detaljan opis poželjnih realizacija Detailed description of preferred implementations

Sistem i metoda ovog pronalaska se zasnivaju na pretpostavci da se za formiranje tovarne jedinice 4 koriste paketi 1 različitih veličina i oblika. Iako je oblik svih prikazanih paketa I u načelu pravougaon, stručno lice će shvatiti da je tovarnu jedinicu 4 moguće formirati i od paketa~koji imaju druge opšte oblike. The system and method of this invention are based on the assumption that packages 1 of different sizes and shapes are used to form the cargo unit 4. Although the shape of all shown packages I is generally rectangular, a skilled person will understand that the cargo unit 4 can also be formed from packages that have other general shapes.

Ovaj pronalazak se zasniva na korišćenju nekoliko mesta 8-10, na kojima se sukcesivno fo mi raj u tovarne jedinice 4. Na prvom mestu 8 jedan ili više paketa 1 se prikupljaju i postavljaju tako da formiraju oblik poželjene finalne tovarne jedinice 4. Na drugom mestu 9, na svaku od dve suprotne donje ivice tovarne jedinice 4 se postavlja bar jedan ivični nosač 2. Na trećem i finalnom mestu 10 kaiševi 7 i/ili elastični omotači ili tome slično, obavijaju se jednom ili više puta oko tovarne jedinice 4, uključujući i ivične nosače 2. This invention is based on the use of several places 8-10, which are successively formed into load units 4. At the first place 8 one or more packages 1 are collected and placed to form the shape of the desired final load unit 4. At the second place 9, at least one edge support 2 is placed on each of the two opposite lower edges of the load unit 4. At the third and final place 10, belts 7 and/or elastic covers or similarly, they are wrapped one or more times around the load unit 4, including the edge supports 2.

Ivični nosači 2 koji se koriste su obično one vrste koja je opisana u PCT/DKO1/00748 ali mogu biti i bilo koji drugi odgovarajući nosači. Ivični nosači 2 imaju poprečni presek približno oblika L-profila. Ivični nosači 2 treba da se postave na donju ivicu paketa ili tome sličnog, tako što se jedan deo svakog ivičnog nosača 2 postavi ispod paketa a jedan deo duž strane navedenog paketa. Deo ivičnog nosača 2 koji se postavlja ispod paketa ima izbočine koje omogućavaju da se sredstvo za podizanje i/ili transport podvuče ispod paketa. The edge supports 2 used are usually of the type described in PCT/DKO1/00748 but may be any other suitable supports. The edge supports 2 have an approximately L-shaped cross-section. The edge supports 2 should be placed on the lower edge of the package or the like, by placing one part of each edge support 2 under the package and one part along the side of said package. The part of the edge support 2 that is placed under the package has protrusions that allow the lifting and/or transport means to be pulled under the package.

Ako npr. tovarne jedinice 4 treba da se formiraju od više manjih paketa 1, onda se može javiti potreba za dodatnim mestima. Ta dodatna mesta mogu da obuhvataju mesta gde će formirati delovi tovarne jedinice, pri čemu će na svaki od njih biti postavljeni ivični nosači 2. If, for example, cargo units 4 should be formed from several smaller packages 1, then the need for additional places may arise. Those additional places may include the places where the parts of the load unit will be formed, where the edge supports 2 will be placed on each of them.

(Videti npr. SI. lc i lf). Na delove tovarne jednice se mogu postaviti kaiševi, ali to obično nije neophodno. Određeni broj delova tovarnih jedinica se potom prosleđuje na mesto za formiranje finalnih tovarnih jedinica 4. Takođe je moguće da postoje posebna mesta za postavljanje kaiševa 7 i elastičnih omotača. Kao što je prikazano na SI. lg i lh na dno tovarne jedinice 4 se može postaviti ploča ako se tovarna jedinica 4 formira od velikog broja malih paketa 1. (See eg SI. lc and lf). Straps can be fitted to parts of the load unit, but this is usually not necessary. A certain number of parts of the load units are then forwarded to the place for the formation of the final load units 4. It is also possible that there are special places for placing belts 7 and elastic covers. As shown in SI. lg and lh a plate can be placed on the bottom of the load unit 4 if the load unit 4 is formed from a large number of small packages 1.

Stručno lice će shvatiti da se paketi 1 i tovarne jedinice, respektivno, mogu transportovati do i između navedenih mesta na više različitih načina. Sem toga, različita mesta mogu biti potpuno ili delimično ručno i/ili automatski upravljana. Izraz "potpuno automatski", kada se koristi u ovom opisu, znači da se svako stvarno rukovanje paketima 1 ili tovarnim jedinicama 4 obavlja pomoću mašine, robota ili tome sličnog, koji se sa svoje strane mogu pokretati automatski ili ih može kontrolisati čovek. One skilled in the art will appreciate that packages 1 and load units, respectively, can be transported to and between said locations in a number of different ways. In addition, different places can be fully or partially manually and/or automatically managed. The term "fully automatic", when used in this description, means that any actual handling of packages 1 or load units 4 is performed by a machine, robot or the like, which in turn can be operated automatically or can be controlled by a human.

Paketi 1 su obično smešteni u nekoj vrsti skladišta. Prvo mesto 8 se obično smešta u ili do skladišta ili tome sličnog. Na navedenom prvom mestu 8 sakupi se odgovarajući broj paketa 1 potreban da bi se formirala tovarna jedinica. Tovarna jedinica 4 iz ovog pronalska može se formirati od jednog jedinog paketa 1 ili od više paketa 1. Broj paketa 1 koji se koriste za svaku pojedinačnu tovarnu jedinicu 4 bide određen željenom veličinom završene tovarne jedinice. Packages 1 are usually stored in some kind of storage. The first place 8 is usually located in or next to a warehouse or the like. At the mentioned first place 8, the appropriate number of packages 1 needed to form a cargo unit is collected. The cargo unit 4 from this product can be formed from a single package 1 or from several packages 1. The number of packages 1 used for each individual cargo unit 4 is determined by the desired size of the finished cargo unit.

U realizaciji na SI. 2 paketi 1 koji formiraju tovarnu jedinicu 4 se prikupljaju na prenosniku 6. Pomoću prenosnika 6 tovarne jedinice 4 se dovoze na drugo mesto 9. Na drugom mestu 9 tovarne jedinice 4 prihvata mašina 5, pomoću koje se na svaku tovarnu jedinicu 4 postavljaju ivični nosači 2, na manje ili više automatizovan način. U ostalim realizacijama ivični nosači 2 se postavljaju na jedan u većoj meri ručni način (nije prikazan). Tovarna jedinica 4 sa ivičnim nosačima 2 se zatim odvozi od mašine 5, pomoću drugog prenosnika 6. Stručno lice shvata da vrsta prenosnika može da varira, tako da se mogu koristiti trake, remenje, valjci, točkovi i si. Sta više, stručno lice shvata da tovarna jedinica 4 može da se transportuje do i od mašine 5 i pomoću bilo kog drugog pogodnog sredstva, kao što su industrijski kamioni, dizalice, traverze i si. In realization in NE. The 2 packages 1 that form the load unit 4 are collected on the conveyor 6. By means of the conveyor 6, the load units 4 are brought to another place 9. At the other place 9, the load units 4 are accepted by the machine 5, by means of which edge supports 2 are placed on each load unit 4, in a more or less automated way. In other embodiments, the edge supports 2 are placed in a largely manual manner (not shown). The load unit 4 with edge supports 2 is then driven away from the machine 5, by means of another transmission 6. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the type of transmission may vary, so that belts, belts, rollers, wheels, etc. may be used. Moreover, the person skilled in the art understands that the load unit 4 can be transported to and from the machine 5 by any other suitable means, such as industrial trucks, cranes, traverses and the like.

Na mestu 9 koji sadrži mašinu za postavljanje ivičnih nosača 2, odgovarajući broj ivičnih nosača 2 postavlja se na tovarnu jedinicu 4. Na SI. 1 šematski je prikazano, da zavisno od veličine paketa, osetljivosti sadržaja itd. broj ivičnih nosača na svakoj strani može da varira, a ivični nosači mogu da se postave na nekoliko različitih visina i širina svake tovarne jedinice 4. At a location 9 containing a machine for placing edge supports 2, the corresponding number of edge supports 2 is placed on the load unit 4. At SI. 1 schematically shows that depending on the size of the package, the sensitivity of the content, etc. the number of edge supports on each side can vary, and the edge supports can be placed at several different heights and widths of each load unit 4.

Pošto mašina 5 postavi ivične nosače 2 na tovarne jedinice 4, tovarne jedinice se odnose naIreće mesto 10. Na navedenom mestu 10 na tovarne jedinice se postavljaju kaiševi 7 i/ili elastični omotači ili tome slično. Obično se za postavljanje kaiševa 7, elastičnih omotača ili tome slično na tovarne jedinice 4 koristi mašina, dobro poznata u struci. Međutim, kaiševi 7, _ elastični omotači i tome slično mogu se postaviti i na jedan u većoj meri ručni način. After the machine 5 places the edge supports 2 on the load units 4, the load units are referred to the Next place 10. At the said place 10, the belts 7 and/or elastic covers or the like are placed on the load units. Usually, a machine, well known in the art, is used to place the straps 7, elastic sheaths or the like on the load units 4. However, belts 7, _ elastic sheaths and the like can also be installed in a more manual manner.

Kada tovarne jedinice 4 napuste treće mesto 10, one su tad spremne za transport na bilo koji prikladan način. Onda se tovarne jedinice 4 prosleđuju nekom kontejneru, teretnjaku. kamionu, ili bilo kom drugog transportnom sredstvu. When the cargo units 4 leave the third location 10, they are then ready for transport by any suitable means. Then the cargo units 4 are forwarded to a container, a freighter. truck, or any other means of transport.

Claims

1. System for forming cargo units (4), characterized by the fact that there are two or more places (8-10) where cargo units (4) are formed.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that at one of the places (8) there is a means by which one or more packages (1) are collected and the said package(s) (1) are placed to form the desired load unit (4).

3. System according to claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that in one place (9) there is a means by which two or more edge supports (2) are placed on the load unit (4).

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the number of used edge supports (2) and the method of their installation are based on the size and shape of the package (1) from which the load unit (4) is formed.

5. System according to claims 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that in the second place (9) there is a machine (5) for placing the edge supports (2) on the load units (4).

6. A system according to any of the previous requirements, characterized in that at one point (10) there is a means by which one or more belts (7) and/or elastic covers are placed on each load unit (4), which wrap around the outside of the load unit (4), including the edge supports (2).

7. Method for forming cargo units (4), characterized by the fact that one or more packages (1) are collected at the first place (8) and placed to form a cargo unit (4).

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least two edge supports (2) are placed on the load units (4) formed in the first place (8) in the second place (9).

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that in the third place (10) one or more belts (7) and/or elastic covers are wrapped one or more times around the load unit (4). including edge supports (2).

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the completed cargo units (4) are forwarded to a container, freighter, truck, or any other means of transport.

1 1. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the sizes of the load unit (4) are adjusted according to the size of the container, freighter, truck, and the like, which will serve to transport the load units (4).