RO133807A2

RO133807A2 - System for electromagnetic screening of built enclosures in the range 100 khz - 18 ghz

Info

Publication number: RO133807A2
Application number: ROA201800145A
Authority: RO
Inventors: Mihai Bădic; Cristian Morari; Aristofan Alexandru Teişanu
Original assignee: Institutul Naţional De Cercetare Dezvoltare Pentru Inginerie Electrică Icpe - Ca
Priority date: 2018-03-02
Filing date: 2018-03-02
Publication date: 2019-12-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for electromagnetic screening of built enclosures. According to the invention, the system uses some panels mounted on the walls, ceiling and floor of the enclosure to be protected, by means of some profiles, said panels comprising a fireproof thermoplastic core and two side plates made of sticlostratitex (glass-textolite), an aluminium foil with a thickness of 200 μm being applied on each panel face.

Description

Sistem de ecranare electromagnetica in gama 100 kHz - 18 GHz a incintelor construiteElectromagnetic shielding system in the 100 kHz - 18 GHz range of the built enclosures

Invenția se refera la un sistem de ecranare electromagnetica in gama 100 kHz - 18 GHz a incintelor deja construite, cu aplicații in domeniile industrial, medical, comunicații, securitatea informației si cercetare-dezvoltare.The invention relates to a system of electromagnetic shielding in the range 100 kHz - 18 GHz of the enclosures already built, with applications in the fields industrial, medical, communications, information security and research-development.

Se cunoaște faptul ca, o incinta ecranata este in esența o structura cu sase fete ale cărei pereți sunt captusiti cu un înveliș metalic pentru a împiedica pătrunderea sau ieșirea radiațiilor electromagnetice. Insa o simpla incinta metalica cu sase pereți nu este foarte practica. O incinta ecranata utila, funcționala, in care sa se poata desfasura diverse activitati specifice trebuie sa dispună de usi, încălzire si aer condiționat, apa, gaze, linii telefonice si alte sisteme de comunicare, energie electrica si alte servicii. Pentru a asigura aceste facilitați, ecranul se străpunge si se aplica treceri speciale pentru a introduce in incinta ecranata cabluri, conducte de aer, țevi de apa, gaze etc. menținând eficacitatea electromagnetica a incintei la nivelul dorit. Fiecare din aceste penetrări prezintă anumite particularități si trebuie sa li se acorde aceeași atentie ca întregii incinte inca din faza de proiectare. [1]It is known that, a shielded enclosure is essentially a six-sided structure whose walls are lined with a metal casing to prevent the penetration or exit of electromagnetic radiation. But a simple six-walled metal enclosure is not very practical. A useful, functional enclosure, in which to be able to carry out various specific activities, must have doors, heating and air conditioning, water, gas, telephone lines and other communication systems, electricity and other services. To ensure these facilities, the screen pierces and special passes are applied to introduce cables, air ducts, water pipes, gases, etc. into the shielded enclosure. maintaining the electromagnetic efficiency of the enclosure at the desired level. Each of these penetrations has particular features and must be given the same attention as the entire enclosure from the design stage. [1]

In mod obișnuit, ecranarea incintelor este luata in considerare inca din faza de proiectare a clădirii in care trebuie sa funcționeze si consta in placarea pereților cu folie sau tabla metalica (Cu, Al, otel etc.), in funcție de aplicație si nivelul de ecranare necesar. Pentru obținerea unei camere ecranate se folosesc trei metode de construcție de baza: metoda modulara, metoda prin sudare (sau lipire) si ecranarea arhitecturala [2]. Incintele modulare sunt structuri independente construite din panouri din placaj sau placi PAL laminate pe una sau ambele fete (in funcție de performantele cerute) cu foi de tabla metalica (de obicei tabla de otel galvanizata sau zincata) care se fixeaza pe un cadru printr-un sistem de prindere care asigura si contactul electric dintre placi [1 - 4], Masa specifica a sistemelor cu placi din placaj sau PAL este de aproximativ 58.6 kg/m². Sistemele de ecranare obținute prin sudare sunt structuri compacte care constau din foi mari de tabla de otel sau cupru sudate (sau lipite) intre ele [1 - 4]. Ecranarea arhitecturala este acea ecranare care este incorporata in structura cladirii-mama [1]. In cazul ecranarii arhitecturale, folia sau tabla metalica (din aluminiu, cupru, otel galvanizat, otel inoxidabil) este incorporata in pereții, tavanul si podeaua camerei existente sau in curs de construire [1]. Un sistem ieftin si ușor care poate fi folosit atunci când costurile reprezintă o problema mai mare decât performantele consta in simpla lipire pe peretele incintei a unei folii de aluminiu sau cupru care are adeziv conductiv pe una din fete [3, 4], In unele cazuri se folosește tabla de cupru (sau aluminiu) in locul foliei [3].Usually, the enclosures screenings are taken into account again from the design stage of the building where they must operate and consist of plating the walls with foil or sheet metal (Cu, Al, steel, etc.), depending on the application and the level of shielding. necessary. Three basic construction methods are used to obtain a screened room: the modular method, the welding (or soldering) method and the architectural screening [2]. Modular enclosures are independent structures constructed from plywood panels or PAL boards laminated on one or both sides (depending on the required performance) with sheets of metal sheet (usually galvanized or galvanized steel sheet) that are fixed on a frame by a clamping system which also ensures the electrical contact between the plates [1 - 4], The specific mass of the systems with plywood or PAL boards is about 58.6 kg / m ² . Welding shielding systems are compact structures consisting of large sheets of steel or copper sheet welded (or bonded) to one another [1 - 4]. Architectural shielding is that shielding that is incorporated into the structure of the mother building [1]. In the case of architectural shielding, the foil or sheet metal (aluminum, copper, galvanized steel, stainless steel) is incorporated into the walls, ceiling and floor of the existing room or under construction [1]. A cheap and easy system that can be used when costs are a bigger problem than the performance consists of simply gluing on the wall of the enclosure a sheet of aluminum or copper that has conductive adhesive on one of the faces [3, 4], in some cases use copper (or aluminum) sheet instead of foil [3].

Eficacitea ecranarii electromagnetice a unei camere ecranate depinde de calitatea îmbinărilor si a trecerilor prin ecran. Trecerile prin ecran se fac pentru a aduce in interiorul incintei ecranate conducte (de apa, gaze etc.), energie electrica, căldură si aer condiționat menținând un nivel ridicat al eficacității ecranarii electromagnetice.The effectiveness of the electromagnetic shielding of a shielded camera depends on the quality of the joints and the screen crossings. Screen passes are made to bring inside the enclosure screened pipes (water, gas, etc.), electricity, heat and air conditioning maintaining a high level of electromagnetic shielding efficiency.

De exemplu, pentru ecranarea incintelor in care se instalează un echipament RMN, firma ETS-Lindgren folosește un sistem de ecranare din tabla de cupru infasurata pe cadre de lemn si prinse intre ele cu șuruburi pentru a forma pereți si tavane. Acest sistem este ușor, ușor de modificat in cazul unor discrepante ivite la fata locului si oferă o incinta ecranata durabila. Un alt sistem de ecranare este cel modular care are un miez de tip placaj laminat pe ambele fete cu otel galvanizat, cupru sau aluminiu. Acest sistem este a 2018 00145For example, in order to screen the enclosures where an MRI equipment is installed, the ETS-Lindgren company uses a copper plate shielding system wrapped on wooden frames and fastened together with screws to form walls and ceilings. This system is easy, easy to modify in case of discrepancies occurring on the spot and offers a durable shielded enclosure. Another shielding system is the modular one which has a laminated plywood core on both sides with galvanized steel, copper or aluminum. This system is 2018 00145

02/03/2018 mai greu si poate fi modificat la fata locului, dar cu un efort mai mare. In plus, sistemul de fixare este feros si nu este recomandat de unele sisteme RMN întrucât poate crea probleme de distanțare. Cel de-al treilea sistem de ecranare consta din elemente de tip „tigaie” construite in întregime din metal. Nu folosește lemn. Ecranul este asamblat cu șuruburi pentru a forma pereți, tavane si podele. Acest sistem poate folosi otel galvanizat, otel inoxidabil sau aluminiu, in funcție de preferințele producătorilor de echipamente RMN. Totuși, acest sistem nu poate fi modificat la fata locului. Podeaua unei astfel de incinte poate fi din cupru monolit, de tip modular sau de tip „tigaie”. [5]02/03/2018 harder and can be modified on the spot, but with greater effort. In addition, the fastening system is ferrous and is not recommended by some MRI systems as it can create spacing problems. The third shielding system consists of "pan" type elements made entirely of metal. Does not use wood. The screen is assembled with screws to form walls, ceilings and floors. This system can use galvanized steel, stainless steel or aluminum, depending on the preferences of the MRI equipment manufacturers. However, this system cannot be modified on the spot. The floor of such an enclosure can be made of monolithic copper, modular type or "pan" type. [5]

Un alt exemplu este firma Nelco care ecraneaza incintele pentru investigații RMN folosind foi de tabla de cupru cu marginile suprapuse si lipite continuu pe toata lungimea îmbinărilor. Atunci când se solicita o incinta ecranata de otel, Nelco folosește elemente de tip „tigaie” din otel galvanizat îmbinate cu șuruburi iar la îmbinări aplica si garnituri electromagnetice. Sistemele de ecranare cu panouri care se îmbina folosind sisteme cu cleme sau banda autoadeziva nu oferă o soluție permanenta. In cazul sistemelor cu cleme, clemele tind sa se slabeasca in timp datorita mișcării clădirii, dilatării si contractării termice sau chiar a vibrațiilor provenite de la alte lucrări de construcție din vecinătate. Acest lucru degradează performantele de ecranare. De asemenea, coroziunea îmbinărilor cu cleme degradează continuu performantele de ecranare. In mod similar, intr-o incinta ecranata realizata folosind îmbinări cu banda adeziva, integritatea ecranului electromagnetic depinde de adezivul benzii. [6]Another example is Nelco company that screens the enclosures for MRI investigations using sheets of copper sheet with the edges superimposed and glued continuously over the entire length of the joints. When requesting a shielded steel enclosure, Nelco uses galvanized steel "pan" type elements with screws and also applies electromagnetic gaskets to the joints. Panel shielding systems that combine using clamp systems or self-adhesive tape do not provide a permanent solution. In the case of clamp systems, the clamps tend to weaken over time due to the movement of the building, the expansion and the thermal contracting or even the vibrations from other nearby construction works. This degrades screen performance. Also, the corrosion of the joints with clamps continuously degrades the screen performance. Similarly, in a shielded enclosure made using adhesive tape joints, the integrity of the electromagnetic screen depends on the adhesive tape. [6]

Dezavantajele soluțiilor cunoscute sunt următoarele:The disadvantages of the known solutions are the following:

- nu folosesc spațiul integral al camerei in care se aplica;- do not use the full space of the room in which it is applied;

- nu se aplica ferestrelor existente astfel incat sa se beneficieze de lumina naturala;- does not apply to existing windows so as to benefit from natural light;

- cost ridicat;- high cost;

- se aplica in principal incintelor care urmeaza a fi construite, toate detaliile privind ecranarea si penetrarea ecranului fiind stabilite inca din faza de proiectare a clădirii in care se afla incinta care trebuie ecranata;- it applies mainly to the enclosures to be built, all the details regarding the screen and the penetration of the screen being established since the design phase of the building in which the enclosure is to be screened;

- greutate mare a ecranului electromagnetic datorita panourilor din placi PAL sau placaj;- heavy weight of the electromagnetic screen due to panels made of PAL or plywood boards;

- plăcile PAL sau din placaj se pot umfla in medii umede;- PAL or plywood boards can be swollen in moist environments;

Problema tehnica pe care o rezolva invenția consta in ecranarea electromagnetica a incintelor deja construite printr-un sistem de ecranare care implica o structura de tip modular foarte ușoara, rezistenta la umezeala, cu panouri acoperite pe ambele fete cu o folie metalica si care permite utilizarea aproape in întregime a spațiului in care se aplica (in spațiul liber dintre ecranul electromagnetic si peretele incintei de ecranat inglobanduse soluțiile de ecranare a penetrărilor si de filtrare a semnalelor care trebuie sa intre in incinta ecranata) si oferă o eficacitate a ecranarii electromagnetice (SEjb) intre 60 si 120 dB in gama de frecvente 100 kHz - 18 GHz in funcție de grosimea foliei metalice a ecranului si de soluțiile alese pentru ecranarea ferestrelor si penetrărilor si pentru filtrarea semnalelor.The technical problem to be solved by the invention consists in the electromagnetic shielding of the enclosures already constructed through a shielding system that involves a very light, moisture-resistant modular structure, with panels covered on both sides with a metal foil and allowing close use. entirely of the space in which it is applied (in the free space between the electromagnetic screen and the wall of the enclosure enclosed the solutions of screen of penetrations and filtering of the signals that must enter the enclosure enclosed) and offers an efficiency of the electromagnetic shield (SEjb) between 60 and 120 dB in the frequency range 100 kHz - 18 GHz depending on the thickness of the metal sheet of the screen and the solutions chosen for the screen of windows and penetrations and for filtering the signals.

Sistemul de ecranare electromagnetica in gama 100 kHz - 18 GHz a incintelor construite, conform invenției înlătură dezavantajele menționate prin aceea ca folosește o structura de tip modular, foarte ușoara (masa specifica de 5.7 kg/m² pentru o structura cu folie de aluminiu cu grosime 200 pm), ușor de montat, rezistenta la umezeala, cu panouri acoperite pe ambele fete cu folie metalica, care permite utilizarea aproape in întregime a spațiului incintei de ecranat in care se aplica, asigura ecranarea ferestrelor astfel incat sa se beneficieze de lumina naturala, asigura o eficacitate a ecranarii electromagnetice a 2018 00145The electromagnetic shielding system in the range 100 kHz - 18 GHz of the built enclosures, according to the invention removes the disadvantages mentioned by using a very light modular structure (specific mass of 5.7 kg / m ² for a structure with aluminum foil of thickness 200 pm), easy to install, moisture resistant, with panels covered on both sides with metal foil, which allows almost full use of the space of the enclosure where it is applied, ensures the windows are screened so as to benefit from the natural light, ensures the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 2018 00145

02/03/2018 (SEjb) intre 60 si 120 dB in gama de frecvente 100 kHz - 18 GHz (in funcție de grosimea foliei metalice a ecranului si de soluțiile alese pentru ecranarea ferestrelor si penetrărilor si pentru filtrarea semnalelor).02/03/2018 (SEjb) between 60 and 120 dB in the frequency range 100 kHz - 18 GHz (depending on the thickness of the metal sheet of the screen and the solutions chosen for screening windows and penetrations and for filtering signals).

Avantajele invenției sunt următoarele:The advantages of the invention are the following:

- folosesc aproape in totalitate spațiul incintei de ecranat (micul spațiu care ramane intre peretele incintei de ecranat si ecranul electromagnetic este folosit pentru includerea soluțiilor de ecranare a penetrărilor si de filtrare a semnalelor care trebuie sa intre in incinta ecranata);- use almost entirely the space of the enclosure (the small space that remains between the wall of the enclosure and the electromagnetic screen is used to include the solutions of screen of penetrations and filtering of the signals that must enter the enclosure);

- include o soluție pentru ecranarea ferestrelor incintei de ecranat astfel incat sa se beneficieze de lumina naturala ;- includes a solution for screening the windows of the enclosure to be screened so as to benefit from the natural light;

- cost redus;- low cost;

- acest sistem de ecranare se poate aplica si incintelor aflate in clădiri deja construite;- this shielding system can be applied to the enclosures in buildings already built;

- greutate redusa a ecranului electromagnetic datorita folosirii unor pereți compoziti cu structura de rezistenta de tip fagure - honeycomb;- reduced weight of the electromagnetic screen due to the use of composite walls with honeycomb type honeycomb resistance structure;

- ecran rezistent la medii umede datorita panourilor care au structura de rezistenta (honeycomb) confecționată dintr-un material termoplast si plăcile laterale din sticlostratitex.- screen resistant to damp environments due to panels having a resistance structure (honeycomb) made of a thermoplastic material and the side plates made of sticlostratitex.

Se da in continuare un exemplu de realizare a invenției in legătură cu figurile 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7a si b, care reprezintă:The following is an example of embodiment of the invention in relation to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7a and b, which represents:

Fig.l - Ecran electromagnetic in interiorul incintei de ecranat, conform invenției; Fig.2 - Structura peretelui ecranant, conform invenției;Fig.l - Electromagnetic screen inside the shielding enclosure, according to the invention; Fig. 2 - The structure of the shielding wall according to the invention;

Fig.3 - Profil tip H;Fig. 3 - Type H profile;

Fig.4 - Asamblarea pereților compoziti cu ajutorul profilului de tip H, conform invenției; Fig.5 - Profil de colt;Fig. 4 - Assembly of composite walls using the H-type profile, according to the invention; Fig.5 - Corner profile;

Fig.6 - Coltar montant;Fig. 6 - Coltar upright;

Fig. 7a, b - Asamblarea pereților compoziti cu ajutorul profilelor de colt si a coltarelor din profil patrat de otel, conform invenției.Fig. 7a, b - Assembly of composite walls with the help of corner profiles and square steel corners according to the invention.

Sistemul de ecranare electromagnetica in gama 100 kHz - 18 GHz a incintelor construite consta in realizarea unui ecran electromagnetic in interiorul incintei de ecranat (Fig. 1) care sa cuprindă un volum cat mai mare din incinta de ecranat iar spațiul care ramane intre ecranul electromagnetic si peretele incintei de ecranat sa permită înglobarea soluțiilor de ecranare a penetrărilor si de filtrare a diverselor semnale care trebuie sa intre in incinta ecranata pentru ca aceasta sa fie funcționala. Soluția tehnica privind ecranarea electromagnetica a incintelor deja construite consta in utilizarea unui panou(perete) compozit, avand structura de rezistenta formata dintr-o parte de volum (de tip honeycomb) si doua placi laterale din sticlostratitex. Pe fiecare fata a structurii de rezistenta este aplicata o folie de aluminiu cu grosimea de 200 pm. Asamblarea structurii de rezistenta se face in presa cu talere prevăzute cu autoasieta in vederea menținerii planeitatii si constantei dimensionale a ansamblului, cu ajutorul unui adeziv epoxidic cu întărire la cald. Structura de tip honeycomb este confecționată dintr-un material termoplast rezistent la foc. Asamblarea foliei de aluminiu pe fetele externe ale structurii de rezistenta se face cu un adeziv tip poliuretan (Fig. 2). Asamblarea pereților (inclusiv tavanul si podeaua) se realizează cu ajutorul unor profile de aluminiu, astfel:The electromagnetic shielding system in the 100 kHz - 18 GHz range of the built enclosures consists in the realization of an electromagnetic screen inside the screen enclosure (Fig. 1), which includes a larger volume of the enclosure and the space left between the electromagnetic screen and the wall of the enclosure to allow the inclusion of solutions to screen penetrations and filter the various signals that must enter the enclosure to be functional. The technical solution regarding the electromagnetic shielding of the enclosures already built consists in the use of a composite panel (wall), having the structure of resistance formed by a part of volume (of type honeycomb) and two lateral plates of sticlostratitex. On each face of the resistance structure is applied an aluminum foil with a thickness of 200 pm. The assembly of the resistance structure is done in the press with plates provided with self-assembly in order to maintain the flatness and dimensional constant of the assembly, with the help of an epoxy adhesive with hot curing. The honeycomb type structure is made of a fire-resistant thermoplastic material. The assembly of the aluminum foil on the external faces of the resistance structure is made with a polyurethane adhesive (Fig. 2). The walls (including the ceiling and the floor) are assembled using aluminum profiles, as follows:

- Pentru obținerea structurilor pereților, se utilizează un profil de tip H (Fig. 3), a 2018 00145- To obtain the wall structures, a type H profile is used (Fig. 3), of 2018 00145

02/03/2018 asamblarea facandu-se prin simpla îmbinare (interstitiere), fara adeziv sau elemente filetate (Fig. 4);02/03/2018 the assembly being done by simple joint (interstitial), without adhesive or threaded elements (Fig. 4);

- Asamblarea structurilor de perete astfel rezultate se realizează tot cu ajutorul unui profil de duraluminiu (Fig. 5) si a unor coltare (Fig. 6), asa cum se arata in Fig. 7. Pentru a asigura un foarte bun contact electric intre fetele metalice ale pereților compoziti (element crucial pentru obținerea unor ecrane care sa asigure un nivel ridicat al ecranarii electromagnetice), la îmbinări se aplica banda din folie de aluminiu cu adeziv conductiv disponibila comercial.- The assembly of the resulting wall structures is also done with the help of a duralumin profile (Fig. 5) and some corners (Fig. 6), as shown in Fig. 7. In order to ensure a very good electrical contact between the metal faces of the composite walls (crucial element for obtaining screens that ensure a high level of electromagnetic shielding), the strip of aluminum foil with commercially available conductive adhesive is applied to the joints.

Pentru ecranarea ferestrelor incintei de ecranat, in ecranul electromagnetic, conform invenției, se incorporează ferestre ecranate electromagnetic (ferestre EMC), asa cum se poate vedea in Fig. 1, realizate din placi de sticla, material acrilic sau policarbonat laminate cu o plasa de sarma foarte fina electric conductoare. Aceste ferestre ecranate electromagnetic sunt disponibile comercial la firme specializate din lume.To screen the windows of the enclosure, in the electromagnetic screen, according to the invention, electromagnetically shielded windows (EMC windows) are incorporated, as can be seen in Fig. 1, made of glass plates, acrylic or polycarbonate material laminated with a very fine electrically conductive wire mesh. These electromagnetic shielded windows are commercially available at specialized companies around the world.

Prin aplicarea sistemului de ecranare electromagnetica conform invenției, se obțin:By applying the electromagnetic shielding system according to the invention, the following are obtained:

- ecran electromagnetic cu greutate redusa (masa specifica este de 5.7 kg/m pentru ecranul cu folie de aluminiu cu grosime de 200 pm), rezistent la umezeala;- electromagnetic screen with light weight (the specific mass is 5.7 kg / m for the screen with aluminum foil with a thickness of 200 pm), resistant to moisture;

- spațiul incintei de ecranat este folosit aproape in totalitate, puținul spațiu care ramane intre ecranul electromagnetic si peretele incintei de ecranat fiind folosit pentru implementarea soluțiilor de ecranare a penetrărilor si de filtrare a semnalelor care trebuie sa intre in incinta ecranata;- the enclosure space is used almost entirely, the little space left between the electromagnetic screen and the wall of the enclosure being used for the implementation of penetration screening and filtering of the signals that must enter the enclosure;

- posibilitatea ecranarii atat a incintelor aflate in clădiri deja construite cat si a incintelor situate in clădiri care urmeaza a fi construite;- the possibility to screen both the enclosures in buildings already built and the enclosures located in buildings to be built;

- ecranarea ferestrelor incintelor de ecranat asfel incat sa se beneficieze de lumina naturala;- shielding the windows of the enclosures to be screened in such a way as to benefit from the natural light;

- valori ale eficacității ecranarii electromagnetice (SEjb) intre 60 si 120 dB in gama de frecvente 100 kHz - 18 GHz.- values of the electromagnetic shielding efficiency (SEjb) between 60 and 120 dB in the frequency range 100 kHz - 18 GHz.

Claims

Claim

Electromagnetic shielding system in the 100 kHz - 18 GHz range of built enclosures, characterized by the fact that it uses a very light modular structure (specific mass of 5.7 kg / m ² for an aluminum foil structure with a thickness of 200 pm), easy to be installed, moisture resistance, with panels covered on both sides with metal foil, which allows the use almost entirely of the space of the enclosure where it is applied, without the need to modify the electricity, water or gas supply installations. ventilation, communication systems or other installations and without piercing the wall of the screened room for mounting some filters, it ensures the screening of the windows so as to benefit from the natural light, it ensures an efficiency of the electromagnetic shielding (SEjb) between 60 and 120 dB in the range of frequencies 100 kHz - 18 GHz (depending on the thickness of the metal sheet of the screen and the solutions chosen for the window screen and penetration r and for filtering signals).