RO127120A0 - Method for making low-, normal- and high-pressure containers and pipes for the safe storage and conveyance of gases and liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for making low-, normal- and high-pressure containers and pipes for safely storing and conveying gases and liquids. According to the invention, the method consists in providing, upon construction, containers and/or pipes walls or whole volume, with a multi-layer cell-like partitioned structure having one or several points of supply and discharge (PAE1, PAE2...PAEm-1, PAEm) and groups of tight cells (1, 2...n-1), possibly having the same shape and/or volume, some internal components of different functions and/or some included systems (P) for pumping the gases and/or liquids to and/or from the adjacent cells, within each cell there being provided one or several blocks (BS, BSS) of inlet valves and outlet valves, respectively, for the stored gases and/or liquids, which can be automatic valves or can be controlled by an electric, electronic or digital block (BCS), which can possibly, but not necessarily, receive data by means of some pressure sensors (Si, Se) and/or other type of sensors which are included or not within the cells, said valves making possible that the pressure in the containers and/or pipes (p1, p2...pn-1, pn) has different values in different cells or groups of cells (1, 2...n-1, n).

Description

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONTAINERS AND CONDUCT

LOW, NORMAL OR HIGH PRESSURE FOR STORAGE AND

SAFETY TRANSPORTATION OF GAS AND LIQUIDS

The invention relates to a method for making low, normal or high pressure vessels and / or pipes intended for the safe storage and transport of gases and / or liquids.

A

For the purpose of storing and transporting gas under high pressure, the method of making containers whose walls are reinforced with polymeric fibers, glass fibers or carbon fibers is known to increase the structural strength of the walls of the container, having the disadvantage of increasing the amount of gas stored. Within the same volume and using the same material for the walls of the container, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the wall of the container, which can create dangers in case of cracking of the container due to the appearance of a high pressure gas jet with propulsive properties and / or destructive effects.

A

For the same purpose, the constructive method of making pressurized gas reservoirs is known, in which in one reservoir which can be called an external reservoir under pressure greater than the external pressure, one or more other smaller internal reservoirs are made from the construction. , connected: either successively between them, only one being connected to a supply / drain pipe, or jointly to a single supply / drain pipe, where the pressure is higher than in the outer tank depending on the difference in bearable pressure. of the walls of the inner tanks with respect to the pressure in the outer tank, with the disadvantage that there is no correlation between the volume of liquid or gas in the outer container and that of the inner containers, so that when the volume of the liquid or gas in the outer tank is small , in the case of cracking one or more of the reservoir Inner re, the pressure in the outer reservoir increases sharply to the levels at which its cracking occurs. Another disadvantage is that in case of cracking of a wall of the inner tank or of the inner tanks, the whole structure is in danger of yielding and the whole amount of liquid or stored gas is lost exactly as in the case of ordinary single-walled tanks.

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Patent application

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The technical problem that the invention solves is to present the constructive method of making the vessels and / or pipes of low, normal or high pressure cell structure.

The technical solution of the invention is that of constructing, either in the walls of the containers and / or pipes, or in their entire volume, a cellular, multilayered, compartmentalized structure, with watertight cells having without the same shape and / or volume. , internal components with different functions and / or systems for pumping gas or liquids to and / or from neighboring cells, characterized in that in each cell there are one or more blocks of inlet / drain valves for gas or liquids stored, valves that can be automated or controlled by an electrical, electronic or digital block, in accordance with a logic that ensures the distribution of pressure so as to ensure maximum resistance of the structure during both normal operation and safe management and minimum liquid losses or gas stored in the event of the breakdown of one or more cells, which can receive, without being obligatory, data by means of pressure and / or other utility sensors included or not included in the cells, valves that ensure the possibility that the pressure in containers and / or pipes has different values between cells or layers of cells .

The following are five examples of embodiments of the invention, in connection with Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5:

Figure 1 shows a vessel for storing pressurized gases having three groups of cells 1, 2, 3 superimposed, in which the gas is fed at the pressures corresponding to each group pl, p2, p3 through the BSS supply / drain valve blocks that are controlled by digital block monitoring sensors and control valves BCS. The sensors provided in the feed / drain valve blocks BSS ensure both the pressure distribution in the cells of the container so that the pressure differences required by the resistance of the walls p3> p2> pl> p0 are observed both during operation and during the transient stages of supply, draining. or at times when as a result of the cracking of a cell it is necessary to reduce the pressure from the cells immediately adjacent to the defect to levels that will ensure the functioning of the neighboring cells within the permitted safety parameters;

Figure 2 shows a container for storing pressurized gases having three groups of cells 1, 2, 3 superimposed, in which the gas is fed at the corresponding pressures (Λ-2 Ο 1 1 - Ο Ο 8 2 1 - 2 2 -G8-2911 for each group pl, ρ2, ρ3 by means of automatic BS feed / drain valve blocks. Unlike in Figure 1, in this case each cell is provided with at least two BS automatic feed / drain valve blocks, each valve block. connecting to a neighboring cell from the neighboring layers, so that based on the pressure differences at which the supply / drain valve blocks are preset, any change in pressure in one of the cells results in the corresponding change in pressure in the other cells;

Figure 3 shows a section of a cell wall in which it is possible to observe the existence of two layers 1 and 2, in which the pressures pl and p2 are provided by means of the automatic feed / drain valve blocks BS. The cells of both layers have inner walls covered with a layer of material with repair function 4, to cover any cracks that may occur in the walls of the cells, and the cells on layer 1 have additionally: a layer with fire-fighting material 5 which in case of cracking of the outer wall of the cell to release along with the liquid or gas contained and a substance that prevents or reduces the risk of fire, a layer of material that can play a role of anti-balloon, thermal, etc. 6, as well as a component with another desired function 7;

Figure 4 shows a vessel for storing pressurized gases with three overlapping compartments 1, 2, 3, in which the gas is supplied at the pressures corresponding to each compartment pl, p2, p3 by means of a pump system P controlled by the control block pumps and supervision BCS sensors based on the data received through the internal pressure sensors Si and the external temperature sensor Se;

Figure 5 shows a section of a transport pipe for toxic gases or liquids, in which the toxic substance is transported in cell layer 3, and the neutralizing liquid and / or gas is stored or transported in cell layers 1 and 2. Pressure in the three layers it differs depending on the working requirements of the neutralization reaction that takes place in case of cracking of a cell in layer 3. Feeding of layers of cells 1 and 2 can be done simultaneously through two feed points or successively through through a single point. The layer of cells 3 is fed from a separate point.

By applying the invention, the following advantages are obtained:

increases the operating safety of containers subjected to gas or liquid pressure due to the fact that bursting of one or more cells leads to leakage of liquids or

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gases only from those cells and according to the logic used in the control of the valve systems the controlled and only partial loss of liquids or gases from the neighboring cells with the broken ones which reduces the risk of releasing the whole quantity of liquid or gas from the tank as it happens in the case of conventional tanks having only one storage compartment;

allows the management of defects that can occur, safely and with minimal damage, through the controlled release of liquids or reducing the pressure of gases from cells adjacent to defects, so as to reduce the force exerted on the walls of functional cells adjacent to defective cells to levels that to ensure their functionality under conditions that comply with safety standards;

it ensures the fulfillment of the function of the container even under conditions of appearance of certain defects, that is to say, in case of breaking of one or more cells or in case of blocking of valves;

allows the construction of multi-functional structures by introducing inside some or all cells of components such as fibers for thermal protection, kevlar fibers for bullet protection, materials with automatic repair function of any cracks, substances with fire role and others;

increases the structural strength of the containers due to the fact that the walls of the cells that make up the cellular structure ensure the distribution of the forces that appear in operation and in case of damage in a three-dimensional spatial structure and not in a plane as in the case of traditional structures, which ensures a lot of rigidity. larger than the whole ensemble;

allows the design and creation of as complex shapes as possible for containers, so as to optimize the use of available space where it is limited;

allows the creation of containers and pipes that simultaneously ensure the storage and / or transport of different liquids and / or gases, which allows the storage and transport of a toxic substance and the neutralizing substance so that any leakage to the external environment of toxic substance from a a cell or group of cells is produced only by cells or groups of cells containing the neutralizing substance;

allows standardization, typing and mass production, so that parts of reservoirs composed of cell blocks whose physical, mechanical and other characteristics can be predefined and which allow the construction of reservoirs can be produced.

CV 2 0 1 to - O 9 2 1 - 2 ² -G8- 2011 different sizes and capacities with the help of standardized components, as well as the replacement in case of failure only of the blocks of defective cells;

it ensures the possibility of distributing the weight or the efforts that appear inside the container, differently in different areas of the container, which presents advantages in the case of transport by distributing the weight especially on the axes of maximum resistance of the means of transport or in the case of airplanes by emptying into differentially the fuel cells from the wings so as to ensure the best distribution of forces in various flight situations as well as in case of possible accidents such as forced landing without opening the landing gear, in which case it is convenient as external cells subject to the risk of destruction being empty and the inner ones protected to retain the fuel under increased safety conditions and with minimal leakage in case of cracking.

Claims (2)

CLAIM Method of making containers, and / or pipes of low, normal or high pressure, for the safe storage and transport of gases and / or liquids by executing in construction either in the walls of the vessels and / or pipes, or in their entire volume of a structure cellular compartmentalized, multilayered, 7, 2, 3, with watertight cells having, without being obligatory, the same shape and / or volume, internal components with different functions 4, 5, 6, 7 and / or gas pumping systems P and / or liquids to and / or from neighboring cells, characterized in that each cell has one or more blocks of BS valves, BSS inlet / outlet gas and / or stored liquids, valves that can be automated or controlled by a BCS electrical, electronic or digital block, which can receive, without being obligatory, data through pressure and / or other utility sensors including Yes or No, in the composition of the cells, valves which provide the possibility that the pressure in the vessels and / or pipes pi, p2, p3 have different values between cells or layers of cells 1, 2.3.