LU87296A1 - PNEUMATIC - Google Patents

Description

ι | Λ “7 ft 0-¾ GRAND-DUCHÉ DE LUXEMBOURG

Patent No JB ....... / ...... "jL ......... ä V" ..... ....

, AVi v <\ 1 Minister of ......... L V, rs Λ. Y \ .......................... of the Economy and the Middle Classes, (¾¾¾ Intellectual Property Service liter deliver .... .................................................. .. Êggj LUXEMBOURG.

Patent Application .................-.......................... ......................-........................... ..........................................-....... ..-................-......................-------- ----------------------- (1) I. Request

The company ..... called: The ..... GoodyearTire ..... & ..... Rubber ..... Company, 1144 East Market (2)

Street, 'Akron / Ohio 44316-000ï, represented by Weyland Joseph Jean Pierre, acting as agent ............................ .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ........................... (3) ........ ............ ............. ^ ..... ^ Ϊΐΐβί .............. ^ ........... 1900 .. ... it .............................................. ................................. ......... ^ to ...... ..... hours, at the Ministry of the Economy and the Middle Classes, in Luxembourg: 1. this request for obtaining a patent of invention concerning: ........... .........Pneumatic........................................ .................................................. .................................................. ...................... .................................................. .................................................. .. (5) 2. description in French ............................ language .......... ..................................... of the invention in triplicate; 3. .......... 3 ..................................... .................... drawing boards, in triplicate; 4. the receipt of the taxes paid to the Luxembourg Registration Office on _ ?. Z Pui3-let 1988 ...................

5. the delegation of power, dated ................. Akron ....................... ........................................ the ......... ..22nd of July. 19.88 ...................; 6. the successor document (authorization); declaring) assuming responsibility for this declaration, that the inventor (s) is (are): (6)

Thomas NH Weiter, 65, rue de Kehlen, 8295 Keispelt claims (s) for the above patent application the priority of one (s) application (s) of (7) ............ .................................................. .................................................. ............................................ filed in ( 8) ................................................ .................................................. ..................

on (9) .............................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ..........................

under N ° (10) ........................................... .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ......

in the name of (11) ............................................ .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ......................................

elect (elect) domicile for him / her and, if designated, for his / her representative, in Luxembourg ............................. .................................................. ..........

GOODYEAR GTC * L, Patent Department, 7750 Colmar-Berg is requesting the issue of a patent for the invention for the subject described and represented in the abovementioned appendices, with postponement of this issue to Q! ..... ................ ß ................................. .................................. / ____________________________________________________ month. (13)

The depositor / agent: ............................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ................ (14) / Π. Deposit Minutes

The above application for a patent for invention has been filed with the Ministry of the Economy and the Middle Classes, Service de la Propriété Int ^^ ieSeft ^ Î ^ nbourg, dated: July 27, 1988 f * '·· S \ Pr. The Minister of Economy and the Middle Classes, at ..... '51 y, / · \\\ j Le chef du serrât iela intellectual property, / -) / A 681) 07__' // __ EXPLANATIONS RELATING TO THE DEPOSIT FORM. '(1) if applicable "Application for certificate of addition to the main patent, to main patent application No ............ of ......... ... "- (2) write the names. first name, profession.

address of the applicant, when the applicant is an individual or company name, legal form, address of the head office, when the applicant is a legal person - (3) enter sfô / the name. first name, address of professional representative, industrial property attorney, with special powers, if applicable: "represents by ........... acting as representative" A £> Wr- * - (4) date of filing in full - {5) title of the invention- (6) enter the names, first names, addresses of the inventors or the indication "(see) separate designation (will follow)", when ladesi * • Sm? * gnation $ e is or will be made in a separate document, or the indication "not to mention'.when the inventor is or signing a non-mentton document to be attached to a designation -, t <

Ref .: 87018-LX

Claiming the priority of a patent application filed at / / under the N ° / DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY filed in support of a request for

PATENT

Said company: THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY 1144 East Market Street AKRON / OHIO 44316-0001, E.U.A.

Designation: TIRE v Λ ψ ^ *% t ·

PNEUMATIC

The present invention relates generally to tires for use under heavy loads, particularly tires suitable for use on an aircraft, comprising a radial carcass and two bead zones each reinforced by a bead bead, the carcass comprising at least two plies or plies, these carcass plies 5 winding around the bead bead from the inside to the outside of the tire, while the bead zones comprise a reinforcing structure with reinforcing elements extending beyond the turning parts, or supporting strips, of the carcass plies in the direction of the sidewalls of the tire. Such a tire is for example known in 10 US-A-3,774,663.

It is generally accepted in tire technology that tires with a radial carcass for use under heavy loads, and in particular tires with a radial carcass suitable for use on an airplane, are subjected to rapid cycles of notable deformations, all while supporting a significant load at the same time. The bead areas of these tires are more particularly subject to these significant deformations. The combined bending and pulling of the cables of the carcass plies during these deformations, and more particularly of the reversing parts of the carcass plies, create in the area of the heel significant values of shear stresses which can possibly cause failure. of the tire by separation or separation.

Disclosed is a tire structure with particularly durable bead zones, which offer high resistance to stresses. , {- 2 - created in the bead zone of the tire during service.

In the tire structure of the present invention, the upturn parts of the carcass plies are each surrounded by at least two textile reinforcing plies which are made of a material having an initial modulus which is lower than that of the carcass plies .

Thanks to these means, the textile reinforcement plies absorb a significant part of the shear stresses created in the upturn parts of the carcass plies during a deformation of the tire, thereby improving the life of the bead zone. tire. The tire of the present invention is characterized in that the reinforcement structure of the bead zone comprises a first reinforcement element disposed axially inside with respect to the reversal part of the carcass plies which is axially the innermost , a second reinforcing element comprising plies disposed between the reversing parts of the carcass plies and a third reinforcing element disposed axially on the outside relative to the reversing part of the carcass plies which is axially the most exterior, and in that the plies of these reinforcing elements are made of a material offering an initial modulus which is less than the initial modulus of the carcass plies.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a view in diametral section of a tire of the present invention and FIG. 2 is a view in diametral section, on a larger scale, of a bead zone of the tire of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a view in diametrical section, on a larger scale, of a bead zone of a second embodiment of a tire in accordance with invention.

Throughout the description, the terms "axial" and "axially" relate to displacements parallel to the axis of rotation of the pneuma-30 tick and the terms "radial" and "radially" (or "diametral" and "diametrically" ) relate to displacements in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire. The terms "axially interior" and "axially exterior" relate to axial positions relative to the median plane or to axial symmetry M-M. , / - 3 -

The median plane M-M is a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation and which is located midway between the heel rods.

If we refer to Fig. 1, there is shown a cross section taken through a tire for use under heavy loads, more particularly suitable for use on an aircraft. This tire comprises two annular bead zones 2, intended to bear on the bead seats and the cheeks of a wheel rim, two sidewalls 11 and a crown zone 12. The bead zones 2 and the side zones 11 are both of an identical structure and we will therefore only describe one of these areas.

1 ° the heel zone 2 comprises an annular and inextensible heel rod 3, first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9 and a stuffing structure or toe 10 made of rubber, of substantially triangular section and s' extending radially outside the heel link 3. The crown zone 12 offers a tread 15 13 coming into contact with the ground and extending all around it in the circumferential direction. This crown region 12 of the tire is reinforced by an annular belt structure 14 disposed radially outside the radial carcass 1.

The tire is further reinforced by a radial carcass 1 which comprises at least two plies or plies extending between the bead rods 3. In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, three carcass plies 4, 5, 6 extend between the bead rods 3, these plies 4, 5, 6 winding around the bead rod 3 from the inside towards the outside of the tire. These folds 4, 5, 6 preferably comprise aramid cables which form an angle with the median plane M-M in the range from 80 to 90 degrees.

When used here and in the appended claims, "aramid" is intended to mean a manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is generally accepted as being a long-chain synthetic aromatic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide bonds are attached directly to two aromatic rings. A representative compound of an aramid is a poly (p-phenyleneterephthalamide).

Referring now more particularly to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the fold ends 4 ′, 5 ′, 6 ′ of the carcass plies 4, ï t - 4 - 5, 6 are stepped and are arranged so as to ending successively further and further outward in the radial direction, going from the inside of the tire to the outside of the latter.

The annular and inextensible heel link 3 consists of metallic wires 3 ′ which are arranged in a ring offering a substantially circular cross section. The invention is not limited to the use of such heel rods and is also applicable to heel rods of a different structure and cross section.

The heel zone 2 further comprises a stuffing or tip structure 10 of rubber, consisting of a first 15 and a second 16 rubber toe strip, these two toe strips 15, 16 offering a cross section substantially triangular.

The first rubber toe strip 15 extends radially outside the heel link 3 to a height which is less than the height of the fold end 4 ′ of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6 which is axially innermost. The second rubber toe strip 16 is disposed contiguously to the first rubber toe strip 15, on its axially inner side, and extends radially outwards, from the heel link 3 to a height which is greater than the height of the radially outermost end 9C 'of the axially outermost reinforcing textile ply 9C.

The first rubber tip strip 15 is generally made of a rubber mixture having a Shore A hardness in the range of 80 ° to 95 °, while the second rubber tip strip 16 is made of a rubber mixture having a Shore A hardness in the range of 60 ° to 75 °.

Throughout this specification, the term "height" of a structural element is understood to mean the distance, in a straight line, of this element with respect to a reference point P which is located at the intersection of a plane A, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire and passes through the central line of the corresponding bead bead 3, and of the radially inner surface 17 of the bead zone 2.

This heel zone 2 is further reinforced by first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9, each ï

", I

"- 5 - textile reinforcing element comprising at least one ply or ply.

The first reinforcing textile element 7 is disposed axially inside with respect to the axially innermost turning part 4 "of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6 and, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, it comprises a single ply 7A. The second reinforcing textile element 8 comprises plies which are arranged between the turning parts 4 ", 5", 6 "of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6. As can be see from Figure 2, this second textile reinforcing element 8 comprises two plies 8A, 8B. The pleats 7A, 8A, 8B of the first and second textile reinforcing elements 7, 8 wind partially or totally around the heel link 3 and may possibly extend on the axially inner side of the heel zone 2. However, in the present case, they do not extend beyond the height of the radially outermost ply end 6 'of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6.

The third reinforcing element 9 is arranged axially outside the axially outermost turning part 6 ′ of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6 and comprises three plies 9A, 9B, 9C in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the folds of the reinforcing textile elements 7, 8, 9 are stepped and are arranged so as to terminate successively farther and farther outward in the radial direction, from the inside of the tire to the outside of it.

For effective distribution and absorption of shear stresses in the heel area, it is essential that the plies of the reinforcing textile elements 7, 8, 9 be made of a material having an initial modulus which is less than that of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6.

The Applicant has found that, for a tire comprising carcass plies comprising aramid cables, a nylon and a polyester are particularly suitable materials which can be used in the plies of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7 , 8, 9.

The initial module referred to throughout this application is the initial module as measured by the ASIM D- / - 6 - 885M test measurement from the American Society for Testing Materials. This initial module is expressed eir Newton / tex as unit. (The tex unit is used as a measure for the mass of textile threads and filaments per unit of length: 1 tex = 10 ~ 6 kg / m).

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, the plies of the reinforcing textile elements 7, 8, 9 comprise nylon cables having an initial modulus in the range of 3 to 6 Newton / tex. The carcass plies 4, 5, 6 comprise aramid cables having an initial module of between 18 and 27 Newton / tex.

As can be seen in Figure 2, the radially outermost ends 10A ', 8A', 8B ', 9A' of the plies of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9 which surround the parts of reversal 4 ”, 5", 6 "of the carcass plies 4, 5, 6 are located at a height which is greater than the height of the corresponding surrounded ply ends 4 ', 5', 6 'of the carcass plies 4, 5 , 6. Furthermore, as can be seen further in FIG. 2, the folds of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9 are stepped and are arranged so as to terminate successively more and more. further outward in the radial direction, from the axially inner side to the axially outer side of the heel area 2.

The folds of the first and second textile reinforcing elements 7, 8 comprise cables which form an angle with the median plane MM in the range 30 to 80 degrees, while the cables of the third textile reinforcing element 9 form with this median plane MM an angle lying in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.

The cables of the plies of the first and second textile reinforcing elements 7, 8 are preferably oriented so as to be substantially parallel to each other.

The cables of the adjacent textile reinforcement plies 9A, 9B, 9C of the third textile reinforcement element 9 are preferably oriented so that the cables of the central textile reinforcement ply 9B are crossed relative to the cables of its adjacent pleats 9A, 9C , which means that they are oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of the cables of its adjacent reinforcing textile elements 9A, 9C.

It is further preferred that the cables of the axially innermost ply 9 • Inner 9A of the third reinforcing element 9 are oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of the cables of the axially outermost ply 8B of the second reinforcement element 8.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the cables 5 of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9 form an angle of 45 degrees with the median plane M-M.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3, the axially outermost fold 9C of the reinforcing element 9 is wrapped around the heel rod 3 of the outside-10 laughing towards the inside of the tire up to a height which does not extend beyond the height of the bead link. This provides additional rigidity in the area of the heel link 3.

Although the invention has been presented by way of illustration in the case of a tire using textile reinforcing elements 7, 15 8, 9 comprising 1, 2 and 3 plies respectively, it is readily apparent from the above description that The invention also applies to tires using a different number of plies in each of the reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9. The number of plies used in the first, second and third reinforcing elements 7, 8, 9 depends on the size and load-bearing capacity of the tire The invention which has been described in connection with a three-ply carcass tire also applies to tires using a number of carcass plies which is different from three.

Claims (20)

1. A tire for use under heavy loads, comprising a radial carcass (1) and two bead zones (2) each reinforced by a bead link (3), the carcass comprising at least two plies (4, 5, 6), these carcass plies (4, 5, 6) being wrapped around the bead bead (3) from the inside towards the outside of the tire, while the 5 bead zones (2) comprise a reinforcement structure at reinforcing elements extending beyond the reversing parts of the carcass plies in the direction of the sidewalls of the tire, characterized in that the reinforcing structure of the bead zone (2) comprises a first reinforcing element (7) disposed axially inside with respect to the inversion part (4 ") of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6) which is inwardly axially, a second reinforcing element (8) comprising plies arranged between the parts of turning (4 ”, 5", 6 ") of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6) and a third element reinforcement t (9) disposed axially on the outside with respect to the turning part 15 (6 ") of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6) which is axially outermost, and in that the plies of these reinforcing elements (7, 8, 9) are made of a material offering an initial modulus which is lower than the initial modulus of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6). 2. A tire according to claim 1, characterized in that the carcass legs (4, 5, 6) comprise aramid cables. 3. A tire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ply ends (4 ', 5', 6 ') of the carcass plies are stepped and are arranged so as to terminate successively further and further towards the from the outside in the radial direction, from the inside of the tire to the outside of the tire. 4. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 3, characterized in that the first reinforcing element (7) comprises at least one ply (7A). 5. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one ply (8A, 8B) of the plies of the second reinforcing element (8) is disposed between each part of! '»» - 9 - turning (4 ", 5", 6 ") of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6). 6. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 5, characterized in that the third reinforcing element (9) comprises at least one ply (9A, 9B, 9C). 7. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 6, characterized in that the radially outermost ends (7A1, 8A ', 8B1, 9A1) of the plies (7A, 8A, 8B, 9A) of the first, second and third reinforcing textile elements (7, 8, 9) are arranged at a height which is greater than the height of the ends of 10 folds (4 ', 5', 6 ') of the turning parts (4 ", 5", 6 " ). 8. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 7, characterized in that the plies of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements (7, 8, 9) are stepped and are arranged so as to terminate successively more and more. further outward in the radial direction, from the axially inner side to the axially outer side of the heel area (2). 9. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 8, characterized in that the plies of the first and second textile reinforcing elements (7, 8) comprise cables which form an angle with the median plane (MM) in the range of 30 to 80 degrees. 10. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 9, characterized in that the plies of the third reinforcing textile element (9) comprise cables which form an angle with the median plane (MM) in the range of 30 at 60 degrees. 11. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 10, characterized in that the cables of the plies of the first and second textile reinforcing elements (7, 8) are oriented so as to be substantially parallel to each other. 12. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 11, characterized in that the cables of a ply of the third reinforcing textile element (9) are oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of the cables of its adjacent plies in this element reinforcing textile (9). 13. Tires for use under heavy loads according to. - 10 - Claim 12, characterized in that the cables of the axially innermost ply (9A) of the third reinforcing element (9) are oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of the cables of the axially outermost ply (8B) of the second reinforcing element (8). 14. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 11, characterized in that the plies of the first and second textile reinforcing elements (7, 8) are wound partially or completely around the bead link (3). 15. A tire for use under heavy loads according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plies of the first, second and third textile reinforcing elements (7, 8, 9) comprise nylon cables. 16. A tire for use under heavy loads according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the bead zone (2) comprises a rubber toe structure (10) with a substantially triangular cross section and extending radially towards the exterior, from the bead bead (3) to the sidewall area (11) of the tire, characterized in that this rubber point structure (10) comprises a first (15) and a second (16) point strips in rubber having a substantially triangular cross section and extending radially outward from the heel link (3). 17. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 16, characterized in that the first rubber toe strip (15) extends radially outwards from the bead link (3), up to a height which is less than the height of the axially innermost ply end (4 ') of the carcass plies (4, 5, 6). 18. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 17, characterized in that the first rubber tip strip (15) consists of a rubber mixture having a Shore A hardness in the range of 80 ° to 95 ° . 19. A tire for use under heavy loads according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the second rubber tip strip (16) extends radially outwards from the bead wire. heel (3) up to a height which is 4 - 3 "* 9 - 11 - greater than the radially outermost end (9C ') of the fold. _ axially outermost reinforcement (9C). 20. A tire for use under heavy loads according to claim 19, characterized in that the second rubber tip strip (16) consists of a rubber mixture having a Shore A hardness in the range from 60 ° to 75 °.