LU83853A1 - TITANIUM-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS FOR PACKAGING PLANTS - Google Patents

Description

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The present invention relates to compositions containing titanium for the conditioning of plants, which have increased physicochemical and biological activity.

It is well known that titanium plays an important role in the vital processes of plants.

It is also known that although titanium is present in the soil in high concentrations, it is not available to plants because the water-insoluble titanium salts cannot exercise their biological activity.

According to Hungarian Patent No. 170,693, a solution containing tetravalent titanium ions is reacted with ascorbic acid to give a titanium complex usable for the treatment of plants. Ascor-15 bic acid is present in the solution in excess with respect to titanium, at a factor of between 50 and 200. However, the stability of aqueous solutions containing ascorbic acid in an excess suitable for treatment of plants is not satisfactory. According to microbiological tests, for example, the Clestridium botulinum, Aspergillus niger, Lactobacillus lactis, Clostridium bytilicum, Thermobacterium mobile strains decompose the ascorbic acid used to form the complexes. It is assumed that the presence of titanium increases this effect. On the other hand, the titanium sprayed on the surface of leaves in the form of a thin layer can be easily inactivated by the effects of the environment and therefore during the growing season, the frequency of treatments must be considerably increased to ensure the desired effect.

Due to the high labor costs and energy consumption, this has a negative effect on the economics of the process.

The invention relates to a new composition containing titanium for conditioning plants, which is free from the above drawbacks, i.e. in% -2- in which the tetravalent titanium is resistant to oxidation even in very dilute solution, in the presence of a significant excess of ascorbic acid, after spraying over a large area. The new compositions are also resistant to microorganisms.

According to the invention, to solutions containing tetravalent titanium ions and a significant excess of acid = ascorbic, at least 0.01% by weight of one or more compounds chosen from the following group is added: sorbic acid and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, salicylic acid and its salts, propionic acid and its salts, p-nitrobenzoic acid and its salts and hexamethylene tetramine. The percentage amount of the above additives is related to the solids content of the composition.

Ascorbic acid is used in excess at a factor of between 20 and 200 compared to titanium. The stabilizers indicated above are added to the composition up to a concentration of 25% by weight, but at a concentration exceeding 2% by weight their activity is increased to a relatively small extent and therefore it is generally not economical increase their quantity above this concentration.

It is a considerable advantage of the compositions according to the invention that, due to their increased stability, the frequency of the treatments can be reduced or, if the frequency of the treatments is not modified, the activity is increased by 5 to 8% compared to known compositions which do not contain stabilizers. The compositions can be stored for a long time without significant loss of activity, despite their high concentration of ascorbic acid, even in very dilute aqueous solutions.

The compositions according to the invention comprise, in addition to tetravalent titanium ions and an excess of ascorbic acid in a proportion of between 20 and 200 relative to titanium, and possibly other conventional additives, at least 0.01% by weight of one or more compounds chosen from the following group: sorbic acid, benzoic acid, p-hydroxy-benzoic acid, propionic acid, salts of these compounds and hexamethylenetetramine optionally mixture with trace elements and / or plant nutrients. Trace elements include magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum and boron while the term "plant nutrients" is used to refer to conventional fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPhP), suspensions, etc. ·

When preparing the compositions, a tetravalent titanium salt is dissolved in water at a desired concentration, ascorbic acid is added in a desired excess and the pH of the solution is preferably adjusted to about 5.

To the solution obtained, one or more of the 20 additives indicated above are added. In the absence of these additives, the surface of the liquid is already covered with colonies of microorganisms after 2 weeks. The microorganisms decrease the concentration of active ingredient in the solution and make normal use of the solutions impossible. The additives according to the invention inhibit the development of colonies of microorganisms and hand-1 consequently keep the solutions in a suitable state for use for a long period and at the same time give an increase of 5 to 8% in the 30 crop yield compared to solutions having the same concentration of active ingredient, but not containing the additives according to the invention. This increase in yield is due to the increased microbiological resistance.

Micro-foods and macro-elements and phyto-hormones when added in a given amount to the titanium complex tetravalent with ascorbic acid accelerate plant growth.

Macro-food and micro-food compositions, when applied to plants at a low dose by foliar application or spraying or used for seed treatment have considerable influence on plant development, accelerate absorption micro-foods, promote the action of phyto-hormones below the toxic threshold.

The compositions for conditioning plants according to the invention comprise from 0.1 to 15.0% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 15.0% by weight of a titanium-ascorbic acid chelate which contains from 14 to 28 moles of ascorbic acid per gram atom of tetravalent titanium ions 15 whose pH is adjusted between 5 and 7, from 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight of a biochemically essential nutritive substance per part in weight of tetravalent titanium ions or a combination of such nutrients and / or 0.001 to 0.01% of one or more phyto-hormones and at least 0.01% by weight of one or. several of the compounds chosen from the following group: sorbic acid and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, p-nitro-benzoic acid and its salts, propionic acid and its salts, hexamethylene tetramine, relative to the total weight of the solid ingredients, optionally in combination with wetting agents, adhesives or other conventional additives.

As a nutrient, the composition preferably contains boron, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, molybdenum or a soluble salt of these elements. Macro-foods include water-soluble nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

The phyto-hormone components of the compositions can be auxins, gibberellins, cyclo-quinines, hetero-auxins (alpha-naphthylacetic acid -5-beta-indolylacetic acid), etc. Phyto-hormones include 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its salts. The compositions contain from 1000 to 2000 ppm of ascorbic acid in a liter of solution and the quantity of ascorbic acid relative to the tetravalent titanium is between 50,000 and 100,000 ppm. As an additional additive, one or more of the stabilizers indicated above are added to the solution. As regards the trace elements, the compositions may contain, for example 1000 ppm of boron, 500 ppm of manganese, 500 ppm of zinc, 1000 ppm of magnesium and 500 ppm of iron per 1000 ppm of tetravalent titanium, in the form water-soluble salts. The compositions may contain, for example, 25 ppm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 10 ppm giberellic acid or similar additives per 1000 to 2000 ppm titanium.

The plant protection compositions according to the invention can be prepared by dissolving a water-soluble salt of tetravalent titanium, for example titanium tetrachloride or sodium titanate and 14 to 28 moles of ascorbic acid per atom. gram of titanium in water, adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution to a level of 5 to 7 and adding the aqueous solution of micro- and macro-foods to the solution obtained. Wetting agents or suitable adhesives and stabilizers can be added to this solution. The stabilizers stabilize the concentration of titanium and trace elements on the surface of the plants, which have been sprayed with the compositions.

The compositions according to the invention are generally applied to plants by spraying. Experimental observations show that the nutrients penetrate into the chloroplasts of the leaves and as a result the photosynthetic and enzymatic activities are increased.

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In field trials and greenhouse experiments under controlled conditions (for example with lighting), it has been established that the use of the compositions according to the invention accelerates the absorption of biochemically essential nutritive substances. The absorption of magnesium / manganese, iron and zinc plays an important role in photosynthesis, has a direct influence on the yield of fruit trees and cereals and also increases the food value.

10 When spraying papilionaceae and herbs, the presence of molybdenum, and when treating beets the presence of boron increases crop yields, improves the conditions for carbohydrate formation and has an advantageous effect on the 15 formation of cell walls. In the case of nutrient-poor soils, it is advantageous to also incorporate water-soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds in the compositions for conditioning plants according to the invention.

Low concentrations of phyto-hormones and herbicides with hormonal activity considerably increase the growth of young plants, seedlings, and promote the growth of shoots and buds.

The optimal doses of the compositions for conditioning plants according to the invention depend on the varieties of plants to be treated. When treating vegetables in their growing season, doses of 5 to 10 liters per hectare can be used 3 or 4 times. To treat 30 grains after flowering, a single dose of 1 liter per hectare is usually sufficient. If young plants are treated from their 3-4 leaf stage every 10 days, their development is effectively increased.

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Spraying can be done by airplanes, helicopters or sprayers. Before use, the compositions are diluted with water to the desired concentration and they are used at a rate of 1 to 5 5 liters per hectare, depending on the mode of application. From an economic point of view, it is recommended to link the treatments with the present compositions to other plant protection works. The compositions according to the invention are compatible with any neutral or weakly acidic plant protection agent.

The preparation and use of the compositions according to the invention are illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1 A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1 g of titanium and 100 g of ascorbic acid are dissolved in water. The solution is made up to 1 liter, the pH is adjusted to 5 and 1 g of salicylic acid is added. The susceptibility of conservation of the above composition is at least 20 2 years.

To the above composition is added a soluble ammonium salt corresponding to 3% by weight of nitrogen, phosphoric acid corresponding to 4% by weight of phosphoric anhydride and a potassium salt corresponding to 25 5% by weight of O, the percentages being taken relative to the total weight of the solution. The storage susceptibility of the composition is identical to that of the above composition, but it also contains essential nutrients in addition to the constituents used for conditioning plants.

The activity of the composition described above was tested on wheat (Rana-1) in the growing season, at a dose of 3 x 1 g titanium / ha. The yield of the treated plants was compared with that of the untreated control. The following results were obtained.

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Yield 102 kg / ha_%

Wheat treated with above composition 47.25 121.4 5 Untreated control 38.93 100.0

Example 2

A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1 g of titanium and 100 g of ascorbic acid are dissolved in water. The solution is made up to 1 liter and the pH is adjusted to about 5. 2 g of ferrous sulfate are added to the solution. The composition under normal conditions can be stored for about 2 years without any loss of activity. The activity of the composition was determined in field trials on corn to be ensiled.

The silage corn was treated with the above composition at a dose corresponding to 3 x 1 g titanium / ha. The results obtained are given in the following table.

Yield_%

Corn silage treated with the above composition 486.0 119.0 Untreated control 408.0 100.0

Example 3

A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1 g of titanium and 95 g of ascorbic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of water. The solution is made up to 1 liter, the pH is adjusted to approximately 5 and 0.5 g of sodium benzoate is added. The composition obtained can be stored for more than 2 years without any loss of activity.

The activity of the composition was determined in corn germination tests (variety TC 3344 / a). The following treatments were carried out: Control I: untreated control Control II: control treated with a composition containing the above ingredients except sodium benzoate Test solution: the composition prepared according to the present example -9-

The compositions were used at the same dose as in Example 1.

The results obtained are shown in the following table.

5 Average length = stems, cm_% Control I 4.09 100.0 Control II 4.65 113.7

Test solution 4.74 115.9 The same test was repeated in the fields on silage corn. The following results were obtained.

Yield 102 kg / ha_% Control I 406.0 100.0 15 Control II 471.0 116.0

Test composition 484.0 119.2

Example 4

A water soluble compound of tetravalent titanium corresponding to 1 g of titanium and 105 g of ascorbic acid are dissolved in water. The solution is made up to 1 liter, the pH is adjusted to about 5 and 0.1% by weight of magnesium, 0.05% by weight of iron, 0.05% by weight of manganese, 0.05% are added. weight of zinc, 0.02% by weight of molybdenum and 0.05% by weight of boron, in the form of water-soluble salts. The composition retains its initial activity for more than two years.

Example 5

A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1000 ppm of titanium, 100,000 ppm of ascorbic acid, 500 ppm of manganese, 500 ppm of zinc and 700 ppm of iron in the form of water-soluble salts are dissolved in water and the solution is made up to 1 liter. The pH is adjusted to 5 and 0.5 g of sodium benzoate and 1000 ppm of sodium lignin sulfonate (wetting agent) are added.

The composition obtained is diluted to a coefficient of 200 for treating paprika and diluted to a coefficient of -10 to 500 to 1000 for treating apple trees. The paprika is treated at a 4 to 5 leaf stage, three times, by spraying. Spray the apple trees when the petals fall and repeat the treatment 5 more times, in the third and in the sixth week. Peach, apricot, pear and cherry trees can also be treated effectively in a similar manner. The results obtained on paprika and on apple trees, respectively, are presented in the following tables.

Paprika essay

Treatment Average weight Pieces / Acid content kg / plant% 100 plants% ascorbic _mg / 100 g_% 15 Control 7.46 100.0 280 100.0 72 100.0

Treaty 9.19 123.5 324 115.7 266 369.4

Test on apple trees

Variety and processing Yield · Glucose content _kg / ha _% _% _ 20 Starking Control 3,540 100.0 9.1

Treaty 5960 168, 3 9.8

Jonathan Witness 7,262 100.0 8.3

Treaty 11,066 152.3 10.6

Example 6 A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1000 ppm of titanium, a molar excess with a coefficient 28 of ascorbic acid and 0.5 g of salicylic acid are dissolved in water and the solution is made up to 1 liter. The pH is adjusted to 5 and 10 ppm of gibberellic acid and 2000 ppm of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (wetting agent) are added.

NOT

The composition obtained was tested in wheat germination tests and was used to treat plants of Saintpaulia ionantha. Wheat seeds were treated with a solution containing 0.02 ppm titanium. The plants of Saintpaulia ionantha were treated with a 0.2% dilution of the above solution every ten days, twice in total.

The results obtained are given in the following tables.

Wheat germination test 5 Variety and treatment Average length of plants, cm _% _

Lublajnaja Witness 10.46 100.0

Treaty 12.18 116.4

Test on Saintpaulia ionantha 10 Treatment Diameter of plants Substance Formation (average of 100 dry bulbs _plants) cm _% _% _ Control 15.75 3.96 23

Treated 21.20 4.58 48 The results show that the wheat seeds treated with the compositions according to the invention germinated in a shorter time and that the development of the treated Saintpaulia ionantha plants was accelerated compared to the control seeds and control plants, respectively. The same growth acceleration effect can be observed when treating ornamental plants.

Treated plants flower earlier and therefore can be sold about 2 weeks earlier than control plants.

25 Example 7

A tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 2000 ppm of titanium and 100,000 ppm of ascorbic acid are dissolved in 1 liter of water. 0.5 g of sodium benzoate and 500 ppm of a water-soluble molybdenum salt and 1000 ppm of polyethylene-polypropylene block copolymer (wetting agent) are added. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 5.

Alfalfa seedlings at the 5 to 6 leaf stage were treated with the above compositions once before each cut, at a dose of 2 liters per hectare.

Peas were treated with the above composition during the growth and at the first with a dose of 2 liters per hectare, twice in total. Grass was sprayed with 1 liter per hectare of the above composition once. The results of the above treatments are presented in the following tables.

Pea processing

Variety and processing Yield fineness Sucrose kg / ha% average% _ (T) _ 10 Puget Control 4,450 100.0 140.5 5.35

Treaty 5,250 118.0 127.5 5.88

Grüne Witness 4210 100.0 136.2 5.35

Treated 5260 124.9 123.8 5.75 • Es-sai on alfalfa 15 Trai- Weight with Protein Content Protein Content in green state raw dry digestible substance starch _kg / m3_g / hg_g / kg_g / kg_g / kg Control 1.25 905 128 93 301

Treated 1.87 915 171 124 316 20 Grass test

Treatment Yield Crude protein Starch content _kg / ha% _g / kg_g / kg_ Control 4300 100.0 46 110

Treated 6500 151.2 47 106 25 The above results show that the yield and the fineness of the peas are greatly improved by the treatment according to the invention.

In the case of alfalfa, in addition to improving the quantitative and qualitative characteristics, the number of roots is also considerably increased and the activity of the nitrogenase enzyme is accelerated. When spraying the grass, a remarkable increase in green mass can be observed while the protein and starch contents remain substantially unchanged.

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Example 8

A water-soluble tetravalent titanium salt corresponding to 1000 ppm of titanium and 900,000 ppm of ascorbic acid is dissolved in water and the solution is made up to 1 liter. The pH of the solution is adjusted to 5 and 25 ppm of sodium salt of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid, 0.5 g of sodium benzoate and of sodium salt of petroleum sulfonic acid (agent) are added. wetting).

With the composition obtained, after dilution, vine plants are sprayed three times during their growing season. The results are presented in the following table:

Test on the vine

Variety and treatment Glucose Ratio 15 _g / 100 ml% _sugar / acid "Treasure of Pannonia" Control 8.0 100.0 13.2

Treaty 9.4 117.5 19.2 "Italian riesling" 20 Witness 12.6 100.0 15.1

Treaty 17.6 139.6 28.3

The above results show that the treatment increases the carbohydrate content of the grapes and therefore the sugar / acid ratio is increased as well.

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Claims (5)

1. Composition for conditioning plants containing a titanium-ascorbic acid chelate, essentially for foliar spraying or seed treatment, characterized in that it comprises from 0.1 to 5 15.0% by weight of a titanium chelate -ascorbic acid - containing from 14 to 28 moles of ascorbic acid per atom- * gram of titanium, whose pH is adjusted between 5 and 7, from 0.1 to 2.0 parts of one or more biochemically essential nutritive substances and / or from 0.0001 to 0.001 10 parts of one or more phyto-hormones per part of titanium and at least 0.01% by weight of one or more compounds chosen from the following group: sorbic acid and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, p-nitro-benzoic acid and its salts, propionic acid and its salts, hexamethylenetetramine, based on the total weight of the solid ingredients, optionally in combination with wetting agents, adhesives and / or others conventional additives. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, as biochemically essential nutritive substance, a water-soluble salt of boron, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc or molybdenum. 3. Composition according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises, as a biochemically essential nutrient, a fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. 4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, as phyto-hormones, auxins, gibberellins, cytochinins and heteroauxins, for example alpha-naphthylacetic acid or beta-naphthylacetic acid. 5. Composition according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that it comprises 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid or its salts as phyto-hormone.