LU82761A1 - LIQUID INSECTICIDE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS - Google Patents

Description

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LIQUID INSECTICIDE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS

The present invention relates to liquid insecticide compositions; it relates more particularly to compositions containing, as active principle (pa), one or more pyrethroTdes obtained by synthesis and containing, as main vehicle, unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable oils, polyoxyethylated unsaturated fatty acids or vegetable oils poly-oxyethylated, alone or in mixtures of two or more of them.

10 Pyrethrum is an insecticide of natural origin which is provided with very positive properties such as high insecticidal activity and very low% toxicity to mammals.

This naturally occurring pyrethrum is however very easily oxidized by air in the presence of light (photo-oxidation) and is therefore easily degraded; it cannot therefore be suitable for agricultural applications.

Many compounds have already been prepared which are distinguished from natural pyrethrum by a partially modified structure, but which have nevertheless retained its insecticidal action and its low toxicity for mammals, the molecule of which moreover has sufficient resistance to the effects of light to can be used in the agricultural sector.

Some of these known compounds (synthetic pyrethroids) have the properties mentioned above; however, the problem of photo-oxidation has not been completely resolved, so it has proven to be extremely important to develop formulations which protect molecules as much as possible from photo-oxidation while giving rise to to a persistent insecticidal action.

It is moreover necessary that the insecticidal compositions have neither a phytotoxic action nor an irritant action for the eyes.

Conventional formulations, consisting of the active ingredient, an organic solvent * and a surfactant, cannot give the active ingredient a persistent action * * 30 and, moreover, are sources of serious irritation caused to the eyes.

Belgian patent N ° 861,368 (I.C.I.) describes a liquid, emulsifiable formulation for synthetic pyrethroids comprising as main vehicle a mineral oil (white oil).

This formulation is found to be very slightly irritating to the eyes but does not give the pyrethroids a sufficiently persistent character.

Mineral oils, moreover, can cause phytotoxicity phenomena (cf. the workbook Pesticide Manual, 5th edition, page 407, 1977).

1>! ’2

We know that some of the vegetable oils have a synergistic action on natural pyrethrins [Pyrethrum Post 13 (3), 82 (1976)]

In general, the effect of the products which confer a synergistic action on natural pyrethrins (such as for example piperonyl butoxide) becomes practically negligible with synthetic pyrethroids [Pesticide Science, 10, page 32 (1979)].

The tests carried out by the applicant have confirmed that the vegetable oils also do not give rise to a synergistic action with the synthetic pyrethroids (cf. example 10).

However, they have also surprisingly made it possible to note that vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids, polyoxyethylated or not, and polyoxyethylated glycerides, give synthetic pyrethroids a high persistence character.

The subject of the present invention is liquid insecticide compositions comprising as active principle (pa) one or more synthetic pyrethroids and as main vehicle unsaturated fatty acids, optionally polyoxyethylated, vegetable oils or (! Mono-, di - or tri-glycerides of unsaturated polyoxyethylated fatty acids or mixtures of at least two of these compounds.

| The compositions forming the subject of the present invention contain! furthermore, small amounts of surfactants and possibly! small amounts of organic solvents, UV stabilizers and / or antioxidants.

; The aforementioned compositions give the active principle a charac-! 25 high persistent mother; they are not phytotoxic and are very few | irritating to the eyes.

j. The synthetic pyrethroids which constitute the active principle! * (called herein p.a.) of the compositions covered by the | m present invention, have the following general formula: | 30 -R1! \ R - C - 0 - CH - ((J /! ·! "; 35 X- '\

In which; R1 is CN, -C ξ CH or H, and! . 3 H3C CHs h = F ch, \ /

\ X A

R2 CH R4 / \, - pr1-1- »y _ \ _ -; with: R2 = H, halogen, R3 = H, halogen, CH3, CF3, n = 0 or 1 R “= H, CH3, 0-alkyl, 0-aryl, R6 R7 15 R5 = H, CH3, R6—- C —CH—, \ = CH-, R8 — C = C— R6 R6 R7 where R6 (identical or different) = halogen, R7 (identical or different) = halogen, 20 S-alkyl, S-aryl, CX3 (X = halogen); R8 = halogen, CF3

Some synthetic des-pyrethroids of general formula (I) are described in the work "Synthetic pyrethroids", (H. El 1iot Editor, ACS Symposium Serial No. 42, Washington 1977); others are described in the 25 Belgian patents n ° 858 137 (Bayer), German (published application) n ° 2 802 962 (ICI) European n ° 345 (Bayer), Belgian n ° 863 840 (Ciba-Geigy) or in Italian patent applications Nos. 20,713 A / 78 and 20,853 A / 79 in the name of the applicant.

The pyrethroids of general formula (I), which form the active principle (p.a.) are contained in the compositions which are the subject of the invention, in proportions of between 1 "and 50% by weight.

Preferably, they are used in amounts of between about 10 and 20% by weight. Pure compounds are just as suitable as compounds of technical purity.

The main vehicle, as indicated above, is essentially formed from unsaturated fatty acids, optionally polyoxyethylated, vegetable oils, mono-, di- or triglycerides of polyoxyethylated fatty acids. unsaturated or mixtures of two or more of the above components.

As fatty acids can be mentioned: ricinoleic acid, commercial grade oleic acid, olein (high purity oleic acid), linoleic acid, etc. As vegetable oils falling within the scope of the invention are particularly suitable: sunflower oil olive oil, peanut oil, corn oil, linseed oil, / l sesame oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, hemp seed oil, pine essence and more generally any oil from seed plants.

As examples of polyoxyethylated fatty acids or glycerides of polyoxyethylated fatty acids, there may be mentioned: polyoxyethylated castor oil, polyoxyethylated glyceryl oleate, polyoxyethylated coconut oil, acid polyoxyethylated oleic and more generally products formed of unsaturated polyoxyethylated fatty acids or glycerides of unsaturated polyoxyethylated fatty acids containing a number of moles of ethylene oxide between 5 and 50 per mole of fatty acid or glycerides.

The vehicle can be used in compositions forming the subject of the invention, in proportions of between 30¾ and 80¾ by weight, and preferably between 50 and 80% by weight.

A third constituent of compositions according to the invention may consist of an anionic or nonionic surfactant, the presence of which is however not necessary when the vehicle is at least partially formed of a polyoxyethylenated unsaturated fatty acid or of glycerides 25 polyoxyethylated.

As examples of surfactants, mention may be made of: "Emulson 7B" (trade name of the company R0L) formed from polyo-xyethylated nonylphenol; "Sétrolêne 0" (trade name of the company R0L) formed of polyoxyethylated sorbitan oleate; "Agrol Ca / 1" (trade name 30 from the company R0L) formed from calcium alkylbenzensulfonate; "Soprofor i, M52" (trade name of the company GER0MAZZ0), formed of a mixture of lauryl ether polyoxyethylë and calcium alkylbenzensulfonate (80/20); j = "Setrolëne S" (trade name of Company R0L), formed of stearate | polyoxyethylated sorbitan.

| The surfactant is used in the compositions according to the present invention in proportions of between 0.5 and 23% by weight.

Concentrations of surfactants close to the highest extreme value 5 are used when it is desired to have a composition intended to be diluted with water (reliable 6mulsi concentrate).

Low concentrations of surfactants, on the contrary, are only used when it is desired to use the insecticide composition such as (formulation of the ULV type is of ultra low volumes).

To the compositions which are the subject of the invention, other non-essential constituents can be added such as for example a small amount of organic solvent (5 to 30% by weight) to reduce the viscosity of the formulation. and to increase the solubility of some of the active ingredients in the main vehicle, optionally UV stabilizers and / or antioxidants (0 to 5% by weight in total).

As solvent, it is possible to use mixtures of alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons such as for example: commercial quality xylol or the series of solvents known as "Shellosol" (trade name of SHELL) or series known as "Solvesso" (trade name of 'ECSO CO), made up of mixtures of ethyl, dimethyl and tetramethylbenzene.

UV stabilizers used in general belong to the class of benzophenone derivatives and esters of 2,2-20 diphenyl-1-cyano-acrylic acid (diphenyl-methylidene-malonate mononitrile).

Among these, there may be mentioned: 2-hydroxy-4'-octyloxy-benzophenone of formula:

OH

25 JJ - ° --CH3 0 2-ethylhexyl ester of l-cyano-2,2-diphenyl ~ acrylic acid of formula: „30

C6H5 ·· CN

\ /. CC rh / \ 'j C6Hs coo —CH2 — CH (CH2) 3-CH 3 £ l · * 6: The most commonly used antioxidants belong to the class of 2,6-diterbutyl-phenols having a substituent in position 4 of formula ^

I R \ O / 0H

in which 'R has various meanings among which: ί s CH3, tert.-butyl, -CH2-CH2-C0-0-C18-H37 or

i * -CH2-CH2-C0-0-CH2-C (CH2-0-C0-CH2-CH

! The compositions according to the invention can have the following composition: (expressed in weight proportions) A - active principle (pyrethroids) 1-50¾ B - vehicle (unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable oils, polyoxyethylated unsaturated fatty acids, polyoxyethylated glycerides) 30-80¾ c - surfactant 0.5-20¾ i D solvent 5-30¾! E - UV stabilization agent and / or? antioxidants 0-5% By way of examples of compositions capable of being used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of the following compositions (the proportions are given by weight): * 1.- A (pa): 50 %, 'B (vehicle): 50% 2. - A (pa): 10% B (vehicle): 80% C (surfactant): 10% 3. - A (pa): 10% B (vehicle ): 65% Λ C (surfactant): 10% 0 (solvent): 15%

S

§ 7 4.- A (pa): 1% B (vehicle): 80¾ C (surfactant): 0.5¾ D (solvent): 18.5% 5 5.- A (pa): 50% B (vehicle): 35% * 5 C (surfactant): 10% D (solvent): 5% * 6.- A (pa): 20% B (vehicle): 50% C (surfactant) : 20% D (solvent): 10% 7. - A (pa): 10% 15 B (vehicle): 63.5% C (surfactant): 10% D (solvent): 15% E (stabilizer UV): 1.5% 8. - A (pa): 10% ^ B (vehicle): 63%. C (surfactant): 10% D (solvent): 15% E (antioxidant) 2% The preparation of the compositions described above does not require any particular operation.

The compositions containing only the constituents A, B, C and optionally D, are prepared by simple mixing without preferential order and at room temperature.

The compositions additionally containing the constituent E are prepared by dissolving first of the latter in the solvent D then by mixing of all the other constituents without pre-established order.

The compositions according to the present invention can be used as such or, for example, modified by L.V. techniques. (low volume) 35 or ULV (ultra low volume) to form a base for the preparation of aqueous emulsions 1 according to known aerosol techniques by addition of suitable propellants or after absorption on a solid support for $ 8 : rl · be put in the form of dust, wettable powders or! granules.

The amount of this composition to be used in the context of insecticidal applications depends mainly on the relative effectiveness of the particular active ingredient employed. It also depends on other factors such as the nature, importance and topographic situation of the parasitosis to be combated (agricultural crop, greenhouse, domestic environment), climatic conditions, precipitation and the method of application used.

In all cases, the amount of composition used must be sufficient to allow the distribution of an insecticide-effective amount of the particular active ingredient contained in said composition.

| Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading S 15 of the following description and examples given without implied limitation.

| EXAMPLE 1! 10g of 3-phenoxy-benzylic ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (ß-chloro-; -β-trifluoromethyl) vinyl-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (pyrethroid 1) are dissolved in 80g of sunflower oil and then supplemented with 10 g of surfactant 20 having the following composition: s "Emulsion 7B" (4.2 g) "Setrolene 0" (2.8 g) "Agrol Ca / 1" (3.0 g) EXAMPLE 2 From of the same active principle (pa) of composition No. 1 (Example 1) and by simple mixing of the constituents, compositions 2 i to 12 are prepared, indicated in table I below, in which also! mentioned the composition of example 1).

EXAMPLE 3 * 30 Evaluation of persistence using the residual activity method.

The compositions subjected to this test are diluted in tap water until emulsions containing 0.002% by weight are obtained.

35 Using the emulsions thus obtained, castor seedlings are treated which are kept in the open air under the climatic conditions which prevailed in the Milan region in May 1979.

At the times indicated in Table II, the leaves of the plants s. treated are infested in the laboratory with larvae of Spodoptera - "py.

littoralis.

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If 10 i | TABLE II_, Residual activity with regard to larvae of Spodoptera littorales expressed I as a percentage of mortality.

Re-infestation after (number of days)

'· T COMPOSITION

j * N ° 0 10 15 20 28 35, (cf. ex. 2), 1 100 100 100 100 93 36 2 100 100 100 100 90 3 100 100 100 100 85 63 4 100 100 100 100 5 100 100 100 93 95 6 100 100 100 97 100 40 7 100 100 100 97 100 8 100 100 100 100 94 9 100 100 100 87 90 10 (1> 100 100 100 83 70 11 11 (1) 100 100 100 77 73 3 12i2> 100 - 87 53 37 0 13 100 100 43 33 20 0 pa in a hydro hydro mixture.

aeetonique 100 83 46 17 0 0 -il -_____

NOTE

, a dash (-) means that the test will not have been performed; Ι (1) composition according to Belgian patent n ° 861.568 (HERE); ί to (2) classic composition with aromatic solvents.

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fT

11

T_A_B_L_E_AJJ______III

\ (1)

,, \ COMPOSITION

• \ n ° 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 CONSTITUENT% \ j * ~~ _ _____ ^ __________

Pyrethroid 1 10 20

Pyrethroid 2 10 20

Pyrethroid S 10 20

Pyrethroid 4 10 20

Xylol 15 15 15 15 70 70 70 70 sunflower oil 65 65 65 65

Setrolene 'S' 7777

Emulsion 7 B 7 777

Agrol Ca / l 3 3333333

NOTE

1) The compositions n ° 18 to 21 are conventional (as for the p.a, ^ the aromatic solvent and the active surfactant j

S

.Μ 12 ί approximately 48 days after the start of the infestation, the larval mortality rate j is determined.

| The results obtained are recorded in Table II above J and are expressed as a percentage of mortality.

5 By way of comparison, some of the plants are sprayed with the non-associated active principle in the form of a formulation according to the invention, in hydroacetonic solution (the water / acetone ratio being 90/10 and the concentration * of active principle being 0.002¾ .

v, The comparison of the results recorded in Table II which relate to compositions containing all the same proportions of active principle (pa), shows very clearly that the compositions in accordance with the present invention give the active principle a high persistent character. , very much higher than that to which the conventional compositions lead (12 and 13) than to that to which the compositions lead (10 and 15 11) according to Belgian patent 861 368.

EXAMPLE 4 | By operating according to the same operating methods as those indicated in Example 1, the compositions indicated in Table III are prepared, in which the active principle is one of the compounds of; 20 list below: - 3-phenoxy-benzyl-ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (3-chloro- - - ß-trifluoromethylvinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (pyrethroid 1 ·); [- a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (ß-25 -fluoro-ß-trifluoromethylvinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ί (pyrethroicfe 2); - a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (p-! * -trifluoromethylvinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (pyrethroid: 3); - α-cyano-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (3- .30 -chloro-ß-möthylthio-vinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (pyrethro- i.- of 4).

EXAMPLE 5 Determination of the persistence using the tests in the open air by the residual activity method.

The compositions subjected to these tests are emulsified in tap water until a concentration of 0.01¾ of p.a.

These emulsions are used for spraying castor plants maintained under temperature, light and humidity conditions "· -; ^ ÏŸ ί ix .............. 13 similar to those that prevailed in the Milan region in June 1979.

The plants are periodically infested with Spodoptera littoralis larvae.

The mortality rate [%) of the larvae is determined 48 hours after the start of the infestation. The results obtained are reported in Table IV.

TABLE IV

Composition Re-infestation after (number of days) N0 ---- - (cf. Ex. 4) '0 5 7 14 19 29 14 100 100 100 100 100 93 15 18 100 100 100 53 37 25 15 100 100 100 100 100 100 19 100 100 100 100 87 57 16 100 100 100 100 90 90 20 100 100 100 93 70 47 20 EXAMPLE 6 Using the following active ingredients: - a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl acid ester 2,2-dimethyl-3- (ß dichlorovinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic (Cypermethrine) (pyrethroid 5); - 3-phenoxy-benzyl-ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (p> sß-dichlo-rovinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (Permethrine) (pyrethro-ide 6); 30 - a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (ß, β- dibromovinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (Decamethrine) (Pyrethroide 7) -a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2- (4-chlorophenyl) - 3-methylbutyric acid (phenvalerate) (pyrethroid 8); 35 -a-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3 (1,2-I dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (pyre-

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The compositions listed in Table V are prepared. The compositions also containing UV stabilizers are prepared by dissolving the latter compound in an organic solvent and then dissolving the other constituents, the other compositions are prepared by simple mixing of them other constituents as described in Example 1.

EXAMPLE 7 Determination of persistence using greenhouse tests, by the method of residual activity.

Cypermethrine (pyrethroid 5, Example 6) is a pyrethroid known to possess. good persistence properties. These properties can be improved by using the compositions in accordance with the present invention.

Composition No. 26, which is a conventional composition containing cypermethrine, an alkylaromatic solvent and a surfactant (cf. Example 6, Table V) and Composition No. 27, composition in accordance with the present invention and containing of cypermethrin (cf. Example 6, Table V) are emulsified by adding city water until a concentration of 0.003% of active principle is obtained.

Castor plants are sprayed in a greenhouse using these emulsions on the one hand and using a hydroacetonic suspension of cypermethrin (10% acetone volume) on the other hand.

The plants are periodically infested with laboratory larvae of Spodoptera littoralis.

The larval mortality rate is determined 48 hours after the start of the infestation and the results obtained are reported in Table VI.

TABLE VI

30, Mortality rate (%) of larvae of Spodoptera littoralis for a dose of 0.003% a.p.

Composition n ° Re-infestation after (number of days) 0 4 13 18 35 ------- hydroacetonic suspension ICC 100 70 47

Composition n ° 26 10Γ 100 71 55 I Composition n ° 27 10? 100 90 70 fy ^ --—----—- * --------- ”—. —.-. — .---—-

Iv: ^ "r 16 ί EXAMPLE 8 Determination of phytotoxicity ii | From the compositions indicated in Table VII below, I prepare aqueous emulsions with 0.04¾ of active principle.

5 These emulsions are sprayed on tomato and cucumber plants which are placed in a greenhouse under the following conditions:

:. temperature: 18 ° C-25 ° C

| „Sunshine period: 12 hours d} * humidity: 70¾ I 10 7 days after the start of treatment, phytotoxicity is determined using a scale of value between 0 (no phytotoxicity;" healthy plant ") and 9 (maximum phytotoxicity, fully damaged plant), j The results recorded in table VIII show that the compositions according to the present invention have no phytoxicity ^ 15!, I ·! I! I *

: TABLE VII

i__________ 1 COMPOSITION N °; 20

Constituent (%) 15 ^ ^ 44 ^ ^ 45 ^ ^ 16 ^ 46; Pyrethroid 2 10 10 10

Pyrethroid 3 ΙΟ 25 Pyrethroid 5 ΙΟ

Xylol 15 15 80 15 15 sunflower oil 65 65 65. Roil Oil OB 15 65 I ^ Emulson 7B 7 77 | 30 Setrolene S '7

Soprofor M 52 10

Agrol Ca / 1 3 331 i ^ | (1) Composition already described in Example 4 35 (2) Composition according to Belgian patent n ° 861 368 ((3) Classic composition

S L

j g? ' 17

TABLE VIII

Phytotoxicity of the compositions listed in Table VI expressed by a scale of value between 0 (healthy plants) and 9 (totally damaged plants) 5 ____

Composition Dose of p.a. Phytotoxicity after 7 days.

TOMATO CUCUMBERS

15 0.4 O O

10 44 Os4 4 2 45 0.4 3 2

16 0.4 O O

"46 0.4. O O

EXAMPLE 9 Determination of eye irritation

The test is carried out by comparison of the degree of irritation of the eyes caused by three compositions containing the same active principle (pyrethroid 2): 20 ”composition 15, according to the invention (described in example 4); • composition 44, according to Belgian patent n ° 861 368 • composition 45, of the conventional type, (described in example 8).

The degree of irritation is determined according to the JHDraize method described in [/ 'Appraisal of the safety of Chemicals in Food, Drugs and 25 Cosmetics "Association of Food and Drugs Officiais of the USA; 46 (1959)] and is expressed on a scale of value between 1 (^ no irritation) and 8 (maximum irritation with loss of vision).

The results, taken into account in Table IX, show that the compositions according to the present invention only slightly irritate the eyes and lead to values similar to those which are obtained for the compositions according to Belgian patent n ° 861 368, determined by the Draize method.

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TABLE IX EYE IRRITATION

Composition Value according to the scale of 5 No. RESULT Dzaize 16 mild irritation 2 ^ 44 mild irritation 2 ^. - - (z) * 45 zrrttatzon extreme 8 10 --- (1) reddening during the first two days then subsequent disappearance of the irritation (2) from the third day after treatment there is an opacity of the cornea which leads to a final loss of the eye 15 EXAMPLE 10 Demonstration of the lack of synergistic effect of vegetable oils supplemented with synthetic pyrethroids.

The test is carried out by comparison of the immediate insecticidal activity of a pure pyrethroid in a hydroacetic mixture with the activity of the same pyrethroid supplemented with vegetable oils.

We test with four different vegetable oils and three different types of insects.

To this end, pyrethroid 1 dispersions are prepared (cf. example 1), either alone or as a mixture with vegetable oils in a 1/8 ratio, in hydroacetonic solution, (H 2 O / acetone ratio = 9/1), to which the wetting agent "Emulson 7B" is added at a concentration of 0.005¾.

These solutions are sprayed on the plants or leaves intended to be used for these simple tests.

a) Insecticidal activity on Macrosyphum Euphorbiae (aphids) Potato plants reared in pots are infested with adult female aphids and then the dispersion under examination is sprayed on these plants. They are kept at a temperature of 26 ° C, under continuous illumination for 24 hours.

At the end of this period, the insecticidal activity is evaluated% 35 in values corresponding to the percentage of aphid mortality.

1 b) Biological activity on Pieris Brassicae (Lepidoptera)

The studied dispersion is sprayed on cabbage leaves

AT

9 !? 1 19 isolated that are infested with Leptidopteras larvae of the same age and then maintained at 26 ° C, under continuous lighting for 48 hours.

At the end of this period, the larval mortality rate (%) is determined.

c) Biological activity on Leptinotarsa Decemlineata j * Potato plants raised in pots are infested i -. Leptidopteran larvae of the same age and then sprayed with the dispersions studied.

The plants are kept at a temperature of 26 ° C and under continuous illumination for 48 hours.

At the end of this period, the larval mortality rate (%) is determined

The results, recorded in Table X, show that the immediate insecticidal activity of the pure active ingredient and that in which vegetable oils are added are equivalent and therefore that the vegetable oils exert no synergistic action.

Of course, the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and shown; it is susceptible of numerous variants accessible to a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

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Claims (39)

21 * 1. Insecticidal compositions formed from an active principle consisting of a synthetic pyrethroid and of a main vehicle formed of unsaturated fatty acids, optionally polyoxyethylated, vegetable oils, glycerides of polyoxyethylated unsaturated fatty acids or their mixtures and one or more additives such as surfactants, optionally one or more alkylaromatic solvents and one or more agents for stabilizing against UV and / or oxidizing agents, these compositions being characterized in that they have the following compositions 10 (expressed in weight proportions): A. - active ingredient 1-50 "B. - vehicle 30-80¾ C. - surfactant 0.5-20% D. - solvent 5-30% 15 E.- UV stabilizer and / or antioxidants 0-5% 2. Compositions according to claim 1, characterized in that the active principle is preferably used in proportions of between about 10 and 20% by weight. 3. Compositions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vehicle is preferably used in proportions of between approximately 50% and 80% by weight. 4.- Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pyrethroids which constitute the active principle, have the following general formula: R1 R Ç_0_ch_ / Q) (I, in which; '-' R1 is H , CN, -C = CH ^ ch3 CH 35 “-“ ... ^ -> R3 Λ> · --- OU /: 22 ^ H3c- C -CH3 \ / \ c -—CH - ns / 5 K with R2 = H, halogen, R3 = H, halogen, CH3, CF3; »N = 0 or 1; R1 * = H, CH3, 0-alkyl, 0-aryl; R6 R7 R5 = H, CH, Re —— C-CH-, \ = CH-; / I / R6 R6 R7 R8-Cs = C— where R6 (identical or different) = halogen R7 (identical or different) = halogen, S-alkyl, S-aryl, CX3 (X being a halogen); R8 = halogen, CF3 20 5.- Compositions according to any one of claims 114, characterized in that the active principle is the 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or the α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of acid 2 , 2-dirräthyl-3- (ß, ß-dichlo-rovinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic. 6. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is the 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or the α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimäthyl acid -3- (ß, ß-dibromov vinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic. 7. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 5 characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or the α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2 acid -dimethyl-3- (3-chloro-0-tri-fluoromethylvinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic. 8. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl- acid 3- (ß-fluoro-ß-tri-35 fluoromethylvi nyl) -cyclopropanecarboxyli que. 9. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester. or the α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl-3- (ß-trifluoro- ^ methylylvinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic acid. 23 10.- Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or 1'-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl acid -3- (ß-chloro-ß-methyl-thio-vinyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic. 5 IL- Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is the 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or the α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of 2,2-dimethyl acid -3- (2,2-dichloro- 1,2-dibromo-ethyl) -cyclopropanecarboxylic. 12. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 10 characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or Va-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of α- (4-chloro- phenyl) -ß-methyl-butyric. 13. Compositions according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the active principle is 3-phenoxy-benzyl ester or α-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of α- (2- chloro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl-friend no) -β-methyl-butyri that. 14. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the main vehicle is formed from one or more unsaturated fatty acids. 15.- Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the main vehicle is formed from one or more vegetable oils. 16. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the main vehicle is formed from one or more polyoxyethylated unsaturated fatty acids. 17. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the main vehicle is formed from a mixture of K glyceridespolyoxyéthylés of unsaturated fatty acids. 18. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the surfactant consists of alkylphenolpolyoxiethylated alkylbenzensulfonates, polyoxyethylated sorbitan oleate, polyoxyethylated sorbitan stearate or their mixtures. 19. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the solvent consists of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, tetramethylbenzene or their mixtures. 20. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the UV stabilizing agent is a derivative of 2-hydroxy-4-alkoxy-benzophenone or of ester of acid 2 , 2-diphé-nyl-1-cyano-acrylic. 21. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the antioxidant is a derivative of 2,6-diter-butyl-phenol. 22. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they comprise: -A.- active ingredient 10¾ B.- vehicle 80¾ 10 C. - 10¾ surfactant 23. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they comprise: A. - active ingredient 50¾ B. - vehicle 50¾ 15 24.- Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they include: A. - active ingredient 10¾ B. - vehicle 65¾ C. - surfactant 10¾ 20 D.- solvent 15 solvant 25. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they comprise: A. - active ingredient 1¾ B. - vehicle 80¾ 25 C. - surfactant 0.5¾ D. - solvent 18.5¾ 26. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, £ characterized in that they comprise: • A.- active ingredient 50¾ 30. B.- vehicle 35% C. - surfactant 10% D. - solvent 5% 27. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they comprise: 35. A.- active ingredient 20% B.- vehicle 50% __ ^ C.- surfactant 20% J * D.- solvent 10% 25 28.- Compositions according to any one of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that they comprise: A. - active ingredient 10¾ B. - vehicle 63.5% 5 C. - surfactant 10% D. - solvent 15% E. - UV stabilizing agent 1.5% 29. Compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 21, 10 characterized in that they comprise: A. - active ingredient 10% B. - vehicle 63% C. “surfactant 10% D. - solvent 15% 15 E.- antioxidant 2% 30. An emulsion in water of the compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 29. 31. Method for controlling insect infestations characterized in that the infested area is sprayed with a composition 20 according to any one of claims 1 to 29. 32. Method for controlling infestations according to claim 31, characterized in that the compositions according to any one of claims 1 to 29 are sprayed as such or in the form of aqueous emulsions, dust, wettable powders or granules.