LT6814B - Devices and methods for waste treatment using pyrocatalysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The reactor is specially designed for waste treatment by thermopulsation without releasing any derivatives into the environment. The authors called this method pyrocatalysis for the ecological waste treatment. Devices and methods for waste treatment using pyrocatalysis, including the supply of raw material and catalyst to the reactor, completion of complete treatment of raw material in the pyrolysis zone, removal of pyrocatalysis gas and products from the reactor. Prior to its processing on the pyrolysis screen (18) the raw material is treated in two pyrocatalysis zones: first zone is in a screw mechanism, where the obtained gas is fed from the walls, the shaft and the blades, creating a pulsation; the second pyrocatalysis zone is in a tubular pyrocatalysis unit (9) sealed with a double-curved diaphragm (D) from the gas chamber and from the pyrolysis unit. The reactions in the pyrolysis zone are carried out, maintaining a pressure of 0.05 - 0.2 MPa and a specific temperature (pyrolytic). During the treatment of cellulose waste, if necessary, the waste is crushed and mixed with an enriched saline solution, together with the feed of the resulting pyrocatalysis gas and steam and creating a pulsation throughout the treated mass. During cellulose waste treatment, the pyrocatalysis zone screw has the ability to rotate in both directions, and a second (lower) curved pyrolysis screen (59) or vessel for collecting the hydrocarbon liquid is mounted below the pyrolysis screen (18). The operating reactor, on the basis of which it is possible to create a company, is completely autonomous, because there is no need for external water, natural gas or electricity.

Description

Technical field

The reactor is specially designed to recycle waste by the thermopulsation method without releasing any derivatives into the environment. The authors called this method - pyrocatalysis for ecological recycling of waste.

State of the art

Closest to the invention is the method and apparatus for thermal processing of organic materials described in LT patent no. 5679. In the patent, gas is fed to a new type of thermal reactor by a stream. Screw feed mechanism - unsealed from the primary gas collection chamber, the lower part of the tubular pyrolysis is open to the pyrolysis zone. There are no pulsating nozzles in the pyrocatalysis and partial pyrolysis zones and in the gas activator. There are no described uses and improvements.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to improve the waste thermal processing plant, which is described in LT patent no. 5679.

The essence of the invention

The object of the invention is realized by the method of thermal processing of organic raw materials (thermoregulation is carried out inside the reactor by feeding the gas obtained during the process through the hand tube), which comprises feeding and thermal treatment of raw materials, in which the processing is carried out using pyrocatalysis and partial pyrolysis. Pyrocatalysis is a process evoked by a catalyst and several oxidants and combustion at a temperature of -50 ° C to +175 ° C, maintaining a pressure of 0.05 0.20 MPa, processing the hydrocarbon-poor feedstock (up to 10% of the total). According to the authors, the invention is mainly aimed at recycling human waste. Pyrocatalysis and pyrolysis can use the catalyst biolite, a sedimentary rock of organic origin, such as chalk, limestone, peat, which contains animal or plant organisms.

The proposed waste recycling facility using pyrocatalysis consisting of a reactor, feedstock and catalyst feed to and from the reactor mechanism and a pyrolysis zone unit has a new screw feedstock and catalyst feeder unit installed in the first gas intake chamber, which is partially treated enters from the first pyrocatalysis zone, the distributor with double blades, the distributor with the raw material also performs the sealing function of the second pyrocatalysis zone from above, a tubular pyrocatalysis block consisting of alloy steel tubes connected by rings attached thermal holder, the pyrocatalysis tubes are led below the diaphragm into the pyrolysis zone.

New in the proposed installation and the fact that the pyrolysis zone consists of a curved screen into which the gas is forcibly fed at a pressure of 0.05 to 0.2 MPa, the nozzles are oriented at an angle of 160 ° to 180 ° and the other nozzles at an angle of 45 ° to 90 °, the nozzles are of different diameters and allow the creation of two instantaneous pyrolysis "gas flow" and "fluidized bed" modes; in addition, the liquid fraction and slag accumulator installed in the pyrolysis zone has a gas activator for supplying gas from the first pyrocatalysis zone, consisting of a perforated pipe with pulsating nozzles of different diameters and a liquid fraction and slag discharge pipe with an automatic pressure relief valve. Also in the plant, during the recycling of cellulose waste, the pyrocatalysis zone screw has the possibility to rotate in both directions, and after the pyrolysis screen a second (lower) curved pyrolysis screen or vessel for collecting hydrocarbon liquid is installed.

The proposed process for recycling waste using pyrocatalysis, which involves feeding the feedstock and catalyst to a reactor, completing the complete recycling of feedstock in a pyrolysis zone, removing pyrocatalysis gas and products from the reactor, is characterized by treating the feedstock in two pyrocatalysis zones

the first zone is in a screw mechanism, where the obtained gas, creating a pulsation by microbubbles, fed from the walls and the shaft and blades, the microbubbles act as a thermal energy transformer - carrier, the pressure and temperature values rise to 15 - 45%; the first pyrocatalysis zone is sealed from the gas collection chamber, maintains a pressure of 0.11 MPa to 0.15 MPa, a feedstock temperature of -10 ° C to +150 ° C, a feed gas temperature of -70 ° C to +100 ° C;

the second pyrocatalysis zone is a tubular pyrocatalysis unit sealed with a double-curved diaphragm (D) from the gas chamber and from the pyrolysis unit, with a filter for draining the liquid fraction with the mineral part at its lowest points, distribution and supply of the obtained pyrocatalysis gas to the top; raises the temperature of the raw material from +80 ° C to +175 ° C and causes partial thermal destruction;

in the pyrolysis zone, reacts at low pressure (0.05 - 0.2 MPa) and temperature (pyrolysis), the liquid phase is processed in a storage tank, the temperature of the gas fed to the pyrolysis process is from +70 ° C to + 175 ° C, the raw material is processed + At temperatures of 200 ° C to + 250 ° C.

During the recycling of cellulose waste, if necessary, the waste is crushed and mixed with an enriched saline solution, together with the resulting pyrocatalysis gas and steam and pulsation throughout the recycled mass, the mass is mixed at a positive temperature for 3 to 50 minutes, the resulting mass is fed into a closed conveyor cellulose waste processing reactor, processing time from 10 to 50 minutes, in the pyrolysis zone feeds the obtained gas only up to + 100 ° C temperature, the pyrolysis process is carried out at temperatures of +100 ° C - +200 ° C.

When processing very liquid sludge or dirty water, the device is transformed: the auger is extended by 300 mm - 1000 mm, the drainage grid of the device at the bottom of the auger feed.

When recycling waste in the proposed way, part of the pyrocatalysis gas is used in the production process, processing the raw material, refining liquid hydrocarbons and in the electricity generator, and returning the recycled gas to the recycling process.

According to the authors, the invention is mainly aimed at recycling human waste. The chrestomatous pyrocatalysis reactor is divided into two pyrocatalysis zones and a pyrolysis zone. The screw feed mechanism is the first pyrocatalysis zone, which has sealing plates from the gas chamber, the combustible gas obtained is fed from the walls, from the shaft and the blades of the screw mechanism, fed at a pressure of 0.11 - 0.15 MPa. About 30-70% of gas is released here. Although quite a lot, about 50-60% of the total mass of the gas, produces carbon monoxide CO and carbon dioxide CO ₂ ("gaseous carbon") and water vapor, which is significant for further processing above 30% hydrogen H, based on the total amount available.

The resulting gas mixture is directed to the second pyrocatalysis zone and the pyrolysis screen (where "cold" gas is required). The gas temperature is about +100 ° C, hydrogen H is necessary in the chemical processes taking place there.

When feeding the obtained gas, in the first pyrocatalysis zone, for the first 60 - 70 cm it is delivered at a temperature from -70 ° C to -80 ° C, the raw material is quickly frozen from -5 ⁼ C to -10 ° C. The screw mechanism consumes the raw material, which decomposes into small ice and raw material formations, then hot gas is supplied: 190 - 280 cm (measured from the beginning of the screw mechanism) instant melting, the ice breaks down the material itself pyrocatalysis gas (of which approximately 30% hydrogen H), which is a good oxidizer. After thawing the raw material to a temperature of +100 ° C and feeding the obtained gas through pulsation nozzles at a pressure of 0.11 - 0.15 MPa, microbubbles are formed. Carbon and mineral particles, ice crystals, gas CO, CH ₄ , CO ₂ , N ₂ O, H are carried on the surface of the microbubble film. They break down the molecular bonds of the raw material by exploding in the last part of the first pyrocatalysis zone. The substances brought to the surface of the microbubble (carbon and mineral particles, ice crystals) help the catalyst to carry out thermal destruction.

Reactions take place in the screw feed mechanism: the solid phase - gas and the gas - gas plus ice or water vapor - is used as an oxidizer. Further development of the process is described in LT patent no. 5679.

First of all, the pressure difference between the pressure injected through the valve, fed in a defined amount, temperature, composition and pressure to pyrocatalysis zones I and II is considered. The pulsation efficiency depends on the pressure difference between the gas in the tank and the injected gas - the proposed pressure difference is 0.3 to 0.5 atm, the temperature difference is most effective at +30 ° C to +50 ° C, even above +150 ° C. Better results are obtained when the temperature in pyrocatalysis zones I and II is lower than that of the supplied gas.

During freeze-drying, the raw material is supplied with cold gas, which expands intensively in a warm environment and the microbubble expands and explodes very quickly. The bubble "works" best at a consistency similar to sour cream.

The increase in pressure inside the microbubble raises the temperature, the concentration of flammable gas, water vapor and "gaseous" carbon.

15-25% pressure and temperature rise values are obtained. At constant pulsation, the microbubble acts as a thermal energy transformer and carrier.

The mixture of the obtained gas is directed to the second pyrocatalysis zone and to the pyrolysis screen ("cold" gas is required), the gas temperature is about +100 ° C, hydrogen H is necessary in the ongoing chemical processes.

In the tubular pyrolysis unit, the reaction area is increased and the temperature of the raw material is constantly raised from +60 ° C to +175 ° C. The resulting combustible gas is hotter than the recycled raw material.

At about +100 ° C, a liquid hydrocarbon fraction begins to be released in the feedstock, running at a length of about 50-70 cm at the beginning of the pyrocatalysis tube.

Interphase reactions produce clusters of emitted gases - feed gas, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, water vapor and hydrogen - which can be described as - cluster multi-range interpolation, (CMRI) - when different interatomic potentials of the models are combined to obtain a uniform potential, this makes it possible to describe chemical reactions with an indefinite number of atoms. In this case, a cluster is a set of atoms.

The main directions of the reactions are:

(a) between the emitted and supplied gases;

(b) feed gas and liquid phases;

(c) feed gas and solid phases;

(d) liquid phases and solid phases;

(e) "liquid phase" means the gas which is emitted;

(f) "liquid phase" means the liquid phase (released);

(g) "solid phase" means an emitted gas.

The resulting liquid fraction before processing in pyrocatalysis can be described as organic tar with some impurities.

It should be noted that at +180 ° C to +190 ° C there will be only saturated hydrocarbons, and from +200 ° C to +450 ° C the amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons will increase significantly, the yield will depend on the chemical composition of the feedstock. The reaction time in the screw feed mechanism is about 180 s, in the tubular pyrocatalysis unit up to 120 s.

In the pyrolysis zone, two modes of action are created above the pyrolysis screen: "fluidized bed" and "gas flow". Instant pyrolysis is performed for 1 - 3 s. When liquid droplets form in the flammable gas stream, the residues of the unprocessed raw material generate additional heat, therefore relatively “cold” gas up to +180 ° C is fed into the liquid fraction collection area.

The "boiling" layer formed by the curved pyrolysis screen can be described as a pseudo-liquid, the mixture consisting of the remaining solid particles and the liquid fraction droplets "floating" in the stream of combustible gas received from below. Solid particles floating in a pseudo-liquid transfer heat and cold well when actively mixed, better than copper, which is known as such. There is no sand in the boiling layer, as usual, its functions as a conductor are performed by mineral residues.

In the experiments, by feeding the obtained pyrocatalysis gas in pulsating small portions and creating a pulsation bubble, the material warmed from -50 ° C to +80 ° C in 120 s. The microbubble formed in the recycled material carries on its surface additional carbon and mineral oxides, water as ice or water vapor (in the second part in the first pyrocatalysis zone or in the first part in the second pyrocatalysis zone) and explodes to release energy that significantly breaks down internal molecular bonds. temperature. The recycling process is highly demanding of oxygen and hydrogen, which are easiest to obtain from water. Oxygen is still possible to obtain from molecules (molecular atomic oxygen) and hydrogen is lacking.

Pyrocatalysis - cold heat treatment using the thermopulsation method is divided into two stages. In the first stage: cold processing from -70 ° C to +10 ° C. Intense pulsation causes the formation of hydrogen, together with the collection of moisture and enrichment with hydrocarbons. In the second stage, complete decomposition of the organic part takes place. Temperature of recycled material in pyrocatalysis from -50 ° C to +170 ° C.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is explained in Figures 9.

fig. the pyrocatalysis reactor is shown.

fig. - top view A of the pyrocatalysis tube block, from the primary gas collection chamber; a vertical section B showing the gas pipes; a cross-section C showing the alloy steel bars; Figure D is a bottom view showing the tubular pyrocatalysis unit (from the pyrocatalysis zone).

fig. - a fragment of the screen of the turbulent pyrolysis zone with the supply scheme of the obtained flammable gas.

fig. - Reactor for the processing of highly liquid sludge.

fig. - a view of the reactor in which additional tanks have been introduced.

fig. - Screw slag compression device.

fig. - activator for the recycling of cellulosic waste.

fig. - cellulose waste recycling reactor (pyrocatalysis).

fig. - partial pyrolysis reactor.

Description of the implementation of the invention

The reactor has been specially designed and upgraded for recycling by a new thermopulsation method, pyrocatalysis. The chrestomatous device is divided into three zones: two pyrocalysis and one pyrolysis.

Zone I is the zone in the horizontal mechanism, where the obtained gas is fed from the walls, the shaft and its blades by pulsation, the zone is pressurized, the raw material temperature is from -10 ° C to +70 ° C, the supplied gas is from -70 ° C to +150 ° C .

Zone II is the zone in the tubular pyrocatalysis unit sealed against the gas chamber and the diaphragm of the pyrolysis unit, which has a filter at its lowest point. The pyrocatalysis tube is an alloy steel rod connected by rings, the tube ends with conical pyrocatalysis regulators, the tubes leading out below the diaphragm. Raw material temperature from +100 ° C to +150 ° C, feed gas - from +100 ° C to + 170 ° C.

Zone III is a pyrolysis zone consisting of a curved screen (18) where the gas is forced into it by applying pressure, two instantaneous pyrolysis methods are obtained, and the processing temperature of the raw material is between +200 ° C and +250 ° C.

The waste recycling reactor (Fig. 1) consists of a receiving dispenser (1), a raw material receiving chamber (2), a screw feed mechanism (3) with valves (4) in the walls for the supply of combustible gas obtained from raw material processing, and the gas is also fed and from the shaft and its blades through the valves (4). This arrangement of valves (4) enables the combustible gas to be supplied in pulses, in small portions, but at a high frequency. The gas pressure is from 0.1 to 0.15 MPa. The temperature of the combustible gas feed is from -70 ° C to +10 ° C and depends on the chemical and mechanical composition of the recycled raw material. The reactor has a primary pyrocatalysis gas collection chamber (5) with a recyclable feedstock distributor (6) with double blades (7) and (8) at different heights, at which the feedstock is leveled and pressed over the tubular pyrocatalysis unit (9). The tubular pyrocatalysis unit (9) (Fig. 2) consists of tubes (14) with which the raw material slides downwards. The pipes are 2 - 3 m long and are reinforced with rings (15). Gas supply pipes (16) are laid between the pipes, which constantly supply the obtained flammable gas with a temperature from +100 ^: C to +170 ° C, gas distribution and supply - upper. The pyrocatalysis tubes (16) terminate in conical pyrocatalysis stabilizers (17) which are attached to thermal brackets (27) to control the rate of raw material flow. The distances L between the rods (14) must not exceed 4 - 5 mm. The pyrocatalysis zone ends with a diaphragm (D) which is double curved, at the lowest points there is a filter (26) for the liquid phase to drain. The pyrocatalysis tubes (14) exit into the pyrolysis zone to release the mineral parts and the liquid fraction.

The turbulent pyrolysis zone (10) (Fig. 3) consists of a screen (18) (perforated construction) through which the obtained pyrocatalysis gas is fed through a forced gas supply valve (4). Inside there are additional gas control valves that force the gas to move at different pressures from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa and from 0.02 to 0.05 MPa and through different sized nozzles (27) (d = 1.0 mm) and nozzles (28) (d = 1.5 mm). A filter (26) is installed at the lowest point of the construction to drain the liquid fraction and slag. Flammable gases are fed to the pyrolysis zone at a temperature of +250 ° C. Two instantaneous pyrolysis methods are developed: a "boiling" bed and a "gas" flow. The liquid phase and the remaining solid mineral fractions flow into the liquid reactor activity product accumulator (12) (Fig. 1). In order to enrich the liquid fraction with hydrocarbons, the obtained flammable gas is fed through a valve (4) to a perforated tube - a gas activator (19) with nozzles of different diameters, where microbubbles are pulsating. The liquid fraction and slag are removed by a pipe (20) with an automatic regulating pressure valve (20a).

The reactor (Fig. 1) has only two rotating mechanisms: a screw feed mechanism (3) rotated by an electric motor (22) through a reducer (21), a feed distributor (6) with double blades (7) and (8) a sleeve transmitted by an electric motor (23). The flammable gas is continuously discharged through pipes (16) to maintain the required pressure and temperature of +175 ° C (depending on the raw material). The protective sensor system (29) is located in the primary gas collection chamber (5), in the pyrocatalysis tube unit (9), in the pyrolysis zone (10), and the obtained liquid fractions and slag in the accumulator (12).

The resulting combustible gas is used: up to 5% to support the technological process (electricity generator), about 95% is used to refine the liquid fraction, producing diesel, gasoline, fuel oil or combustible gas. The calorific value of the obtained gas is higher 300 - 600 kcal / m ³ than known analogues (biogas).

The operation of the pyrocatalysis pulsation valve shown in Fig. 8 is based on the Archimedean principle of contact vessels. It constantly strives to equalize the pressure in the system while causing pulsation in the reactor.

The reactor is divided into three parts: pyrocatalysis zones I - II and pyrolysis. The following pressures are maintained in the reactor: in pyrocatalysis zone I - 0.11 ... 0.15 MPa; in all other zones the pressure shall not exceed 0,05 MPa. The temperature regime of the recycled material in the pyrocatalysis zone from -50 ° C to +175 ° C allows to obtain 90-98% yield from the organic part.

By processing very liquid sludge, the unit is transformed (Fig. 4). The auger mechanism (3) is extended by 300 mm - 1000 mm, a drainage grid (33) is installed at the bottom of the feed of the auger mechanism (3).

Recycling options

The technological process in all the listed variants does not require drying of the raw material. Preparation is the partial shredding of waste to fit more into the reactor if needed. The main purpose of recycling organic waste is to produce flammable gases and traditional energy sources. It is not possible to release any gaseous derivatives into the environment (there is not even a stack), solid completely inert waste, based on the recyclable mass remains about 2-5%.

Option no. 1. The processing of liquid sludge (eg ports, water bodies) is explained in Figure 4: a net is installed at the bottom of the auger, the auger (3) is extended from 300 mm to 1000 mm and plates (31) are inserted to seal the supplied gas.

Option no. 2. Recycling of municipal solid waste. The process requires partial waste sorting - metal and glass waste will not be recycled in the pyrocatalysis reactor. Although aluminum and partially silicon waste can be incinerated in a partial pyrolysis reactor located in the facility. We get pyrocatalytic gases or traditional energy carriers. When the temperature is raised to +1500 ° C, recycling of glass and metals is also possible.

Option no. 3. Recycling of coal mining waste. Recycling of "Tericones". Recycling of lignite and coal waste (washing waste) with pyrocatalysis gases or conventional energy carriers is possible.

Option no. 4. Refining of waste from the extraction and production of petroleum products. This option only applies when waste oils are mixed with sand. Pyrocatalysis is also used when the waste (e.g. tar) has solidified.

Option no. 5. Peatland edges, i. processing of peat with a significant amount of aluminosilicates (waste) to obtain pyrocatalysis gases or conventional energy carriers.

Option no. 6. Recycling of sewage sludge to obtain pyrocatalysis gases or conventional energy carriers. Collection of heavy metals and destruction of collected heavy metals is possible.

Option no. 7. Recycling of used car or tractor tires with pyrocatalysis gases or conventional energy carriers. Compared to other processes, no carbon is produced, everything is processed to hydrocarbon liquids. Only metal cord residues in waste. Ash and soot account for up to 0.5% by weight of the raw material. The tires need to be shredded before recycling.

Option no. 8. Recycling of all types of polyethylene and other plastic waste. The waste is only shredded. The main products are hydrocarbon liquids and partly pyrocatalysis gases. Waste is the remnants of former impurities in the raw material.

Option no. 9. Disposal of waste medicines and medical facilities. A completely inert material is obtained, which can be used in construction.

Option no. 10. Preparation and disposal of obsolete herbicides and pesticides. A completely inert material is obtained.

All of the first ten recycling options listed can be performed in the main pyrocatalysis reactor with very little modification or leaving the same design.

Option no. 11. A method for recycling waste in which the organics are mainly stored in the form of cellulose. This type of waste includes wood and agricultural waste (straw) as well as sea urchin and paper waste. If necessary, the waste is shredded. The only requirement is that the waste is not damaged by mold, especially straw. No drying required.

An example of how to process rice straw is given. The chopped straw is mixed with a solution of enriched table salt. The resulting pyrocatalysis gas and superheated steam are fed by mixing the straw with the solution. The mass is kept in a stirrer at a positive temperature for 3 to 50 minutes with constant stirring. Figure 7 is used to recycle cellulosic waste. shows an activator having a liquid catalyst feed port (38), a shredded cellulose waste feed port (39), a pyrocatalysis gas feed port (40) and a pulp discharge port (41) in the housing. The catalyst injector (42), the electric motor (43), the bearing housing (44) and the agitator blades (45) with shaft are also arranged in the actuator, respectively. Subsequently, the obtained mass enters the cellulose waste processing reactor (pyrocatalysis) through a closed conveyor (Fig. 9). This pulp recycling reactor consists of a shaft with blades and pulsation nozzles (54), a catalyst feed (55) and a feed (56), as well as a feed and, if necessary, a steam (51) and a feed. (52). The pulp recycling reactor is connected to a partial pyrolysis reactor (53). This partial pyrocatalysis reactor (53) was designed using only the principles of the first pyrocatalysis zone compared to the chrestomatous pyrocatalysis reactor (Fig. 1). The screw (3) can rotate in both directions. Processed into flammable gases and hydrocarbon liquid, processing time from 10 to 50 minutes. The resulting gas is fed during processing and. if necessary, and steam - creating a pulsation throughout the recyclable mass.

The partial pyrocatalysis reactor is shown in Figure 10. It is equipped at the top with an inlet gas opening (63) and an emergency valve (62), the raw material supply openings (61) are arranged at the sides, the gas supply opening (57) and the superheated steam supply opening (58) are arranged at the bottom, and a liquid collecting plate ( 59) as well as the capacity of the liquid and the remaining solid derivatives (60). The partial pyrocatalysis reactor differs from the reactor shown in Figure 1. The resulting gas is fed to the pyrolysis screen only up to +50 ^C C, which is relatively "cold". The pyrolysis process is carried out at temperatures from +100 ° C to +200 ° C. The second (lower) curved pyrolysis screen is a container for collecting the hydrocarbon liquid.

The slag, ash, soot remaining after the pyrocatalysis treatment, if the required chemical elements or their compounds are present, are further processed by appropriate equipment. The slag compression device is shown in Figure 6. This device consists of a screw (35), a mechanical filter (36), a final tank (37) for depositing the liquid fraction under a mechanical sieve. The gel-like mixture enters the screw (35) through the receiving opening, where the compressed hydrocarbon liquid enters the container (37) through the filter (36). The pressed raw material is fed for further processing. Hydrocarbon liquids are further processed into conventional energy carriers, using the resulting pyrocatalysis gas.

The resulting pyrocatalysis gas is used in production as an activator for some processes or is used in electricity generators. Production is completely autonomous.

A universal facility has been developed for the recycling of solid and semi-liquid household waste, food industry waste, as well as all mineral organic waste from human activities, in which the organic content is 15% by weight (economically feasible), flammable gas and liquid hydrocarbon fraction . The field of application of the reactor is very wide, it is possible to easily transform the reactor itself.

Process thermoregulation is performed by Ž. With the help of hand tubes. Only the resulting flammable gas is used in the reactions. Heating takes place inside the reactor. No open flames or electric heating or chemical combustion. No environmental contamination due to low pressure and relatively low temperatures. The process is continuous by feeding the raw material and removing it. Reactor walls are covered with heat insulating material where necessary. The reactor itself is classified as a vessel (conditionally) that withstands pressure and therefore requires registration. The material from which the reactor itself is made is alloy steel. Full X-ray inspection of welds is required. Auxiliary equipment is also made of the same type of steel. No emissions to the atmosphere are possible - no chimney. The operating reactor, on the basis of which it is possible to create a company, is completely autonomous, because there is no need for water, natural gas or electricity from the country.

Claims (6)

A waste treatment plant using pyrocatalysis, comprising a reactor, feedstock and catalyst feed to and from the reactor mechanism and a pyrolysis zone unit, characterized in that a screw feedstock and catalyst feeder mechanism (3) in the first gas intake chamber is provided a distributor (6) with double blades (7, 8) for the partially processed raw material entering the first pyrocatalysis zone, the distributor (6) with the raw material also performs the sealing function of the second pyrocatalysis zone from above, a tubular pyrocatalysis system mounted behind the distributor (6) a block consisting of alloy steel tubes (16) connected by rings (15), the tubes terminating in conical pyrocatalysis stabilizers (17) mounted on a thermal holder (27), the pyrocatalysis tubes leading out below the diaphragm into the pyrolysis zone; the pyrolysis zone consists of a curved screen to which gas is forced, creating a pressure of 0.05 - 0.2 MPa, the nozzles (27) are oriented at an angle of 160 ° - 180 °, and the other nozzles (28) - at an angle of 45 ° - 90 °, the nozzles are of different diameters and allow the development of two instantaneous pyrolysis, "gas flow" and "fluidized bed" modes; a liquid fraction and slag accumulator (12) mounted in the pyrolysis zone has a gas activator for supplying gas from the first pyrocatalysis zone, consisting of a perforated tube (19) with pulsating nozzles of different diameters and a liquid fraction and slag discharge tube with an automatic pressure relief valve. 2. Waste recycling plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulp of the pyrocatalysis zone is rotatable in both directions during the recycling of cellulose waste, and a second (lower) curved pyrolysis screen (59) or a hydrocarbon vessel is provided below the pyrolysis screen (18). to collect the liquid. 3. A process for recycling waste using pyrocatalysis, comprising feeding the feedstock and catalyst to a reactor, completing the complete recycling of feedstock in a pyrolysis zone, removing pyrocatalysis gas and resulting products from the reactor, treating the feedstock in two pyrolysis zones (18) : the first zone is in a screw mechanism, where the obtained gas, creating a pulsation by microbubbles, fed from the walls and the shaft and blades, the microbubbles act as a thermal energy transformer - carrier, the pressure and temperature values rise to 15 - 45%; the first pyrocatalysis zone is sealed from the gas collection chamber, maintains a pressure of 0.11 MPa to 0.15 MPa, a feedstock temperature of -10 ° C to +150 ° C, a feed gas temperature of -70 ° C to +100 ° C; the second pyrocatalysis zone is a tubular pyrocatalysis unit sealed with a double-curved diaphragm (D) from the gas chamber and from the pyrolysis unit, with a filter (26) at the lowest points for draining the liquid fraction with mineral part, distribution and feed of the upper pyrocatalysis gas; raises the temperature of the raw material from +80 ° C to +175 ° C and causes partial thermal destruction; In the 0.05 MPa pyrolysis zone, reactions are carried out at a pressure and temperature of 0.05 - 0.2 MPa (pyrolysis), the liquid phase is started in the accumulator (12), the temperature of the gas fed to the pyrolysis process is from +70 ° C to +175 ° C , the raw material is processed at +200 ° C +250 ° C. 4. A process for recycling waste according to claim 3, characterized in that during the recycling of cellulose waste, if necessary, the waste is comminuted and mixed with an enriched saline solution, together with the obtained pyrocatalysis gas and steam and pulsating throughout the recycled mass. for a positive temperature from 3 to 50 minutes, the obtained mass is fed to the cellulose waste processing reactor in a closed conveyor, processing time from 10 to 50 minutes, in the pyrolysis zone only the obtained gas is fed up to + 100 ° C, the pyrolysis process is carried out at +100 ° C - + 200 ° C. 5. A method for recycling waste according to claim 3, characterized in that when processing highly liquid sludge, the device is transformed by: extending the screw mechanism (33) by 300 mm to 1000 mm, draining the auger of the screw mechanism (33). 6. A process for recycling waste according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that part of the pyrocatalysis gas is used in the production process, processing the raw material, refining liquid hydrocarbons and in an electricity generator, and returning the recycled gas to the recycling process.