LT6755B - Multi-hull section greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-hull section greenhouse is assigned to agriculture, more precisely to buildings for growing various plants in film greenhouses. Purpose of the invention: to create economic, low energy loss, easy - built and fast assembly/dissasembly construcion greenhouse which has low building and exploitation cost and which is suitable to be built on natural soil for growth of ecological production. Purpose is reached by creating a structure, which consist of poles (5), fixed in set distances in the soil and leveled horizontally. Sides and ands of a greenhouse consist of fixed impregnated boards (8 and 9), which top is leveled horizontally and to which is attached shortened double arcs 15 and 16, and quadruple arcs 10 and 18. Between outside and inside sections (1 and 3) are fixed vertical supports 7. On top of supports is mounted water canal 17 and 20. Shortened doubled arcs 10, 16 and 18 are fixed to the canal. Arcs are connected to each other at set angles wich traverses 31 and 32 for good water flow. Sections 27, 28 and 29 creates oval shaped carcass 1, 2 and 3, where each of them has separate triple layer film (30). Double arcs 10,15,16 and 18 has triple layer film 30 between them with special grips 92, 93 and 94. This construction creates 2 air spaces: inner 60, and outer 61, which is filled with air.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of greenhouse construction, and more particularly to building components. The invention relates to buildings for the agricultural organic cultivation of various plants in film-covered greenhouses with two air gaps and good water drainage, using building elements of a new type and special configuration. The invention can be applied to the construction of new greenhouses, repair, reconstruction of existing greenhouses, significantly reducing their height and volume in areas of complex soil and normal terrain.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The main forms of greenhouse currently in use are sloping, quadrangular, arched and hexagonal. Arched dome-shaped greenhouses are easier to build and maintain, but their shape is limited by the choice of cover and, in part, construction. Greenhouses of this type are usually covered with a single or double film in which air is inflated and a single air gap is formed. Sloping greenhouses are tall and more complex, many construction elements are used for their production, and high heat losses. However, the advantage of such greenhouses is that they can be covered with different types of coatings: polyethylene, glass, polycarbonate. Rectangular greenhouses are covered with glass, their internal volume is high because of the high height of the greenhouse. In these greenhouses in the upper part, it is difficult to deal with rainwater runoff. In winter, ice forms in the formed water pits. Inside, curtains are laid closer to the outside walls, as well as in the upper part of the greenhouses, which prevent the heating of the indoor greenhouse air during the summer, and in the winter the curtains slightly retain the cold from the wall glass. The frames from which the frame is made and the supporting internal structural elements are wooden, metal, plastic. Industrial greenhouses are high, so the cost of production grown during the construction and operation of these greenhouses is high.

The closest technical solution is a greenhouse construction of interconnected hexagonal structures with a pair of common retaining rectangular walls that have a hexagonal connecting pipe attached to its upper end and the lower part of the pipe fixed to the ground. (See U.S. Patent No. 5,088,245, EO4B1 / 24, published February 18, 1992).

From 2016 August 31 published patent CN105908835 / (A), EO4B1 (00)

LT 6755 B is a known interconnected building structure housing that includes a safe area. The safety zone consists of connecting mechanisms and separate areas. With adjustable design and multiple mounting positions with adjustable part used to change mounting positions and mounting structure heights. Each appropriate mounting structure has an additional cable. Each cable passes through an open opening, the ends of the cables are attached to the installation structure. A mounting column is also included. The mounting position is marked in the column and is connected to the adjustable part via the mounting column. The housing of the interconnected building structure is particularly suitable for height adjustment.

From 1973 December 13 published U.S. Pat. No. 3,772,277 19720,602, AU5643973 (A) discloses a methodology for an A-shaped structure structure. The A-shaped building consists of one floor, the opposite walls of which are sloping towards the top, and the slopes of the roof join at the top of the room. The structures begin with interconnected floor panels connected to one of the walls, which in turn is connected to the opposite wall through opposing roof slope structures connecting them. The construction of the remaining opposing roof panels is then assembled. All connections between adjacent panels have a removable connecting rod between the respective connecting sides. When connecting the connecting sides, the lugs are inserted into the connecting grooves, and the section of the connected sides is circular or square. The bar connecting the perpendicularly connected panels prevents freedom in the joints. This strengthens the structure.

From 2018. April 16 published patent TW201813497, A01G9 / 22 is a known agricultural greenhouse which can effectively ventilate the curtain in various positions. In this greenhouse (1), the curtain (20) is designed to change position so as to reduce the light that passes through the roof (100) and enter the outer part of the greenhouse roof (10) or to leave an open position where the curtains do not reduce the light that passes through the roof (100) and enters the outer shell (10). The first air intake fan (31 B) is closed below the curtain (20). The first exhaust fan (32a) is in the closed state above the curtain (20) and the second exhaust fan (32b) is in the closed state under the curtain (20).

From 2018. July 5 published patent CN106857094, A01G / 14 is a known multifunctional greenhouse for organic agricultural development. The vertical beam (2) is fixed to the foundation (1); The horizontal beam (3) is attached to the top of the vertical beam (2); The reinforcing beam (4) is attached to the horizontal beam (4); the inclined support beam (6) located on top of the horizontal beam (3) is attached to the inner side of the reinforcing beam (4); the upper beam (5) on top of the horizontal beam (3) is attached to the inside of the inclined support beam (6). The greenhouse vault (7) on top of the foundation (1) is attached to the top of the upper beam (5). The thermal insulation film (8) is attached to the outer greenhouse vault (7). The heat absorbing plate (9) is attached to the top of the thermal insulation film (8). The solar cell (10) on the thermal insulation film (8) is reinforced in the inner cavity of the foundation (1). A multifunctional ecological greenhouse can ensure the efficient use of electricity, accommodate and efficiently distribute water resources, and evenly supply the cultivated products with water, thus ensuring good productivity.

As of January 14, 2010. published patent US8782991, E04B7 / 18 is a known roof structure of a building with round corners. The roof structure may be formed with one or more sandwich panels with rounded corners and a mounted drainage slope (e.g., 5-10 degrees) to facilitate the removal of liquid (e.g., water, rain, snow, etc.) from the roof structure. You can select the desired curvature for the rounded angle and / or set the angle of the drainage area. A fastening material may be used to reinforce and / or seal the main interface of the rounded corner. The roof structure can be attached to the outer wall by gluing.

From 1992 February 18 U.S. Pat. No. 5,088,245, EO4B1 / 24, discloses the application of an interconnected construction of interconnected hexagonal structures having a pair of common retaining walls which have a hexagonal connecting pipe attached to its upper end. Each connecting pipe in each of the 6 walls of the building is adapted to be interconnected by bolts and nuts, thus connecting the two walls of the hexagonal building with beams and roof rafters. The nut and bolt connections are hidden inside the connected pipes and adjacent beams. The use of uniform support columns and the overall design of the structure of adjacent hexagonal structures facilitates assembly, reduces the number of structural elements and construction costs. In this way, two or more such buildings are integrated to increase the total area of the buildings.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The aim of the invention is to create an economical greenhouse with low heat loss, easy and quick assembly and disassembly, with low construction and maintenance costs, adapted to be built on natural land for growing organic products. The object of the invention is achieved in that a multi-building sectional greenhouse consisting of a lower and an upper foundation is mounted on a frame with windows and doors on which a triple light-transmitting film is attached. The lower foundation of the greenhouse consists of poles fixed at an appropriate distance from the ground and leveled, with impregnated foundation board attached to the sides, the top of which is leveled with a slope to the right and left of the central section. The upper reference board shall be fixed at the required height on the outer side of the hulls, on one side of the shortened vertical double arch, and the other part shall be fixed on the vertical crossbars fixed to the lower base plate, and this part shall be fixed to the intermediate horizontal quadruple arches. The object of the invention is also achieved in that supports are placed at equal distances between the left outer and inner housings, which are fixed vertically in the ground. Their lower part {is concreted and reinforced with corners. The upper part of all supports must have a slope to the right and left of the center section corresponding to the slope of the upper and lower base boards on the outside of the hull.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that each vertically standing support at its top is clamped rigidly, reinforced with a support socket, by placing gutter clamps in the reinforcement sockets. The structural elements are bolted to each other with the upper part of the support. Reinforcement sockets must have the same slope to the right and left as the slope of the top and bottom base boards.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that a water drainage gutter is inserted and firmly fixed in all the support fastening sockets, on which both ends the double-sided and double shortened arch ends are fastened. The drainage gutter must have a slope to the right and left of the center section. The entire construction of the drainage gutter is heated with foam, between which a metal or plastic gutter is used to drain the water. On top, sides and bottom of the foam are laid sealed light-transmitting

LT 6755 B triple film edges, which must also have a slope. Foam boards are placed on the films and a pressure board (dictation) is placed on it. This design solution prevents water from entering the greenhouse, as well as cold weather and cold weather.

The object of the invention is also achieved in that each of the arches consists of two arches standing next to each other and they are called double arches. One-sided shortened arches in the outer casing, double shortened arches in the inner casing. In one of them, on the inner side, a groove for the law of sealing gaskets is milled along its entire perimeter, and on the outer sides of the arches, two horizontal (relative to the foundation) holes with plastic sleeves are drilled at a suitable distance. Each double arch has recesses at its ends which are supported on the upper part of the base boards and the side board of the drainage channel. Their removal angle and height depend on the location of the arch and the angle of inclination.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that the double arches are central, which are mounted vertically, which can be an "N" number. The rear ones, which are mounted at an appropriate angle to the central double arches, the rear lower ones, which are mounted on the poles horizontally, the rear edges, the intermediate quadruples, are mounted on the top of the vertical crossbars horizontally along their entire perimeter. A light-conducting triple-sealed film is attached between adjacent double arches by compressing them with special clamps.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that the longitudinal transverse rigidly connecting two adjacent central double arches are fastened at a corresponding angle, i. with a slope to the opposite arch from the central double arch to the right and left. In this way, covering the greenhouse with a light-transmitting film, sections for good water drainage with a downward slope are obtained. And the rear double adjacent arches are connected to each other by longitudinal crossbars, with a slope to the inclined arches. The double and quadruple arches connected by longitudinal transverse and semi-round ends form an oval greenhouse divided into separate sections.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that the profile of the longitudinal crossbars is rectangular in shape and has two metal round fasteners fixed at its ends. The ends on the outside are secured with a metal rectangular ring as well

LT 6755 B at the ends of the lower part of each crossbar are sockets with fixed plastic bushings. The ends of the crossbars are fixed flush with the double top of the quadruple arches.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that all the structural elements of the greenhouse are reinforced (compressed) with each other by special thread compressors as required. T.y. compressors with two double arches and a sealed light-transmitting film. With special light-transmitting triple films and one longitudinal transverse end of two double arches. With special compressors with two double arches, light-transmitting triple film and three longitudinal transverse ends. A device for opening and closing a window and pressing it against the window frame, which closes the window tightly with its thread. Locking means, such as special clamps, ensure the strength, integrity and operation of structural building elements in both horizontal and vertical planes.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that the windows consist of edges of different lengths, window frames which are mounted above the greenhouse housings and, respectively, frames of edge windows of different lengths. In the side parts of the window frame, in their corners, centering recesses are made, and in the front and rear parts, guides are made. Grooves are milled around the perimeter of the window frame, on its sides and in the upper part for fixing the sealing gaskets, and four recesses are made in the window frame: two inside the frame, one on the side of the frame and one in the upper part, which are clamped and clamped with film clamps. layers of light-transmitting film. They form three air gaps in the window frame.

Also, the object of the invention is achieved in that the door consists of separate frame parts and a door frame, where the frame is recessed on the side of the greenhouse, a light-transmitting film is fastened between the vertical, horizontal transverse part of the frame, double arches. Recesses are made in the entire side and top perimeter of the frame for the insertion of the gasket, and two recesses and one recess are made in the entire inner perimeter of the door frame, into which three layers of light-transmitting film forming two air gaps are fixed with film clamps.

The object of the invention is also achieved in that a light-transmitting film is sealed (compressed) in all sections between two adjacent double arches in all sections. Compressed air is supplied through the inner tube through a supply pipe in which the collectors are made, and

In the intermediate film B, recesses are made through which air enters the outer space between the film layers. Compressed air is fed through the collectors to the outer and inner housing sections simultaneously, forming two air gaps in them: the inner and outer.

THE INVENTION IS EXPLANED IN THE DRAWINGS FIG. shows an overall view of a multi-hull greenhouse.

fig. shows a general view of the foundations of a multi-building outdoor greenhouse, in section A-A - fixing and insulation of the foundations.

fig. the attachment of the upper base board to the double arches is shown.

fig. shows the connection of double greenhouse arches: a - general view, b - section of double arch with fastening of light-transmitting film.

fig. shows the application of the rear arches for opening and closing the ends of the greenhouse after removing the crossbars.

fig. shows the exact location of the fasteners: special two-arch and film clamp, special two-arch and one longitudinal transverse end clamp, special two-arch, film and two longitudinal transverse clamp, left-right thread greenhouse film fastening between the arches.

fig. shows the construction of a special two double arches, a film and a compressor.

fig. shows a special construction of two double arches, a film and one transverse end compressors.

fig. shows the construction of an intermediate, quadruple reciprocally shortened double-arch, film, and two cross-end left-right thread compressors.

fig. shows a special support, the fastening of its lower and upper parts with a water drain.

fig. a special construction of a water gutter mounting socket is shown.

fig. the section of the drainage gutter in a metal socket after heating it with foam is shown.

fig. shows a shortened attachment of double arches on the side of the drainage gutter.

fig. Shown: end of open greenhouse with films, horizontal elliptical rear arches, supports, air collector, drainage gutter, compressed construction site.

fig. the supply of compressed air between triple light-transmitting films is shown: a - general view; b - air collectors.

fig. the window detail is shown.

fig. shows sections of window (a) and door (b) and their guides (c).

fig. shows the construction of opening, closing and pressing the greenhouse window to the frame.

fig. the construction of a special two-arch and film compressor is shown.

fig. the construction of a special two-arch, film and one transverse compressor is shown.

fig. the construction of two arches, a film and two transverse end compressors is shown.

fig. shows a top view of a multi-hull greenhouse with water runoff directions.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION IN THE DRAWINGS

A multi-hull sectional greenhouse consists of an oval frame of three hulls: a left outer hull (1), an inner hull (2) and a right outer hull (3) mounted on a foundation (8) consisting of poles (5) with gaps insulated with foam ( 6), lower supports (8) for vertical supports that are fixed to the ground by concreting (7), an upper reference board (9) that is attached to a one-sided double arch on the outside (10). And its other end is attached to the intermediate quadruple mutually shortened arches (11). The upper part of the base board (9) is fastened with the upper transverse top (12). The lower part of the crossbars (12) is attached to a horizontal double arch (15). The middle crossbars (14) are fastened with the vertical crossbars (12). The lower rear double elliptical shapes of the mutually shortened arches (15) rest on the base poles (5) horizontally and the left end of this double arch (15) is attached to them. It is attached to the base bottom board (8), the right end of the arch is attached to the vertical transverse bottom end (12) and the horizontal elliptical end arch (15). The left shortened ends of the intermediate quadruple arch (16) are attached to the upper base board (9). At the top of the vertical crossbars (12) and the right ends of these intermediate shortened arches are attached to the top of the crossbars (12) and the water drainage channel (17), the right ends (10; 18) of the single-sided shortened outer body double arches rest on the water drainage channel (17). . The left and right sides of the mutually shortened double arches (10; 18) of the inner housing (2) and the outer housing rest on the right side of the drainage channel sides (17). The right-hand ends (10; 18) of these mutually shortened double arches of the second housing are embedded in the drainage channel (20). In the outer left and right side of the greenhouse (3), the left side one-sided truncated arches (10; 18) are fixed to the right side of the drainage channel (20). The ends of these double arches (10) on the right side are fixed to the lower base board (8) and the rear ends of the double-sided shortened double arches (18) are fixed to the upper base board (9). In a multi-hulled greenhouse, each of the arches consists of two adjacent arches and they are called double arches (10; 18). The outer casings have single-sided shortened arches (10) and double-sided shortened arches (18), one of which has a groove milled for the law of the sealing gasket along its entire perimeter, and the outer sides of the double arches are drilled two horizontally at the same distance. holes (21) with plastic bushings (22) embedded therein. Each double arch has recesses at its ends which support the lower and upper parts of the base board (8; 9) and the outer and inner part of the drainage gutter (17; 20), and their removal angle and height depend on the location of the arch and double arch angle (23; 24; 25; 26). All housing sections are individually covered with a light-transmitting triple sealing film (30). The double arches are central (10) which are mounted vertically, the rear arches (18) which are fixed at a corresponding angle to the central arches (10). The end edge arches (15) which are fastened to the poles (5), the intermediate quadruple arches (16) are fastened to the top of the vertical crossbars horizontally along their entire perimeter. The longitudinal crossbars (31) rigidly connecting the two adjacent central double arches are fastened at a corresponding angle, i. with a slope to the opposite arch, from the central double arch (10) to the right and left, the rear double adjacent arches (18) are interconnected by crossbars (32) with a slope to the inclined arches (18). The profile of the crossbars is rectangular in shape, with two metal latches (33) fixed at each end. The ends of the crossbars are secured with a metal rectangular ring (34), and at the ends of each crossmember there are sockets with fixed plastic bushings (35; 36). Between the left outer and inner housing, at equal distances, there are supports (7) which are fixed vertically to the ground (38), their lower part is framed by angles (39), the angles are reinforced with plates (40) and this structure is tightened with screws (41), their the lower part is concreted (42). On the upper part of the support, by fixing it rigidly, a water gutter support reinforcement socket (43) is placed, which is made of metal plates: lower (44), vertical (45), side (46), holes (47) are prepared in them for tightening the screw (48 ). At the bottom, the fastening socket is fastened with screws (48) to the lower water drain (49) by tightening them. On both sides, the fastening socket (43) together with the metal gutter (50), the side of the water drain (51), is fastened with screws (48). The entire drainage gutter is heated with foam (52) by attaching a triple light-transmitting film (30) to cover the greenhouse, which is placed under the foam (52) so that water drains along the slope of the gutter. A pressure board (53) is placed on the bottom of the foam. The sides of the drainage channel (51), where they fasten! double arches (10) and (18) are also heated by foam (52). When opening each multi-hull greenhouse end section (16,18), use a cable (54) via pulleys (55), two sloping double arches (18) and one double arch (16), to raise them from the intermediate quadruple arches to the required height with attached sealed arches. with light-transmitting films (30). At the ends of these sloping double arches, one fastening screw must remain, the double arches (18; 16) being returned to their former position when the tensioned cables (54) are released. The light-transmitting film (30) sealed in this way is not damaged. Water drainage ducts are provided with pipes (56) for draining water, as well as a supply air pipe (57) with air collectors (58) from which compressed air is supplied to the internal gaps through the nozzles (60). between films (60). Air is supplied to the outer air gap through existing holes (62) in the intermediate film (30), these holes (62) are reinforced with rings (63) glued from the film (30) on both sides to strengthen the hole, the nozzle (64) and the sealing gasket ( 65) is surrounded by an inner bottom film. A washer (67) is placed under them and the whole structure is tightened with a nut (68). In multi-building greenhouses, windows (69) consisting of a window frame (70) and a window frame (71) are fastened in the upper part. At the top of the window frame (70), two recesses (72) are made in which a sealing gasket (75) is inserted. On the side of the window frame (70), two recesses (72) are made in which a sealing gasket (75) is inserted. Centering recesses are made in the frame of the frame (76; 77). There are two recesses in the outer side of the window frame around the perimeter (73). A single film (30) is placed in the upper outlet (73) and pressed around the perimeter with the raised embosser (73). j A single film (30) is also placed on the side recess (73) on the side of the window frame, it is placed on the raised presser (73) along the entire perimeter of the frame. Inside the window frame, two recesses (74) are milled around the perimeter of the frame. A single light-transmitting film (30) is inserted into them, they are embossed with embossers (74). Four single films (30) are placed in the window frame (71), three air gaps are obtained, which increases the overall resistance of the window (71). a window frame (70; 71) fastening mechanism for opening and closing the window and pressing it to the frame, comprising: a holder (78), a special screw (79), a reinforcing ring (80), a socket (81), a stem (82) and a socket for inserting a stem (83), a support (84) is attached to the window frame (70) into which the stem (82) is inserted by connecting the window frame (70) to the window frame (71) .The parts of the greenhouse outer frames (1; 3) have an insertable door (85). ), consisting of a prefabricated door frame (86), in which a groove (87) is milled around the perimeter into which the sealing gaskets (88) are inserted, and two grooves (89) are milled in the inner part of the door frame, two recesses are milled in the inner frame ( 88; 89) into which two light-transmitting films (30) are inserted, they are pressed s secured with embossers (91). A groove (90) is milled in the upper part of the door frame over the entire perimeter. A single light-transmitting film (30) is inserted into the upper frame part by means of an embosser (91). Three light-transmitting films are fixed in the door frame - two air gaps are obtained.

In a multi-hull greenhouse, three types of special thread compressors (92; 93; 94), a special two-sheet and film compressor (92), a special two-sheet, film and single-transverse compressor (93), a special two-sheet film and two transverse left and right thread compressor (94). The number of compressors is built as needed.

In a multi-hull sectional greenhouse (1; 2; 3), the ends of the frames are oval-shaped, divided into separate sections (27; 28), each of which is individually covered and sealed with a three-layer sealed light-transmitting film (30) forming two air gaps, i. internal and external, which are filled with compressed air. The central crossbars (31) are arranged vertically and fixed between the double arches (10) at an appropriate angle to the right and to the left of the central arch (10). The end crossbars (32) are positioned and secured between the inclined arches (18). This provides rainwater and melting snow

LT 6755 B required direction for run. Water does not accumulate on the top of the housing, the light-transmitting film is not damaged.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The construction of a multi-building greenhouse starts from foundations 4; 5; 7; 8; 9 (Fig. 2). Initially, metal poles 5 (2 fig.) Are fixed to the ground, each of which must have a slope to the left and right of the central pole. The end poles (5) are fixed at the same distance according to the level of the last outer pole 5 (2 fig.) In the ground. On the outer side of the greenhouse, impregnated board 8 (2fig.) Is attached to the sides of the pole 5 (2fig.), The top of which is leveled according to the level with a slope from the middle board 8 (2fig.) To the right and left. All greenhouse 1; 2; 3; the outer foundations of the housings are heated to the top of the rear pole 5 (fig. 2) of the base board (8) by a foam plate 6 (Fig. 2). Heating the foundations in this way reduces heat loss during the cold season. Support supports 7 (2fig.) Are placed at equal distances between the left outer (1) and inner (2) housings, which are vertically fixed to the ground ground 38 (1fig.), Their lower part 40 (10fig.) Is reinforced with corners 39 (10fig.). ) and slabs 41 (10fig.) and {concreted 42 (10fig.). The upper part 46 (1 Ofig.) Of all supports must have the same slope as the outer base board 8; 9 (2fig.). The upper part 46 (1 Fig.) Of the supports is fitted with a water socket support mounting socket 43 (Fig. 12). On all sides there is a reinforcement socket 43 (12fig.), Together with a metal gutter 50 (12fig.), A water drain bottom and a side part 51 (12fig.), Fastened with screws 48 (12fig.). Drainage gutters 17; 20 (2fig.) (Field side) are heated with foam 52 (12fig.) By reinforcing them.

The water drain Iatakas17 (fig.2) must have the same slope from the center to the left and to the right as the outer upper and lower base boards 8; 9 (fig.2). The upper base board 9 (fig.2) is fastened at the required height, on the side of the outer housings 1; 3 (fig.1) to one shortened vertical double arch 10 (fig.2), and the other end 9 (fig.2) is fastened on the vertical crossbars 12 (Fig. 2) mounted on the lower base board 8 (Fig. 2), as well as the other end 9 (Fig. 2) of the upper base board are fixed to the intermediate horizontal quadruple arches 16 (Fig. 2), according to the lower base board the existing slope. Greenhouse housing 1; 2; 3; (Fig. 2) have lower end double arches 15 (Fig. 2) at the ends, which are fastened horizontally to the end poles 5 (Fig. 2). The rear edge intermediate quadruple arches 16 (Fig. 2) are mounted on top of the vertical crossbars 12 (Fig. 2) horizontally, along their entire perimeter. The left ends (16) of these quadruple arches 16 (Fig. 2) are fastened on top of the vertical crossbars (Fig. 2) and on the end of the base board (9) (Fig. 2). The right end of the intermediate quadruple arch 16 (Fig. 2) is attached to the top 12 of the vertical crossbar (Fig. 2) and to the end of the water drain gutter 17 (Fig. 2). The horizontal end bars 14 (Fig. 2) are fastened between the vertical bars 12 (Fig. 2). The side ends of the greenhouse housing (1; 2; 3) are obtained in a sleek elliptical shape. On the outer side of the side vertical double arches 10 (fig. 2) the ends 10 (fig. 2) rest (fixed) on the lower base board 8 (fig. 2), the left side inclined rear double shortened arches 18 (fig. 1) rest on their ends (embedded) in the base board 9 (Fig. 1) and the ends of the right-hand shortened arch 10; 18 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) are mounted in the upper part 17 of the water drain; 20 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

The multi-hull greenhouse frames 1; 2; 3 are formed from the central arches 10 (Fig. 1). Depending on the intended size of the greenhouse, the number of central double arches may be "n". Each of the arches 10 (Fig. 4) consists of two adjacent arches, so-called double arches, each of which has an outlet 23 at the bottom; 24; 25; 26 (fig. 5) for attaching them to the base board (8; 9) and the drainage channel 17; 20 (fig. 1). On the outer sides of the double arches 10; 18 (fig. 4), sockets are made in their respective places, with bushings 21 fixed therein; 22 (Fig. 4), into which the crossbars 31; 32 (Fig. 8) are inserted, the ends of which are inserted into the double arch sockets 22 (Fig. 8) with their fasteners 33 (Fig. 8). These structural elements, including the sealing gasket, the light-transmitting triple film 30 (Fig. 4) are clamped with clamps 92; 93; 94 (Fig. 19-21), their ends are inserted into the end sockets of the cross member 31 (Fig. 8). ; 36 (Fig. 8) and compressed with threaded compressors (92; 93; 94) (Figs. 19-21). In this way, two double arches facing each other are connected, forming sections: 27; 28; 29 (fig. 22). These greenhouse sections are formed and fixed on the base boards 8; 9 (fig. 2), the end piles 5 (fig. 2) and the water drain gutter 17; 20 (fig. 1). The arches are fastened one after the other to the left and to the right, starting with the construction of the central double arch 10 (Fig. 1). All the double arches 10; 18 are attached to the base boards 8,9 and the drainage channel 17; 20 by means of recesses 23; 24; 25; 26 (fig.5) made at their ends, but the recesses 24; 25; 26 (fig.5) the angle and height are different and depend on the setting and tilt angle of the rear double arches 24; 25; 26 (fig. 5). The central double arches 10 (Fig. 1) of the greenhouse are placed vertically, the rear double arches 18 (Fig. 1) are placed to the right and left of the central double arches at the respective angle of inclination. And the rear lower, side double arches 15 (fig. 2) are fastened horizontally to the base poles 5 (fig. 2). The rear intermediate elliptical quadruple arches 16 (Fig. 2) are mounted horizontally on the vertical crossbars 12 (Fig.2), and their ends are attached on the left side to the upper base board 9 (Fig.2), and the right side is attached on the crossbar 12 and water. the end of the drain chute 17; 20 (Fig. 1). The rear intermediate quadruple double arches 16 (Fig. 9), including the triple films 30, are secured with a left-right threaded screw clamp 94 (Fig. 9), one end of which is inserted into the socket 94 (Fig. 9) and the other end of the clamp embraces the upper arches 16 (Fig. 9), a three-layer light-conducting film 30 (Fig. 9), initially sealed on all sides, then inserted into the slot 35 (Fig. 8) of the crossbar 18 (Fig. 8), the cross retainers 33 (Fig. 8) .9) are inserted in the upper quadruple arch sockets 22 (fig.9), all these structural elements being compressed. Film between double arches 10; 18 (Fig. 6), which are connected by longitudinal crossbars 31; 32 (Fig. 6) are compressed by special two-sheet and film compressors (92; 93; 94 (Figs. 19-21)). In this way, sections 27; 28; 29 are formed (Fig. 22). All the longitudinal crossbars 31; 32 are rectangular in shape, have fixed locks 33 (Fig. 8) at their ends, and their ends are secured on the outside by a metal rectangular ring 33; 34 (Fig. 8) for reinforcing the transverse ends. At their lower part, at their ends, the longitudinal crossbars also have milled sockets with fixed plastic sleeves 36; 35 (fig. 8) for inserting special clamps. The longitudinal crossbars 31 (Fig. 8) connecting the two central double arches 10 (Fig. 1) are fastened at a corresponding angle t. y. with a slope to the opposite arch from the central arch to the right and left. The two rear adjacent double arches 32 (Fig. 6) are connected transversely to each other with a slope to the inclined arches. This creates a favorable direction for water drainage, and also prevents the formation of water pits (ice in winter) on the film (Fig. 22).

The windows 69 are fixed in the upper part of the greenhouse housing (Fig. 16) and are raised above the level of the housings in order to obtain good water drainage and to avoid water pits, the window frame 70 (Fig. 16) and at the same time the window frame 71 (Fig. 16). the edges are of different lengths. The longer end of the window is placed at the central arch and the shorter end at the opposite arch. The reinforcing part 69 is fixed throughout the window (fig. 16). The window frame 70 is built and fastened with threaded clamps to the greenhouse frame elements because they are composed of different individual parts. In this way, the film is not damaged. Window frames 70

Exceptions 72 (Fig. 16) are made in the upper and side parts of the LT 6755 B for the law of sealing gaskets 70; 73 (Fig. 16). In the inner part 71 of the window frame, two recesses 74 (Fig. 17) are made along its entire perimeter, into which a single light-transmitting film 30 (Fig. 17) is inserted, which is secured by clamps 74 (Fig. 17). On the outside and in the upper part of the window frame 71 (Fig. 17), two recesses 73 (Fig. 17) are made along the entire perimeter, into which a single layer of light-transmitting film 30 is inserted and secured with a clamp 73 (Fig. 17). Four layers of light-transmitting film 30 are fixed to the window frame 71 (Fig. 17), at the same time creating three air gaps. Greenhouses provide additional thermal resistance.

The mechanism for opening and closing the window and pressing it against the frame (Fig. 18) is attached to the window frame 71 (Fig. 18), which consists of a holder 78, a special screw 79, a reinforcing ring 80, a socket 81; 83, a turned rod 82 2 units. The stem 82 with its socket 81; 83 is inserted into the socket 84 for inserting the stem, which is attached to the window frame 70 (Fig. 16). The opening and closing of the window is regulated by changing the parking sockets 81; 83. During the winter, the window frame is pressed against the frame sealing gaskets75 (Fig. 17) with a special screw 79, its force.

In the outer frame part 1; 3 (fig.1) of a multi-building greenhouse, a door 85 (fig.1) is built, which consists of a door frame 86 (fig.17), which consists of separate building elements and is fastened with threaded clamps to the greenhouse frame door. in the frame, in the outer part of which two grooves 88 (fig. 17) are milled along the entire length for the insertion of the light-transmitting single film 30 (fig. 17), presses 87 are used to press it. A groove 90 in the film 30 is milled over the entire perimeter of the door frame. law and fastened with the clamp 91 (Fig. 17). In the inner part of the door frame 85 (Fig. 17), two recesses 88 (Fig. 17) are milled along the entire perimeter, which are inserted by two separate films 30 and secured with embossers 89 (Fig. 17). Three films are placed in the door frame, two air gaps are obtained. The door and window frames are provided with guides 76; 77 (Fig. 17), which ensure the alignment of the upper parts of the window door frames during assembly.

Special clamps are used to reinforce the greenhouse structural element (Fig. 19, Fig. 20, Fig. 21). T.y. a special two-sheet and film clamp 92 (Fig. 6) which embraces said structural elements and compresses them by means of a right-hand screw. A special compressor 93 (Fig. 6) for two double arches, a film 30 (Fig. 6) and a single transverse end 35 (Fig. 7). A clamp 93, one end of which is inserted into the bottom 35 of the transverse end (Fig. 8) and compresses the existing structural elements by means of a right-hand thread. A special clamp 94 (fig.9) of two double arches, a light-transmitting triple film and two transverse ends 35 (fig. 8), which has left and right threads made at their ends, is inserted at the ends into the bottom of the two transverse ends 35 (fig. 8), clamps the structural members and compresses by means of the left and right thread nuts 94 (Fig. 6), securing the structural elements. The lower double arches (Fig. 16) of the quadruple horizontal arch 16 (Fig. 9) with the triple film 30 are compressed with the compressor 92 (Fig. 9) by inserting it between the two double arches 16 (Fig. 9) into the milled outlet. The upper double arches with the light-transmitting film 30 are compressed with the compressor 93 (Fig. 9) by inserting one end into the lower hole 35 (Fig. 8) of the transverse end and inserting the other end of the compressor 93 (Fig. 9) between the two double arches 16 (fyg.9). The double lower arches between them have a light-transmitting film and the upper double arches 16 (Fig. 9) are compressed with compressors 92; 93 (Fig. 9), the entire construction of these elements is compressed with left-right thread compressors 94 (Fig. 9).

These special compressors allow to firmly connect the structural elements of the greenhouse, as well as easily disassemble and assemble them, maintain the entire structure of the greenhouse, ensure the integrity of the structure, increase the rigidity of the structure in vertical and horizontal planes.

Compressed air (Fig. 15) is supplied to the hermetically sealed triple light-transmitting film gaps 60, 61 (Fig. 15) of each section 27, 28, 29, from a plastic tube 57 (Fig. 15), from a double manifold 58 from which the tubes The air is distributed simultaneously to the two side sections via pipes 60. The nozzle 64 and sealing gaskets 65 are mounted on the inside of the inner film 30 and on the outside on the nozzle 64 with sealing gaskets 65, a washer 67 is placed and the whole structure is tightened with a nut 68. holes 60; 62 (Fig. 15) are made in the inner film, which are reinforced on both sides with rings 63 to maintain their tightness and strength by gluing them with films. Compressed air is supplied by pipes 59 to the inner film gap through holes 60 and to the outer air gap through holes 62. In a sectional greenhouse, two air gaps and double thermal resistance are possible.

In summer, the rear crossbars 32 (Fig. 1), the double rear cross-arches 16 can be removed for better cooling of the greenhouses; 18 (Fig. 14) with light-transmitting films 30 can be placed in a vertical position (Fig. 14) using cables 54 and crossbars 55 (Fig. 14). When the air is cold, the crossbars and double arches are returned to their former location. Film, structural elements are not damaged.

The multi-hull sectional greenhouse consists of an oval-shaped three-hull frame 1; 2; 3 (Fig. 1). The greenhouse windows 69 (Fig. 16) are mounted above the upper part 28; 29 (Fig. 1) of the central sections. The ends of the windows are different 69 (Fig. 16), which results in a good slope of the water drain. In the central sections 28; 29, all the crossbars 31 (Fig. 22) are fixed at a corresponding angle to the opposite double arch 10 (Fig. 22), the end crossbars 32 (Fig. 22) are fixed between the end arches 18 (Fig. 22), which are placed at an angle to the reference frames. with respect to boards 8; 9. Therefore, due to the arrangement of the above-mentioned structural elements in the greenhouse housings 1; 2; 3 (fig. 22), good water drainage is obtained, as well as the formation of a water-permeable film 30 for water pits (in winter - ice).

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

A new set of multi-hull greenhouse components, thanks to an oval frame covered with a triple layer of light-transmitting film 30, filled with air between them, makes it possible to create a mobile, low-cost, economical, low-heat, fast construction and demolition greenhouse for the cultivation of organic land. In addition, such a sleek greenhouse design easily withstands the stresses of nature, such as water, wind or snow, and their sections are easily dismantled and prepared for the next season. When the yield of cultivated products decreases, the whole greenhouse can be moved to a new location, and the structural elements of the greenhouse are not damaged. The greenhouse structure is built of building elements of a special configuration, i. y. arches, longitudinal crossbars, foundations, special compressors, which are centered in the vertical and horizontal planes and withstand the structural load. Special structural compressors reinforce the building elements, arches, crossbars and are able to partially assume the supporting properties of the structure, withstand the structural load. The building elements themselves, such as arches, have sockets, the longitudinal cross members have a retainer, and the sockets at the bottom are load-bearing structures. When they are compressed together with special compressors, they meet the load-bearing capacity requirements. The interconnection of these structures is an integral part of the structure and simultaneously performs several main functions: interconnects the building elements (arches, longitudinal transverse and triple

LT 6755 B light-transmitting film, at the same time ensures the integrity of the structure, increases the rigidity of the structure and the calculated loads, redistributes all structural possibilities. The increase in the additional capacity of the structure is carried out using an arched greenhouse system, which is a common part of the greenhouse and all this allows to achieve the set goal.

Claims (14)

DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION 1. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse is known for assembling and connecting interconnecting hexagonal multi-hull buildings-greenhouses 12-14 by interconnecting pipes located in each of the six walls of a rectangular building and secured to each other by bolts and nuts 22, thus connecting two gravel joints. and roof rafters 24, a hexagonal tube 50 is used to connect the beams, and hexagonal tubes 26-36 are used to connect the rafters at the top, the bottom of the equal supports 20-30 is fixed to the ground 6, their top is fastened between two adjacent beams 22-32, connecting at the top to the support 20, thus, two or more such buildings - greenhouses - are constructed in order to increase the strength and area of the general structure in m ² , characterized in that a multi-building sectional greenhouse consisting of at least three 1; 2; 3 buildings mounted on the foundation is interconnected and covered with a light-transmitting film 30 which are dome-shaped with two frame 85 and windows 69, that each housing consists of an “n” number of double-arched central vertical sections 28; 29 and three rear sections 27, arches 18 mounted at an appropriate angle to the upper base board 9, with respect to the central double-vertical arches 10 and the rear the lower side double arches 15, which are mounted on poles 5, the four arches 16 mounted on the top of the vertical crossbars 12 horizontally along their entire perimeter, in summer the end sections 27, their double arches 18 can be placed in a vertical position for better greenhouse cooling, one section consists of two , crossbars 31; 32 interconnected, double arches 10; 18, the lower ends of which on the outer sides of the housings are fixed to a base board 8; Double shortened arches 10 of the 3 and inner housing sections 10; 18 on the other side, attached to a water drain gutter 17-20, which is mounted on vertical supports 7 fixed to the ground between two adjacent arches 10; Attached to section 18 is a triple end-sealed light-transmitting film 30 filled with compressed air, forming two air gaps, 60 and an outer 61, which is fed through the nozzles 59 of the collector 58 to all greenhouse sections 1; 2; 3. 2. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the side and end poles of the foundations are rectangular, each subsequent side pole being shorter than the one in front of it, forming a corresponding right and left slope with respect to the central section 28; 29, the end piles 5 are fastened at one height level of the last side poles, along the entire perimeter of the pole arrangement, the foundation is insulated with foam plates 6, which rest on a base board 8. 3. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the base board 8 is wooden, impregnated and mounted on the side poles 5 with corresponding slopes to the right and left of the central sections 28; 29, on the outside of the greenhouse end sections. 9 is fixed at the required height according to the slope of the lower base board, to one side of the shortened vertical double arch 10, and the other part is mounted on the top of the vertical cross members 12 fixed in the lower base board 8, and also to the intermediate horizontal quadruple arch 16. 4. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear lower edges of the mutually shortened double arches 15 are mounted on poles 5 horizontally along their entire perimeter, on which the bottom 12 of vertical crossbars is attached, on the end of the upper base board 12 9, two double-sided shortened arches 15 are attached to the edge of the drainage channel 17; 16, which are called quadruple arches, results in a raised end of the greenhouse in the shape of a vertical ellipse. 5. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical supports 7 built by the outer housing 1,3 and the inner housings 2 are reinforced at the bottom, on the housing connection side, by angles 40 concreted in the ground 38, all supports above the central support 7, must have the same slope to the left and to the right as the upper 9 and the lower reference boards 8. 6. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the top sockets 46 of each vertically standing support 7 are reinforced with each other so that the bottom of the socket 46 has a slope to the left and right of the central supports as both base boards 8; 7. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that a water drainage gutter 17; 20 is inserted and secured in all support mounting sockets 46, on the sides of which the ends of shortened one-sided 10 and two-sided double arches 18 are fastened, all gutters are heated 17; LT 6755 B plates 52; 53, light-transmitting triple films 30 are placed on top and bottom of the sides 30. 8. The multi-hull sectional greenhouse of claim 1, wherein each of the arches 10; 18 consists of two adjacent arches, called double arches, one-sided truncated arches 10 in the outer casings, two-sided truncated arches 10 in the inner casing, one of which has a groove 90 milled on its inner perimeter, and a sealing gasket on the outer arch side. two horizontal holes 21, 22 with bushings are drilled at a suitable distance from the foundation, each double arch having recesses 23 at its ends which support the upper part of the base board 8; 9 and the side board of the drainage channel, and their removal angle 10 and height 23; 24; 25; 26 depends on the location of the double arches and the angle of inclination 15. 9. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the double arches are central 10, they are mounted vertically, they can be the number "n", the rear 18 are mounted at an appropriate angle to the central double arches 10, the lower lower double arches are mounted on poles 5, the rear edge quadruple arches 16 are mounted on top of the vertical crossbars 12, horizontally along their entire perimeter. 10. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal crossbars 31 rigidly connecting the two central adjacent arches 10 are fastened at a corresponding angle, i. with a slope to the opposite arch 10, to the right and left of the central arch 10, and the rear double adjacent arches 18 are interconnected by longitudinal crossbars 32 with a slope to the inclined arches 18, thus covering the greenhouse housing sections 1; 2; 3 triple film 30, resulting in a slope for good water run-down. 11. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile of the longitudinal crossbars 31; 32 is rectangular, it has two round metal latches 33 fixed at its ends, metal rectangular rings 34 are fixed on the outside, and at the bottom of each crossbar 31; 32 there are made sockets 35; 36 with plastic bushings, the ends of the crossbars 31; 32 are fixed flush with the double arches 10; 18 at the top. 12. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1 LT 6755 B in that all the structural elements of the greenhouse are reinforced (compressed) as required with special thread compressors 92; 93; 94. 13. A multi-building sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the windows 69 have edges 70; 71 of different lengths, as well as window frames, the windows 69 are mounted above the greenhouses 1; 2; 3 with respective edges of different lengths, at the window frame 70 and the window 71 is fastened with a window opening-closing, clamping mechanism 78-83, grooves 72; 75 are milled along the entire perimeter of the window frame and frame, four removals 73; 4 are made in the window frame, they are fixed and four layers are embossed light-transmitting film 30, it forms three air gaps in the window frame. 14. A multi-hull sectional greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that between two adjacent double arches 10; 18, a triple, sealed, light-transmitting film 30 is attached to the sections 1; 2; 3, compressed air is supplied to the inner space between the films through the tubes 59; 60 of the supply pipe manifold 58, and recesses 62 are made in the intermediate film 30, through which the compressed air enters the outer space 61 between the films, the compressed air is fed simultaneously to the outer and inner housing sections, forming two air gaps therein.