LT5829B - Decentralized recuperator - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of this invention is a special design of counter-flow exchange recuperator, which is easily integrated into the partition, and lengthening of its dimensions longitudinally does not increase transverse dimensions. This guarantees not only easy mounting and compactness, but also ensures very good heat exchange in heat exchanger of recuperator. The basis of heat exchanger is made of a corresponding system, which can be rotated around its longitudinal axis and in this way operate in not only ventilation mode, but also in ventilation and cooling mode. Recuperator system has holes, where material is placed, ensuring not only heat exchange, but also moisture transfer. After the corresponding accordion-shaped endings are cut off in the design of heat exchanger, moisture and / or heat permeable fibres are inserted between loosely hanging plates. These fibres do not let air or hardly let air, reduce system vibration and improve general system moisture permeability. To reduce electricity consumption, surrounding surfaces of the protective elements, which protect airstreams, are covered with photocell layer that converts solar energy to electrical energy.

Description

Indoor ventilation has been a problem in the world for a long time, but now that people living in cities spend about 80% of their time indoors, this problem has become particularly acute. In addition to indoor ventilation, there is another problem: with the air leaving the room, heat and humidity also escape. That is why people are trying to design different devices that not only provide good ventilation but also save heat and retain moisture. Over time and as new needs and requirements have evolved, new recuperators have been developed with new features and exceptional designs.

Known Russian patent no. RU2328683, Published 2008 July 10 This patent describes a passive annular plate multi-directional recuperator in which converging air currents passing through parallel metal plates forming an annular structure transfer their heat to the plates and are drawn in or out of the room. The advantage of this design is that it can accommodate multiple air streams in different directions, but the annular design severely limits the path length of the air flows through the structure. For this reason, this design has a number of problems: this system does not guarantee good heat exchange between the incoming and outgoing airflow and the installation process of such a design is complicated because the whole system has to be completely fixed to the wall.

Also known is Korean patent no. KR20040059267 (EP1621824), published June 2006. 1 February This patent describes a ventilation system which, by means of fans, expels the indoor air to the outside and draws specially prepared air into the room. In this system, the outdoor air passes through a specially prepared medium where the outdoor air is prepared appropriately: heated, humidified and the like. To this end, the equipment shall include a water supply system. However, such a solution is not cost-effective since it involves the outgoing and incoming air flows through separate ducts and there is no heat exchange between them, i.e. the heat of the air in the room is pushed out and is not used. Also, such equipment is very difficult to install and control, since the control of the ventilation system is further enhanced by the control of the water supply system.

Known Chinese patent no. CN201269705, Published 2009 July 8 This patent describes a tube-type heat exchanger. The tubes provide air to the room and heat is removed from the tubes inside the enclosed space using a complex tunnel system. This design is clumsy enough because it requires a sophisticated heat transfer system. The tubes are small in diameter and long, causing strong resistance to air flow. In addition, such tubes can easily become clogged with grease and other small unwanted objects.

The closest to the prior art is Swiss patent no. CH699308, published 2010 February 26th This patent describes a wall-integrated cross-exchange heat exchanger design for ventilating rooms. The system consists of a part where the heat exchange of the air flows takes place, the fans and the electronic part of the control. Although the whole system is mobile enough and does not require an additional heat dissipation system, it has some drawbacks. One of them is complicated assembly work, since the incoming and outgoing air flows in the cross-type heat exchanger are arranged at 90 degrees to each other and increasing the passage length increases the overall dimensions of the unit and the larger dimensions immediately increase the unit cost. Another drawback is that the crossover exchanger has a maximum theoretical heat transfer efficiency of only 50%. Furthermore, the design of this analogue does not provide for a cooling (bypass circuit) mode.

THE SUBSTANCE OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a special reverse swap recuperator which is easy to integrate into a partition structure (e.g. into a wall) and whose extension in the longitudinal direction does not affect the extension of the transverse dimensions, i.e. the recuperator can be long and small in diameter. This guarantees not only easy installation and compactness, but also very good heat exchange in the heat exchanger itself, with a theoretical heat transfer efficiency of rj = 1. The heat exchanger in the recuperator, which may be long and small in diameter, is housed in a circular tubular structure with blind or blind-screwed ends, which are provided with special corresponding openings for the entry / exit of warm / cold air.

An essential feature of the present invention is that this reverse swap recuperator can be of sufficiently large length and narrow diameter to provide good heat exchange; the heat exchanger can rotate around its longitudinal axis using a mode switch, thus operating not only in the room ventilation mode but also in the ventilation and cooling (heat dissipation) mode;

the recuperator system has special cavities and can contain material that ensures not only heat exchange but also the transfer of moisture from the warm air stream to the cold air stream; the structure of the heat exchanger may incorporate moisture and / or heat impermeable fibers of material that are impermeable to or substantially impermeable to air, reduce system vibration and further improve the overall system moisture permeability;

there are appropriate fans to direct the flow of air; batteries placed inside the recuperator system for the storage and supply of electricity;

there are filters to purge the directed airflow from debris, small objects and unwanted odors; and is provided with an electronic control unit, which may be equipped with sensors for temperature, pressure, humidity and other parameters, as well as for controlling fans and other associated electronic auxiliaries.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram (side view) of a reverse swap recuperator.

FIG. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional recuperator in cross section (ventilation and cooling modes).

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inverter recuperator in the cross-section (ventilation mode).

FIG. Fig. 4 is a general view of the design of the reverse swap (additional drawing)

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

There are two types of recuperators most commonly used in the world: crossover or reverse swap. Cross-type recuperators are the most common, but this type of construction has some drawbacks. One of them is installation: during installation of cross recuperators, two holes must be drilled in the enclosure structure (eg - ^): for warm and cold air. This ¹ greatly complicates the installation and increases the linear (perimeter) thermal loss of the ventilation system. Also, in the case of a cross recuperator, the longer the air flow path, the longer (for a longer period of time) heat exchange can take place in the recuperator to increase the cross-section of the recuperator, which is often unacceptable. On the other hand, the theoretical heat transfer efficiency of the cross-exchanger is only η = 0.5, while the theoretical heat transfer efficiency of the counter-exchanger can be as high as η = 1.0. However, reverse swap type recuperators are usually implemented as a tubular or plate ring-shaped system. The pipe system has a sufficiently high resistance, clogs quickly, is difficult to clean and requires additional heat transfer equipment.

The plate-ring system resembles a cross-type recuperator (eg RU2328683) and has similar drawbacks: bulky installation problems and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency due to insufficient long path in the heat exchanger.

*

In order to achieve the highest heat transfer efficiency η and to avoid the difficulty of installing the recuperator, a substantially new design of the type of reverse swap recuperators is provided, the general scheme of which is illustrated in Figs. 1. This recuperator (1) consists of the following basic assemblies: the cold recuperator part (2), the warm recuperator part (3), the partition structure (4) and the special heat exchanger (5) construction, which is placed inside the recuperator (1). Preferably, said cold (2) and warm (3) portions of the recuperator are in the form of a tube whose length, without changing the diameter of the recuperator (1), can be long enough and can be changed as required. To ensure the compactness of the structure, the recuperator (1) is integrated into the partition structure (4), which function can be performed by the external / internal wall of the ventilated building or room. In this way, with respect to the partition structure (4), the cold part (2) of the recuperator is directed outwards and the warm part (3) of the recuperator is directed outwards. The construction of the heat exchanger (5) itself is enclosed in a circular tube (2, 3) whose cold (6) and warm (7) ends are blind closed or screwed. In order to provide ventilation and heat exchange functions, said recuperator (1) has special four openings (8, 9, 10, 11). The warm recuperator part (3) has two opposing openings (8, 10): one opening (8) for entering the indoor air into the heat exchanger (5) and another opening (10) for the outside air to exit the heat exchanger (5). into the room. The cold part of the recuperator (2) also has two opposing openings (9, 11): one opening (9) is used to exit the indoor air from the heat exchanger (5) to the outside and the other opening (11) to enter the outdoor air. the heat exchanger (5). The area of said openings (8, 9, 10, 11) is subject to change, i.e. height or width can be varied as required. The opening (8) is fitted with a fan for pushing or drawing air from the room to the heat exchanger (5), and the opening (11) is equipped with a fan for pushing air from outside to the exchanger (5). Also, if required to further reduce the impedance impedance of the heat exchanger to the air flow, two additional fans can be connected to the openings (9, 10) and actuated accordingly. In addition, properly selected air filters are installed in front of the fans to keep the air flow clean and to protect the heat exchanger (5) from unwanted small objects or debris. Said recuperator (1) may also have a mode switch (12) which can rotate and change the position of the heat exchanger (5) in the recuperator (1) relative to the axis of rotation of said switch (12). Said mode switch (12) may be rotated manually or by a specially adapted electronic and / or mechanical gear or similar mechanism. All of the aforementioned parts (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12) of the recuperator (1) are made of suitable strong heat and water resistant materials, e.g. metal, glass, ceramic, hard plastic or composite materials. The dimensions of each of these parts can be fixed or recalculated and adjusted for each individual installation.

FIG. 2 is. a cross-sectional design of the counter-swap recuperator (1) is presented. The heat exchanger (5) integrated inside the recuperator (1) is inextricably connected to a mode switch (12) capable of rotating the heat exchanger (5) of the recuperator (1) in the longitudinal direction about the axis of said switch (12). In one embodiment, a heat exchanger (5) is provided, the construction of which consists of heat exchanger plates (13) arranged in parallel to one another and running in opposite directions in and out air flows. Depending on the design of the recuperator (1), the distance between the heat exchanger plates (13) may be certain fixed, uniform, different or adjustable. The heat exchanger plates (13) may be made of a high heat permeable stainless material, e.g. metal, glass, ceramic, carbon, plastic, special heat and water resistant paper, composite materials and the like. In order to prevent mixing of air flows from the room to the room, the heat exchanger plates (13) are interconnected so that the edges of the plates (13) are cone-shaped so as to prevent the flow of air through adjacent plates, to mingle. Said conical joints may be more or less sharp, and said conical joints may also be rectangular or other irregularly shaped. Each plate (13) of the heat exchanger borders on different air flows, i.e. air is drawn from the room on one side of the plate and air drawn into the room on the opposite side of the plate. Since the heat exchanger plates (13) have good heat transfer, the warm air leaving the room transfers its heat to the heat exchanger plates (13), which transfer the accumulated heat to the outside cold air flowing from the other side. In this way not only is the room ventilated, but also the heat is preserved and retained. The said plates (13) can take various forms: flat, rough (sponge-like) and the like.

Because the heat exchanger (5) has a square or rectangular construction, when mounted in a circular tube (cylinder) (2, 3), four arcuate voids are formed in the inner circumference of said tube. In order to direct the air only to the heat exchanger (5), the two opposed cavities can be sealed with material (14) and the other two can be sealed, i.e. left vacant. This material (14) shown in Figs. 3, not only performs the sealing function, but also reduces vibrations in the heat exchanger (5); more importantly, it passes through the indoor air humidity, which enters the outdoor air stream and with it is carried back into the room. In this way, the air leaving the room leaves not only part of its heat but also moisture in the heat exchanger (5). In order to further reduce system vibration and to further increase moisture transfer in the heat exchanger (5), said cone-shaped or other shaped joints between the plates (13) are «cut and between the loose hanging plates at their ends along the heat exchanger (5). is a material that is hermetically sealed with (soft) moisture and / or heat permeable fibers which are impermeable to or substantially impermeable to air.

The heat exchanger (5) is not permanently fixed in the pipe (2, 3), so by using the mode switch (12) and rotating the heat exchanger (5) around its longitudinal axis, the recuperator (1) can operate in several modes: ventilation and cooling (heat dissipation). (Fig.2) and ventilation mode (Fig. 3). Ventilation mode includes extraction of indoor air, supply of outdoor air to the room, heat and moisture exchange in the heat exchanger (5). Ventilation and cooling modes include the extraction of indoor air into the open air, the supply of heat to the open air and the exchange of moisture in the heat exchanger (5). Because the unit (1) connects the indoor air to the spider outside, no additional pipe installation is required to ventilate the room.

The direct flow of air into the heat exchanger shortens the air supply path and reduces pressure losses. This results in lower electricity costs. Also, the shape of the recuperator (1) is very compact and very easy to install on the wall of the building, since during installation it is only necessary to drill one hole in the wall which is very close to the transverse diameter of the recuperator (1). Because there is only one hole, the linear heat loss of the system at the perimeter is reduced.

To provide appropriate electronic control of the supplied regenerator (1) system, it shall be fitted with and equipped with appropriate electronic control equipment capable of sensing temperature, pressure, humidity and other parameters, and controlling fans and other associated electronic auxiliaries as appropriate.

In order to reduce the consumption of electricity, the enveloping surfaces of the protective elements which protect said airflow openings (8, 9, 10, 11) are covered with a layer of photocells which convert light into electricity. Batteries are also integrated inside the recuperator (1) to store and supply electricity to the recuperator (1) parts / units as required.

The heat exchanger (5) of the recuperator (1) can be made of an electrically conductive material and can be heated / heated by passing an electric current through it. In this way, it is possible not only to freeze, but also to heat the air entering the room from outside. In addition, heating the heat exchanger (5) can defrost and evaporate the condensate that accumulates in the heat exchanger (5) during use of the recuperator (1).

The design of the supplied recuperator (1) achieves very high technical characteristics, is simple and cheap to manufacture, compact during installation and during operation in ventilation, ventilation and cooling and air heating modes.

By integrating a lighting element into one end of the recuperator (1), visible from the outside, it is possible to use a combination of such recuperators to illuminate the walls of the house and, depending on the direction of the lighting elements, the home environment.

DEFINITION OF INVENTION

Claims (9)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. A decentralized recuperator consisting of a heat exchanger, fans and / or electronic control unit, characterized in that it consists of: a warm recuperator part (3) placed indoors relative to the partition structure (4); a cold part (2) of the recuperator located outside with respect to the partition structure (4); cold (6) and warm (7) ends for sealing said recuperator parts (2, 3); air flow openings (8, 9, 10, 11); a square or rectangular heat exchanger (5) integrated into said recuperator portions (2, 3); materials (14) for sealing, vibration reduction and moisture transfer functions; a fan for directing air flows; filters for purifying air flows; and an electronic control unit that may include sensors for temperature, pressure, humidity, and other parameters, and control said fans and other associated auxiliary electronic devices respectively; said cold (2) and warm (3) portions of the recuperator being preferably tubular in shape, the length of which without changing the diameter of the recuperator (1) can be sufficiently long and adjustable as required; the cold (6) and warm (7) ends are blind closed or screwed; the warm part (3) of the recuperator has two opposing openings (8, 10), where one opening (8) is used to enter the room air A heat exchanger (5), the other opening (10) for exiting the air from the heat exchanger (5) into the room; the cold part (2) of the recuperator also has two opposing openings (9, 11), where one opening (9) is used for exiting the indoor air from the heat exchanger (5) to the outside and the other opening (11) is for outdoor air entering the heat exchanger (5); in the ventilation mode, the heat exchanger (5) performs the functions of ventilation, heat transfer and moisture transfer, and in the ventilation and cooling mode performs the functions of ventilation, cooling (heat transfer) and moisture transfer. A decentralized recuperator according to claim 1, characterized in that said square or rectangular heat exchanger (5) integrated in said recuperator portions (2, 3) consists of heat exchanger plates (13) arranged in parallel with one another, air flows in opposite directions on the sides, whereby the heat exchanger plates (13) are interconnected with each other so that cone joints are formed at the edges of the heat exchanger (5) to prevent the air flows passing through adjacent plates to be mixed; said conical joints may be more or less sharp, and said conical joints may be rectangular or other irregularly shaped. Decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a fan is mounted on the opening (8) for pushing or drawing air from the room to the heat exchanger (5), a fan which is mounted on the opening (11) or by drawing air from the field to the heat exchanger (5), and in order to further reduce the impedance impedance of the heat exchanger to the air flow, two further fans may be connected to the openings (9, 10) respectively. A decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, further comprising a special mode switch (12) which can rotate and rotate the recuperator (1) from the ventilation and cooling mode to the ventilation mode or vice versa. changing the position of the heat exchanger (5) in the converter (1) relative to the axis of rotation of said switch (12), wherein said mode switch (12) can be rotated manually or by a specially adapted electronic and / or mechanical gear or similar mechanism. Decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that all said parts of the recuperator (1) and the heat exchanger are made of the same or different solid and heat and water resistant materials, e.g. metal, glass, carbon, ceramic, hard plastic, specialty paper, composite materials. Decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in order to further reduce the system vibration and to further increase the moisture transfer in the heat exchanger (5), said conical or other irregularly shaped joints between the plates (6). 13), are cut off, and between the resulting free hanging plates, moisture and / or heat permeable fibers of material that are impermeable or nearly air-tight are hermetically secured at their ends. Decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in order to reduce the power consumption, the enveloping surfaces of the protective elements which protect said air flow openings (8, 9, 10, 11) are covered by photocells. a layer that converts light energy into electricity that can be stored in batteries integrated inside the recuperator (1). A decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in order to heat the air entering the field and to defrost and evaporate the condensate which accumulates in the heat exchanger (5) during use of the recuperator (1). (i) The heat exchanger (5) is 12 EN 5829 B is made of an electrically conductive material and can be heated / heated by passing an electric current through it. Decentralized recuperator according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a single illuminating element capable of illuminating the walls of the house and / or the surroundings of the house is integrated into one end surface of the recuperator (1) visible from the outside.