LT5314B - Device for recycling rubber-containing waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to disposal and recycling of scrap or used rubber products, more specifically to recycling of spent tires, conveyor belts, rubber pipes. A device for recycling rubber-containing waste comprises a disintegrator provided with mechanical deformation means of the said waste and means for supplying ozone-containing gas and a separator of non-rubber materials and a sizer of rubber particles according to its size. The novelty of this device is that the disintegrator provided with mechanical deformation means of the said waste and means for supplying ozone-containing gas and been capable to return material to be treated into the sizer is arranged past the sizer.

Description

Technical field.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to equipment for recycling and disposing of rubber-containing articles such as worn-out car tires, conveyor belts, hoses, belts, and waste.

Recycling is essential to reduce environmental contamination, and the economic expediency of recycling this type of waste is based on the ability to reuse rubber-based materials for new construction products and materials.

For the proper and efficient use of rubber material, it is necessary to separate it from non-rubber materials contained in the recyclable waste and to grind the material into fine dispersion powder.

State of the art.

Mechanical recycling lines are used for recycling rubber-containing waste. Such lines use sequentially arranged mechanical crushing and grinding machines: rotary knife crushers, rollers, mills. Significant multiple deformations of the elastic material being rubbed and its heat-up during mechanical decomposition require high electrical energy consumption and material degradation, and release of decomposing rubber is a highly volatile organic product.

In addition, mechanical treatment of rubber-containing waste containing metal and textile reinforcing elements results in intensive wear to the working parts. Comminuting the extraneous matter together with the rubber makes it difficult to separate, which degrades the quality and reduces the yield.

The ozone recycling method for rubber-containing waste is described in RU Pat. 2060882, 2111859, 2123425, and U.S. Pat. European Patent No. 5,492,657; No. 0816035, enables efficient dismantling of the rubber base and separation of rubber from reinforcing elements. The use of the ozone method allows to significantly reduce electricity consumption and equipment wear, prevent mechanical destruction of rubber and preserve all its valuable elastic properties, and improve the quality of extraneous material separation from rubber.

² EN 5314 B

The above-mentioned patents describe several ozone recycling facilities for rubber-containing waste. A prototype of the device provided is a selected device described in RU patent no. 2111859 andEP 0816035.

The key element in the known device is the ozone disintegrator. In order for ozone-based rubber products to be recycled, the disintegrator's working chamber must have mechanical deformation means for recyclable technical rubber-containing waste and feed ozone-containing gas. In addition to the disintegrator, the known device consists of:

a classifier for loading and unloading the recyclable rubber-containing waste and separating the metal and textiles from the shredded product, for sizing the rubber fragments obtained during shredding.

Such a device makes it possible to dispose of rubber-containing waste and to isolate the materials contained therein, but prevents the production of a commercial product in the form of a clean, finely dispersed, particulate rubber powder.

The proposed device enables the complex recycling of rubber-containing waste, including ozone disintegration of recyclable waste, as well as the ozone disintegration of the rubber material, and enables the production of a predetermined particle size fine dispersion rubber powder product without any impurities.

The essence of the invention.

The technical result of using this unit is the recycling of rubber-containing waste into a predetermined size of rubber powder that is free of rubbery impurities.

This result is achieved through the use of appropriately harmonized ozone recycling chambers, non-rubber material separators and size classifications of crushed rubber particles.

The ozone recycling plant for rubber waste shall have at least two successive ozone recycling chambers. The first chamber, hereinafter referred to as the disintegrator, disintegrates the rubber backing of the recyclable waste material and separates the rubber material from the reinforcing elements in the second chamber, hereinafter referred to as the shredder, and comminutes the rubber particles. Disintegrator Shredder and has ³ EN 5314 B recycled materials, mechanical deformation means and the ozone-containing gas supply means, hereinafter called ozonizer.

Between the disintegrator and the shredder is a metal separator, a non-metallic impurity separator, and a rubber particle size classifier, which separates the rubber powder having the required particle dispersion as a commercial product. The stream of recycled material passed through the shredder returns to the classifier to isolate the commodity product.

To better distinguish non-rubber reinforcing materials, the unit may have an additional classifier of disintegration products placed directly behind the disintegrator and may return some of the material for recycling to the disintegrator.

For additional cleaning of the resulting rubber powder, the unit may have an additional non-rubber material separator (metal, textile, etc.) placed below the rubber particle size classifier.

In order to obtain a product with the required degree of chemical activity of the surface of the rubber powder particles, it is necessary to provide an appropriate level of processing of the material in an environment containing ozone. Therefore, it is expedient to feed the ozone-containing gas to the disintegrator and crusher using a single ozonator.

In order to distinguish between different types of commodity product, the machine may be provided with an additional classification of the resulting rubber powder according to its size.

The proposed ozone recycling facility for rubber waste allows you to realize the potential of the ozone pathway and obtain a clean fine-dispersed rubber powder.

Description of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple device, the use of which allows the desired technical result to be obtained. Behind a disintegrator 1 provided with an ozonator 2 is a metal separator 3, a non-metallic impurity separator 4, a particle size classifier 5 and a shredder 6 equipped with an ozonator 7 capable of returning the recyclable material to the classifier 5.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device having a disintegrator product classifier 8 between disintegrator 1 and separator 3, 4 capable of returning disintegrated particles for recycling to disintegrator 1. An end separation unit is constructed behind classifier 5, consisting of two successive blocks: metal separator 9 and separator 10 of non-metallic impurities, and rubber powder particle size class 11, the design of which makes it possible to distinguish between different types of processed product:

* LT 5314 B various fractions of powdered rubber powder. The supply of ozone-containing gas to the disintegrator 1 and the comminutor 6 is performed by a single ozonator 2.

The arrows in the diagrams show the movement of recyclable materials between the machine apparatus, the introduction of rubber-containing waste and ozone-containing gases, and the extraction of non-rubber materials and the resulting commercial product, chopped rubber powder.

Implementation of the Invention

Rubber-containing wastes, such as whole or part-worn machine tires, are supplied to the disintegrator 1. Waste disposed of in the disintegrator is subjected to deformation loads and ozone-containing gas. The ozone-containing gas medium is fed to the disintegrator 1 working chamber by an ozonator 2, where ozone is produced by electrical discharge in oxygen, air or other oxygen-containing gas mixtures.

Various embodiments of a disintegrator utilizing the ozone processing method for rubber-containing materials are described in RU Patent Nos. 2111859, 2123425, 2144461, U.S. Patent No. 5,492,657, European Patent EP 0816035.

Most of the rubber-containing wastes consist of rubber backing and reinforcing elements, which use steel wire (metal cord and tire rim rings), textile (polymeric) yarns or other construction materials to ensure the necessary performance of the product. The mechanical disintegration reaction of the rubber in the disintegrator disrupts the recyclable product and separates the reinforcing elements from the rubber.

During processing, the mass obtained in the disintegrator 1, consisting of rubber fragments and detached rubber reinforcing elements, is passed through a metal separator 3, which separates the metal reinforcing elements and fragments thereof. Metal separators use standard industrial equipment: magnetic separators - suspended, webbing, drum - for magnetic material separation (for example, metal cord wire and tire ring rings). Non-magnetic metal separators (stainless steel, non-ferrous metals) use separators using various conductances of metal and polymeric masses, for example, to create eddy currents.

Mass consisting of rubber fragments and non-metallic reinforcing element in recyclable waste, for example, textile (polymeric) yarn is passed through an impurity separator devices etc.). If recyclable waste (eg worn tires) is contaminated by heavy impurities (rocks, sand), such impurities are also separated from the recycled mass in the separator 4.

Once cleaned from the reinforcing elements, the rubber is diverted to a particle size classifier of rubber 5, which allows to extract from the mass obtained the desired particle size rubber powder which becomes a commercial product. For example, vibratory sieves can be used for such a classification.

The large rubber particles which pass through the classifier 5 are directed to a shredder 6 where they are recycled ozone. In the crusher 6, the ozone-containing gas medium undergoes deformation of the rubber material and due to the mechanical chemical reaction, the rubber particles are disintegrated and consequently reduced. The ozone-containing gas medium is fed into the working chamber of the shredder 6 by means of an ozonator 7 which is analogous to the ozonator 2.

Various shredder designs are described in the aforementioned patents, namely patent RU No. 2111859 and European Patent EP 0816035.

The processed mass of rubber in the shredder 6 returns to classifier 5, where the fraction of the commodity product is isolated.

To completely separate the reinforcing elements and to isolate the rubber, a disassembled product classifier 8 may be placed behind the disintegrator 1, which can distinguish incompletely disintegrated fragments of recyclable rubber-containing waste that are directed to the disintegrator 1 for reprocessing. Such a classifier 8 may be used, for example, in sieves or drum separators, which allow the separation of large fragments of the product being recycled from its pieces of rubber and reinforcing elements. Isolated fragments of non-destructive origin are directed to disintegrator 1 for reprocessing.

In order to increase the purity of the commodity product from non-rubber contaminants, it is appropriate to further purify the rubber powder separated by the classification 5. Therefore, an additional metal separator 9, such as a drum magnetic separator, which effectively traps the fine particles of the magnetic particles, and a non-metallic impurity separator 10, such as a gravity vibrating table having an aspiration device, may be placed behind the classifier 5.

The supply of ozone-containing gas to the working chambers of the disintegrator 1 and the shredder 6 may be effected by the ozonator 2, as shown in FIG. 2. The ozone-containing gas passed through the disintegrator is directed to the shredder. In this way, it is made possible that the appropriate dose of ozone-containing gas medium will affect the material being processed, which will result in the production of a rubber powder having the desired level of chemical activity of the surface of the particles.

For the different types of processed product: to distinguish between the rubber powder fractions of different dispersions, an additional classifier 11 may be provided with the necessary set of sieves.

The feeding of rubber-containing waste, such as worn tires, and its loading into the disintegrator 1 takes place using standard conveyors, such as a conveyor belt. Various conveyors used in the industry, such as screw conveyors, tubular chain conveyors, etc., can be used to transport recyclable materials between the above machines forming a line, pneumatic transport, bucket elevators can be used to transport rubber powder.

The various fractions of powders, which have been cleaned of the impurities of the rubber powder, are diverted from classifiers 5 or 11 to the place of packing, which is carried out by standard bulk packing machines.

Oxygen-containing media, such as air, are supplied to the ozonator 2, 7 by standard gas inlet devices such as compressors, filters, dehumidifiers, and the exhaust gas from the disintegrator and comminutor is, as a rule, passed through the ozone decomposition unit, for example through catalysis decomposers. In such plants, ozone returns to its pristine state (oxygen) and the off-gas from the plant can be released into the atmosphere without being polluted.

The aforementioned standard industrial means of transportation, packaging and gas supply are not shown in the diagrams provided.

Claims (6)

Definition of the Invention 1. An ozone treatment plant for rubber waste comprising a disintegrator provided with mechanical means for deforming said waste and a gas ozone feed medium, a non-rubber material separator and a classification of rubber particles according to their size, characterized in that a granulator containing rubber particles is placed below the classification. mechanical deformation means; and an ozone-containing gas medium feed means capable of returning recyclable material to the classifier. An ozone recycling plant for rubber-containing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the separator comprises two sequentially arranged units: a metal separator and a non-metallic impurity separator. An ozone recycling plant for rubber-containing waste according to claim 2, characterized in that a disintegrator product classifier is disposed behind the disintegrator and is capable of returning large pieces to the disintegrator. An ozone recycling plant for rubber waste according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that an additional separator is arranged behind the rubber particle size classifier, consisting of two sequentially arranged units: a metal separator and a non-metallic impurity separator. An ozone recycling plant for rubber-containing waste according to claim 4, characterized in that a size classifier of rubber powder according to its size, which can distinguish rubber powder fractions of different dispersion, is located behind the additional separator. The ozone recycling unit for rubber-containing waste according to claim 4, characterized in that the unit has a unitary means for feeding the ozone-containing gas medium to a disintegrator and a shredder.