LT5303B - Turbine with a single working wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. A turbine with a single working wheel includes a jet (1) for supplying of working agent, active working blades (2), a diaphragm (3), a passage apparatus for supplying the working agent, and a tailpipe(4). The passage apparatus includes passageways (5) fastened on the diaphragm (3) and a deflector (8). The passageways are formed from a turning part (6) and an outlet (7). The turning part (6) has a form of a linear asymmetric confuser, and the outlet part (7) has a form of a linear asymmetric profile with a tilt angle of a wall equal to an inlet angle of working blades (2). A wall configuration of the main turning part (6) depends on measurement of the passageway (5).

Description

The invention relates to the machinery industry, partly to the turbine manufacturing industry, and can specifically be applied to single-impeller steam and gas turbines with pressurized degrees and repeated feed agent. These turbines can be used as drives for electric generators, other boiler-house thermal electrical equipment (fans, mains pumps, smoke pumps) as well as gas distribution stations.

There is known a single-impeller turbine with pressure degrees (with multiple feed agent feeds) consisting of a nozzle, a feed agent feed, active impellers, and a skimmer consisting of nozzles and skewers positioned at the skewer outlet, the first first-order skewer has two outlets facing in opposite directions, while the other pressures are disposed on either side of the nozzle and are intended for supplying a new working agent (see USSR Certificate No. 421783, F 01 D 1/12, 1974).

The known turbine has a low payload ratio (NVK). This disadvantage is related to the fact that the profile of the passageways has a large turning angle, which causes the turbo-fluidity of the working agent flow, resulting in high aerodynamic drag in the skipper.

There is known a single-impeller turbine impeller consisting of a nozzle for supplying a new impeller, an active impeller mounted on a crown mounted on a spindle and a passer, for a progressive impeller, manufactured with increasing dimensions from the first to the last channel and nozzles, arranged at the outlet of the passageways, whereby the passageways are made of similar profiles and consist of an inlet and outlet portions having a cylindrical profile having a main and auxiliary wall perpendicular to the rotation plane of the impellers and a turning portion connecting the inlet and outlet portions; the main and auxiliary profile walls of which have a central curve profile (see British Patent No. 1119287, F 01 D 1 / 12,1968).

-2Katp and its analogue, the prototype does not have a high NVK and is complex in construction. The insufficiently high NVK is associated with the loss of kinetic energy of the working agent flow due to imperfect geometry of the passageways causing turbulence of the flow and aerodynamic drag in the swivel portion, as well as losses of the propeller nozzle profiles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to simplify the design and increase the payload ratio by reducing the kinetic energy loss of the working agent in the passage apparatus, reducing the turboientity and aerodynamic drag of the working agent in the passageways.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a single impeller turbine comprising a nozzle for supplying a new impeller, the passage of active impellers mounted on a shaft of a crown mounted impeller, with a degree of pressure and having passageways, additionally having a diaphragm. for mounting the apparatus, the passageways consisting of a pivoting part directly connected to an inlet provided in the diaphragm and an inlet having a pivoting profile in the form of a curvilinear asymmetric confuser, the outlet part being in the form of an asymmetric linear diffuser with a the spatula inlet angle o the passage device additionally has baffles mounted in the swivel portion of the passage passages, furthermore the configuration of the main passage profile wall depends on the degree of pressure of the passage passage and is adjustable according to the system of equations: first-order pass-through for channel iRj (cosdt, -2cose £) + L _ch sincCi + B _C t (coscZ ₁ -cosoC) = 0 R ₂ (2 sind-sin <^) - Rm> sin (5 - to _y ) + L _ch cosn> (i + B _ct (ZZZ sino))) = 0, (1) intermediate pressures for the passage channels f (Ri - R ₂ ) sin i - L _ch sinc (1 - R ₃ cos oC · , + (R ₂ + R ₃ ) cos oC = 0 [Rkb [sin (cf- £) + sin CjIt-tR, -R ₂ ) cos Ϋ, -L _ch cosdji + RaSirbG - R ₁ - (R ₂ + R ₃₎ sin << = 0 (2) of the last of the passageway R cos <(? - L _c et sin h - R ₃ (c cos (- _Ί - coscC) = 0 · (

Risin ^ -R _kb sin (Γ-ί) + U cosoG + R ₃ (sinc <-sineG) = 0, where:

¢ 3)

3R i, R 2, R ₃ - radii of the components of the curves of the main profiled wall;

- corresponding angles of radius R i R 2 R ₃ ;

if - angle of the passage channel;

ei is the exit angle of the working agent from the bypass channel; d is the angle of the radius R ₂ ;

B _CT - passage wall thickness;

Lch is the linear length of the exhaust section;

Rk. basal radius of the main cross-section of the passageway.

In addition, the turbine consists of two impellers arranged parallel to each other, the crowns being mounted on one shaft having diaphragms and passageways located on either side of the crowns, the impellers being mounted perpendicular to the crown on each side, and the diaphragms with a passage channels located on both sides of the impeller (outside and inside).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 2 is a sectional view of the turbine, Figure 2 - Main profile wall of the bypass passage (rear view); passage main wall (top view).

The single-impeller turbine consists of a nozzle 1 for supplying a new impeller, an active impeller 2, a diaphragm 3, a deflector, for sequentially supplying a pressure agent of the appropriate degree of pressure, and an exhaust pipe 4.

The passage apparatus consists of passageways 5 mounted on the diaphragm 3, which comprise a pivot part 6 and an outlet 7, and a baffle 8 mounted on the pivot part 6.

The pivoting part 6 is in the form of a curvilinear asymmetrical configurator, the outlet part 7 is in the form of a linear asymmetric profile with a tilt angle of the profile walls corresponding to the inlet angle of the impellers 2

Turning part main wall 6 Configuration (brėž.2. Brėž.3 _t). Depending on the passageway 5 is determined by the dimensions and one first-equation system of the passageway by two equations intermediate the passageway according to claim 3 a system of equations for the pass-through of the last degree of compression. Due to the increasing dimension of the height of the passage channel 5, the linear dimension of the height of the main profile wall having radii R ₂ , Ra uses a straight line segment 9 to connect the two curvilinear main profile walls (Fig. 2).

The single-impeller turbine works this way.

The new working agent (gas or steam) is introduced through nozzle 1 into the active impeller area 2 where, under the action of force, the kinetic energy of the working agent is converted into rotational mechanical energy of the impeller 2. After passing the impeller area 2, the impeller enters the first-order passage 5, which re-directs the impeller into the active impeller 2 and the kinetic energy is again converted to mechanical. After passing through all pressures, the working agent enters through the exhaust pipe 4 into a treated steam vessel (not shown in the drawing), where it is further fed to the user concerned or to the heating system heater. The degree of compression depends on the amount of temperature drop in the turbine and the geometry of the turbine: the height of the active impellers and the average diameter of the impeller.

Compared to the prototype, a new set of structural elements simplifies turbine design with a new geometry of the passageways, reducing aerodynamic drags and kinetic energy losses, which increases the payload ratio, and allows for the segregation of production waste from any passageway in the turbine, by changing the propulsion apparatus, different unit powers.

Claims (3)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1.A single impeller turbine consisting of a nozzle for supplying a new working agent, an active impeller mounted on a spindle mounted crushing machine, with pressure gradients, and having passageways, characterized in that the turbine additionally has a diaphragm delivery for mounting the apparatus, the passageways consisting of a pivoting part directly connected to an inlet arranged in the diaphragm and an inlet having a pivoting profile in the shape of a curvilinear asymmetric confuser, the outlet part being in the form of an asymmetric straight diffuser with a profile wall angle inlet angle o the passage device additionally has baffles mounted in the swivel portion of the passage passages, furthermore, the configuration of the main passage profile wall depends on the passage passage l degree of compression and is determined by the system of equations: for the passage of the first degree of compression for the channel {Ra (cosoi ,, - 2cos <() + L _ch sin, -t-Bcricosc ^ -cosoC) = 0 R ₂ (2 sinoC - sin) - R _kb sin (<Γ - Λ) + L _eh coscG + B _ct (sino (- sinoG) = 0, (1) Intermediate compression ratio for pass-through channels (Rt -R ₂ ) sini - L _ch sino (i - R ₃ cosc (i + (R ₂ + R ₃ ) cosc (= 0, R * _b [s! N (cT- £} + sinčfi ^ R! -R ₂ )) cos ft -L _ch cos ^ + RaSincC - Ri- (R ₂ + R ₃ ) sinoC = 0, (2) for the last degree of compression for the passage 'Ri cosc {- L _t h sinc {t - R ₃ {cos c (t -coso () = 0 Risinc (- RkbSin (cf - <?) + L _eh coscy, + r ₃ {sinc (-sin ^ i) = 0, (3) where: R i, R 2, Ra - radii of the constituent curves of the main profiled wall; beam R! R ₂ R ₃ corresponding angles; tf - passage angle; - outlet angle of the operating agent from the passage channel; ck is the angle of the radius R ₂ ; Bct - thickness of the passage wall; Lch is the linear length of the exhaust section; Rk. basal radius of the main cross-section of the passageway. 2. A single impeller turbine according to claim 1, wherein the turbine consists of two working crowns arranged parallel to each other and mounted on a single shaft having diaphragms and actuators located on each side of the working crowns, 3. A single-impeller turbine according to claim 1, wherein the impellers are mounted perpendicular to the impeller on either side thereof, and the diaphragms with passages located on both sides of the impeller (outside and inside).