LT5082B - Method and device for treating and purifying of water - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and device for treating and purifying of water relate to a field of water treating by electric and magnetic fields. In a zone of electric plasma discharge, a water stream being treated is impacted by an external pulse magnetic field directed across a movement of the water stream. The discharges are carried out in turn by using several pairs of electrodes. The device for implementing the inventive method is characterized in that the container with liquid feeding and discharging pipes is divided by a horizontal plane in the centre of which is built a hole for liquid leaking out when a top layer of the plane is inclined to the container centre and, at the top of the container in its circumference, a stream former and means for stabilizing a stream shape are mounted.

Description

The present invention relates to a field of relatively pure water flow treatment, more particularly to a method and apparatus for treating water flow with electric and magnetic fields and can be adapted for the purification and decontamination of contaminated water for the purpose of obtaining potable water and ultra pure water. The method can be used for the treatment of heavy metals in water.

Well-known drinking water and wastewater treatment plants, in which the efficient cleaning and destruction of bacterial flora is carried out by pressure and other additional factors arising from the treatment of treated water with electrical discharges.

Known Electroplastic Wastewater Treatment Method (Lithuanian Patent LT 4323,

C02F 1/48, publ. April 27, 1998 and the parallel patent DE 19615620), in which the downward flow is treated by electrical discharges by applying to the electrodes short electrical pulses (not longer than 10T0 ' ⁶ s) having a specific energy of about 6 J / cm ³ and a frequency of 50-1000 Hz. Due to the rapid drop in water flow rate, this treatment method is not always efficient enough and is not suitable for all wastewater. In addition, the short residence time of the process flux in the interelectrode space determines the short duration of exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Closest to the proposal is a process for purifying and decontaminating water and a reactor according to patent LT 4590, C02F 1/48, publ. 27.12.1999 According to this method, the reactor capacity is filled with a stream of treated water and impulse electroplasmic discharges on the surface of the treated wastewater with a specific energy of at least 3 kJ per discharge and a pulse duration of not more than 5Τ0.6 ⁶ . The process according to patent LT 4590 is implemented in a device having a cylindrical vessel with water flow inlet and outlet pipes connected to poles of different power sources and angled to working surface electrodes ₂ LT 5082 B with counter electrodes arranged radially and mounted on the upper vessel edges.

The known water treatment method is inefficient due to the inability to control the flow rate regime in the interelectrode space and, consequently, to the difficulty of controlling the maintenance of the elementary volume in the discharge area; it is necessary to maintain a strict surface horizontal water flow in the reactor; insufficient magnetic activation.

In addition, it is known that magnetic fields can affect the streams of treated water (see, e.g., Mccjie, ztOBaHne h pa3pa6oTKa φΗβΗπεοκΗχ mcto / iob kohpojib

TeXH0J10rHHeCKHX npOLteCCOB πρκ ΒΟΛΟΠΟΛΓΟΤΟΒΚβ Ha 04HCTHbIX COOpy> KeHHHX peHHoro BOflO3a6opa ”Report of Altai State University, Barnaul, 1981, 0282.3 019038, State Reg. No. 79060893, DSP, half. 79-96) etc.

The object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of water purification while at the same time reducing the energy level of the electroplasmic discharge and the overall energy consumption.

The object is achieved by a water purification and decontamination unit consisting of a cylindrical container housing with a flow of purified water flow and a treated water flow outlet having one or more high voltage working electrodes and one or more equipotential electrodes in radial direction, a hole in the center for the outflow of the treated stream. The surface layer of the dividing plane is made inclined towards the center of the tank, and a flow shaper is arranged in the upper part of the tank according to its perimeter. Below the surface of the horizontal dividing plane is a flat helix-shaped electromagnet winding connected to a current generator. The flow maker has the shape of a closed circular pocket with a continuous slit at the bottom. A flap is mounted adjacent to the flow shaper, locked at the upper end at the level of the continuous flow of the flow shaper for stabilizing the flow shape.

One or more of the equipotential electrodes are angled toward the surface of the stream being treated without touching it. The working and equipotential pairs of high voltage electrodes are pointed at each other; if there is more than one pair of LT 5082 B electrodes, they are embedded symmetrically in the capacitance axis, and the circuitry providing the impulse electrical voltage is provided with the least loop inductance.

The proposed method of water purification and decontamination is based on the treatment of water flow by pulsed electroplasmic discharge and is characterized by the fact that the movement of the treated water flow in the direction of the tangential tangent both in the center and in the electroplasmic discharge in the direction of motion and perpendicular to the discharge electric field strength, and further directing the processed flow through the region of the attenuated external magnetic field. The number of discharges and the number of electrode pores are varied depending on the production capacity and the contamination of the water being treated; utilizing multiple pairs of electrodes, discharges sequentially.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings in FIGS. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

FIG. 1 depicts the capacity of the proposed device (vertical section, symmetric right not shown); FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of the device and a superposition of the electric field (zone B), magnetic field (zone C) and ultraviolet radiation (zone D) located in the discharge area. FIG. Figure 3 shows the shock wave pressure P 'generated during an electroplastic discharge. (atm.) empirical dependence on the distance r (cm) from the axis of the discharge channel.

The device consists of a cylindrical metal receptacle-shaped housing 1 with a horizontal transverse dividing plane 2 touching the device housing walls and having a concentric hole 3 in the center. A layer of dielectric material 4 of identical shape is closely fixed or fixed to the partitioning surface, and the surface layer 5 has a slight slope (about 1-2 °) towards the center of the capacitance. A fan and a collector for gaseous combustion products are mounted in the housing cover (not shown) for collection and delivery to a settler.

A flat helix (Archimedes helix) solenoid 6 winding is embedded in the surface layer of a dielectric non-magnetic material. The windings of an electromagnet embedded in layer 4 of dielectric material 2 are connected to a current generator. Surface layer 5.

covering the winding 6 of the electromagnet can be made of the same or different material but must be selected to withstand UV radiation.

In the center of the capacitance vertically Built-in guide metal tube 7. with a dielectric (eg glass-textolithic) electrode holder 8 inside.

The head 9 of the electrode holder 8 is raised above the surface of the flow to be treated to the height required to insert the working high voltage electrode at the required angle. The number of electrode pores and the geometry of the capacitance of the device are determined by the required production capacity and the degree of contamination of the treated water stream.

The upper container edge is provided with a flow maker 10 in the form of a closed annular inner pocket with a continuous slit 11 at its bottom with an external deflector 12. A feed pipe 13 is provided at the same level for supplying the cleaning water flows in the tangential direction.

The lower part of the cylindrical tank, divided by a partitioning plane 2, serving the treated water flow collector 14, has an outlet pipe 15; the outlet pipe is at least twice the diameter of the delivery pipe.

At a given distance from the wall of the container and the flow guide 10, the guide element 12 is provided with a shutter 16 made of an elastic material in the form of an annular band, a continuous cylinder or the like.

One or more equipoteneial electrodes 17 are attached to the flow former, which are pointed at the center of the container at an angle to the surface of the water stream being treated without touching it. Equipotential electrodes 17 are connected to ground through housing 1.

One or more working high voltage electrodes 18 are pointed, respectively, to the side of the equipoteneial electrodes 17 and secured by clamping on the electrode holder head 8 9. The high voltage electrodes may be made removable with an adjustable spacing between the electrodes and prevent the flow of water to be treated the inner channel of the electrode rod 21

20th

When more than one pair of electrodes is required, they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the capacitance axis. The distance between the peaks of even-electrode consists of, for example, 10-30 LT _ς B 5082 mm. The tip of the electrode is approached to the surface of the flow being processed without touching it (within 5 mm).

A current busbar 22 is provided in the insulating environment by the channels 8 of the holders of the electrode bars 21 and the high voltage working electrodes 18, which connect the high voltage working electrodes 18 to the power supply. Electrical diagram (not shown) analogous to that described in Lithuanian Patent Application 2001 105 (C02 F 1/48. 19.10.2001). installed in close proximity to high-voltage electrodes with a minimum loop inductance (for example, 3-5 μΗ).

The method of purifying and decontaminating the water is implemented by operating this unit.

The flow of treated water through the water flow feed pipe 13 enters the flow maker 10 at a rate of at least 3 m / s. From the fill volume of the flow maker through the continuous slot 11, the flow is directed to the surface of the dividing plane 2 and distributed evenly (by the flow) on its surface.

forming a layer 3-8 mm thick in the interelectrode space.

At a set distance, the flap 16 smooths out the incoming and outgoing hydrodynamic waves and flows into the discharge area (interelectrode space).

By means of a requesting generator it regulates the order of the pulses being fed to the high voltage working electrodes and, by using several pairs of electrodes, distributes the pulses in the regularity of the synchronous ring. The discharge occurs in segments successively between each pair of electrodes at a desired frequency, for example 100-1000 Hz.

The discharge specific energy is constant and is about 2.5 J / cm '. The sudden discharge of energy from a pulse generator into an interelectrode space is effected, for example, by a voltage pulse generator; current generator pulse duration about 3-5 ps. In the interelectrode space, the energy accumulated during discharge is suddenly discharged from the energy storage devices and occurs in the discharge circuit electrode - air - flow surface - air - electrode. The discharge of energy stored in the current generator is effected when the voltages of the voltage pulse generator and the current pulse generator are equalized. The electric field generated by the voltage pulse generator E

3 () Strength of at least 200 kV / m in the discharge gap between electrodes. and many times surpasses Lorenz's forces. The residence time of the elemental volume to be processed in the discharge area (interleaving space) is 1 s.

The flow of water to be treated in the elctroplasmic discharge zone is additionally influenced by the dielectric 2 of the partition plane underneath the upper capacity of the device

4 surface 5 layers of electromagnet 6 external pulsed magnetic field, external pulsed magnetic field in the frequency range 50-400 Hz with pulse r of 100 ps sequence, created by a current pulse generator, transverse to the direction of flow of water to be treated and perpendicular to the discharge electric field for strength.

The external magnetic field pulses are applied to the current pulses applied to the working high-voltage electrodes in a phase-to-phase manner. The induction of an external magnetic field is generally determined by the condition:

B = 8,910 ⁷ nl / R, (1) where N is the number of windings; I - current, A; R is the radius of the winding, m.

Electro-plasma discharges at the flow surface are accompanied by shock wave, solid ultraviolet radiation; sudden local temperature rise (thermal shock 1500 ° C - 15000 ° C and more), etc. Thus, during discharge at the interelectrode

2 () is the maximum superposition of effects in space: ultraviolet radiation, thermal shock, impact by electric E and magnetic H fields, and impact wave. The concentration ranges for the respective effects are schematically shown in Figs. 2, where the effects of electric, magnetic fields (zone C) and ultraviolet radiation (zone D) are accumulated in zone B.

The pressure generated during the water flow treatment in accordance with the present invention can be expressed by the shock wave front (Fig. 3) as:

P _m = 5.4 / λ / F · (W _1/1) ^{5 4.3} T ^S; (2) where P m - pressure, atm, Wi - energy stored, J, 1 - electrode distance, cm. T is the plasma temperature in ° C, r is the distance from the outlet, cm.

3d The phenomena that occur in interelectrode space during electroplastic discharge and external pulsed magnetic field processing cause powerful oxidation and oxygen uptake, effects on the hydrate sheaths of molecules, and determine the sequence of other processes at the molecular, atomic, and electronic levels, including dielectric and other such as ionization and excitation of atoms and molecules (to higher energy levels), formation of free radicals, etc. at high irradiation doses. All of the above processes are necessary for the process of water purification and decontamination according to the present invention and are controlled by the design parameters of the unit and the optimal treatment mode.

The processed flow through the concentric hole 3 in the center of the resolution plane, due to the incline of the plane, flows automatically into the reservoir-collector 14, repeatedly passing through the external impulse magnetic field but below the capacitance of the device. The flow from the reservoir collector is discharged through the outlet pipe 15 to the settler and then to the consumer.

The invention is illustrated by an example of a method for purifying and decontaminating a water stream.

EXAMPLE

Model solutions containing iron and manganese were taken for treatment (Table 1).

Table 1

Changes in the characteristics of the model solutions before and after treatment according to the present invention.

Σ Fe, mg / l Fe ²⁺ mg / l Mn ²⁺ , mg / l Oxidizing urn, mg / 1 Color, scores Smell, scores By processing 4.6 3.86 0.24 4.6 14th 3 After processing 0.1 0.12 Didn't notice a 2.6 4 1

The treated water stream was fed through a feed pipe into a flow maker of the proposed device with a production capacity of 1 m ³ / h at a speed of about 3.5 m / s so that a uniform layer of about 5 mm thickness was formed in the interelectrode space.

_s LT 5082 B

Using one pair of electrodes, discharged at about 100 Hz with current pulses of about 3 ps and voltage pulses of about 100 ps.

An external pulsed magnetic field was applied at 100 Hz and 100 ps pulses, with the onset of an external magnetic field pulse at a sinusoidal current pulse fed to the working electrode.

The electro-plasma discharge-treated stream through the concentric hole 3 in the center of the separation plane was spontaneously flowing into the reservoir-collector 14, repeatedly passing through an area of external impulse magnetic field. below the dividing plane, which ensured the coagulation of suspended product particles in the stream of treated water.

Bearing in mind that the diameter of the treatment (discharge effect) zone is about • · · ·. * At 1 mm and a specific energy of 2.5 J / cm, the treated water flow after stopping had qualitative characteristics as shown in Table 1.

It was found that even in the absence of electroplastic discharge, the change in the flow characteristics of the treated water under the influence of the magnetic field treated water was positive.

table

Changes in some characteristics of treated water flow when exposed to magnetic field (in the absence of electro-plasma discharge)

Electric outdoor strength, pH Surface tension. Relative conductivity. VACh * out. traffic. VACh magn. outside Change absolute VACh C. meaning A / m dyn / cm cm / m Sr., voltage, μΑ V Sr., voltage, μΑ V Current Tension 0.013 7.8 0.18 0.0592 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.35 0.0 275 0.13 7.8 0.25 0.05265 0.1 0.0 0.25 0.5 150 50 1.3 7.2 0.4 0.05238 0.4 0.6 0.75 0.8 87.5 33.3 13.0 7.0 3.7 0.05210 2.52 1.4 3.0 1.4 19.2 _ 0.0 .........- J 44.0 6.8 5.3 0.05210 2.8 1.4 7.0 2.5 150 78.57

*) VACh - Voltage ampere characteristics, LT 5082 B

The various technical and operational parameters of the above-described apparatus and method for obtaining drinking water are shown in Table 3.

table

Some parameters of the device according to the invention for the production of drinking water by treating water from 5 open water bodies

Production capacity, m ³ / h 0.5 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 : 20.0 1 Feed pipe diameter, mm 8th 10th 25th 35 42 50 Flow rate, m / s (no less) 3 3 3 3 3 3 Diameter of reactor, mm 500 1000 1000 1200 1500 1500 Number of electrode pairs 4 8th 8th 12th 24th 24th Discharge frequency per pair of electrodes, Hz 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Discharge Energy, J 0.1 0.1 0.525 0.7 0.525 0.7 Capacity of current pulse generator C _M , KP ⁶ F 0.012 5 0.012 5 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.09 Specific energy per unit volume, J / cm ³ 3 3 3 3 3 3 Current pulse generator pulse duration, 10 ' ⁶ s ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 Pulsed currents, kA (max) 1 1 1 1 1 I

The treatment efficiency has also been proven in the treatment of water flows not only from open wells and wells, but also in the treatment of contaminated water (the number of electrode pores is increased as needed). If the treatment water was contaminated with bacterial flora (for example, 18-30 million units / I Coli - like), it was not detected after treatment.

The additional application of a transverse magnetic field adjacent to the interelectrode space has enabled the control of the electro-plasmic discharge characteristics and the optimum utilization of the superposition of the fields during discharge. Properly selected reactor geometry and discharge and external impulse magnetic field energy parameters can increase all processes occurring in the interelectrode space B _IU LT 5082 B, which also affect bacterial flora and fauna, mutagens, etc., while reducing energy consumption by 5 times.

Claims (5)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Water purification and decontamination unit consisting of a cylindrical body (1) with a stream (13) of treated water and treated 5 water flow outlet (15) tubes having one or more high voltage working electrodes (18) arranged in radial directions and at an angle to the work surface without touching it and one or more equipotential electrodes (17), characterized in that the capacitance is divided a horizontal dividing plane (2) in contact with the cylindrical receptacle walls. K) a concentric hole (3) in the center of the separating plane (2) for the outflow of the treated flow, the surface layer (5) of the separating plane (2) being inclined towards the center of the capacitance, and shape stabilizer (16). 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a flat helix winding of the electromagnet (6) connected to the current generator is installed beneath the surface layer (5) of the horizontal dividing plane (2). 20th 3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow maker (10) has a closed annular pocket with a continuous slit (IT) at its bottom. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a flow shape stabilizer A means 25, made in the form of a smaller diameter coaxial axis with a capacitance axis in the form of a forming flap (16), fixed at its upper end at the level of the continuous slot (11) of the flow former (10). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more high-voltage electrodes (17) and a pair of working (18) and equipotential (17) high-voltage electrodes are provided at an angle to the surface of the flow being processed without touching it. to another and fixed at a distance of 10-30 mm and, when there is more than one pair of electrodes, they are arranged symmetrically on the capacitance axis, and an electrical circuit providing impulse 5 electric voltages arranged for the minimum circuit inductance. 6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow maker (10) has an external deflector (12) and the treated flow outlet tube (15) has a diameter larger than the diameter of the treated flow supply tube (13). 7. A method of purifying and decontaminating water, including treating the flow of water by pulsed electroplasmic discharge. so that the flow of treated water flows in the direction of the component tangent 15 is provided in the direction of the center, and in the electro-plasmic discharge area, the treated flow is further exposed to an external pulsed magnetic field directed transversely to the direction of flow of the treated flow and perpendicular to the discharge electric field strength. 20th 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the external magnetic field is applied in a frequency range of 50 to 400 Hz with pulses of 100 ps duration, wherein the onset of the external magnetic field pulse is synchronous to pulses fed to the high voltage electrodes. 25th 9. The method of claims 7-8, wherein the electro-plasmic discharge is carried out at an electric field strength of at least 200 kV / m in the discharge area of the voltage pulse generator and discharges the stored energy in the current generator by equalizing the voltages in the voltage pulse generator. changes the discharge frequency and the number of electrode pores depending on 30 contamination of the water being treated, bc addition.with several pairs of electrodes discharges sequentially. 10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, prior to providing the component in the center direction, it forms a downwardly sloping flow-processed layer and then gives it dynamic characteristics. 5 stabilizes the shape of the stream while re-directing the processed stream through the region of the attenuated external magnetic field.