LT2008074A - Transportation means and universal components of transportation system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention seeks to create a transportation system suitable for high-rise buildings and buildings of large horizontal dimensions, plants, and building complexes. The transportation system comprises traffic corridors - shafts, into which rails (2) are installed and self-propelled vehicles moving along these rails. The transport vehicles have one or two chassis (6) elements and a cabin (3), which is made of internal and external parts essentially of cylinder shape. These parts are mounted into each other in a way that allows turning of the internal part around the common imaginary axis. Networks of traffic corridors include the components of groups O, X, Z, and ? that allow constructing transportation systems of various complexity.

Description

VEHICLE AND UNIVERSAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

MAZGAI

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to systems for transporting people and goods, particularly to transport systems for very tall and large horizontal buildings and groups of buildings. The invention also relates to a three dimensional transport system.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

Building very tall and large horizontal buildings requires the need to install three-dimensional transport systems that allow people and cargo to be transported inside the building on a single entry / charge basis. The traffic lines of such transport systems can be arranged in space in virtually any desired direction and form an integrated transport network with shifting branches, stops, transitions from horizontal to vertical and vice versa, bends, straight and similar elements that can be used by self-propelled vehicles. get from the starting point to the desired destination point. Such transportation of people and cargo is carried out on the principle of one seat / charge.

The closest known invention is described in International Patent Application No. 5,182,196. PCT / IB2008 / 052997. This patent application describes a three-dimensional transport system in which self-propelled vehicles are driven, the chassis of which consists of gears moving in semi-closed type profiles. On the inner side of these profiles are rails which are made up of an equal part and a rack portion. These vehicles can move in any desired direction in space, move from horizontal to vertical and vice versa, and rearrange both horizontally and vertically. In the present invention, the vehicle cab is secured to the intermediate support element by a hinged end at one end of the element, and at the other end is a stationary chassis 2. In the present invention, the vehicle cab has tilt controls that prevent unnecessary oscillation of this cab.

The above-mentioned transport system is experiencing difficulties when a vehicle has to enter one horizontal line to a higher or lower transport line running parallel to it. Since the cab is attached to the chassis in a hinged manner, it can only hang under the chassis when moving horizontally, i.e. the cab cannot be over the chassis. It is possible to solve this problem by extending the support element and moving it sideways so that the cab can rotate freely about the 360 °, but to implement such a system there should be much larger dimensions of transport shafts and the vehicle structure itself becomes large, heavy and less reliable. .

There is a need to improve the design of vehicles moving in the three-dimensional transport system and to design the main nodes / junctions of the transport system so that an improved vehicle can easily get from any starting point to any destination point. The trajectory of movement should be as short as possible and there should be no additional stepping / shifting maneuvers. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to improve the three-dimensional configuration of a human and freight transport system for buildings of very high and large horizontal dimensions and groups of buildings.

In order to save energy and passenger time, self-propelled vehicles in the three-dimensional transport system should travel from the starting point to the destination point in the most efficient and / or fastest way, thus avoiding unnecessary shunting / displacement maneuvers.

Based on these criteria, the main traffic lines / junctions were designed in the three-dimensional transport system, and the construction of the self-propelled vehicle was improved so that such a vehicle could easily overcome any section of the transport system and pass through the nodes / junctions so as to maintain substantially horizontal position of passenger and / or 3 cargo spaces. At the same time, passenger / cargo safety and travel comfort are ensured. The essence of the invention is an improved self-propelled vehicle and the main O, X, Y, Z, Ω group nodes that can be overcome by improved vehicle design. The improved vehicle has a double cab structure, where the outer part of the cab is connected to the chassis, and the inner part of the cab can move inside the aforementioned outer part of the cab to maintain the horizontal position of passengers and / or cargo. Also, this vehicle can have 2 or more chassis elements, thus ensuring greater safety in the journey and enabling larger vehicles to accommodate more passengers and / or cargo.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is an improved construction vehicle having a single chassis portion, a vertical movement direction to a horizontal movement direction; Fig. 2 - an improved construction vehicle with one chassis part in the transition to track splitting;

Figure 3 is an improved construction vehicle with two chassis parts;

Fig. 4 - Principal diagram of go group node with indicated direction of vehicle movement;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a group O unit with the indicated direction of movement of vehicles;

FIG. 6 - Principal scheme of the Z group node with indicated directions of vehicle movement.

FIG. 7 - principal scheme of group X with indicated directions of vehicle movement;

BEST IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS

The preferred embodiment of the present invention is a system for transporting people and goods for buildings of particularly high and large horizontal dimensions 4. This system consists of an improved design of a self-propelled vehicle and a corridor network, with reciprocal structural elements - transport nodes - connected straight or not necessarily straight. Ideally, the traffic corridor consists of a shaft (not shown in the drawings) and two rails (2) mounted opposite each other or, if the shaft cross-section is rectangular, opposite the shaft walls (Fig. 3). We can divide the main transport nodes into five main groups, called O, X, Z and. Group O nodes generally correspond to circular intersections which are designed to change the direction of movement of the vehicle at 180 ° or similar angle, as shown in FIG. 5. Such sub-assemblies are essentially circular or oval and are arranged between two parallel traffic corridors in which the vehicles move in opposite directions. The X-group nodes are arranged between two traffic corridors of the same direction and through these nodes the vehicles can move from one traffic corridor to another traffic corridor and continue to maintain substantially the same direction of movement, as shown in FIG. 7. The Z group assemblies allow the vehicles to change to a branch to change the plane of movement and then change the direction of movement, similar to that shown in FIG. 6. Such a node is well suited to locations where other traffic corridors adjacent to one another interfere with the rotation of vehicles in the same plane. Turning sideways in this junction is just slipping under or ascending the adjacent traffic corridor. As the node changes the direction of movement of the vehicle at a right or similar angle and moves the vehicle to another plane in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 4. The ą node can usually be formed from two Z group nodes. The combination of the above-mentioned main nodes is sufficient to form a three-dimensional corridor network and to adapt it to the building or group of building constructions.

At best, all traffic corridors and nodes are made up of shafts with one or two pairs of rails (2) on the inside. If two shafts (2) are installed in the shafts, they are arranged opposite each other, i. y. on opposite sides of the shaft. The track (2) construction is known from the prior art 5 and consists of semi-closed rectangular cross-sectional profiles with rack and flat rail surfaces arranged inside. Since the object of the present invention is not the rail or chassis construction itself, or the coupling thereof, other types of rails and chassis which can be driven by self-propelled vehicles are also possible.

The above-described corridor network moves self-propelled vehicles, which consist essentially of a cab (3) and a chassis (6). The chassis (6) of these vehicles is also known from the prior art, consisting essentially of gears and bearing elements, and a drive device such as an electric motor, or, as mentioned above, other types of chassis. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the chassis element of the vehicle consists of two groups of gear pairs (4 each on each side), each of these two groups having one holding element (1), where these retaining elements (1) can bend relative to each other around the fastening axis which is formed at one end of the intermediate holding member (9). However, in this improved transport system, vehicles may have one or more chassis (6) elements disposed on the same side of the cab (3) or opposite sides of the vehicle cab (3). These chassis (6) elements are preferably connected to the outer part of the cab (3) via an intermediate holding member (9), which also includes a rotary joint (8).

In the case where two chassis (6) elements are installed and located in opposite sides of the cab, they are so constructed that the wheels moving on the rails (2) can turn away when the vehicle moves from the vertical direction of movement to the horizontal direction of travel, and in other places with different wheel radius. The use of two chassis (6) elements increases the safety and reliability of the vehicle, but the construction of the rails (2) becomes more complicated - it is necessary to maintain a uniform distance between the rails (2) by joining them with C-shaped elements, in places where the vehicles change, on both rails ( 2) the switch mechanisms are mechanically coupled so that, in the event of the failure of at least one of the electrical parts of the switch, this switch is still switched over to the non-defective.

With one chassis of the vehicle (6), it moves one of the shaft rails (2) and said additional structures required for two parts of the chassis (6) become superfluous. Even vehicles with one chassis (6), depending on the configuration of the desired transport system, are usually equipped with two or more rails for transport (2), which can be arranged essentially on any wall of the shaft. This is because, in a complex network of transport lines, the vehicle changes its orientation and the chassis (6) can be located on the side of any shaft where at least one of said rails can be arranged (2).

The vehicle cab (3) consists of two main parts - outer (5) and inner (4). The inner surface of the outer part (5) and the outer surface (4) of the inner part (4) are preferably cylindrical and are concentric with each other. The inner part (4) of the cab (3) can move inside the outer part (5) so that regardless of the orientation of the outer part (5) of the cab (3), the inner part (4) of the cab (3) will retain its main orientation. The inner part of the cab (3) has a passenger and / or cargo space (7), so that, as the vehicle moves, this space (7) maintains a substantially horizontal orientation. The casing between the outer part of the cab (5) and the inner part (4) is provided with bearings so that the parts can easily rotate against each other. In the best case, there are also unnecessary means for damping the oscillation of the inner part of the cab (4). They can be dental, pneumatic, hydraulic and so on.

In order for the vehicle to be able to move vertically and to be able to overcome all the nodes of the above-mentioned groups, a rotational connection of the vehicle and the chassis (6) is provided (8). There is a wide variety of mechanics in such rotary joints, so we do not consider the structure of such joints here. If the vehicle has more than one part of the chassis (6), such rotary joints (9) are provided in all coupling elements (9) of the chassis (6) parts and cab (3).

Said rotational connection (9) is configured to allow substantially horizontal orientation of the imaginary outer part of the cab (5). In the preferred embodiment, the rails (2) in the horizontal section of the corridor are arranged vertically above each other, i. y. on the top and bottom walls of the shaft, or as shown in FIG. 4 - FIG. 7. 7

Various chassis (6) parts are also possible configurations, including the installation of several chassis (6) parts on the same side of the vehicle cab (3), provided that the cab (3) is of large dimensions and / or weight and therefore one chassis (6). overloading / tensioning would occur. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments enumerated herein, and the protection of the present invention should include various configurations and layouts of rails (2) and chassis (6) corresponding to the main idea of the invention.

Claims (10)

8 DEFINITION OF THE DEFINITION 1. A self-propelled vehicle moving on rails (2) for the carriage of goods and passengers, comprising: - a passenger compartment for passengers and / or cargo, - a chassis (6), an intermediate retaining element (9) connecting the cab to the chassis. (6) this vehicle, characterized in that the cab (3) is made up of internal (4) and external (5) parts which are centrally spaced and where the inner part (4) has a cavity for passengers and / or cargo ( 7) and can rotate about the imaginary longitudinal axis of the cab (3) inside the outer cab portion (5) so that said passenger and / or cargo space (7) maintains substantially horizontal orientation in any movement situation. 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle has two parts of the chassis (6) disposed on opposite sides of the cab (3) so that the wheels of the parts of the chassis (6) can move on rails mounted in the corridors (2). which are located on opposite sides of the corridor while maintaining the same distance between these rails (2). 3. A vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle has one part of the chassis (6) adapted to move in one of the rails (2) disposed inside the traffic corridor. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said part or parts of the chassis (6) are attached to the outer part of the cab (5) via an intermediate holding element (9) equipped with a rotary coupling (8) configured such that the vehicle cab (3) could be rotated relative to the portion (s) of the chassis (6), thereby maintaining a horizontal orientation of the cab (3) in any movement situation. 9 5. A transport system comprising, at least, a network of corridors and self-propelled vehicles for the carriage of goods and passengers in particularly high-rise and large-scale horizontal buildings and complexes of buildings, using self-propelled vehicles under any of the following (1): -4) points. 6. Transport system according to (5), characterized in that at least one of the following nodes / junctions is used in the transport system: - A group of nodes O for changing the direction of movement of the vehicle at 180 ° or similar angle between two parallel traffic. corridors that are adapted to vehicle movement in opposite directions; - the X group node is installed between two traffic corridors of the same direction and is adapted to the passage of vehicles from one traffic corridor to another traffic corridor of the same direction, while maintaining substantially the same direction of movement; - the Z group assembly adapted to shift vehicles to the branch, changing the plane of motion and then changing the direction of movement, by turning to the side in this unit is simply slipped under or ascends above the adjacent traffic corridor; - The Ω node is adapted to change the direction of movement of the vehicle at a right or similar angle and to move the vehicle to another plane, ą the unit is usually made up of two mirror-connected Z group nodes. 7. A transport system according to claim 6, characterized in that said traffic corridor comprises shafts having at least one rail (2) inside. 10 8. A transport system according to claim 7, characterized in that one rail (2) is arranged in said one corridor and these shafts are adapted to move vehicles having one part of the chassis (6). 9. The transport system according to claim 7, wherein said rail corridor comprises two rails (2) and the traffic corridor is adapted to move vehicles having one part of the chassis (6) and two parts of the chassis (6). Use of a transport system according to any of claims 5 to 9 for multi-storey buildings or groups of buildings.