KR930008403Y1 - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Machine tools

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, a first view is a perspective view of a machine tool having a pallet.

2nd side view.

3 to 8 are schematic plan views for explaining a workpiece exchange operation.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Expectation 3: Colum

4: Spindle Head 13: Fixed Table

14: preparation station 15, 16: roller guide

17-20: clamp device 21, 22: pallet

26, 27: slide cover 31, 32: the workpiece

The present invention relates to a machine tool having a pallet on which a workpiece can be placed.

In various machine tools such as machining centers and drilling centers, in order to improve work replacement efficiency, various machine tools equipped with pallets and pallet changers have been proposed and put into practical use (for example, Japanese laboratories in Japan). 60 (1985) -29400). These machine tools are provided with a plurality of pallets, and the workpieces are prepared by exchanging the pallets on which the finished workpieces located in the machining zone of the machine tool are placed and the pallets on which the workpieces to be processed next located outside the machining zone are placed. It is intended to increase the actual cutting time by overlapping the working time and the machining cutting time.

However, there is a problem that the pallet changer requires a considerable time for the pallet exchange operation, whether manual or automatic, and the machine tool cannot cut during the operation of the pallet changer, thus reducing the actual cutting time. .

In addition, since the pallet exchanger requires an operation of alternately or sequentially replacing a plurality of pallets, there is a problem that the mechanism and the controller become complicated and costly.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and does not use a so-called pallet exchanger that alternately replaces pallets, which simplifies the mechanism to achieve cost down and at the same time finishes the processing of one workpiece. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool which can shorten the non-cutting time until the actual cutting of the workpiece.

Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of pallets which can move between the processing area for processing the work, the preparation area for detaching the work, and also mount the work, and the processing area and the preparation area Between the guides, a guide for guiding the plurality of pallets to move independently of each other, a base supporting the guides, and a workpiece on the pallet located in the processing area can be machined. A spindle head provided to move in three orthogonal directions, and a clamping device for fixing and positioning the pallet at a predetermined position in the machining area or the preparation area, wherein at least the spindle head is positioned on one pallet. When the workpiece is being machined in the machining zone, the guide guides another pallet to the preparation zone. A machine tool is provided which is capable of doing so.

According to the above configuration, the plurality of pallets can each independently occupy a position in the machining area and a position outside the machining area. While one pallet is fixed in the machining area and the mounted workpiece is being processed, the time required to move the column by advancing the other pallet after the workpiece replacement preparation work and fixing it in the machining area in parallel with the pallet being processed. It can be done by machining workpieces from one pallet to another. Instead of replacing the pallet in the machining area with the pallet outside the machining area, retract the other pallet that has been processed during the processing of one pallet out of the machining area, replace the workpiece, and fix it again as the next machining pallet in the machining area. Since it is possible to continue machining alternately without stopping the shaft movement, there is no stop time of the machine due to the replacement of the workpiece or pallet. Therefore, the ratio of the thread cutting time can be improved.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a machine tool provided with a pallet according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view.

The column 1 is installed on the base 1 to slide in the lateral direction (X-axis direction), and the column 3 can slide on the column 2 in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction). The main shaft head 4 is mounted on the column 3 so as to slide in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). The columbase 2 is driven by the X-axis motor 5, the colum 3 is the Y-axis motor 6, and the main shaft head 4 is driven by the Z-axis motor 7, respectively. The spindle head 4 is provided with a spindle 9, which is driven by the spindle motor 8, and an ATC device 11 driven by the ATC motor 10.

The fixed table 13 is fixed to the table part 12 in front of the base 1. On the fixed table 13, two pallets 21 and 22 can be mounted in parallel in the transverse direction (X-axis direction). The main shaft 9 can move on the stationary table 13 in which two pallets 21 and 22 were parallel, and the stationary table 13 forms the machining area of a machine tool. The preparation station 14 is fixed to the base 1 at the front of the fixed table 13. The preparation station 14 is fixed to the base 1 and is mounted. On the preparation station 14, two sets of roller guides 15 and 16 which are in contact with the fixed table 13 are arranged, and each set of roller guides 15 and 16 has one pallet 21 and ( 22) is mounted. When the pallets 21 and 22 are guided by the roller guides 15 and 16, they can reciprocate between the retreat position on the preparation station 14 and the advance position of the fixing table 13. Handles 23 and 24 are provided on each pallet 21 and 22, and each pallet 21 and 22 is manually moved forward or backward. Clamp devices 17, 18, 19, and 20 are disposed on the left and right of the stationary table 13 and the preparation station 14 in correspondence with the pallets 21 and 22, respectively. The clamp devices 17 to 20 insert a positioning pin into a coupling hole (not shown) formed in each of the pallets 21 and 22, and move the pallet onto the fixed table 13 or the preparation station 14. Apparatus provided with the well-known clamping mechanism which regulates the position of the front-back direction of 21 and 22, and then clamps the pallet 21 and 22 so that the pallet 21 and 22 may not move. to be. The clamping device 18 of the fixed table 13 and the clamping device 17 of the preparation station 14 corresponding to each pallet 21 and 22 are connected and interlocked by a link mechanism.

The circumference | surroundings of the stationary table 13 are surrounded by the cover 15, and the scattering of the cutting powder and cutting liquid is prevented. In particular, between the stationary table 13 and the preparation station 14, two slide covers 26, 27 on the left and right sides are disposed corresponding to the pallets 21, 22 so that the pallets 21, It is possible to open and close the movement path every 22.

The operation according to the above configuration will be described. 3 to 8 are schematic plan views for explaining the operation.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, two pallets 21 and 22 are placed on the preparation station 14. The preparation work for mounting the work piece 31 on the first pallet 21 is performed. Next, when mounting of the workpiece 31 is completed, the first pallet 21 is sent out onto the fixed table 13 as shown in FIG. 4, and fixed by the clamp device 18. By closing the left slide cover 26 and starting the machine, the machine starts to process the work piece 31 on the first pallet 21. During this processing, the next work piece 32 is placed on the second pallet 22. When the mounting of the work piece 32 is completed, as shown in FIG. 5, the 2nd pallet 22 is sent out on the fixing table 13, and is fixed by the clamp apparatus 20. FIG. In the meantime, the machine continues to process the workpiece 31 on the first pallet 21. Then, the right slide cover 27 is closed to wait for the end of processing of the work piece 31 on the first pallet 21.

When the work of the work piece 31 on the first pallet 21 is finished, as shown in FIG. 6, the colum 3 moves to the right, and then the work piece 32 on the second pallet 22 is shown. Begin to process. During this process, the left slide cover 26 is opened, the clamp device 18 is released, and the first pallet 21 is pulled out onto the preparation station 14. Then, the finished workpiece 31 is lifted and replaced with the next workpiece 33. When the mounting of the next work piece 33 to the first pallet 21 is completed, as shown in FIG. 7, it is sent out to the fixing table 13 of the first pallet 21 and the clamp device 18 is shown. To be fixed by. Then, the left slide cover 26 is closed to wait for the end of processing of the work piece 32 on the second pallet 22.

When the work of the work piece 32 on the second pallet 22 is finished, as shown in FIG. 8, the colum 3 moves to the left, and then the work piece 33 on the first pallet 21 is moved. The processing of starts. While the machine is processing the workpiece 33 on the first pallet 21, the right slide cover 27 is opened, the clamp device 20 is released and the second pallet 22 is placed on the preparation station 14. The workpiece 32 is finished and replaced with the next workpiece 34. And again, as shown in FIG. 5, the 2nd pallet 22 is sent out on the fixed table 13, it is fixed by the clamp apparatus 20, and the completion | finish of the process of the 1st pallet 21 is stopped. waiting. Hereinafter, by repeating the above-mentioned operation, while the machine processes the workpiece 31 of one pallet 21, the workpiece 32 of the other pallet 22 is replaced, and it cuts continuously without stopping a machine. Processing can be performed.

In this embodiment, only the mechanisms for moving the pallets 21 and 22 forward and backward and the devices 17 to 20 clamped at the forward and backward positions thereof may be provided. It does not require complicated instruments to alternate pallets, and has the advantage that the instruments are simple and very inexpensive.

In the present embodiment, the pallets 21 and 22 are manually moved by the operator. However, air cylinders are installed on the pallets 21 and 22 to move them automatically. It is also possible to make it semi-automatic to automatically move only when the finished pallets 21 and 22 are retracted onto the preparation station 14.

As described above, the present invention has the above-described configuration, and includes a plurality of pallets and a mechanism for moving each pallet independently to the forward and retracted positions. Therefore, the processing of one workpiece is completed and the next workpiece Since it is possible to continue machining alternately without stopping the axis movement when moving to machining, there is an excellent effect of increasing the ratio of the actual cutting time during the operation of the machine tool. In addition, it does not require a complicated pallet changer, and since the operation is simple and the mechanism is simple, there is an advantage that it can be provided at low cost.

Claims (1)

Between a processing area capable of processing a workpiece, a preparation area capable of removing a workpiece, and a plurality of pallets on which a workpiece can be mounted, and between the processing area and the preparation area. And a guide for guiding the plurality of pallets to move independently of each other, a base supporting the guide, and a workpiece on the pallet located in the processing area, and in three directions perpendicular to each other. A spindle head provided to be movable, and a clamping device for fixing and positioning the pallet at a predetermined position in the machining area or the preparation area, wherein at least the spindle head is configured to move a workpiece on one pallet into the machining area. When processing at, the guide can guide another pallet to the preparation area. Machine tool.