KR810000403B1 - 용융금속 정련 장치 - Google Patents
용융금속 정련 장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR810000403B1 KR810000403B1 KR7701903A KR770001903A KR810000403B1 KR 810000403 B1 KR810000403 B1 KR 810000403B1 KR 7701903 A KR7701903 A KR 7701903A KR 770001903 A KR770001903 A KR 770001903A KR 810000403 B1 KR810000403 B1 KR 810000403B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- block
- metal
- molten metal
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238634 Libellulidae Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012612 commercial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031070 response to heat Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/064—Obtaining aluminium refining using inert or reactive gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 용기와 용기속에 배치된 한개 이상의 회전가스 분배장치 그리고 용융금속과 가스를 통과시키는 입구와 출구장치로 구성된 용융금속 정련장치에 있어서, 금속을 용융상태로 유지하기 위한 용기는 측벽과 기저벽으로 이루어진 용융금속의 침투를 막기위한 단열성 내화제 통체를 포함하고, 통체의 측벽과 기저벽의 내부 주요표면부분을 흑연 또는 실리콘 카바이드 블록으로 라이닝 처리하여 블록은 용융물과 접촉하고 인가된 열에 반응하여 두 방향 이상으로 자유로이 팽창하도록 배치되며, 블록과 전기적으로 접촉되지 않게 비고정적으로 부착된 한개 이상의 전기저항 가열소자를 포함한는 것을 특징으로 하는 금속정련 특히 용융금속 정련장치.
Priority Applications (27)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/714,669 US4040610A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1976-08-16 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| ZA00774575A ZA774575B (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-07-28 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| CA284,080A CA1082456A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-04 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| FR7724936A FR2362213A1 (fr) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-12 | Cuve et appareil d'affinage de metaux |
| AT0588777A AT364171B (de) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-12 | Vorrichtung zum raffinieren von schmelzfluessigem metall |
| IN1258/CAL/77A IN149328B (ko) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-12 | |
| IT50672/77A IT1079449B (it) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-12 | Apparecchio per la affinazione di metalli fusi |
| YU1963/77A YU39813B (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-12 | Device for refining a molten metal |
| GR54160A GR62638B (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-13 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| ES461601A ES461601A1 (es) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-13 | Un recipiente adaptado para mantener metal en estado de fu- sion. |
| BR7705375A BR7705375A (pt) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Vaso adaptado para manter metal em um estado fundido,e aparelho para refinacao de metal fundido |
| CS535377A CS207478B1 (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | apparatus for refining the melted metal |
| SE7709192A SE428500B (sv) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Anordning for raffinering av smelt metall |
| JP9710177A JPS5323806A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Apparatus for refining of molten metal |
| RO7791363A RO75233A (ro) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Aparat pentru rafinarea metalelor si aliajelor neferoase |
| IE1706/77A IE45466B1 (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| NLAANVRAGE7708989,A NL188171C (nl) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Inrichting voor het frissen van gesmolten metaal. |
| CH995877A CH624478A5 (ko) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | |
| DD7700200581A DD132449A5 (de) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Einrichtung zum feinen von metallschmelze |
| GB34116/77A GB1590063A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| NZ184919A NZ184919A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Metal refining vessel melt in contact with graphite or silicon carbide blocks |
| AR268799A AR216773A1 (es) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-15 | Aparato usado en la refinacion de metal |
| KR7701903A KR810000403B1 (ko) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | 용융금속 정련 장치 |
| DE2736793A DE2736793C2 (de) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | Warmhalteofen zum Raffinieren von schmelzflüssigem Metall |
| BE180217A BE857837A (fr) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | Cuve et appareil d'affinage de metaux |
| AU27928/77A AU509438B2 (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | apparatus for refining molten metal |
| ES464220A ES464220A1 (es) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-11-17 | Un aparato para refinacion de metal en fusion. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/714,669 US4040610A (en) | 1976-08-16 | 1976-08-16 | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| KR7701903A KR810000403B1 (ko) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | 용융금속 정련 장치 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR810000403B1 true KR810000403B1 (ko) | 1981-04-29 |
Family
ID=26626026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR7701903A Expired KR810000403B1 (ko) | 1976-08-16 | 1977-08-16 | 용융금속 정련 장치 |
Country Status (26)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4040610A (ko) |
| JP (1) | JPS5323806A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR810000403B1 (ko) |
| AR (1) | AR216773A1 (ko) |
| AT (1) | AT364171B (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU509438B2 (ko) |
| BE (1) | BE857837A (ko) |
| BR (1) | BR7705375A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA1082456A (ko) |
| CH (1) | CH624478A5 (ko) |
| CS (1) | CS207478B1 (ko) |
| DD (1) | DD132449A5 (ko) |
| DE (1) | DE2736793C2 (ko) |
| ES (2) | ES461601A1 (ko) |
| FR (1) | FR2362213A1 (ko) |
| GB (1) | GB1590063A (ko) |
| GR (1) | GR62638B (ko) |
| IE (1) | IE45466B1 (ko) |
| IN (1) | IN149328B (ko) |
| IT (1) | IT1079449B (ko) |
| NL (1) | NL188171C (ko) |
| NZ (1) | NZ184919A (ko) |
| RO (1) | RO75233A (ko) |
| SE (1) | SE428500B (ko) |
| YU (1) | YU39813B (ko) |
| ZA (1) | ZA774575B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4203581A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-05-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus for refining molten aluminum |
| FR2512067B1 (fr) | 1981-08-28 | 1986-02-07 | Pechiney Aluminium | Dispositif rotatif de dispersion de gaz pour le traitement d'un bain de metal liquide |
| FR2514370B1 (fr) * | 1981-10-14 | 1989-09-29 | Pechiney Aluminium | Dispositif pour le traitement, au passage, d'un courant de metal ou alliage liquide a base d'aluminium ou de magnesium |
| DE3247349C1 (de) * | 1982-12-22 | 1984-05-24 | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen mbH, 3000 Hannover | Schmelzofen zur Verglasung von hochradioaktivem Abfall |
| FR2539761A1 (fr) * | 1983-01-26 | 1984-07-27 | Sp P Konstruktor | Installation pour deposer un revetement protecteur sur des profiles lamines par un procede chaud |
| EP0183402B1 (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1988-08-17 | Foseco International Limited | Rotary device, apparatus and method for treating molten metal |
| US4717126A (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1988-01-05 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus for holding and refining of molten aluminum |
| US4685822A (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1987-08-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Strengthened graphite-metal threaded connection |
| US4738717A (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1988-04-19 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method for controlling the density of solidified aluminum |
| US4744545A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-05-17 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Apparatus for degassing molten metal |
| US4784374A (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1988-11-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Two-stage aluminum refining vessel |
| US4998710A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1991-03-12 | Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation | Apparatus for holding and refining of molten aluminum |
| US4941647A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1990-07-17 | Union Carbide Corporation | Protective lining for aluminum refining vessel |
| EP0428363B1 (en) * | 1989-11-14 | 1995-06-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Apparatus for holding and refining of molten aluminium |
| US4992241A (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1991-02-12 | Alcan International Limited | Recycling of metal matrix composites |
| US5158737A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1992-10-27 | Altec Engineering, Inc. | Apparatus for refining molten aluminum |
| US6049067A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 2000-04-11 | Eckert; C. Edward | Heated crucible for molten aluminum |
| US6056803A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2000-05-02 | Alcan International Limited | Injector for gas treatment of molten metals |
| JP3707726B2 (ja) | 2000-05-31 | 2005-10-19 | Hoya株式会社 | 炭化珪素の製造方法、複合材料の製造方法 |
| US20030080480A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-05-01 | Richard Larouche | Apparatus for treating molten metal having a sealed treatment zone |
| US6830723B2 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2004-12-14 | Alcan International Limited | Apparatus for treating molten metal having a sealed treatment zone |
| RU2228964C1 (ru) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-05-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Российский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт титана и магния" | Печь непрерывного рафинирования магния |
| CN101490287B (zh) * | 2006-07-13 | 2013-01-02 | 派瑞泰克有限公司 | 用于使气体散布到熔融金属中的推进器 |
| DE102011014249A1 (de) * | 2011-03-17 | 2012-09-20 | Feuerungsbau Bachmeier GmbH & Co. KG | Industrieofen, insbesondere Dosier- oder Warmhalteofen für eine Materialschmelze |
| RU2487953C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-07-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Северо-Кавказский горно-металлургический институт (государственный технологический университет) (СКГМИ (ГТУ) | Барабанный агрегат для получения обожженных окатышей |
| CA2908056C (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2016-06-28 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Rotary injector and process of adding fluxing solids in molten aluminum |
| CN107385232B (zh) * | 2017-09-05 | 2023-05-09 | 重庆剑涛铝业有限公司 | 一种机械铸造用铝水搅拌除气装置 |
| US11268167B2 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-03-08 | Metal Industries Research And Development Centre | Stirring device having degassing and feeding functions |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2223617A (en) * | 1938-09-26 | 1940-12-03 | George H Johnston | Casting ladle and heating means therefor |
| US2385333A (en) * | 1942-02-02 | 1945-09-25 | Carborundum Co | Furnace |
| US2393306A (en) * | 1943-05-22 | 1946-01-22 | Nat Smelting Co | Melting furnace |
| US2510932A (en) * | 1946-11-26 | 1950-06-06 | Revere Copper & Brass Inc | Apparatus for melting and treating metal |
| LU57030A1 (ko) * | 1968-10-04 | 1970-04-06 | Glaverbel | |
| CH533286A (de) * | 1971-01-15 | 1973-01-31 | Wertli Alfred | Widerstandsbeheizter Schmelz- oder Warmhalteofen für horizontale Stranggiesseinrichtungen |
| US3743263A (en) * | 1971-12-27 | 1973-07-03 | Union Carbide Corp | Apparatus for refining molten aluminum |
| NO142764C (no) * | 1974-12-23 | 1980-10-08 | Union Carbide Corp | Tolagsforing for en utvendig oppvarmet stoepejernsdigel samt fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av en slik foring |
-
1976
- 1976-08-16 US US05/714,669 patent/US4040610A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-07-28 ZA ZA00774575A patent/ZA774575B/xx unknown
- 1977-08-04 CA CA284,080A patent/CA1082456A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-12 IN IN1258/CAL/77A patent/IN149328B/en unknown
- 1977-08-12 YU YU1963/77A patent/YU39813B/xx unknown
- 1977-08-12 IT IT50672/77A patent/IT1079449B/it active
- 1977-08-12 AT AT0588777A patent/AT364171B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-12 FR FR7724936A patent/FR2362213A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-08-13 ES ES461601A patent/ES461601A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-08-13 GR GR54160A patent/GR62638B/el unknown
- 1977-08-15 IE IE1706/77A patent/IE45466B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-15 DD DD7700200581A patent/DD132449A5/xx unknown
- 1977-08-15 NZ NZ184919A patent/NZ184919A/xx unknown
- 1977-08-15 JP JP9710177A patent/JPS5323806A/ja active Granted
- 1977-08-15 AR AR268799A patent/AR216773A1/es active
- 1977-08-15 GB GB34116/77A patent/GB1590063A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-15 BR BR7705375A patent/BR7705375A/pt unknown
- 1977-08-15 CS CS535377A patent/CS207478B1/cs unknown
- 1977-08-15 RO RO7791363A patent/RO75233A/ro unknown
- 1977-08-15 CH CH995877A patent/CH624478A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-15 SE SE7709192A patent/SE428500B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-15 NL NLAANVRAGE7708989,A patent/NL188171C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-16 DE DE2736793A patent/DE2736793C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-08-16 BE BE180217A patent/BE857837A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-16 KR KR7701903A patent/KR810000403B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1977-08-16 AU AU27928/77A patent/AU509438B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-17 ES ES464220A patent/ES464220A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4040610A (en) | 1977-08-09 |
| AT364171B (de) | 1981-09-25 |
| CA1082456A (en) | 1980-07-29 |
| BR7705375A (pt) | 1979-03-13 |
| CS207478B1 (en) | 1981-07-31 |
| FR2362213A1 (fr) | 1978-03-17 |
| JPS5323806A (en) | 1978-03-04 |
| GR62638B (en) | 1979-05-15 |
| ES464220A1 (es) | 1978-07-01 |
| ATA588777A (de) | 1981-02-15 |
| NL188171B (nl) | 1991-11-18 |
| NL188171C (nl) | 1992-04-16 |
| SE7709192L (sv) | 1978-02-17 |
| CH624478A5 (ko) | 1981-07-31 |
| AU2792877A (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| IT1079449B (it) | 1985-05-13 |
| YU196377A (en) | 1982-10-31 |
| SE428500B (sv) | 1983-07-04 |
| BE857837A (fr) | 1978-02-16 |
| AR216773A1 (es) | 1980-01-31 |
| NL7708989A (nl) | 1978-02-20 |
| GB1590063A (en) | 1981-05-28 |
| IE45466B1 (en) | 1982-09-08 |
| NZ184919A (en) | 1980-08-26 |
| AU509438B2 (en) | 1980-05-15 |
| FR2362213B1 (ko) | 1984-06-22 |
| ES461601A1 (es) | 1978-06-16 |
| JPS5631849B2 (ko) | 1981-07-24 |
| YU39813B (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| DE2736793C2 (de) | 1982-11-11 |
| IE45466L (en) | 1978-02-16 |
| DE2736793A1 (de) | 1978-02-23 |
| DD132449A5 (de) | 1978-09-27 |
| RO75233A (ro) | 1981-04-30 |
| ZA774575B (en) | 1978-06-28 |
| IN149328B (ko) | 1981-10-24 |
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