KR20250077060A - Pressure gradient structure-based Multilayer Fabric for Chemical, Biological, Radiological Protection - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection having a pressure gradient structure. According to this, the fabric of the chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing has first and second aerosol blocking layers that are different from each other on both sides of an adsorption layer, thereby improving durability and all-weather protective performance against chemical, biological, and radiological attacks, providing excellent wearing comfort, and reducing thermal fatigue by allowing heat and sweat to be discharged to the outside according to the wearer's activities, thereby providing excellent comfort and activity.

Description

{Pressure gradient structure-based multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological protection}

The present invention relates to a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection having a pressure gradient structure.

Chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing is personal protective equipment that protects combat personnel from various types of chemical, biological, and radiological weapons in battlefields and terrorist situations. Chemical, biological, and radiological weapons refer to chemical weapons, biological weapons, and radiological weapons, and are weapons of mass destruction used in wars, terrorism, etc. In chemical, biological, and radiological warfare situations, the general attack form is liquid or gas (vapor) in the case of chemical agents, and aerosol-type particles in the case of biological agents.

The materials of chemical, biological, and radiological protection are largely classified into impermeable, permeable, semi-permeable, and selectively permeable, depending on whether water vapor or air is released. Impermeable materials block all types of contaminants that can enter from the outside. However, there is a problem that the ability to perform missions is reduced as thermal fatigue increases rapidly after wearing them, so they are not suitable for urgent situations.

Permeable/semi-permeable materials have emerged to improve mission performance by blocking contaminants and improving wearing comfort. They are made in the form of a fabric overcoat consisting of an outer layer and an inner layer, and the inner layer is made of a layered structure of support fabric, activated carbon, and cover fabric to protect the skin.

However, penetrable/semi-penetrable materials have limitations in that they cannot completely block aerosol-phase agents, can only be used for the period in which the adsorption of activated carbon is maintained, and have disadvantages in terms of convenience because they are heavy and do not release sweat.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there is an urgent need to develop chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protective clothing that is lightweight, cost-effective, and maintains continuous performance in general environments while also having excellent washability.

Patent Document 1. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2586161

The present invention has been conceived in consideration of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection having a pressure gradient structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection having a multilayer pressure gradient structure, comprising: a first aerosol barrier layer made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties; an adsorption layer including activated carbon fibers adsorbing external chemical toxic substances attached to one surface of the first aerosol barrier layer; and a second aerosol barrier layer made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties, the nonwoven fabric being attached to the other surface of the adsorption layer and having a basis weight 0.5 to 0.8 times lower than that of the first aerosol barrier layer.

The above first aerosol blocking layer may be a non-woven fabric manufactured using one or more thermoplastic polymer fibers selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyester, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon (Nylon 6), and viscose rayon.

The above first aerosol blocking layer may be a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are blended in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40.

The second aerosol blocking layer may be a non-woven fabric manufactured using one or more thermoplastic polymer fibers selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyester, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon (Nylon 6), and viscose rayon.

The second aerosol blocking layer may be a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are blended in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80.

The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer may be a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are mixed in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40, and the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer may be a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80.

The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol barrier layer may have a basis weight of 34 to 40 g/m ² .

The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer may have a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/m2, and the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer may have a basis weight of 14 to 25 g/m2.

The outer surface of the first aerosol blocking layer may further include a cover fabric made of a waterproof and heat-dissipating material.

It may further include a support fabric arranged on the outer surface of the second aerosol blocking layer.

The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40.

The nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 24 to 25 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80.

When the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer was analyzed for micropores (D < 2 nm) by the DFT (density functional theory) method, the volume of pores with a diameter of 100 ㎛ (dV/d(log D)) was 9-10.

When the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer was analyzed for micropores (D < 2 nm) by the DFT (density functional theory) method, the volume of pores with a diameter of 100 μm (dV/d(log D)) was 5-6.

The above adhesive may be a thermoplastic polyamide adhesive having a glass transition temperature of 40°C to 80°C, applied in a dot shape on one surface with an adhesive weight of 8 to 10 g/㎡ and a dot density of 20 to 180 dot/cm2.

According to the present invention, the fabric of the chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing has first and second aerosol blocking layers having different pore distributions centered on the adsorption layer, thereby improving all-weather chemical, biological, and radiological protection performance without increasing weight, providing excellent wearing comfort, and not only being highly durable but also having good breathability and drying quickly to efficiently discharge sweat and heat generated inside to the outside, thereby ensuring comfort, and also improving stretchability by elasticity, thereby providing excellent activity level.

In addition, it can be used in various ways not only for chemical, biological, and radiological protection but also as a protective product for civilian industries by increasing the protective performance against aerosol particles and vapor phase chemical reactions while maintaining the function of the inner fiber.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a first embodiment of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a graph comparing the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/㎡) of the first aerosol blocking layer and the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/㎡) of the second aerosol blocking layer according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a graph comparing the pore distribution of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1 and activated carbon fiber.
Figure 5 is a graph of the micropore distribution of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection and activated carbon fiber manufactured from Example 1.
Figure 6 is a graph showing the chemical agent mimetic permeability analysis of activated carbon fiber, a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1, and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.
Figure 7 is a graph showing the air permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.
Figure 8 is a graph showing the moisture permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 and activated carbon fiber.
Figure 9 is a graph showing the moisture permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.

Hereinafter, a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection according to an embodiment or example of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

Hereinafter, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection having a pressure gradient structure that minimizes the protective performance and thermal fatigue of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples and drawings.

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first aerosol blocking layer (100), an adsorption layer (200), and a second aerosol blocking layer (300), as shown in FIG. 1.

Specifically, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection with improved protective performance includes: a first aerosol blocking layer (100) made of a mixed nonwoven fabric of polyethyl terephthalate (PET) and nylon, which is made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers; an adsorption layer (200) including activated carbon fibers that adsorb external chemical toxic substances and are attached to one surface of the first aerosol blocking layer (100); and a second aerosol blocking layer (300) made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers and which is attached to the other surface of the adsorption layer and has a basis weight that is 0.5 to 0.8 times lower than that of the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (100).

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention can provide integrated protective performance not only against aerosol chemical agents but also against vapor or gaseous chemical agents by controlling the pore structure of the first and second aerosol blocking layers (100, 300) arranged centered on the adsorption layer (200), and since it has excellent air permeability, moisture permeability, moisture permeability, and light weight, it can provide the effect of simultaneously improving the convenience and protective performance of chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing. In addition, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention does not require a separate treatment process or manufacturing process to obtain the improvement of the above-described characteristics, and therefore has high commercialization value.

In particular, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention not only improves the all-weather protective performance against aerosols as well as gaseous and vaporous chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants by controlling the pore structure of the first and second aerosol barrier layers without deforming the adsorption layer, but also has excellent breathability and heat transfer characteristics due to high air permeability, moisture permeability, and moisture permeability in addition to the improved protective performance without increasing the weight, so that thermal fatigue according to activity does not accumulate but is quickly regulated, thereby maintaining a comfortable state.

The first aerosol blocking layer (100) can achieve an effect by having a different nonwoven fabric pore structure from the second aerosol blocking layer (200). The pore structure of the nonwoven fabric can be controlled through the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric. The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric can be adjusted through electrospinning conditions during the nonwoven fabric manufacturing process or heating and pressurizing conditions during the densification process.

In the present invention, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the second aerosol blocking layer (200) can be formed so that the pore distribution gradually or layer by layer increases in the direction from the wearer's skin to the outside of the fabric. If the pore structure is gradually formed according to the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection, not only is the efficiency of removing contaminants due to the pore structure gradient insufficient, but also the pores of the activated carbon fibers provided in the adsorption layer (200) are excessively inhibited, which is undesirable, and is uneconomical compared to its efficiency due to the additional nonwoven fabric manufacturing process.

In order to simultaneously improve the effect of removing chemical agents in the form of aerosols, liquids, gases, and vapors while facilitating ventilation and external discharge of sweat and heat by controlling the pore structure by the pressure gradient of the nonwoven fabric, it is preferable to arrange a first aerosol blocking layer (100) and a second aerosol blocking layer (300) having different pore structures centered on the adsorption layer (200).

The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) can be used as a reference for the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers of the second aerosol blocking layer (200), and preferably, the second aerosol blocking layer (300) can be a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties and having a basis weight that is 0.5 to 0.8 times lower than that of the nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers of the first aerosol blocking layer (100).

More preferably, the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) may have a basis weight of 34 to 40 g/m ² , and at this time, the second aerosol blocking layer (300) may use a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 10 to 32 g/m ² . Most preferably, the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) has a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/m ² , and therefore, the second aerosol blocking layer (300) preferably uses a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 14 to 25 g/m ² .

When the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) has a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/m2 and the second aerosol blocking layer (300) has a basis weight of 14 to 25 g/ ^m2 , the pore structure can be finely controlled to increase the adsorption rate and penetration resistance for a vapor-type chemical agent while improving the circulation of air, moisture, and heat without directly controlling the activated carbon fiber used in the adsorption layer (200). Accordingly, when used as a product for chemical, biological, and radiological protection, the inflow of penetrating fluid is blocked, and at the same time, heat and moisture emitted from the wearer's body are actively discharged to the outside, thereby reducing the wearer's thermal fatigue and increasing activity.

In addition to the basis weight, the difference in pore distribution between the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer (300) can be expressed as follows: When analyzing micropores (D < 2 nm) by the density functional theory (DFT) method, it is preferable that the volume (dV/d(log D)) of pores having a diameter of 100 ㎛ is 9-10 for the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer (based on weight: 35 g/㎡) and 5-6 for the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer (based on weight: 25 g/㎡).

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection having the above-described composition blocks pores of 10 ㎛ to 30 ㎛ among the pores of activated carbon fibers, does not block pores of 50 ㎛ or more, which are important for breathability, reduces micropores of less than 1 nm while maintaining micropores of 1-2 nm, and increases micropores of 7-10 nm.

That is, by precisely controlling and regulating the pore distribution of activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the first and second aerosol blocking layers (100, 300), the protective performance and thermal fatigue-related moisture permeability, air permeability, and moisture permeability can be improved without increasing the weight of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection.

The above first aerosol blocking layer (100) is made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties and is located on the upper surface of the adsorption layer (200), and the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the adsorption layer (200) are fixed by an adhesive.

The above first aerosol blocking layer (100) is a non-woven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers, and is not particularly limited as long as it has pores of 20 ㎛ to 1000 ㎛, but preferably, it may be a non-woven fabric manufactured using at least one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyester, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon (Nylon 6), and viscose rayon, and most preferably, it may be a mixed fiber non-woven fabric manufactured using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6).

In the present invention, nonwoven fabric means a fabric in which the fibers contained have no longitudinal or transverse direction, and mixed fiber nonwoven fabric means a nonwoven fabric formed by mixing two types of fibers obtained using different thermoplastic resins.

More preferably, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) may be a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate and nylon fibers are mixed in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40. If the weight ratio of the polyethylene terephthalate is less than 40, there is a problem in that the tensile strength is reduced, and if it exceeds 60, there is a disadvantage in that the wearer's comfort is impaired due to a rough texture and high tensile strength, and fluff is generated when washing.

In the case where a mixed non-woven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) is used as the first aerosol blocking layer (100), it not only provides protection against aerosols and blocking and removing effects against radioactive particles, viruses/biological agents, but also has good breathability and dries quickly to efficiently discharge sweat and heat generated inside to the outside, thereby ensuring comfort, and also provides excellent activity by improving stretchability due to elasticity.

The above nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited in its manufacturing process, but preferably, a dry nonwoven fabric such as a chemical bonding nonwoven fabric, a thermal bonding nonwoven fabric, an air-lay nonwoven fabric, a wet nonwoven fabric, a spanless nonwoven fabric, a needle-punched nonwoven fabric, or a melt-blown nonwoven fabric can be used, but preferably, it can be obtained by electrospinning a polymer solution containing fibers, and it is preferable that the electrospinning is performed at a voltage of 5 to 20 V. The mixed fiber nonwoven fabric manufactured through the above process can be manufactured in the form of a sheet through a pressing process.

Preferably, the mixed fiber nonwoven fabric may further include a densification step, and the densification can be performed by a belt press (Double Belt Press, BP) or calendaring (CA) method. The belt press process is a process in which a nonwoven fabric manufactured is passed between two upper and lower heating belts and a set temperature and pressure are applied to increase the surface flatness of the nonwoven fabric and to provide a dense structure. Meanwhile, calendaring is a process in which a nonwoven fabric is passed between two rotating heating rollers and then heated and pressurized to thereby provide densification.

In addition, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) may have a surface treated to be water-repellent or oil-repellent so that it can be used as a chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection garment. That is, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) may be a nonwoven fabric treated to be water-repellent or oil-repellent.

An adhesive is applied to one side of the first aerosol blocking layer (100), an adsorption layer (200) is arranged on the surface to which the adhesive is applied, and thus the surface of the adsorption layer (200) is fixed by the adhesive of the first aerosol blocking layer (100). The surface to which the adsorption layer (200) is fixed is also referred to as the 'lower surface of the first aerosol blocking layer' in the present invention.

The adhesive is not particularly limited to a thermoplastic adhesive that allows the activated carbon fiber of the adsorption layer (200) to be firmly fixed, and preferably may be at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE), polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), and polyester (PES), and more preferably, a polyamide adhesive having a glass transition temperature of 40°C to 80°C is used.

In addition, the adhesive may be applied at 20 to 180 dots/cm2 with an adhesive amount of 8 to 10 g/cm2 on one surface where the adsorption layer (200) of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) is fixed (dot type). The dot-type adhesive can be firmly fixed to the first aerosol blocking layer (100) while minimizing a decrease in the specific surface area of the adsorption layer (200), thereby improving flexibility while maintaining the ventilation and protective functions of the fabric. If the adhesive is applied to the entire surface without a dot shape, the first aerosol blocking layer and the adsorption layer are completely adhered without an air layer between them, so that the specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is greatly reduced and cannot be obtained, and the fabric may become stiff, thereby reducing the wearer's comfort. In other words, by fixing the first aerosol blocking layer (100) by minimizing only a portion of the adsorption layer (200), a decrease in the specific surface area due to the adhesive is prevented and a comfort is improved. Accordingly, even if the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention is designed to adhere to the wearer's entire body or only part of the body due to the elasticity of the first aerosol blocking layer (100), the wearer can effectively limit the entry and exit of chemical agents into the body, thereby providing a sealing effect, while having sufficiently high air permeability, moisture permeability, and moisture permeability resistance so that sweat and heat can be quickly discharged, thereby preventing the accumulation of thermal fatigue and improving work performance.

The first aerosol blocking layer (100) may be composed of a single layer or multiple layers. However, when manufactured in multiple layers to provide rigidity of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention, the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is manufactured to be the same. When the first aerosol blocking layer (100) is a single layer, the thickness may be 300 ㎛ or less, preferably 100 to 300 ㎛, and more preferably 200 to 300 ㎛. In addition, when the first aerosol blocking layer (100) is a multiple layer, the protective power and rigidity increase as the number of layers increases. However, if the number of layers is increased indiscriminately, the air permeability and moisture permeability of the entire chemical, biological, and radiological protection fabric may decrease, and the weight may increase, which may cause problems such as restrictions on activity. Therefore, in order to increase the aerosol protective power while minimizing the air permeability, moisture permeability, and weight ratio, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) may be composed of a single layer or multiple layers depending on the intended use and desired effect.

The second aerosol blocking layer (300) is arranged on the other side of the adsorption layer (200), as illustrated in Fig. 1. The other side of the adsorption layer (200) means the side of the adsorption layer (200) opposite to the side of the adsorption layer (200) combined with the first aerosol blocking layer (100). For convenience, it may be referred to as the lower surface of the adsorption layer (200) in the present invention, and corresponds to the upper surface in the second aerosol blocking layer (300).

The second aerosol blocking layer (300) is also not particularly limited as long as it is a nonwoven fabric having aerosol particle blocking properties, and may be at least one selected from the materials mentioned in the first aerosol blocking layer (100) described above. However, as described above, it is preferable that the first aerosol blocking layer (100) described above be a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having a basis weight 0.5 to 0.8 times lower than that of the first aerosol blocking layer.

The material of the second aerosol blocking layer (300) may be the same as or different from that of the first aerosol blocking layer (100), and it is preferable to use the same material but a different blending ratio. Specifically, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) is preferably a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are blended in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40, and the second aerosol blocking layer (300) is preferably a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are blended in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80. In this case, the physical properties of a strong structure can be provided, and thus the overall life characteristics of the fabric can be improved. In addition, since the above-described configuration controls the wetness of the fabric from the skin to the outside without a support fabric and a cover fabric, thereby promoting moisture permeation, the fabric is light in weight and prevented from becoming wet, while effectively releasing moisture generated from the skin to the outside.

In addition, the second aerosol blocking layer (300) may include an adhesive on the surface ('upper surface') to which the adsorption layer (200) is attached, similar to the first aerosol blocking layer (100), thereby allowing the wrinkle structure of the activated carbon fiber to be fixed to the second aerosol blocking layer (300).

It is preferable that the adsorption layer (200) be fixed not only to the first aerosol blocking layer (100) but also to the second aerosol blocking layer (300) so as to prevent penetration of sharp objects and protect the wearer. If the second aerosol blocking layer (300) in contact with the wearer's skin is not fixed and moves separately, the gap structure between the fabrics may be deformed or twisted, and the activated carbon fibers of the adsorption layer (200) may be easily torn, and the adsorption layer may be contaminated by secretions generated from the skin.

The adsorption layer (200) is provided with activated carbon fibers that adsorb external chemical toxic substances, and is placed between the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the second aerosol blocking layer (300) so that the activated carbon fibers are fixed within the fabric.

The adsorption layer (200) includes activated carbon fibers, which are attached and fixed by an adhesive dispersed in a dot shape between the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the second aerosol blocking layer (300), so that the improved surface area of the adsorption layer (200) can enhance the protective performance against contaminants (protective performance against chemical agent liquid, vapor, and aerosol, and radioactive particles, viruses/biological agents), and can also minimize the reduction in the specific surface area by minimizing the bonding area with the adhesive. In addition, by being located between the controlled pore gradient structure of the first aerosol blocking layer (100) and the second aerosol blocking layer (300), the protective function can be maximized with only low-weight activated carbon fibers, while being breathable and drying quickly to efficiently discharge sweat and heat generated inside to the outside, thereby ensuring comfort, and at the same time providing excellent activity by improving stretchability due to elasticity.

In the case of chemical agents, the chemical agents spread in the form of particles (aerosol phase) or fog of about 0.001 to 1000 ㎛ and appear in the form of vapor after a certain period of time, so it is desirable for the protective performance to work in both the aerosol and fog forms. However, conventional protective clothing is based on the principle of primary protection by the outer skin and secondary absorption by the inner skin, and the protective effect against gaseous chemical agents is hardly considered, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of blocking chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons while simultaneously allowing sweat and heat to escape from the human body.

On the other hand, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention provides a pressure gradient structure that induces a pressure drop in the inflow direction and enhanced frictional resistance and pressure resistance in the outflow direction by arranging nonwoven fabrics having different pore distributions on the upper and lower surfaces of the adsorption layer (200), and due to this configuration, the wearer can be effectively protected from chemical, biological, and radiological substances in the form of gases and vapors as well as aerosols when worn, and since sweat and heat generated inside are efficiently discharged to the outside, the fabric has good ventilation and can provide the wearer with an excellent environment (comfort, convenience) and low thermal fatigue even during long-term activities.

The activated carbon fibers provided in the above adsorption layer (200) are intended to provide protective performance against liquids, vapors, aerosols, etc. of chemical agents and/or toxic chemicals, and are manufactured through a stabilization, carbonization, and activation process of raw materials (raw fibers or fabrics). The raw materials (raw fibers or fabrics) can be raw materials (raw fibers) that are easy to secure durability in order to ensure durability during washing and wearing when used as clothing, and for example, can include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based raw materials, rayon-based raw materials, phenol-based raw materials, and cellulose-based raw materials. For example, the raw material can be a long fiber or a fabric manufactured from the long fiber by a weaving method or a knitting method, but is not limited thereto. For example, the activated carbon fibers are stabilized at 200°C to 400°C by utilizing rayon-based raw materials (or fibers or fabrics), and at 600°C or higher; Or after carbonization in the range of 600 ℃ to 800 ℃, for 10 minutes or more; or through steam activation for 10 minutes to 40 minutes.

The activated carbon fibers provided in the above adsorption layer (200) are not significantly limited in basis weight, pore structure, and specific surface area. This is because the adsorption layer is provided in the first and second aerosol blocking layers with controlled pore structure, so that even if the basis weight, pore structure, and specific surface area conditions of the activated carbon fibers of the adsorption layer (200) are somewhat low, the adsorption speed and protective performance against contaminants can be guaranteed along with sealing and activity.

Therefore, in the past, only activated carbon fibers with excellent protective performance could be used as the material of the adsorption layer in multilayer fabrics for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection, but the present invention overcomes this drawback and can provide remarkable protective performance even when activated carbon fibers are used under a wide range of conditions, thereby reducing the cost of the fabric and enabling recycling of the activated carbon fibers, so it is excellent in economic terms.

The above activated carbon fiber has a basis weight of 200 g/m ² to 300 g/m ² , a specific surface area of 2000 g/m ² to 20,000 g/m ² , micropores of 0.2 nm to 2 nm occupy 70% to 90% of the total pore volume, and have pores of 10 ㎛ to 100 ㎛.

The activated carbon fiber of the above adsorption layer (200) may further include powder or bead-shaped activated carbon. The activated carbon may be fixed to the adsorption layer (200). In order to increase the protection efficiency of conventional chemical, biological, and radiological protection multilayer fabrics, activated carbon was applied to fibers having a flat structure, but there was a problem that the protection efficiency was significantly reduced when it fell off. However, in the present invention, even if activated carbon is further included by the adsorption layer (200), since the protection performance is secured by controlling the pore structure of the first and second aerosol blocking layers, activated carbon can be further included in the adsorption layer (200) without concern for the protection performance being reduced due to the fall off of the activated carbon.

The activated carbon is not particularly limited, but may have a diameter of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, a crushing strength of 5 N or more, and a specific surface area of 1000 g/m ² to 2500 g/m ² . The activated carbon may have a total pore volume of 0.5 cm ³ /g to 1.5 cm ³ /g, and a pore volume formed by micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less among the pores may be 30% to 90% of the total pore volume.

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of the present invention configured as described above exhibited higher protective performance than the protective standard of JSLIST (Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology), and compared to the conventional multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection, the protective effect against gaseous chemical agents increased by 30%, and the moisture permeability, air permeability, and moisture permeability also had values 20 to 35% higher. Since these effects can be achieved without increasing the weight, it has achieved relative weight reduction compared to the effect, and since it has an excellent effect of efficiently discharging sweat and heat to the outside while maintaining the protective function against gaseous pollutants, it has overcome the limitations of the conventional chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing by reducing the increase in thermal fatigue and allowing stable activity for a long time. In addition, even if the chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing is manufactured to be in close contact with the wearer using the chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing according to the present invention to provide sealing properties to prevent chemicals from entering the clothing, it can provide a comfortable environment and activity to the wearer due to improved breathability, drying power, etc.

When the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of the present invention satisfies the following conditions, the structure is firmly fixed internally and externally, so that even if exposed to strong blast pressure or storm pressure due to an external explosion such as a chemical, biological, or radiological attack, the pressure gradient structure of the present invention is less likely to be destroyed, damaged, or deformed, and even if deformed, when the blast pressure disappears, the pressure gradient structure is restored by the nonwoven fabric structure of the controlled aerosol blocking layer itself, so that smooth chemical, biological, and radiological protection and comfort due to breathability can be continuously maintained.

① The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol barrier layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40.

② The nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 24 to 25 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80.

③ The pore distribution was analyzed by the DFT (density functional theory) method for micropores (D < 2 nm), and the volume (dV/d(log D)) of pores having a diameter of 100 ㎛ was 9-10 for the nonwoven fabric (weight: 35 g/㎡) of the first aerosol blocking layer, and 5-6 for the nonwoven fabric (weight: 25 g/㎡) of the second aerosol blocking layer.

④ The adhesive is a thermoplastic polyamide adhesive having a glass transition temperature of 40°C to 80°C, applied in the form of dots on one surface with an adhesive weight of 8 to 10 g/㎡ and a dot density of 20 to 180 dot/cm2.

If any of the above conditions are not met, the blocking and protection performance against chemical, biological, and radiological attacks and the comfort due to ventilation are excellent, but it is not desirable because it is impossible to obtain a protective effect against strong blast pressure or hurricane pressure caused by an external explosion such as a chemical, biological, or radiological attack.

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment described above in that it further includes a support fabric (500) and a cover fabric (400) as shown in Fig. 2. Therefore, only this difference will be described as follows.

A cover fabric (400) is further included on the outer surface of the first aerosol blocking layer (100), and a support fabric (500) is arranged on the outer surface of the second aerosol blocking layer (300). Specifically, a second aerosol blocking layer (300), an adsorption layer (200), a first aerosol blocking layer (100), and a cover fabric (500) are sequentially attached to the upper surface of the support fabric (500) to form an integral structured fabric so as to block aerosols from coming into contact with the skin at the front, while sweat or moisture released from the skin is released to the outside, thereby providing lightweight chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protective clothing having the excellent protective performance described above.

By repeating the process of releasing heat or sweat by ensuring good ventilation through the support fabric (500) and the cover fabric (400), it is possible to facilitate the wearer's activities, so that it can be used in various places, and since the first aerosol blocking layer (100') stably protects the second aerosol blocking layer (300), no separate maintenance costs are required.

The cover fabric (400) is positioned at the outermost layer of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a waterproof and heat-dissipating material, but preferably, it may be a fiber including at least one or more of polyester (PES), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylic (PAN), polyamide (PA), polyaramid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyurethane, polyvinyl ester, acrylate, Raytheon, nylon, and cotton, or a mixture thereof, and may be coated with a water-repellent and oil-repellent agent.

The above water-repellent and oil-repellent agent may use a _C8 or _C6 series carbon fluorocarbon product, but the specific ratio and coating method may apply a method known in the technical field of the present invention and are not limited thereto.

The above support fabric (500) is a part of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection that comes into contact with the wearer's skin. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used as a lining, but preferably, it may include fibers or blends thereof including at least one material selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon, polyamide, polyvinylchloride, polyketone, polycarbonate, fluoropolymer, polyacrylate, polyurethane, and polypropylene, and preferably, it may be polyester and nylon. The support fabric (500) may be selected in consideration of the required strength and the overall weight level, and specifically, may have a basis weight of 10 g/m ² to 100 g/m ² .

The above support fabric (500) may be a hydrophobic fiber substrate, and by forming a wettability gradient that takes into account the wettability of the nonwoven adsorption layer and the support fabric layer, heat and sweat generated within the body can be easily discharged to the outside.

The second embodiment as described above has water-repellent and oil-repellent properties by the support fabric (500) and the cover fabric (400), so that the wearer can be more safely protected from various chemical agents. In addition, the outer surfaces of the first and second aerosol blocking layers are shielded by the support fabric (500) and the cover fabric (400), thereby providing an air layer between the first and second aerosol blocking layers, so that the insulation performance can be improved.

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the first and second embodiments described above is manufactured into chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing, chemical, biological, and radiological gas masks, purification cans, combat uniforms, field tents, camouflage nets, police uniforms, and industrial protective clothing. In such cases, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection can be used as the outer fabric or outer skin of chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing, or alternatively, it can be used as the lining or inner skin, or it can be manufactured by itself.

When a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection is used, the first aerosol blocking layer (100) is used as the surface surface exposed to the external environment, and the second aerosol blocking layer (300) is used as the inner surface facing the wearer's skin.

In addition, the chemical, biological, and radiological protection clothing manufactured thereby has improved durability and all-weather chemical, biological, and radiological protection performance due to the components of the first and second aerosol blocking layers and the adsorption layer described above, has excellent wearing comfort, high durability, short wearing time, provides sealing and excellent activity without weight increase, and has excellent breathability and drying power as well as inhibits penetration of sharp objects, so that the wearer can be protected from various threats.

The above-described embodiments merely explain preferred examples of the present invention, so the scope of application of the present invention is not limited thereto, and if the essential features can be satisfied, appropriate modifications (changes in structure or configuration, partial omissions, or supplements) are possible within the scope of the same idea. In addition, the above-described embodiments may have some or many of the features combined with each other. Accordingly, the structure and configuration of each component shown in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by modification or combination, and it is natural that such modifications or combinations of structures and configurations fall within the scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

<Example 1> Manufacturing of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection with a pressure gradient structure (multilayer pressure gradient structure)

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection was manufactured as follows. Activated carbon fibers were stabilized at 200 to 400°C and carbonized in the range of 600 to 800°C, and manufactured through steam activation for 10 to 40 minutes using rayon-based ^{raw materials. Activated carbon fibers having a basis weight of 200 to 300 g/m2 and} a BET surface area of 2000 to 2500 ^m2 /g were manufactured using a knitting method. At this time, the activated carbon fibers used had a micropore ratio of 2 nm or less of 80% or more and a pore size of 10 to 100 μm, ^and since they adsorb moisture or organic substances quickly, they were dried at high temperature (80°C) before manufacturing and packaging them as protective clothing, and then stored in sealed packaging.

Next, in order to fix the activated carbon fibers to the first and second aerosol barrier layers, an adhesive was applied in a dot shape to one surface of the first and second aerosol barrier layers. A polyamide adhesive was used as the adhesive, and the adhesive used had a temperature of 40°C to 80°C. The adhesive amount of the adhesive was 8-10 g/cm2, and the dot density was 100 dot/ ^cm2 .

The first and second aerosol blocking layers use a mixed nonwoven fabric of polyethyl terephthalate (PET) and nylon having different pore distributions. Specifically, the first aerosol blocking layer uses a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 35 g/m2 and having pores of 20 μm to 1000 μm, manufactured by mixing polyethyl terephthalate (PET) and nylon in a ratio of 50:50, and the second aerosol blocking layer uses a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 25 g/m2 and having pores of 20 μm to 1000 μm, manufactured by mixing polyethyl terephthalate (PET) and nylon in a ratio of 15:85.

By forming the pore distributions of the first and second aerosol barrier layers described above differently, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection can achieve a pressure gradient structure that induces a pressure drop in the inflow direction and a pressure loss in the outflow direction.

Activated carbon fibers were positioned between the first and second aerosol barrier layers to which the adhesive was applied, and adhesion was attempted. At this time, the temperature was set to 110°C, the pressure was set to 2.0 bar, and the speed was set to 1 m/min to 5 m/min, thereby melting the dot-shaped adhesive of the first and second aerosol barrier layers through a heating and pressurizing process, and then attaching the adsorption layer.

<Comparative Example 1> Multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection without pressure gradient structure (multilayer structure)

A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nonwoven fabric weights of the first and second aerosol barrier layers were arranged to be 25 g/㎡.

<Experimental Example 1> Analysis of pore distribution

The nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/㎡) of the first aerosol barrier layer used in the present invention, the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/㎡) of the second aerosol barrier layer, activated carbon fiber, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Example 1 and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Comparative Example 1 were analyzed by porosity (prosimeter) (PM33GT, Quantachrome, USA) to measure the pore size and size distribution in the macropore range existing on the surface by adsorbing Hg. Specifically, after sufficiently pretreating at 100˚C for 72 hours to completely remove excess moisture in the sample, mercury adsorption was performed by changing the pressure on the sample.

Figure 3 is a graph comparing the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/㎡) of the first aerosol blocking layer and the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/㎡) of the second aerosol blocking layer according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 3, it can be confirmed that the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/m2) of the first aerosol blocking layer has more pores than the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/m2) of the second aerosol blocking layer. Specifically, it can be confirmed that the distribution of pores having a diameter of 100 ㎛ is about twice as high in the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/m2) of the first aerosol blocking layer than in the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/m2) of the second aerosol blocking layer.

Specifically, the volume of pores having a diameter of 100 ㎛ (dV/d(log D)) of the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 35 g/㎡) of the first aerosol blocking layer may be 9-10, and the volume of pores having a diameter of 100 ㎛ of the nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 25 g/㎡) of the second aerosol blocking layer may be 5-6.

Figure 4 is a graph comparing the pore distribution of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1 and activated carbon fiber.

Here, log(differential pore volume) is expressed as dV/d(log D), where dV represents the differential pore volume and d(log D) represents the differential value of log(pore diameter D).

As shown in Fig. 4, it was confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 blocked pores of 10 ㎛ to 30 ㎛ among the pores of activated carbon fibers and did not block pores of 50 ㎛ or more, which are important for breathability. In other words, it can be seen that the pore distribution of activated carbon fibers can be finely controlled and adjusted by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1.

<Experimental Example 2> Analysis of micropore distribution

In order to confirm the micropore distribution of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection and activated carbon fiber manufactured from Example 1, N ₂ adsorption and DFT analysis were performed as follows.

The micropore volume and micropore distribution of the activated carbon fiber used in the present invention and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Example 1 and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Comparative Example 1 were analyzed by surface area and pore size analyzer (Autosorb-iQ & Quadrasorb Sl, Quantachrome, USA) using the DFT (density functional theory) model and the adsorption-desorption technique of N ₂ gas. Specifically, after sufficient pretreatment at 100˚C for 72 hours to completely remove excess moisture in the sample, nitrogen adsorption was performed at -196˚C.

FIG. 5 is a graph of the micropore distribution of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and the activated carbon fiber. According to the graph, it was confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has a pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) that maintains the 1-2 nm micropores of the activated carbon fiber, reduces the micropores below 1 nm, and increases the micropores of 7-10 nm.

That is, it can be seen that the pore distribution of activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, is finely controlled and adjusted by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1.

<Experimental Example 1> Evaluation of protection performance

Analysis of chemical agent simulant adsorption rate of multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection

In order to verify the chemical warfare agent blocking performance, a chemical warfare agent simulant vapor was used. A chemical warfare agent simulant generally means a low-toxicity compound having a chemical structure similar to that of an actual substance. For example, simulants of blister agents include methyl salicylate and 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide, and in the present invention, instead of directly using the blister agent sulfur mustard, its analogue 2-chloroethyl ethylsulfide was used.

For the experiment, a liquid chemical agent simulant was first placed in a beaker heated to 40°C, the beaker inlet was sealed, and a beaker filled with chemical agent simulant vapor was prepared.

To analyze the adsorption rate of the chemical agent mimic of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection, the adsorbent (activated carbon fiber (ACC5092-20) from KURAREI) whose initial weight was measured was placed in a 1 ml vial, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection (sample) was placed at the entrance of the vial and then fixed with a vial cap with a hole.

The vial with the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection fixed was placed in a beaker filled with the previously prepared chemical agent mimic vapor and left at 40℃ for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the vial with the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection fixed was retrieved and the weight of the adsorbent that adsorbed the chemical agent mimic that passed through the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection was re-measured to evaluate the chemical agent adsorption and removal performance. The weight change was converted to g/㎡/day by dividing it by the area through which the chemical agent mimic penetrated and the time.

As a comparison group, only the same activated carbon fiber used in the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection was used, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Comparative Example 1 was used.

Analysis results

Figure 6 is a graph showing the chemical agent mimetic permeability analysis of activated carbon fiber, a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1, and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.

As shown in Fig. 6, it was confirmed that the activated carbon fiber had a chemical agent mimetic permeability of 224 ± 17 g/m2/day, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 had a chemical agent mimetic permeability of 137 ± 52 g/m2/day, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 had a chemical agent mimetic permeability of 193 ± 22 g/m2/day. That is, by precisely controlling and regulating the pore distribution of the activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1, it is significant in that the chemical agent mimetic permeability was reduced by 30% only by structurally adjusting the pore distribution of the first and second aerosol barrier layers to differ without increasing the weight.

The pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 effectively blocked the inflow of chemical agent simulant vapor by strengthening the pressure applied to the inflow.

<Experimental Example 2> Evaluation of air permeability, water permeability, and moisture permeability resistance

Air permeability measurement

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 were used as samples for comparative analysis. Each sample was prepared as 20 ㎠ and evaluated. This was measured at the Korea Apparel Testing & Research Institute according to the KS K ISO 9237 method. Specifically, after fixing the sample to an air permeability measuring device (FX-3300, Textest, Swiss), the air flow rate at which the pressure difference through the test piece surface in the vertical direction became 100 Pa was measured, and the amount of air flow transmitted was converted to ft ³ /ft ² /min and expressed. At this time, the air permeability was calculated by the following equation.

[Formula 1]

: 유량의 산술 평균 (dm³/min)

: Arithmetic mean of flow rate (dm ³ /min)

A : Test area of the test piece (cm ² )

167: Constant for converting to dm ³ /min/cm ²

Water permeability measurement

The multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 were used as samples and compared and analyzed. Each sample was prepared as 1 ㎠ and evaluated. The sample was placed at the entrance of a 1 ㎖ vial containing water and fixed with a vial cap with a hole. After measuring the initial weight, it was placed in a 40 ℃ beaker and the beaker entrance was sealed. After leaving it for 24 hours, the weight of the sample was measured. The changed weight of the sample was divided by the area through which moisture penetrated and the time, and converted into g/㎡/day.

Measurement of water resistance

Moisture permeability refers to the amount of heat required for water vapor to pass through a sample, and is related to thermal fatigue. The moisture permeability was measured and analyzed by the Korea Apparel Testing & Research Institute according to the ISO 11092 standard. Specifically, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 were used as samples for comparative analysis. Each sample was prepared as 1 m2. The water vapor partial pressure ( p _a ) inside the measurement room and the saturated water vapor partial pressure ( p _m ) on the surface of the measurement part were measured under the conditions of 35 ℃ and 40 %RH. The measured values were introduced into the equation below to derive the moisture permeability (m ² ㆍPa / W).

[Formula 2]

R _et0 : Constant related to the moisture permeability measuring equipment (m ² ㆍK/W)

A : Area of the measuring section (m ² )

H : Heating power supplied to the measuring unit (W)

ΔH _e : Heating power correction value when measuring moisture permeability (R _et )

Figure 7 is a graph showing the air permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.

As shown in Fig. 7, it was confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 had an air permeability of 80.35 ft ³ /ft ² /min, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 had an air permeability of 31.37 ft ³ /ft ² /min.

That is, by precisely controlling and regulating the pore distribution of activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1, it is significant in that the air permeability was increased by 2.56 times compared to Comparative Example 1 only by structurally adjusting the pore distribution of the first and second aerosol barrier layers to differ without increasing the weight.

This means that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 allows smoother air circulation compared to the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection of Comparative Example 1. Accordingly, it can be confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has superior protective performance against chemical agents compared to Comparative Example 1, and has excellent wearability and mobility by reducing thermal fatigue due to air circulation.

Figure 8 is a graph showing the moisture permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 and activated carbon fiber.

As shown in Fig. 8, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 had a moisture permeability of 2532 ± 131 g/㎡/day, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 had a moisture permeability of 2147 ± 515 g/㎡/day, and the moisture permeability of the activated carbon fiber was confirmed to be 2433 ± 210 g/㎡/day.

Through this, the pore distribution of the activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, was precisely controlled and adjusted by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1, thereby significantly increasing the moisture permeability compared to Comparative Example 1 only by structurally adjusting the pore distribution of the first and second aerosol barrier layers differently without increasing the weight.

Specifically, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has a pressure gradient structure formed by the pore gradient structure, which causes a pressure loss in the flow of moisture flowing out, thereby promoting permeation.

Therefore, it can be confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has better protective performance against chemical agents than Comparative Example 1, and not only allows air circulation but also releases moisture smoothly, and as a result, it can be confirmed that it has excellent wearing comfort and activity by reducing thermal fatigue.

Figure 9 is a graph showing the moisture permeability analysis of a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 and a multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1.

As shown in Fig. 9, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 was confirmed to have a moisture permeability resistance of 4.33 m2·Pa/W, and the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Comparative Example 1 was confirmed to have a moisture permeability resistance of 3.54 m2·Pa/W.

Through this, the pore distribution of the activated carbon fibers, especially the type of micropores, was precisely controlled and adjusted by the pore gradient structure (pressure gradient structure) of the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection manufactured from Example 1, thereby significantly increasing the moisture permeability compared to Comparative Example 1 by only structurally adjusting the pore distribution of the first and second aerosol barrier layers to differ without increasing the weight.

Specifically, it can be seen that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has a pressure gradient structure formed by the pore gradient structure, and this causes a pressure loss in the flow of moisture and heat flowing out, thereby promoting permeation.

Therefore, it can be confirmed that the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection manufactured from Example 1 has superior protective performance against chemical agents than Comparative Example 1, and not only releases moisture but also releases heat smoothly, thereby reducing thermal fatigue and providing excellent wearability and activity.

Accordingly, as manufactured in the examples, the multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, and radiological protection according to the present invention not only has excellent protective performance, but also allows heat and sweat to be discharged to the outside according to the wearer's activities, thereby reducing thermal fatigue, and it can be seen that it has higher protective performance, comfort, and activity level than conventional chemical, biological, and radiological protection fabrics.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical idea or essential features of the present invention.

Accordingly, the embodiments described above are provided to fully inform a person skilled in the art of the invention of the scope of the invention, and therefore should be understood to be exemplary and not restrictive in all respects, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

100: 1st aerosol barrier layer
200 : Adsorption layer
300: Second aerosol barrier layer
400 : Cover fabric
500 : Supporting Group

Claims (9)

A first aerosol barrier layer comprising a nonwoven fabric comprising thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties;
An adsorption layer comprising activated carbon fibers that adsorb external chemical toxic substances attached to one surface of the first aerosol barrier layer; and
A multilayer chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection fabric having a multilayer pressure gradient structure, comprising: a second aerosol barrier layer made of a nonwoven fabric composed of thermoplastic polymer fibers having aerosol particle blocking properties, the second aerosol barrier layer having a basis weight 0.5 to 0.8 times lower than that of the first aerosol barrier layer, and attached to the other side of the adsorption layer; In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer fiber is a non-woven fabric manufactured using at least one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyester, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon (Nylon 6), and viscose rayon. In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protection, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer fiber is a mixed nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6). In the third paragraph,
The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are mixed in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40.
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80. In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protection, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol barrier layer has a basis weight of 34 to 40 g/m ² . In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol barrier layer has a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/㎡, and the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol barrier layer has a basis weight of 24 to 25 g/㎡. In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protection, characterized in that it further includes a cover fabric made of a waterproof and heat-dissipating material on the outer surface of the first aerosol blocking layer. In the first paragraph,
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear protection, characterized by further comprising a support fabric arranged on the outer surface of the second aerosol blocking layer. In the first paragraph,
The nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 34 to 35 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 40:60 to 60:40.
The nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer is a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 24 to 25 g/㎡, which is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and nylon (Nylon 6) in a weight ratio of 10:90 to 20:80.
When the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric of the first aerosol blocking layer was analyzed for micropores (D < 2 nm) by the DFT (density functional theory) method, the volume of pores with a diameter of 100 ㎛ (dV/d(log D)) was 9-10.
When the pore distribution of the nonwoven fabric of the second aerosol blocking layer was analyzed for micropores (D < 2 nm) by the DFT (density functional theory) method, the volume of pores with a diameter of 100 μm (dV/d(log D)) was 5-6.
A multilayer fabric for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear protection with improved protective performance, characterized in that the adhesive is a thermoplastic polyamide adhesive having a glass transition temperature of 40°C to 80°C, applied in a dot shape on one surface with an adhesive weight of 8 to 10 g/㎡ and a dot density of 20 to 180 dot/㎠.

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