KR20240148725A - Water proofing method of composite wall, CIP, retaining wall, sheet pile, slurry wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a waterproofing method or a waterproofing method for a united wall, a cip wall, an earth retaining wall, an underground wall, an h pile wall, an earth retaining wall, a slurry wall, a grouting wall, a sheet pile wall, a diaphragm wall, an underground continuous wall, and the like using bentonite, a bentomat, a bentosheet, a bentonite waterproofing material, and the like.

Description

Waterproofing method of composite wall, CIP, retaining wall, sheet pile, slurry wall using bentonite {Water proofing method of composite wall, CIP, retaining wall, sheet pile, slurry wall}

The present invention relates to: a) waterproofing materials, bentomat, BentoMat, bento sheet, BentoSheet, bentonite, bentonite mat, bentonite sheet, bentonite waterproofing materials; b) a composite wall, CIP, earth retaining wall, underground wall, excavation wall, continuous wall, H-pile wall, earth retaining wall, temporary wall, slurry wall, sheet pile, grouting wall, diaphragm wall, underground continuous wall, in which one of the above is used; c) waterproofing, methods, construction methods, waterproofing materials, waterproofing methods, waterproofing construction methods, etc.

In general, buildings, facilities, walls, structures, facilities, parking lots, etc. need to be waterproofed to prevent external water from flowing in. Aboveground facilities are waterproofed to prevent rain, rainfall, etc. from flowing in, and underground facilities are waterproofed to prevent groundwater, etc. from flowing in. Since waterproofing work is usually carried out in parallel with the construction of the main structure, dust, dirt, soil, foreign substances, etc. generated during the construction of the main structure exist on the waterproofing target surface. In addition, in the case of rain, rainfall, etc., or for several days when rain, rainfall, etc. fall, moisture, water, etc. exist on the waterproofing target surface. In addition, in the case of underground facilities, since there is groundwater, seepage, etc. underground, moisture, water, etc. exist on the waterproofing target surface. In addition, the waterproofing target surface is not always smooth, clean, and flat, but has unevenness, damage, penetrations, pipes, etc.

Various buildings, facilities, walls, houses, facilities, structures, parking lots, apartments, etc. have been constructed since the past. The above buildings or apartments, etc. are essential to human life and industrial activities. The above buildings or apartments, etc. may include tunnels, culverts, basements, subways, parking lots, underground spaces, underground facilities, underground parking lots, underground facilities, underground structures, etc. In recent years, as urbanization has intensified and above-ground development in cities has reached a saturation point, the construction of tunnels or underground facilities, etc. has been actively progressing underground. The construction of the above buildings or apartments, tunnels or underground facilities, etc., may involve or require a combined wall, CIP, soil retaining wall, underground wall, excavation wall, continuous wall, H-pile wall, earth retaining wall, slurry wall, underground continuous wall, underground continuous wall, etc.

The above-mentioned joint walls, underground continuous walls, tunnels, underground structures, etc. are installed underground and have groundwater, seepage water, etc. in the surrounding area, so waterproofing is necessary to prevent the inflow or blockage of groundwater, seepage water, etc. The above-mentioned joint walls, underground structures, etc. are installed underground and are installed in parallel with earthworks, so there is a lot of soil, clay, moisture, water, and running water. Thus, it is very difficult to waterproof the joint walls, underground structures, etc. in which soil, clay, moisture, water, etc. exist, or to construct a waterproofing material for the above-mentioned joint walls, underground structures, etc.

The existing waterproofing materials include resin waterproofing materials, polymer waterproofing materials, PE waterproofing materials, EVA waterproofing materials, PVC waterproofing materials, PE waterproofing materials, LDPE waterproofing materials, HDPE waterproofing materials, self-adhesive waterproofing materials, membrane waterproofing materials, plastic waterproofing materials, and asphalt waterproofing materials. These waterproofing materials require processes such as primer application, adhesive application, welding, fusion, heat welding, and heat fusion. However, in conditions or environments with a lot of soil, clay, moisture, and water as mentioned above, it is difficult to construct the waterproofing material, and even if construction is done, the contact with the base surface such as the above-mentioned wall or underground structure may be poor, causing lifting, or the waterproofing material joints may be poorly bonded, causing leakage. In addition, even in the case of self-adhesive waterproofing materials, self-adhesion to the base surface or joints may be poor in cases with a lot of soil, clay, moisture, and water. In addition, the existing waterproofing materials mentioned above are not environmentally friendly because they use chemical or artificial materials instead of natural materials, and there is a possibility that their durability, adhesion, and waterproof properties may be reduced or deteriorated due to long-term chemical changes.

The existing patented technologies for waterproofing the above-mentioned joint walls or underground structures include a waterproofing method for the joint wall section of an underground structure (registered in Korea 10-1438727), a protective material-integrated joint wall waterproofing sheet and a method for waterproofing a composite joint wall of an underground structure using the same (registered in Korea 10-2146629), a waterproofing-compatible underground composite structure (registered in Korea 10-2066495), a CIP using a hybrid composite waterproofing sheet, a method for reverse waterproofing a joint wall of a retaining wall, etc. (registered in Korea 10-2360174), a double-sided adhesive water-expandable waterproofing sheet and a waterproofing method using the same (registered in Korea 10-1098953), a waterproofing temporary soil retaining wall method using a corrugated steel plate segment (registered in Korea 10-1352429), a waterproofing method for a reverse-cast concrete section (registered in Korea 10-0930421), a method for waterproofing underground structures (registered in the United States 09790657), There are Prefabricated waterproofing method for underground structures (Japanese application 09133367), Underground waterproofing work construction technology (Chinese publication 110206074), etc.

As described above, in cases where there is moisture, water, dust, dirt, sand, foreign substances, unevenness, damage, penetrations, pipes, etc. on the waterproofing target surface, it is often difficult to attach, join, install, lay, and construct existing waterproofing materials to the waterproofing target surface. In particular, it is almost impossible to apply waterproofing materials that apply primer or waterproofing materials that are joined by heat fusion, or it takes considerable time, effort, and cost to deal with the above problems. This is because if there is moisture, water, sand, or foreign substances on the waterproofing target surface, it is difficult to attach primer or join joints by heat fusion. Therefore, appropriate waterproofing materials and waterproofing methods that are suitable for such work, site, and target surface conditions should be developed.

In an era where the use of underground space is increasing, it would be very beneficial if a waterproofing technology that is improved over the existing technology described above is devised to create a comfortable underground environment. In addition, it would be even more beneficial if a waterproofing material, waterproofing method, or waterproofing method that is environmentally friendly and uses natural materials to facilitate waterproofing of the above-mentioned joints or underground structures where soil, dirt, moisture, and water exist is developed.

In order to improve the problems presented above, the present invention aims to provide a waterproofing material, a waterproofing method, a waterproofing method, a waterproofing construction method, etc., which are environmentally friendly and facilitate waterproofing of the above-mentioned joint walls or underground structures, etc., where soil, dirt, moisture, water, dust, etc. exist, by using natural or natural materials or minerals.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention develops bentomat, bento sheet, bentonite mat, bentonite sheet, waterproofing material of bentonite, etc. containing natural materials or natural materials such as bentonite, minerals, reactants, additives, etc., and develops methods, construction methods, technologies, etc. for effectively waterproofing, constructing, and executing the above-mentioned joint walls or underground structures using the same.

In the present invention, eco-friendly materials such as natural materials, bentonite, clay, minerals, reactants, and additives are used, and eco-friendly waterproofing materials, bentonite mats, bentonite sheets, bentonite mats, bentonite sheets, and bentonite waterproofing materials containing the above materials are provided. The materials and waterproofing materials of the present invention have, or are excellent in, the characteristics of expandability, durability, adhesiveness, waterproofness, resilience, self-adhesion, self-cohesiveness, self-adhesiveness, self-finishing, self-seaming, self-filling, self-healing, self-restorative, and the like.

The waterproofing material of the present invention uses natural materials, so it has permanent waterproofing properties without long-term deterioration, damage, decomposition, division, change, chemical change, or physical change. In addition, since it has excellent expandability, it has the characteristic of self-healing by sealing against small-scale damage or perforation. The waterproofing material of the present invention does not require processes such as primer application, adhesive application, welding, fusion, heat welding, or heat fusion, and does not require special equipment such as a coater, welder, or fusion machine due to simple laying construction. Therefore, it has the effect of fast construction speed and saving equipment, manpower, and expenses.

The waterproofing material of the present invention can be constructed even in conditions or environments where the substrate contains a lot of dirt, soil, moisture, or water, and is thus effectively used for waterproofing joints or underground structures where a lot of dirt, soil, moisture, or water exists. The waterproofing material of the present invention makes perfect contact with the substrate and the waterproofing material joints are perfectly bonded, thereby improving the problems of existing waterproofing materials, such as poor contact with the substrate, causing lifting or poor joint bonding.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing waterproofing of an underground wall according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing waterproofing of walls and floors according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing CIP construction and waterproofing according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a CIP wall and a CIP joint wall and their waterproofing according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing a CIP wall and its waterproofing according to the present invention.

The title of the present invention is a waterproofing method for a composite wall using bentonite (CIP, earth retaining wall, sheet pile, slurry wall), which refers to one waterproofing method among the composite wall using bentonite, CIP, earth retaining wall, sheet pile, and slurry wall. The present invention also includes a waterproofing, construction, work, and execution method of the composite wall or underground structure using a waterproofing material such as a sheet, a mat, a bentonite mat, a bentonite sheet, or bentonite.

Claim 1 of the present invention relates to a method for waterproofing a combined wall (40) comprising a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, and a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42). When installing the waterproofing material (25), the nonwoven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42), or the woven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42).

In claim 1, the combined wall (40) is a combined wall (40) composed of a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, and a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42). The waterproofing material (25) is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42) that constitute the combined wall (40). When installing the waterproofing material (25), it may be preferred that the nonwoven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) be directed toward the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) be directed toward the main body wall (42). And it may be preferable to have the woven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) face the underground wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the underground wall (41) and have the nonwoven fabric of the waterproofing material (25) face the main body wall (42).

Claim 2 of the present invention relates to a waterproofing material (25) composed of a woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order, which is installed between the underground wall (41) and the main body wall (42) in a combined wall (40) composed of an underground wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the underground wall, wherein when the waterproofing material (25) is installed, the nonwoven fabric faces the underground wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the underground wall (41) and the woven fabric faces the main body wall (42), or the woven fabric faces the underground wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the underground wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric faces the main body wall (42).

In claim 2, the waterproofing material (25) is composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order, and is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42) that constitute the joint wall (40). When installing it, it may be preferred that the nonwoven fabric constituting one side of the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41), and the woven fabric constituting the other side of the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42). And it may be preferred that the woven fabric constituting the other side of the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41), and the nonwoven fabric constituting one side of the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42).

Claim 3 of the present invention relates to a method for waterproofing a combined wall (40), wherein a) in a combined wall (40) composed of a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, a waterproofing material (25) composed of a woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42), b) when the waterproofing material (25) is installed, the nonwoven fabric faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric faces the main body wall (42), or the woven fabric faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric faces the main body wall (42), and c) when water comes into contact with the waterproofing material (25), the bentonite is hydrated and the waterproofing function is exhibited in the waterproofing material.

In claim 3, the combined wall (40) is configured with a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, and has a structure in which a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42). When installing the waterproofing material (25), a) it is preferred that the nonwoven fabric constituting the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric constituting the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42), and b) it may be preferred that the woven fabric constituting the waterproofing material (25) faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric constituting the waterproofing material (25) faces the main body wall (42). When water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material (25), the bentonite hydrates and expands, and the waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material.

Claim 4 of the present invention relates to a method for waterproofing a combined wall (40). In a combined wall (40) composed of a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, a waterproofing material (25) is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42). The waterproofing material (25) comes into contact with water. The water may be groundwater, seepage water, etc. existing underground (75), or groundwater, seepage water, etc. flowing in through the basement wall (41) toward the waterproofing material (25). Bentonite included, contained, embedded, injected, attached, etc. in the waterproofing material (25) hydrates and expands due to the contacted water. A bentonite gel is formed due to the hydration. A bentonite waterproofing layer is formed due to the hydration or expansion, a bentonite waterproofing layer is formed on the waterproofing material, a bentonite waterproofing layer is formed between the basement wall and the main body wall, etc. The waterproofing function of the waterproofing material is realized by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.

Claim 5 of the present invention relates to a method for waterproofing a joint wall (40). The joint wall (40) is composed of a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, a waterproofing material (25) is installed between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42), and water comes into contact with the waterproofing material (25). Bentonite included, contained, embedded, injected, attached, etc., in the waterproofing material (25) is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water. A bentonite gel is formed by the hydration, and the waterproofing material (25) is self-attached to the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42) by the bentonite gel, and expansion generates expansion pressure between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42). A bentonite waterproof layer is formed by the above-mentioned hydration or expansion or expansion pressure, a bentonite waterproof layer is formed on the above-mentioned waterproofing material, a bentonite waterproof layer is formed between the above-mentioned basement wall and the main body wall, etc. The above-mentioned waterproofing function is expressed in the above-mentioned waterproofing material by the above-mentioned bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.

Claim 6 of the present invention relates to a method for waterproofing a joint wall (40). This method comprises the steps of: a) constructing a wall (41) in a basement (75); b) excavating one side of the basement wall (41) constructed in the basement (75); c) exposing one side of the basement wall (41) by the excavation; d) cleaning up the exposed surface; e) installing a waterproofing material (25) on the exposed surface; f) installing a bentonite paste or a bentonite-coated paste at a joint , overlapping portion, overlap, overlapping portion, between joints, between overlapping portions, inside joints, inside overlapping portions, between overlaps, inside overlaps, etc., between the installed waterproofing material (25) and another waterproofing material (25) installed adjacent to the installed waterproofing material; or installing a bentonite sealant, Bento Mastic. g) a step of installing a formwork (97) spaced apart from the waterproofing material (25); h) a step of pouring concrete (92) into the formwork (97) or inside the formwork (97) or between the waterproofing material (25) and the formwork (97); i) a step of curing the poured concrete (92); j) a step of dismantling the formwork (97) after the curing; k) a step of forming a main body wall (42) by the dismantling; ℓ) a step of forming a combined wall (40) by the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42); m) a step of maintaining the waterproofing material (25) between the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42) by forming the combined wall (40); n) a step of bringing the waterproofing material (25) into contact with water; o) a step of causing bentonite included in the waterproofing material (25) to hydrate and expand by the contacted water; p) a step in which a bentonite gel is formed by the hydration; q) a step in which the waterproofing material (25) is self-attached to the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42) by the bentonite gel; r) a step in which a bentonite waterproofing layer is formed by the hydration or expansion or expansion pressure; s) a step in which a waterproofing function is expressed in the waterproofing material (25) by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer; etc. are included.

Claim 7 of the present invention relates to a waterproofing material (25) for waterproofing a combined wall (40). a) The waterproofing material (25) is installed between the combined wall (40), which is composed of a basement wall (41) formed underground (75) and a main body wall (42) formed on one side of the basement wall, b) the waterproofing material (25) comes into contact with water, c) bentonite included in the waterproofing material (25) is hydrated and expands by the contacted water, d) a bentonite gel is formed by the hydration, e) a bentonite waterproofing layer is formed by the hydration or expansion, and f) a waterproofing function is exhibited in the waterproofing material (25) by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.

Claim 8 of the present invention relates to a waterproofing material (25) for waterproofing a wall (40). Here, the waterproofing material (25) has, in addition to claim 4, the swelling index of the bentonite is 24 mℓ/2g or more, the weight per unit area of the waterproofing material (25) is 4,800 g/m ² or more, the permeability coefficient of the waterproofing material (25) is e×10 ^-9 cm/sec or less, and e is 1.0 to 9.9, the tensile strength of the waterproofing material (25) is 400 N or more, the tensile elongation of the waterproofing material (25) is 10% or more, the puncture strength of the waterproofing material (25) is 445 N or more, and the fiber layer separation strength of the waterproofing material (25) is 66 N/m or more. The above fiber layer separation strength is the strength at which the fiber layer composed of the fibers of the woven fabric and the fibers of the nonwoven fabric is separated in a waterproofing material (25) in which one side is a woven fabric side and the other side is a nonwoven fabric side, a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order, a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, and bentonite inserted therebetween.

The present invention comprises: a) a composite wall (40), CIP, cast inplace pile, CIP wall (41), earth retaining wall (41), underground wall, underground wall, ground wall, excavated wall, column wall, continuous wall, H-pile wall, H-pile wall, retaining wall, earth retaining wall, temporary wall, temporary wall, slurry wall, slurry wall, cast-in-place wall, underground retaining wall, underground column wall, underground pile wall, underground panel wall, underground excavated wall, grouting wall, grouting wall, sheet pile wall, diaphragm wall, soil cement wall, deep cement mixing wall, cement mixing wall, underground continuous wall; b) the tunnel or underground structure (130); c) a roof, slab (55) installed on the upper part of one of the above-mentioned combined wall or underground continuous wall (40, 41, 42); d) a protective material (56), soil layer, backfill layer, vegetation zone, vegetation zone layer (76) installed on the upper part of the above-mentioned slab; e) the tunnel or underground structure including the combined wall or vegetation zone, etc.; f) the combined wall or underground structure installed underground or in the ground; g) a main wall, inner wall, outer wall, main body wall, concrete wall, double wall, additional wall, load-bearing wall, composite wall, concrete wall, or reinforced concrete wall of one of the above-mentioned; h) the main wall or reinforced concrete wall installed in close contact with one of the above-mentioned combined wall or underground continuous wall or installed on one side thereof; i) one of the above-mentioned waterproofing, construction, execution, construction, installation; j) one of the above-mentioned methods, methods, construction methods, materials, equipment, devices, facilities; k) the above-mentioned combined wall or facility on which the bentonite waterproofing material is constructed or installed; ℓ) the waterproofing material, bentonite waterproofing material, constructed or installed on the above-mentioned combined wall or facility, etc.; m) the above-mentioned combined wall or facility using the bentonite waterproofing material; n) the above-mentioned combined wall or facility waterproofed by the bentonite waterproofing material; o) the waterproofing method of the above-mentioned combined wall or facility using the bentonite waterproofing material; etc.

In the present invention, the waterproofing material, bentonite waterproofing material, etc. (25) are installed or constructed on a) the combined wall or underground structure; b) one side, one side, two sides, cross-section, inner side, outer side, upper side, upper surface, wall surface, exposed surface, one side, both sides, inner side, outer side, exposed side, inside, outside, center, between; c) the center of the combined wall (40), between the inner wall and the outer wall, between the retaining wall (41) and the concrete wall (42), between the retaining wall (41) and the main wall (42), between the retaining wall (41) and the concrete wall (42), between the slab and the protective material, between the slab and the soil layer; etc. In the present invention, the underground wall corresponds to an additional wall added to one of the combined wall or the underground continuous wall; a combined wall composed of one of the CIP or the underground continuous wall and the additional wall; etc. The above additional wall refers to an additional wall, an added wall, the main wall, a reinforced concrete wall, etc.

The waterproofing material of the present invention may be a waterproofing material, a waterproofing material, a bento mat, a bento sheet, a bentonite sheet, a bentonite mat, a bentonite sheet, a bentonite waterproofing material, a waterproofing material (25) having one side as a woven fabric and the other side as a nonwoven fabric, a waterproofing material (25) having one side as a woven fabric and the other side as a nonwoven fabric, a waterproofing material (25) composed of a woven fabric, bentonite, and a nonwoven fabric in that order, a waterproofing material (25) composed of a woven fabric and a nonwoven fabric and bentonite inserted therebetween, a waterproofing material (25) having one side as a sheet and the other side as a bentonite, a waterproofing material (25) composed of a sheet and bentonite attached thereto, etc.

The waterproofing material may be constructed or installed such that the woven fabric, woven fabric surface, nonwoven fabric, nonwoven fabric surface, sheet, sheet surface, bentonite, bentonite surface, etc. are directed toward the basement wall (41), the main body wall (42), the exposed surface (47), the combined wall (40), etc. In the above Example 1, in the waterproofing material (25) having one side as the woven fabric surface and the other side as the nonwoven fabric surface, and the combined wall (40) composed of the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42), the waterproofing material is constructed or installed such that the nonwoven fabric surface is directed toward the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric surface is directed toward the main body wall (42). In the above Example 2, the waterproofing material is constructed or installed such that the woven fabric surface of the above Example 1 is directed toward the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric surface is directed toward the main body wall (42). Example 3 is a waterproofing material (25) composed of woven fabric and nonwoven fabric and bentonite inserted therebetween, and a combined wall (40) composed of a basement wall (41) and a main body wall (42), wherein the waterproofing material is constructed or installed such that the nonwoven fabric faces the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric faces the main body wall (42). Here, the waterproofing material has a structure in which bentonite is inserted between the nonwoven fabric facing the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and the woven fabric facing the main body wall (42). Example 4 is a waterproofing material constructed or installed such that the woven fabric of Example 3 faces the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) or the basement wall (41) and the nonwoven fabric faces the main body wall (42). Here, the waterproofing material has a structure in which bentonite is inserted between a woven fabric facing the basement wall (41) or the exposed surface (47) of the basement wall (41) and a nonwoven fabric facing the main body wall (42).

According to Example 1 of the present invention, in waterproofing a basement wall (41), a temporary wall (41), or a combined wall (40), 1) a step of forming a wall, a wall, a basement wall, a continuous wall, etc., in a basement, underground, ground, etc. (75); the forming method includes: forming a wall or a grouting wall by boring underground and injecting a hardening agent or grouting; forming a wall or a DCM wall (deep cement mixing wall) by excavating underground and mixing ground and cement; forming a wall or a CIP wall by excavating underground and injecting a reinforcing bar mesh and concrete into the excavated portion; forming a wall or a slurry wall by injecting slurry while excavating underground and injecting reinforcing bar mesh and concrete after the excavation; 2) a step of excavating one side or the surrounding area of an underground wall formed underground; 3) a step of exposing one side of the underground wall by the excavation; 4) a step of cutting a protrusion protruding from the exposed surface (47), which is the exposed surface; The above protrusions include nails, pins, anchors, nails, bolts, rebar, rock bolts, pipes, form tie pins, etc. The above protrusions, nails, pins, anchors, nails, bolts, rebar, rock bolts, pipes, form tie pins, etc. are used for underground walls; their installation, construction, composition, formation, support, brace, and bearing; etc. The above form tie pins are pins that assemble, support, brace, brace, join, fix, fasten, join, tie, and bundle forms, forms, frames, panels, and formwork used for the construction of underground walls. In its simplest form, the pins are installed so that panels are spaced apart on both sides, and are installed by penetrating the panels on both sides to fix the panels on both sides. Rebar, concrete, etc. are injected into the inside of the panels on both sides to form a wall, underground wall, etc. Here, after the injected concrete has cured, the panels are dismantled, and the pins are left as they are. Here, pins or projections protruding outside of the basement wall are cut off, the exposed portion or tip portion where these are cut off is waterproofed (81) or finished (81), and a waterproofing material (25) is installed on the cut basement wall or on the upper portion of the waterproofing or finished wall.

5) a step of surrounding the cut protrusion with bentonite paste, bentonite sealant (50), or bentomastic (50) (81); 6) a step of observing the joint portion (46) of the exposed surface (41); 7) a step of filling a gap, crack, space, slot, joint, or a gap or crack of 2 cm or more formed in the joint portion (46) with mortar, bentonite paste, bentonite sealant (50), or bentomastic (50); 8) a step of filling the gap, crack, space, slot, joint, or a gap or crack of 2 cm or more with mortar, bentonite paste, bentonite sealant (50), or bentomastic (50) to make the joint portion smooth; 9) a step of smoothing out the curves and unevenness of the exposed surface; 10) a step of installing plywood on the curved and uneven portions that cannot be smoothed out; 11) a step of filling mortar in the space between the portion and the plywood; 12) a step of filling the space between the portion and the plywood with mortar to fill the space between the portion and the plywood; 13) a step of installing a drainage plate on the portion where water flows out from the exposed surface; 14) a step of connecting the lower end of the drainage plate to a water channel, a channel, an open channel, a catch basin, a sump, a trench, a drain, a drain, a drain, a drain, etc.; 15) a step of installing a membrane, a cloth, a film, vinyl, a vinyl film, a waterproofing cloth, a PE film, a membrane, etc. on the wet portion of the exposed surface; 16) a step of placing or installing a waterproofing material having one side as a woven fabric side and the other side as a nonwoven fabric side so that the woven fabric side or the nonwoven fabric side faces the exposed surface; Or, a step in which a waterproofing material is constructed or installed so that the woven fabric, woven fabric surface, nonwoven fabric, nonwoven fabric surface, sheet, sheet surface, bentonite, bentonite surface, etc. are directed toward a basement wall (41), main body wall (42), exposed surface (47), joint wall (40), etc.;

17) A step in which two rolls or two or more waterproofing materials having a certain length and width are installed, a step in which two rolls or two or more waterproofing materials having a certain length and width are installed adjacently, a step in which two rolls or two or more waterproofing materials having a certain length and width are installed overlapping or overlapping by a certain width, a step in which another waterproofing material is installed adjacent to a previously installed waterproofing material; a step in which the next waterproofing material is installed adjacent to a previously installed waterproofing material; a step in which the next waterproofing material is installed adjacent to a previously installed waterproofing material with a certain joint width; a step in which another waterproofing material is installed adjacent to a previously installed waterproofing material by overlapping or overlapping by a certain width; a step in which another waterproofing material is installed adjacent to a previously installed waterproofing material by overlapping or overlapping by 10 to 30 cm; a step in which the installation of the next waterproofing material by overlapping or overlapping by 10 to 30 cm is repeated twice or more; 18) A step of laying or installing clay, bond, resin, polymer, SAP, polyacrylate, nails, pins, adhesives, adhesives, sealants, bentonite, bentonite powder, bentonite powder, bentonite particles, bentonite dough, bentonite dough, bentoseal, bentomastic, bentonite sealants, tapes, seal straps, seal tapes, etc., within the above 10 to 30 cm, overlap, overlapping, overlapping, joints; or between the inside, inside, outside, overlap, overlap, overlapping, joints, between overlaps, inside overlaps, between overlaps, joints; etc.; 19) A step of driving nails or pins at regular intervals into the above waterproofing material, the installed waterproofing material, 10 to joints, etc.

20) a step of generating friction and adhesive force between the woven fabric surface or non-woven fabric surface and the exposed surface by the mounting or installation; or a step of generating friction and adhesive force between the woven fabric, bentonite surface, etc. and the exposed surface; 21) a step of fixing the mounted waterproofing material to the exposed surface with a nail or pin; 22) a step of inserting a nail or pin through the mounted waterproofing material to the exposed surface for the fixing; a step of driving the mounted waterproofing material into a nail or pin and fixing it to the exposed surface; a step of inserting a nail or pin through the mounted waterproofing material to the exposed surface by a tacking hammer or a nailing machine so that the waterproofing material is fixed to the exposed surface; 23) a step of installing a finishing strip on the upper end of the fixed waterproofing material; 24) a step of inserting a nail or pin through the exposed surface and the waterproofing material for the fixing of the finishing strip; 25) a step of fixing the upper end of the waterproofing material to the exposed surface by the installed finishing strip; 26) a step where a compressive force is applied in the direction of the underground wall by the finishing member; 27) a step where the waterproofing material on which the finishing member is installed or a certain portion of the waterproofing material is compressed against the underground wall or the exposed surface by the compressive force; 28) a step where the waterproofing material is attached to the underground wall or the exposed surface by the nails or pins, frictional force, the finishing member, or compressive force; 29) a step where an adhesive force is generated between the waterproofing material and the underground wall or the exposed surface by the attachment; 30) a step where the waterproofing material or the weight of the waterproofing material is supported by the nails or pins, frictional force, the finishing member, compressive force, adhesive force, etc.

31) a step of arranging reinforcing bars spaced apart from the waterproofing material; 32) a step of installing a formwork spaced apart from the waterproofing material or the reinforcing bars; 33) a step of pouring concrete into the formwork or inside the formwork; 34) a step of curing the poured concrete; 35) a step of dismantling the formwork after the curing; 36) a step of forming a concrete wall by the dismantling; 37) a step of forming a combined wall by the basement wall and the concrete wall; 38) a step of leaving the waterproofing material between the basement wall and the concrete wall or inside the combined wall; 39) a step of allowing the waterproofing material to waterproof the basement wall, the concrete wall, and the combined wall by the leaving; 40) And a step where water flows in through underground, ground, groundwater, underground walls, concrete walls, cracks or gaps in underground walls, cracks or gaps in concrete walls, joint walls, cracks or gaps in joint walls, woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, woven fabric surfaces, nonwoven fabric surfaces, etc., and the waterproofing material comes into contact with water, moisture, humidity, moisture, etc.; 41) a step where bentonite included in the waterproofing material is hydrated or undergoes a hydration reaction due to the contacted water, moisture, humidity, moisture, etc., and expands, swells, expands 15 times, expands 20 times, expands 10 to 20 times, etc.; 42) a step where a bentonite gel is formed by the hydration or hydration reaction; 43) a step where the waterproofing material self-adheses or attaches itself to the underground wall and concrete wall by the bentonite gel; 44) A step in which expansion pressure or swelling pressure is generated between the basement wall and the concrete wall due to the expansion or swelling; 45) A step in which a bentonite waterproofing layer having a predetermined pressure, a pressure of 10 ^-10 ∼10 kg/cm ² , an expansion pressure, a 15-fold expansion pressure, a 20-fold expansion pressure, a 10-20-fold expansion pressure, etc. is formed due to the hydration, expansion, expansion pressure, swelling pressure, etc.; 46) A step in which a waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer; 47) A step in which the waterproofing material is further compressed or closely adhered to the basement wall and the concrete wall due to the expansion or expansion pressure or pressure than when it was installed or attached; 48) A step in which no gap, gap, space, separation, lifting, lifting phenomenon, etc. occurs between the basement wall, concrete wall, exposed surface, base surface, base surface of the basement wall, base surface of the concrete wall, exposed surface of the basement wall, exposed surface of the concrete wall, etc. and the waterproofing material due to the expansion, expansion pressure, pressure, compression, adhesion, etc. is included; etc.

According to Example 2 of the present invention, auxiliary materials are used for waterproofing a basement wall, a temporary wall, or a composite wall, including the steps described above or including steps 1) to 48). a) The auxiliary materials include granular bentonite, bentonite sealant, finishing tape, fixing nails, tacker pins, setting pins, protective materials, etc. b) The granular bentonite is sprayed on the joints between the waterproofing materials during the installation of the waterproofing material, or mixed with water and filled in cracks or uneven portions of the exposed surface, c) The bentonite sealant is a mixture of bentonite and an additive or bentomastic and is filled in gaps, holes, cracks, voids, gaps, joints, penetrations, penetrations through which an anchor penetrates, penetrations through which a form tie pin penetrates, penetrations through which a protrusion penetrates, through-holes, pipe through-holes, cracks, etc. of the underground wall or the exposed surface, d) The finishing band is installed so as to be fixed with a nail or pin to the upper end or end of the waterproofing material, e) The fixing nail is a concrete nail of 25 mm or longer that penetrates the waterproofing material and is inserted into the exposed surface to fix the waterproofing material to the exposed surface, and f) The taka pin is a concrete pin of 25 mm or longer that penetrates the waterproofing material and is inserted into the exposed surface. The waterproofing material is fixed on the exposed surface, g) the protective material is a protective material, protective plate, resin plate, plastic plate, etc., having a thickness of 5 to 10 mm attached to the waterproofing material or its surface for the protection of the waterproofing material, h) the waterproofing material is a bentonite mat waterproofing material in which granular natural sodium bentonite is evenly spread between woven fabric and nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene, and the woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric are integrated by sewing so that the bentonite is fixed so as not to move or be lost between the woven fabric and the nonwoven fabric, i) a swelling index test of bentonite included in the waterproofing material is performed, j) a weight per unit area, a coefficient of permeability, a tensile strength, a tensile elongation, a puncture strength, and a fiber layer separation strength test are performed on the waterproofing material, k) the swelling index of the bentonite is 24 mℓ/2g or more, ℓ) the weight per unit area of the waterproofing material is 4,800 g/m ² or more, m) the permeability coefficient of the waterproofing material is e×10 ^-9 cm/sec or less or e×10 ^-9∼12 cm/sec, n) the e is a constant, a number, a numerical value, 1.0∼9.9, etc., o) the tensile strength of the waterproofing material is 400 N or more, p) the tensile elongation of the waterproofing material is 10% or more, q) the puncture strength of the waterproofing material is 445 N or more, r) the fiber layer separation strength of the waterproofing material is 66 N/m or more, s) an inspection is conducted after the construction or installation of the waterproofing material, and t) the objects of the inspection include the construction status of the waterproofing material, the construction status of the waterproofing material at corners, the construction status of the waterproofing material at corners, the joint position of the waterproofing material, the joint width of the waterproofing material, the joint status of the waterproofing material, the fixing status of the waterproofing material, whether the waterproofing material is damaged, whether the waterproofing material is damaged, whether the waterproofing material is bent, These include the finishing status of the waterproofing material, the end treatment status of the waterproofing material, the construction status of the finishing part of the waterproofing material, the construction status of the vulnerable points of the waterproofing material, the connection status of the penetrating body and the waterproofing material, the protection status of the waterproofing material, and the installation status of the protective material laid on the waterproofing material.

The above bentomastic (50, BentoMastic) is a sealing material that satisfies at least one of a) specific gravity of 1.1 to 1.3, color brown, swelling ratio of 200% or more, bentonite content of 55 wt% or more, and packaging container volume of 18 liters; b) or a sealing material containing the dust-collecting bentonite (9); a sealing material in which the dust-collecting bentonite (9) and adhesive (51) are mixed; a sealing material in which the dust-collecting bentonite (9) and rubber bond (51) are mixed; c) a sealing material used to treat or fill a waterproofing target surface on which the waterproofing material is to be installed before installation of the waterproofing material (16, 23, 15); d) The sealing material used to fill one or more of the holes (44), holes (44), unevenness (43), recesses (43), concave portions (43), broken portions (43), penetration portions (44), and pipes (44) of the target surface; e) The sealing material applied to the joints of the waterproofing material or the inside thereof after laying the waterproofing material; etc. (50) are applicable.

The above seal strap (60, SealStrap) is a) a tape or adhesive tape having a width of 8 to 15 cm, a thickness of 1 to 10 mm, and a length of 10 to 50 m/roll; b) a tape, a joint material, a roll tape (61), an adhesive tape, a roll tape having a predetermined width, an adhesive tape having a predetermined width and length and rolled in a roll form (61), which is attached by removing a release liner (64) attached thereto; c) a tape or adhesive tape including an adhesive layer (63) made of an adhesive having adhesive properties or an adhesive layer (63) made of a fluid adhesive of a resin-based or rubber-based material, a protective layer (62) made of one of a resin sheet, a PVC sheet, and an HDPE sheet attached to one surface of the adhesive layer to protect the adhesive layer, and a release liner (64) attached to the other surface opposite the one surface but detachable during use. d) the tape or adhesive tape in which the adhesive layer (63) is a polymer formed by mixing, heating, and polymerizing an acrylic resin monomer and a solvent; e) the tape or adhesive tape attached to a joint (26) of the waterproofing material or the outside (27) thereof after laying the waterproofing material; f) the tape or adhesive tape attached so that the center (29) of the width is positioned at a joint line (29) formed at the joint (26); etc. (60) are applicable.

The above-described bentoseal (70) comprises: a) a sealant having a width of 20 to 30 mm, a thickness of 10 to 20 mm, and a length of 5 to 10 m/roll; b) a sealant having bentonite (73) mixed with an adhesive between two layers of mesh (72); c) a sealant having bentonite (73) whose particle groups are integrated by an adhesive between two layers of mesh (72); d) a sealant having bentonite (73) whose particles are integrated by mixing particulate bentonite with an adhesive between two layers of mesh (72); e) the sealant using bentonite having a particle size of sieve number #10 to 40 for classifying particle sizes; f) the sealant wound in a roll form (71); g) the sealant having a rectangular cross section while having a constant length; h) The above-mentioned index material packed with 10 rolls (71) in one box; i) The above-mentioned index material that the bentonite (73) satisfies a specific gravity of 2.4 to 2.8 and a swelling degree of 24 to 30 mℓ/2g; j) The index material inserted into the joint part (46) of one of the objects (40, 41, 42) having the above-mentioned waterproofing target surface when constructing the object; a concrete sphere (42) among these, a main body wall (42) installed on the side or inside of a retaining wall (41); or the index material inserted for the index of the joint part (46) which is a connecting part of concrete poured for the composition of the object during the above-mentioned construction; etc. (70) are applicable.

The above-mentioned underground wall is a) a combined wall, a combined wall, CIP, CIP wall, underground wall, ground wall, underground wall, temporary wall, earth retaining wall, underground wall body, underground wall body, combined wall, underground combined wall, underground combined wall, soil retaining wall, temporary wall, temporary underground soil retaining wall, underground continuous wall, underground temporary wall, underground temporary wall, slurry wall, cement slurry wall, bentonite slurry wall, diaphragm wall, H-pile wall, grouting wall, sheet pile wall, underground stirred wall, underground injection wall, sintered wall, sintered cast-in-place column, sintered cast-in-place column wall, sintered wall formed by a column group of two or more columns, SCW (soil cement wall), DCM (deep cement mixing), DCM wall, retaining wall, underground retaining wall, wall formed in the ground, wall formed underground, The following are applicable: a) a wall formed in the ground, a wall in which a hardening agent is injected into the ground, a wall in which a grouting agent is injected into the ground, a wall composed of H-piles and earth retaining plates, a earth retaining wall composed of H-piles and earth retaining plates, an H-pile wall composed of H-piles and earth retaining plates, the above-mentioned combined wall or underground continuous wall; b) a wall, wall body, wall, underground continuous wall formed by injecting mortar, gravel, crushed stone, aggregate, mortar, cement, ready-mixed concrete, filler, filling material, bentonite, concrete, hardening agent, grouting agent, beam, pipe, steel pipe, reinforcing bar, steel frame, H-beam, reinforcing bar mesh, reinforcing material, H-piles, reinforcing bar cage, etc. into the ground; c) a composite wall in which two or more of the above-mentioned combined walls or underground continuous walls are combined; etc.

The above-mentioned combined walls include: a) a combined wall, a combined wall, a buttress, a double wall, two walls, a basement wall, a composite wall, two combined walls, a wall or a combined wall composed of a first wall and a main wall, a wall or a combined wall composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, a wall or a combined wall composed of an outer wall and an inner wall, a wall or a combined wall composed of a basement wall and a main wall, a wall or a combined wall composed of a temporary wall and a main wall, a wall or a combined wall composed of a retaining wall and a main wall; b) a main wall, inner wall, outer wall, main wall, concrete wall, double wall, additional wall, additive wall, composite wall, concrete wall, reinforced concrete wall installed in close contact with the CIP or underground continuous wall, etc.; c) a combined wall or double wall composed of the CIP or underground continuous wall, etc. and the main wall or reinforced concrete wall, etc. The combined wall, basement wall, underground combined wall, and underground combined wall of the present invention may also be a retaining wall + main wall, a temporary wall + main wall, a basement wall + main wall, a retaining wall + additional wall, a temporary wall + additional wall, a basement wall + additional wall, a retaining wall + additional main wall, a temporary wall + additional main wall, a basement wall + additional main wall, a retaining wall + waterproofing material + main wall, a temporary wall + waterproofing material + main wall, a basement wall + waterproofing material + main wall, a retaining wall + waterproofing material + additional wall, a temporary wall + waterproofing material + additional wall, a basement wall + waterproofing material + additional wall, a retaining wall + waterproofing material + additional main wall, a temporary wall + waterproofing material + additional main wall, a basement wall + waterproofing material + additional main wall, and the like.

The above CIP includes CIP, CIP wall, CIP column, CIP pile, basement wall, basement continuous wall, cast-in-place wall, constructed-in-place wall, basement column, basement pile, CIP basement wall, cast-in-place column, cast-in-place pile, basement column wall, basement pile wall, cast-in-place column wall, cast-in-place pile wall, in-place concrete pile, in-situ concrete pile, in-situ reinforced concrete pile, in-situ reinforced concrete pile, basement wall made of CIP column, basement wall formed with two or more CIP columns, CIP wall formed with two or more CIP columns, cast in place pile, cast-in place pile, cast-in-place pile, cast-in-place pile wall, wall formed with two or more cast-in-place piles, etc. An example of CIP is a method of forming a retaining wall by excavating or boring the ground with an auger, inserting H-beams or rebar mesh, and then pouring concrete. The above CIP wall is a wall composed of CIP or CIP piles.

The above-mentioned retaining walls include earth retaining walls, earth retaining walls, retaining walls, walls that support soil, walls for supporting the sides of cut and fill, thumb pile walls, walls composed of H-pile + earth retaining plates, etc. This is a construction method in which holes are drilled at intervals of 1 to 2 m using drilling equipment such as an Auger or T-4, H-piles are inserted to form thumb piles, and earth retaining plates are installed between the thumb piles during the excavation stage to create a wall or earth retaining wall. The earth retaining plates include wooden earth retaining plates, steel earth retaining plates, and earth retaining wall concrete. The advantages of these are that the groundwater level naturally decreases as excavation progresses, so there is no water pressure applied, the air is short, thumb piles can be reused, they are more economical than sheet piles, and if the thumb piles are bored and then installed, there is less noise and vibration. The disadvantages of this are that there is a high possibility of soil runoff due to resistance of the lower water level, so a separate water barrier is necessary; if the stratum is soft and cannot support itself until the retaining plate is installed after excavation, it is difficult to apply; if the ground is prone to heaving or boiling at the excavation bottom, this must be considered when applying; if the retaining plate and the excavation surface are not installed in close contact, ground deformation may occur.

The present invention and claims are further explained using the following drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing waterproofing of a basement wall according to the present invention. Fig. 1 (a) is a waterproofing of a retaining wall (40), including an H-pile (90) inserted into a boring hole or installed in the ground (75) by driving, a retaining plate (91) installed or sandwiched between H-piles exposed while excavating the ground (75), a retaining wall (41) composed of a pile (90) or an H-pile (90) and a retaining plate (91), an exposed surface (47) of the retaining wall, a waterproofing material (25) installed thereon, a waterproofing material (25) installed 15 cm or more above the slab of a foundation or mat, an anchor exposed to the outside of the retaining wall or a treatment part (81) for treating the head thereof, cutting an anchor (120) exposed to the outside of the retaining wall and surrounding it with bentomastic (81) or waterproofing it (81), a main wall (42) formed on the side, outer surface or exposed part of the retaining wall (41) or the waterproofing material (25), or It shows a concrete wall (42) or a cast-in-place concrete wall, a combined wall (40) composed of a retaining wall (41) and a main wall (42) or a combined wall (40), a waterproofing material (25) installed between the retaining wall and the main wall (49) or inside (49) of the combined wall, etc. The joint width or junction width of the waterproofing material is 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 10∼30 cm, etc., and the joint is fixed to the base surface by driving nails, pins, or tack pins at intervals of 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 10∼30 cm, etc. The upper end of the waterproofing material is folded over the upper end of the basement wall, concrete wall, combined wall, etc. to hang over the upper end of the basement wall, concrete wall, combined wall, etc., and the waterproofing material is fixed to the upper end with nails or pins, if necessary. If the gap between the above-mentioned soil plate (91) and the soil plate (91), the soil plate (91) and the H-pile (90), and the soil plate (91) and the ground (75) is 2 cm or more, the gap is filled, filled, injected, filled with a filler, filled with a filler, grouted, injected, filled with plywood, filled with plywood, grouted, filled with a grouting material, etc.

Fig. 1 (b) is a waterproofing of a CIP wall, comprising: an H-pile (90) or a reinforcing mesh inserted into a boring hole formed by excavating the ground (75) with an auger; mortar or concrete (92) injected or poured into the boring hole through a hose or a tremie pipe (102); a column or CIP column (94) composed of an H-pile (90) and concrete (92); a CIP wall (41) formed by two or more columns or CIP columns (94) or a siding wall or a wall in which columns form a row; an exposed surface (47) of a wall or CIP wall; a curved surface (47) of a wall or CIP wall or a column curved surface (47); a plywood (82) installed on the curved surface (47); sand or mortar or cement or concrete injected or filled or compacted into the space between the curved surface (47) and the plywood (82); and a material installed on the exposed surface (47) or the curved surface (47) or the plywood (82). It shows a waterproofing material (25), a waterproofing material (25) installed 15 cm or more above the slab of a foundation or mat, a treatment section (81) in which an anchor or its head exposed to the outside of a CIP wall is treated, cutting an anchor exposed to the outside of a CIP wall and surrounding it with bentomastic (81), a main body wall (42) or a concrete wall (42) formed on the side or outer surface or exposed part of a CIP wall (41) or a waterproofing material (25), a combined wall (40) composed of a CIP wall (41) and a main body wall (42) or a CIP combined wall (40), a waterproofing material (25) installed between a CIP wall and a main body wall (49) or inside (49) of a combined wall, etc. If a gap or space is formed on the back surface or ground surface or non-excavated surface of the above H-pile, soil retaining plate, column, soil retaining wall, soil retaining wall, CIP, CIP wall, CIP composite wall, etc., grouting can be performed to fill the gap or space.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing waterproofing of walls and floors according to the present invention. Fig. 2 (a) is a waterproofing of a wall (40, 41, 42), including a wall (40, 41, 42), a bentonite seal (70) or a bentonite seal index material (70) installed at a construction joint or a concrete joint during construction thereof, filling or reinforcing treatment (85) of a corner or edge where the wall and the floor meet or where the wall and the wall meet, wherein the filling or reinforcing treatment (85) includes bentonite granule spreading or bentomastic application or triangular band installation, a waterproofing material (25) installed on the wall or its surface or base surface, a joint or junction (26) thereof, bentonite granules or tape (60) or seal strap (60) placed thereon, a finishing band (83) installed at the end of the waterproofing material (25), nails or pins driven therein, a finishing band (83) fixed to the base surface by nails or pins, and a waterproofing material and its top surface fixed to the base surface by nails or pins. It shows a finishing strip (83) fixed to the base surface, backfill soil (76) backfilled to the wall (40, 41, 42), a soil layer, a backfill layer, a vegetation zone (76), a vegetation zone layer (76), etc. The waterproofing material, the exposed surface thereof, the space between the waterproofing material (25) and the backfill soil (76) or the soil layer (76), etc., a protective material, a protective plate, an expansion foam, an expansion material, a cushioning material, an insulating material, an insulating foam, Styrofoam, etc. (56) can be installed.

Fig. 2 (b) shows waterproofing of floors, building floors, structure floors, basement floors, parking lot floors, subway floors, etc. (57), including ground preparation, soil compaction or ground compaction, discarded concrete (45), waterproofing material (25), protective material or protective mortar (58), benthoseal (70) or benthoseal index material (70), foundation concrete or floor slab (57), and reinforcing bars (95) inserted therein. The above floor slab (57) becomes a floor slab of a building, bridge, apartment, structure, basement, parking lot, subway, etc.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing CIP construction and waterproofing according to the present invention. In Fig. 3, a is to form an excavation hole or boring hole (101) by excavating or boring the ground (75) using an auger or excavator (100), b is to insert a reinforcing mesh, wire mesh, reinforcing cage, etc. (93) into the boring hole (101), c is to insert a beam, steel frame, pile, H-beam, H-piled pile, etc. (93) into the boring hole (101), d is to insert mortar, cement, ready-mixed concrete, injection material, filler, cementing agent, hardening agent, concrete, etc. (92) into the boring hole (101) using manpower, pipes, hoses, casting machines, casting pipes, conveying pipes, tremie pipes, etc. (92), and e is to form a pillar (94) formed underground by the materials (92, 93) inserted into the boring hole (101), an underground wall (41) formed by two or more of them, and a column (94) installed on the surface, exposed surface, or excavated surface thereof. A waterproofing material (25), a joint (26) thereof, a tie or finishing tie (83) installed at the top or end of the waterproofing material (25), a main body wall (42) installed on the side of the basement wall (41) or the waterproofing material (25), a combined wall (40) composed of the basement wall (41) and the main body wall (42), a combined wall (40) composed of the basement wall (41), the waterproofing material (25), and the main body wall (42) are illustrated.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a CIP wall and a CIP joint wall and waterproofing thereof according to the present invention. It shows an H beam (93), a reinforcing bar mesh (93), concrete (92), reinforcing bars (95) forming the reinforcing bar mesh (93) and wires (96) surrounding the reinforcing bar mesh at least twice along its length, a column (94) formed of these, an underground wall (41) formed of two or more of these, plywood (82) installed thereon, a waterproofing material (25) installed on the underground wall (41) or the plywood (82), a main wall (42) or concrete wall (42) added to the underground wall (41) or the waterproofing material (25), a formwork or mold (97) used in the construction of the main wall (42), a joint wall (40) formed of the underground wall (41) and the main wall (42), a joint wall (40) formed of the underground wall (41), the waterproofing material (25), and the main wall (42). FIG. 4 a is to place plywood (82) on a basement wall or CIP wall (41), fill the space between the basement wall or CIP wall and the plywood with sand, soil, mortar, cement, concrete, etc., and construct a waterproofing material (25) on the surface of the plywood (83). b is to construct a waterproofing material (25) along the curved surface or circular surface of the basement wall or CIP wall (41). c is to place plywood (83) on a main-column basement wall (41) formed by a continuous combination of one CIP column made of an H-beam and concrete and three CIP columns made of a steel mesh and concrete, fill the inside of the plywood (83) with sand, etc., and construct a waterproofing material (25) on the exposed surface of the plywood (83). d shows a basement wall or CIP wall (41) of a column type, a waterproofing material (25) installed on one side thereof, a main body wall (42) or concrete wall (42) installed on the other side of the waterproofing material (25), a formwork or mold (97) used during the pouring of concrete and dismantled or removed after the curing of the concrete, a combined wall (40) formed by the basement wall and the main body wall, etc. The main body wall (42) or concrete wall (42) is used in basements, subways, parking lots, underground spaces, underground facilities, underground parking lots, etc.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a CIP wall and its waterproofing according to the present invention. It shows a CIP or column (94) installed underground, a main wall or CIP wall (41) composed of two or more of them, a belt (110) installed in contact therewith, a support (112) supporting the belt (110), a brace (11) installed between spaced belts (110) and belts (110) or between spaced CIP walls (41) and CIP walls (41), an exposed surface (47) of the CIP wall (41), and a waterproofing material installed on the CIP wall (41) or the exposed surface (47), etc. The belt (110) is a beam, an H-beam, an I-beam, a steel frame, a section steel, a wale, etc., and is used to reinforce the underground wall or CIP wall (41) so that it does not fall over. The above-mentioned support (11) is a bar, a steel pipe, a beam, an H-beam, an I-beam, a steel frame, a profile steel, a strut, etc., and it supports between belts (110) and belts (110) or between spaced CIP walls (41) and CIP walls (41). A main body wall (42) or a concrete wall (42) can be installed on the CIP wall (41) or the waterproofing material (25), thereby forming a combined wall (40), etc.

The terms, words, idioms, phrases, phrases, words, phrases, letters, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, descriptions, explanations, expressions, notations, drawings, pictures, contents, claim contents, etc. described or explained above may be included in the contents, claims, claims scope, etc. of the present invention. The above is about some of the contents, claims, examples, etc. that can be implemented by the present invention, and as is well known, the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted as limited to the above contents, claims, examples, etc., and the technical details of the present invention described above and the technical details that are fundamental to the present invention are all included in the scope of the present invention.

25: Waterproofing material 40: Joint wall 41: Basement wall, water-proof wall, earth-retaining wall, temporary wall
42: Main wall, main body wall, concrete wall, facility wall, underground structure wall, underground parking lot wall
75 : Ground, underground

Claims (8)

A method for waterproofing a joint wall, which is composed of a basement wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the basement wall, and in which a waterproofing material composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall and the main wall,
A waterproofing method characterized in that, when installing the waterproofing material, the nonwoven fabric faces toward the basement wall and the woven fabric faces toward the main body wall, or the woven fabric faces toward the basement wall and the nonwoven fabric faces toward the main body wall.
A waterproofing material composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and non-woven fabric in that order, installed between the basement wall and the main wall in a joint wall composed of a basement wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the basement wall,
A waterproofing material characterized in that, during the above installation, the nonwoven fabric faces the underground wall and the woven fabric faces the main body wall, or the woven fabric faces the underground wall and the nonwoven fabric faces the main body wall.
As a method of waterproofing a joint wall,
In a joint wall consisting of a basement wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the basement wall, a waterproofing material composed of woven fabric, bentonite, and nonwoven fabric in that order is installed between the basement wall and the main wall.
When installing the above waterproofing material, the nonwoven fabric is directed toward the basement wall and the woven fabric is directed toward the main body wall, or the woven fabric is directed toward the basement wall and the nonwoven fabric is directed toward the main body wall.
A waterproofing method characterized in that when water comes into contact with the waterproofing material, the bentonite is hydrated and the waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material.
As a method of waterproofing a joint wall,
In a combined wall consisting of a basement wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the basement wall, a waterproofing material is installed between the basement wall and the main wall.
When water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material,
The bentonite contained in the waterproofing material is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water,
A bentonite gel is formed by the above hydration,
A bentonite waterproof layer is formed by the above hydration or expansion,
A waterproofing method characterized in that the waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.
As a method of waterproofing a joint wall,
The above-mentioned wall is composed of a basement wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the basement wall.
Waterproofing material is installed between the above-mentioned basement wall and the main body wall.
When water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material,
The bentonite contained in the waterproofing material is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water,
A bentonite gel is formed by the above hydration,
The waterproofing material is attached to the basement wall and the main body wall by the bentonite gel.
Due to the above expansion, expansion pressure is generated between the basement wall and the main body wall,
A bentonite waterproof layer is formed by the above hydration or expansion or expansion pressure,
A waterproofing method characterized in that the waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.
As a method of waterproofing a joint wall,
Steps to construct a wall underground:
A stage in which one side of the underground wall constructed underground is excavated;
A step in which one side of the underground wall is exposed by the above excavation;
A step in which the exposed surface, which is the exposed surface, is cleaned;
A step of installing a waterproofing material on the above exposed surface;
A step of installing a formwork spaced apart from the above waterproofing material;
A step of pouring concrete into or inside the formwork;
The stage in which the above poured concrete is cured;
A step in which the mold is dismantled after the above curing;
The step of dismantling the above and forming a main body wall using the above concrete;
A step in which a joint wall is formed by the above-mentioned basement wall and main body wall;
A step in which the waterproofing material is maintained between the basement wall and the main wall by the composition of the above-mentioned wall;
A step in which water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material;
A step in which the bentonite contained in the waterproofing material is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water;
A step in which a bentonite gel is formed by the above hydration;
A step in which the waterproofing material is self-adhered to the basement wall and the main body wall by the bentonite gel;
A step in which a bentonite waterproofing layer is formed by the above hydration or expansion;
A waterproofing method characterized by including a step in which the waterproofing function is developed in the waterproofing material by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer;
As a waterproofing material for waterproofing joint walls,
The above waterproofing material is installed between the underground wall and the main wall in the combined wall, which is composed of an underground wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the underground wall.
When water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material,
The bentonite contained in the waterproofing material is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water,
A bentonite gel is formed by the above hydration,
A bentonite waterproof layer is formed by the above hydration or expansion,
A waterproofing material characterized in that the waterproofing function is expressed in the waterproofing material by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.
As a waterproofing material for waterproofing joint walls,
The above waterproofing material is installed between the underground wall and the main wall in the combined wall, which is composed of an underground wall constructed underground and a main wall constructed on one side of the underground wall.
When water comes into contact with the above waterproofing material,
The bentonite contained in the waterproofing material is hydrated and expanded by the contacted water,
A bentonite gel is formed by the above hydration,
A bentonite waterproof layer is formed by the above hydration or expansion,
The waterproofing function of the waterproofing material is realized by the bentonite gel or bentonite waterproofing layer.
The swelling index of the above bentonite is 24 mℓ/2g or more,
The weight per unit area of the above waterproofing material is 4,800 g/m2 or ^more ,
The permeability coefficient of the above waterproofing material is e×10 ^-9 cm/sec or less,
The above e is 1.0∼9.9,
The tensile strength of the above waterproofing material is 400N or more,
The tensile elongation of the above waterproofing material is 10% or more,
The puncture strength of the above waterproofing material is 445N or more,
Waterproofing material characterized in that the fiber layer separation strength of the above waterproofing material is 66 N/m or more