KR20190090323A - 보일-오프 가스(bog)를 재액화 하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 - Google Patents
보일-오프 가스(bog)를 재액화 하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
- F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
- F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
- F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/12—Refinery or petrochemical off-gas
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템의 개략도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 다른 실시형태에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템의 개략도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 다른 실시형태에 따른 BOG 재액화 시스템의 개략도이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시형태에 따른 연료 가스 트림 히터와 압축기 후 냉각수의 결합의 상세를 도시하는 개략도이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 BOG 재액화 공정을 도시하는 흐름도이다.
Claims (8)
- 보일-오프 가스(BOG) 재액화 시스템으로서, 상기 시스템은
탱크 내 연료 펌프(in-tank fuel pump)(1);
LNG 저장 탱크(2);
열 교환기(3);
다단 압축기(4);
압축기 후 냉각기(compressor after cooler)(5);
팽창 밸브(6); 및
LNG 플래시 드럼(7);을 포함하고,
상기 탱크 내 연료 펌프(1)는 상기 LNG 저장 탱크(2)로부터 LNG를 끌어당기기 위해 상기 LNG 저장 탱크(2) 내에 위치하고;
상기 열 교환기(3)는 상기 탱크 내 연료 펌프(1)로부터 상기 LNG를 받아들이기 위해 상기 탱크 내 연료 펌프와 유동적으로 결합되고(fluidly coupled), 상기 저장 탱크(2)로부터 BOG를 받아들이기 위해 상기 저장 탱크(2)와 유동적으로 결합되며; 상기 LNG는 기화되고, 기화된 LNG 및 BOG는 냉각원(cold sources)을 공급하여, 냉각 에너지 회복된 BOG를 생성하고;
상기 다단 압축기(4)의 주입구는 상기 열 교환기(3)와 결합되어 상기 냉각 에너지 회복된 BOG를 받아들이고, 상기 다단 압축기(4)의 배출구와 상기 압축 후 냉각기(5)의 주입구가 연결되고; 상기 냉각 에너지 회복된 BOG는 압축되고; 상기 압축기 후 냉각기(5)는 압축된 BOG로부터 열을 제거하고;
상기 압축기 후 냉각기(5)의 배출구는 상기 열 교환기(3)와 결합되고; 상기 압축기 후 냉각기(5)는 20 ℃ 내지 45 ℃ 범위의 온도에서 상기 열 교환기(3)로 압축된 그리고 냉각 후의 BOG를 방출하고;
상기 열 교환기 내부에서, 상기 압축된 그리고 냉각 후의 BOG는 기화된 LNG 및 BOG로부터 냉각원에 의해 더 냉각되고;
상기 팽창 밸브(6)의 주입구는 극저온으로 냉각 압축된 BOG를 받아들이기 위해 상기 열 교환기(3)와 결합되고;
상기 팽창 밸브(6)의 배출구는 상기 플래시 드럼(7)과 결합되고; 상기 냉각 압축된 BOG는 상기 팽창 밸브(6)를 통해 팽창되어, 대기압에 가깝도록 팽창된 BOG를 생성하고;
상기 플래시 드럼(7)은 팽창된 BOG를 받아들이고, LNG 및 플래시 가스를 상기 LNG 저장 탱크(2)로 회수되도록 되돌려보내는, 보일-오프 가스(BOG) 재액화 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 BOG는 30 내지 300barg 범위의 압력까지 다단 압축기(4)에서 압축되는 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 얻어진 냉각 압축된 BOG는 열 교환기를 -130 ℃ 내지 -155 ℃의 범위, 바람직하게 약 -150 ℃의 온도에서 떠나는 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
LNG 부스터 펌프(18)를 더 포함하는데,
상기 LNG 부스터 펌프(18)는 상기 LNG 저장 탱크(2)와 상기 열 교환기(3) 사이에 위치하여, 고압력 연료 가스를 공급하도록 LNG의 압력을 증가시키는 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
추가 기화기(20)를 더 포함하고, 상기 기화기(20)는 상기 열 교환기(3)의 하류에 위치하는 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 압축기 후 냉각기(5)로부터의 방출 냉각 매질이 상기 기화기(20)를 가열하기 위해 사용되는 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 팽창 밸브(6)는 줄-톰슨(JT) 밸브인 것인, BOG 재액화 시스템.
- LNG 저장 탱크로부터 냉각 보일-오프 가스(BOG)를 제공(510)하는 단계로, 상기 냉각 BOG는 대기압 및 -160 ℃에 가까운 것인, 단계;
열 교환기를 통해 냉각 LNG 및 냉각 BOG를 지나가게 함으로써 냉각원을 공급(520)하는 단계로, 상기 냉각 LNG는 상기 LNG 저장 탱크로부터 공급되고, 대기압 및 160 ℃와 근접하고; 상기 냉각 BOG는 실온까지 상기 열 교환기에서 가열되고, 상기 LNG는 이 공정에서 기화되는, 단계;
상기 열 교환기로부터 가열된 BOG를 30 내지 300barg 범위의 압력까지 압축(530)하는 단계로, 압축된 상기 BOG는 100 내지 150 ℃ 범위의 온도로 방출되는, 단계;
압축된 상기 BOG로부터 열을 제거하기 위해 압축된 상기 BOG를 냉각(540)하는 단계로, 20 ℃ 내지 45 ℃ 범위의 온도의 냉각에서 압축된 BOG를 생성하는 단계;
-130 ℃ 내지 -155 ℃의 범위, 바람직하게는 약 -150 ℃의 온도까지 상기 냉각 압축된 BOG를 더 냉각(550)하는 단계;
상기 더 냉각 압축된 BOG를 대기압 및 -160 ℃에 가까운 플래시 가스 및 LNG로 팽창시키는(560) 단계; 및
상기 플래시 가스 및 LNG를 저장 탱크로 되돌려보내는(570) 단계;를 포함하는, LNG 보일-오프 가스(BOG)(500)의 재액화 공정.
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| WO2021230751A1 (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-18 | Wärtsilä Gas Solutions Norway AS | A boil-off gas reliquefaction system, a method for reliquefaction of boil-off gas in a reliquefaction system and a method for operating a boil-off gas reliquefaction system |
| US12031677B2 (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-07-09 | China Energy Investment Corporation Limited | System and method with boil-off management for liquefied gas storage |
| CN115076592B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-04-26 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | 一种液氢储罐bog控制系统和控制方法、液氢储罐 |
| CN115451336A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-12-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种适用于lng接收站的冷能发电系统 |
| CN115717682A (zh) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-02-28 | 沪东重机有限公司 | Lng供气系统及其闪蒸气液化再利用方法及系统 |
| KR102707029B1 (ko) * | 2023-02-08 | 2024-09-13 | 한화오션 주식회사 | 선박용 재액화 시스템의 냉매사이클 제어 시스템 및 제어 방법 |
| CN116608645A (zh) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江大学 | 一种天然气bog再液化的系统及方法 |
| CN117091081B (zh) * | 2023-08-16 | 2025-08-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种有泵液化天然气加气站低排放装置及方法 |
| WO2025050479A1 (zh) * | 2023-09-08 | 2025-03-13 | 舟山市质量技术监督检测研究院 | 一种基于lng冷能发电系统的超压气体冷凝回收装置 |
| CN119983139A (zh) * | 2023-11-10 | 2025-05-13 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 一种bog回气处理装置、方法及lng接收站 |
| CN119878406B (zh) * | 2025-03-26 | 2025-07-04 | 南通中远海运川崎船舶工程有限公司 | 一种带bog处理系统的船用氨燃料供应系统及方法 |
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