KR20090046590A - Microstrip Patch Type Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an antenna of a microstrip patch type, and more particularly, it is possible to reduce the size of the antenna by setting a plurality of patches in one or more of serial and parallel on one excitation portion having one dielectric constant. The antenna of the microstrip patch type which can improve the gain and circular polarization characteristic of, and can perform spatial diversity is disclosed. According to the present invention, the gain characteristic and the circular polarization characteristic of the antenna can be improved at the same time, and unnecessary parts and manufacturing process steps for improving the reception sensitivity are omitted, so that the antenna can be made thin and light, thus reducing the cost of the mold cost and the like. Effects and can be embedded in DMB and GPS receiver.

Microstrip Patch Antenna, Patch, Parallel, Excitation, Low Noise Amplifier

Description

Microstrip patch type antenna {MICROSTRIP PATCH TYPE OF ANTENA}

The present invention relates to an antenna of a microstrip patch type, and more particularly, it is possible to reduce the size of the antenna by setting a plurality of patches in one or more of serial and parallel on one excitation portion having one dielectric constant. The present invention relates to an antenna of a microstrip patch type that can improve the gain and circular polarization characteristics of the antenna and enable spatial diversity.

The present invention relates to an antenna of a microstrip patch type, and more particularly, it is possible to reduce the size of the antenna by setting a plurality of patches in one or more of serial and parallel on one excitation portion having one dielectric constant, and the space diver. The present invention relates to a device capable of improving the characteristics of the city and antenna gain and circular polarization.

In general, a GPS antenna serves to resonate and receive radio waves from a satellite and output the signal to a high frequency circuit. Therefore, the GPS antenna needs a function of receiving radio waves from the satellite with high efficiency and a function of transmitting the signal to a high frequency circuit without degrading the signal. Positioning on GPS requires receiving radio waves from four satellites simultaneously. When you look at satellites on Earth, you don't have all the orientations, elevations, etc., and you're constantly moving. GPS antennas therefore require directivity that is actually receivable at lower elevations over the entire orientation. And since the radio waves from GPS satellites are very weak, a lossless antenna is required.

  Satellites may be associated with parabolic antennas, but in the case of GPS, the main circumferential satellites circulate around the earth, so it is impossible to use antennas with high directivity and high gain like parabolic antennas. As shown in FIG. 1, an antenna used in a GPS receiver is shown. These antennas have a semi-circular directivity above the ground plane and receive preferential circular polarizations transmitted from satellites. In survey receivers, helical antennas are frequently used for orthogonal dipole antennas, helical antennas, and ships. Microstrip antennas are also used in aircraft and automobiles that avoid obstacles.

That is, the orthogonal dipole antenna shown in FIG. 1A combines two sets of dipole antennas and shifts one phase by ± 90 degrees to correspond to source polarization. Although it is characterized by easy design due to relatively simple structure, it is necessary to install a ground plane as shown in the figure so that it has no sensitivity below the horizontal plane.

In addition, the helical antenna shown in b) of FIG. 1 is a coil wound around a conductor, and there are also orthogonal helical antennas in which four conductors are twisted. This type of antenna achieves optimum gain and good directivity, but has the disadvantage of being complicated in structure and requiring adjustment.

The microstrip antenna has a structure in which an insulator is sandwiched by a conductor, as shown in c) of FIG. 1, and an excitation part can be easily manufactured like a printed board. For these microstrip antennas, the square patch is the easiest device to generate the ideal circular polarization, which feeds two adjacent sides. The circuit used in this feeding is called a hybrid circuit, and the hybrid is a four-terminal element. Four microstrip lines are arranged in a square to form this. That is, the most widely used square patch is usually arranged in an area ratio of 18 X 18 in both the patch and the excitation portion, in which case the circular polarization characteristics are improved, but the gain is lowered. In order to obtain such a reduced gain, the area ratio of the square patch and the excitation portion of the rectangle is usually arranged at 25 × 16. In this case, the gain is improved, but the circularly polarized wave (CP) is degraded. Here, the patch and the excitation part are all made of a plane, so it is described as an area ratio.

Therefore, in general, when a plurality of patches are provided to improve gain characteristics and circular polarization characteristics of the antenna or to perform spatial diversity, the size of the antenna is increased because a plurality of patches and excitation portions are provided in pairs. .

Therefore, the conventional antenna cannot be mounted inside the main body because the overall size of the terminal main body must be increased in consideration of the mounting space, and the size of the device increases due to other components for improving reception sensitivity even when the main antenna is mounted on the main body. There was a problem, and it was not easy to adjust the angle with the satellite in order to receive GPS satellite signals well due to interference with other components when the main body was mounted.

In addition, as additional devices such as a connector and a switching switch for connecting an external antenna are required, it may cause a cost increase and prevent the device from being miniaturized. Therefore, the user is very inconvenient to carry the conventional body for the above reasons, and has been a limiting factor in designing various products. In addition, the main body is difficult to mount the main body because the size of the antenna is larger in accordance with the trend of receiving the DM signal as well as the GPS signal.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to set gain and circular polarization characteristics by processing a plurality of signals supplied through each patch by setting a plurality of patches to one or more of serial and parallel on one excitation having one dielectric constant. The present invention provides an antenna of a microstrip patch type, which can improve the size of the antenna to which the improved and diversity diversity is performed.

Technical problem according to the first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,

One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feed part,

A plurality of patches each disposed on at least one of series and parallel on the one excitation having one dielectric constant and each generating electromagnetic waves having the same amplitude and phase shifted by a predetermined angle θ for each;

A plurality of low noise amplifiers for low noise amplifying signals supplied from each patch,

And a synthesizer for synthesizing each of the output signals of the plurality of low noise amplifiers and supplying them to a signal processor.

The one excitation portion is characterized in that provided in a rectangle, the plurality of patches is characterized in that the square.

Here, the first patch, which is one of the plurality of patches, is provided to remove two corners in the right diagonal direction with respect to the feeder in order to generate a circular polarization characteristic.

The second patch installed in at least one of the first patch in series and parallel to the first patch has a circular polarization characteristic having the same amplitude as a circular polarization characteristic of the first patch and having a predetermined angle θ difference in phase. It is characterized by being installed shifting the patch at a predetermined angle (θ).

The predetermined angle θ is characterized in that ± 90 degrees.

Here, the number of the plurality of patches is characterized in that it is provided to match the number of the plurality of low noise amplifier.

Preferably the technical problem according to the second aspect of the present invention,

One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feeding part

A plurality of patches disposed on at least one of the series and the parallel on the one excitation portion having one dielectric constant and each generating electromagnetic waves having the same amplitude and phase for each;

A plurality of low noise amplifiers for amplifying the signals supplied from each patch to a predetermined level;

And a synthesizer for synthesizing the output signals of the plurality of low noise amplifiers and supplying them to the signal processor.

The one excitation portion is characterized in that provided in a rectangle, the plurality of patches is characterized in that the square.

Here, the number of the plurality of patches is characterized in that it is provided to match the number of the plurality of low noise amplifier.

Preferably the technical problem according to the third aspect of the present invention,

One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feeding part

A plurality of patches disposed in at least one of serial and parallel on said one excitation having a dielectric constant for receiving a plurality of signals,

A synthesizer for synthesizing signals supplied from each patch;

And a low noise amplifier for amplifying the output signal of the synthesizer to a predetermined level and supplying the signal to the signal processor.

The one excitation portion is characterized in that provided in a rectangle, the plurality of patches is characterized in that the square.

Technical problem according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,

One excitation part installed at the lower part of one feeding part,

A plurality of patches disposed on at least one of series and parallel for each one of the excitation portions having one dielectric constant,

A matching member connecting each patch with respect to the feeder to match signals supplied from each of the plurality of patches;

And a low noise amplifier for amplifying the output signal of the power feeding unit to a predetermined level and supplying the signal to the signal processing unit, wherein the matching member is a micro strip line.

As described above, according to the present invention, by setting a plurality of patches to one or more of serial and parallel on one excitation portion having one dielectric constant by processing a plurality of signals supplied through each patch, The gain characteristics and circular polarization characteristics of the antenna can be improved at the same time, and unnecessary parts and manufacturing process steps for improving reception sensitivity can be omitted, thereby making the antenna light and small, and thus, cost reduction effects such as mold cost and DMB and GPS It can be built in a combined receiver.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<Example 1>

2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams sequentially illustrating a manufacturing process of the microstrip patch type antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an output signal of the microstrip patch antenna type in FIG. 2. to be.

As can be seen in Figure 2, the organic portion 11, the power supply portion 13 is produced on the upper surface of the organic portion 11 and supplied with external electromagnetic energy, and the power supply through the power supply portion 13 Excitation is performed by the electromagnetic energy, and a plurality of patches are provided to radiate electromagnetic waves in a circular direction in one direction and the other direction of the organic part 11. Here, the plurality of patches are provided with each of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2, and the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 are rigidly graded. On both sides of the whole 13 are arranged in one or more of serial and parallel.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the first patch 15-1 is provided to remove two corners in the right diagonal direction with respect to the feeder 13 in order to generate circular polarization characteristics. The patch 15-2 is the same as the circular polarization characteristic of the first patch 15-1. For example, the second patch 15-2 has the same amplitude as that of the first patch 15-1 and has a phase polarization characteristic in which a phase difference occurs at a predetermined angle θ. -1) and a predetermined angle [theta]. That is, the edge of the second patch 15-2 facing left with respect to the feed part 13 is removed.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 4, the amplitudes of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 are the same, but a predetermined angle θ 90 θ difference occurs.

At this time, the electromagnetic wave radiated circularly in the second patch 15-2 disposed in one or more of the first patch 15-1 in series and in parallel with the first patch 15-1 is also an original signal supplied from the first patch 15-1. The angle θ is shifted relative to. The predetermined angle θ may be modified according to the characteristics of the first patch 15-1, the second patch 15-2, and the organic part 11.

On the other hand, the feed section 13 is formed on the upper surface of the organic portion 11, the signal terminal receiving the electromagnetic energy and on both sides of the signal terminal on the upper surface of the organic portion 11 relative to the signal terminal. Is placed.

As described above, in the GPS receiver of the present invention, the power supply unit 11 is connected to an external terminal to receive electromagnetic energy, and performs a power supply function for transferring to the rear end. To this end, the power supply unit 11 includes a signal terminal and a ground terminal not shown.

Further, low noise amplifiers 17-1 and 17-2 are connected to the output side of each of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2.

The low noise amplifiers 17-1 and 17-2 amplify the right circular polarization characteristic supplied from each of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 to a predetermined level, and then combine the synthesizer 19. The synthesizer 19 synthesizes the output signals of the low noise amplifiers 17-1 and 17-2 and provides the synthesized signal to a signal processor (not shown).

That is, as shown in Figure 4, the electric field generated in the organic portion 11 according to the polarity of the electric field generated by the electromagnetic wave emitted from the first patch 15-1 is formed in a circular radiation pattern. In this case, the circular radiation pattern output from the second patch 15-2 is shifted at a predetermined angle (θ = 90 degrees) with respect to the original signal supplied from the first patch 15-1.

The electromagnetic waves output from the first patches 15-1 are low noise amplified through the low noise amplifier 17-1 and then supplied to the signal processor (not shown). In addition, the electromagnetic wave of the second patch 15-2 shifted by the electromagnetic wave of the first patch 15-1 at a predetermined angle θ is also low noise amplified by the low noise amplifier 17-2, and then a signal processor (not shown). Is supplied).

That is, each of the signals supplied from each of the patches 15-1 and 15-2 is received through the low noise amplifier 17-1 and 17-2 so that the first patch 15-1 and the second patch are received. Spatial diversity is performed by simply receiving a signal not received through the first patch 15-1 through the second patch 15-2 without additional parts added through 15-15. . Therefore, the spatial diversity becomes small in size.

<Example 2>

5 is an explanatory diagram sequentially illustrating a manufacturing process of an antenna of a microstrip patch type according to another embodiment of the present invention. In another embodiment of the present invention, the same components shown in FIG. 3 bear the same numbers.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, the feeder 13 is provided on the organic part 11, the upper surface of the organic part 11, and receives external electromagnetic energy, and feeds through the feeder 13. Excitation is performed by the electromagnetic energy, and a plurality of patches are provided to radiate electromagnetic waves in a circular direction in one direction and the other direction of the organic part 11. Here, the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2, which are one of a plurality of patches, are disposed in one or more of serial and parallel on both sides of the feed part 13, and the first patch ( A plurality of low noise amplifiers 17-1 and 17-2 are connected to the output side of each of the 15-1) and the second patch 15-1.

On the other hand, the power supply unit 13 is produced on the upper surface of the organic portion 11, the signal terminal receiving the electromagnetic energy, and on the upper surface of the organic portion 11 with respect to the signal terminal as a reference It is placed on both sides.

That is, the power supply unit 13 is connected to the external terminal receives the electromagnetic energy, and serves to feed to the rear end (작용 電). To this end, the power supply unit 13 includes a signal terminal and a ground terminal not shown.

In addition, each of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 may be provided in a square at predetermined intervals with respect to the power supply unit 13, and may be opposed to the right side with respect to the power supply unit 13. The edge is removed. Thus, the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 generate a magnetic field having a circular polarization (RHCP) characteristic having the same satellite and the same amplitude.

That is, the electromagnetic fields generated by the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 have circular polarization characteristics having the same amplitude and the same phase. Therefore, the electromagnetic fields generated through the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 are provided to the respective low noise amplifiers 17-1 and 17-2, respectively, and the low noise amplifier 17 -1) and 17-2 are low noise amplified electromagnetic waves of each of the patches 15-1 and 15-2 and then supplied to the signal processing unit (not shown).

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the output signal of the combining unit 19 has the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave having the right circular polarization characteristic of the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2. The gain characteristic of the antenna is doubled and the circular polarization characteristic (RHCP) is improved.

<Example 3>

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an antenna of a microstrip patch type according to another embodiment of the present invention. In another embodiment of the present invention, the same components shown in FIG. 3 bear the same numbers.

As can be seen in FIG. 7, the feeder 13 is formed on the organic part 11, the upper surface of the organic part 11, and receives external electromagnetic energy, and feeds through the feeder 13. Excitation is performed by the electromagnetic energy, and a plurality of patches are provided to radiate electromagnetic waves in a circular direction in one direction and the other direction of the organic part 11.

That is, a matching member is installed between the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-1, which is one of a plurality of patches, and the matching member is provided as a micro strip line 16.

In addition, the power supply unit 13 is provided at a predetermined position of the microstrip line 16, and a low noise amplifier 17 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply unit 13.

According to such a structure, the said electric power feeding part 13 is connected with an external terminal, receives an electromagnetic energy, and performs the electric power feeding function which transfers to a rear end. To this end, the power supply unit 13 includes a signal (output) terminal and a ground terminal (not shown).

At this time, the electromagnetic waves generated by the first patch 15-1 and the second patch 15-2 generated by the feeding action of the feeder 13 are matched through the micro strip line 16, and the matching is performed. The electromagnetic waves are provided to the low noise amplifier 17.

The low noise amplifier 17 amplifies the electromagnetic wave matched by the micro strip line 16 to a predetermined level and is then supplied to a signal processor (not shown).

In the embodiment of the present invention, although each low noise amplifier is connected to amplify the output signal of each patch of the antenna for receiving a signal of the adjacent frequency band to a predetermined level, the frequency band to be received through each patch If the difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, a low noise amplifier may be connected after synthesizing the output signal of each patch.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention has been described as a GPS receiver as an example, but can be applied to a communication network based on GPS, SDMB, TDMB, WLAN, WIFI, WIBRO, ZIGBEE, and the like.

As such, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing to the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are to be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the following claims rather than the above description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. .

1 is a diagram illustrating a type of a general antenna.

2 and 3 show a microstrip patch type antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a diagram illustrating an output signal of the low noise amplifier illustrated in FIG. 3.

5 is a view showing a microstrip patch type antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an output signal of the low noise amplifier illustrated in FIG. 5.

7 illustrates a microstrip patch type antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.

<Detailed Description of Main Parts of Drawing>

11: here 13: feeder

15-1, 15-2: first patch and second patch 16: micro strip line

17-1, 17-2: Low Noise Amplifier

19: synthesis section

Claims (15)

One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feed part, A plurality of patches arranged on at least one of the series and the parallel for each of the excitation portions having one dielectric constant and generating electromagnetic waves having the same amplitude and phase shifted by a predetermined angle θ for each; , A plurality of low noise amplifiers for low noise amplifying signals supplied from each patch, And a synthesizer for synthesizing the output signals of the plurality of low noise amplifiers and supplying them to the signal processor. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 1, wherein the one excitation portion is provided in a rectangular shape. The antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of patches are square. The method of claim 3, wherein the first patch, which is one of the plurality of patches, is provided to remove two corners in the right diagonal direction with respect to the feeder to generate circular polarization characteristics, The second patch installed in at least one of the first patch in series and parallel to the first patch has a circular polarization characteristic having the same amplitude as the circular polarization characteristic of the first patch and having a predetermined angle θ difference in phase. An antenna of the microstrip patch type, which is provided by shifting one patch at a predetermined angle θ. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined angle (θ) is ± 90 degrees. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 5, wherein the number of the plurality of patches is provided to match the number of the plurality of low noise amplifiers. One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feeding part A plurality of patches disposed on at least one of the series and parallel for each of the excitation portions having one dielectric constant and generating electromagnetic waves having the same amplitude and phase for each; A plurality of low noise amplifiers for amplifying the signals supplied from each patch to a predetermined level; And a synthesizer for synthesizing the output signals of the plurality of low noise amplifiers and supplying them to a signal processor. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 7, wherein the number of the plurality of patches is provided to match the number of the plurality of low noise amplifiers. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 7, wherein the one excitation portion is provided in a rectangular shape. The antenna of claim 7 or 8, wherein the plurality of patches are square. One excitation part installed in the lower part of the feed part, In series and in parallel generating at least one of series and parallel for each of said excitation portions having one dielectric constant and generating electromagnetic waves having the same amplitude and phase shifted by a predetermined angle θ for each A plurality of patches arranged in at least one, A synthesizer for synthesizing signals supplied from each of the plurality of patches; And a low noise amplifier for amplifying the output signal of the synthesis section to a predetermined level and supplying the signal to the signal processing section. 12. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 11, wherein the one excitation portion is provided in a rectangular shape. 13. The microstrip patch type antenna according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the plurality of patches are square. One excitation part installed at the lower part of one feeding part, A plurality of patches disposed on at least one of series and parallel for each one of the excitation portions having one dielectric constant, A matching member connecting each patch with respect to the feeder to match signals supplied from each of the plurality of patches; And a low noise amplifier for amplifying the output signal of the power feeding unit to a predetermined level and supplying the signal to the signal processing unit. 15. The antenna of claim 14 wherein the matching member is a micro strip line.

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