KR20050100486A - Thermal cracking system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing organic waste, wherein the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis device (100) is purified by the debris removal unit (310, 320, 330), and the main of the burner (210) for heating the pyrolysis device (100). Since the structure is used as a fuel, the pyrolysis gas generated during incineration of organic waste can be recycled environmentally and efficiently, and the fuel consumption of the pyrolysis system is greatly reduced.

Description

Thermal cracking system

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing organic waste, and to a pyrolysis system in which pyrolysis gas generated during pyrolysis is purified and then used as a main fuel of a burner.

As is well known, as the society develops rapidly and the life improves, interest in the environment is increasing, and there are various methods of research on the method of recycling the waste and the method of treating the waste to reduce the environmental pollution. It is actively progressing.

In the case of the organic waste, it is classified into the method of incineration by high temperature heat or composting using an earthworm, an aerobic, anaerobic microorganism, etc.

The incineration method has a merit of treating a large amount of waste in a short time, but has a disadvantage in that waste disposal costs are high and resources cannot be recycled, whereas the recycling method of composting can treat organic waste at low cost. Although there is an advantage in that the organic waste can be recycled, it is not possible to dispose of the waste quickly, the site for the composting process is quite large, and odor is generated during the composting process.

Conventional organic waste incineration apparatus has a method in which the organic waste is burned directly by the flame from the burner and incinerated, and the heating chamber or the heating drum is heated to a high temperature by the combustion heat of the burner, and the organic waste introduced into the heating chamber or the heating drum is heated. The waste is indirectly heated in a high temperature heating chamber or heating drum to be incinerated.

The direct combustion type incinerator has the advantage that the structure of the device is considerably simplified because of the simple combustion method, but incomplete combustion causes a large amount of environmental pollutants contained in the exhaust gas, and it is difficult to remove such environmental pollutants. Problems have arisen and their use has been greatly reduced.

On the other hand, the indirect combustion type incinerator is separately treated with the exhaust gas from the burner generated during combustion and the pyrolysis gas from the organic waste, so that it is easy to remove environmental pollutants and the pyrolysis gas generated during incineration. Due to the advantage that can be recycled in a variety of forms, its use is expanding gradually.

In this example, as in the Republic of Korea Utility Model Publication No. 1998-28671 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-286684, the pyrolysis gas generated during the incineration of organic waste is burned by the flame of the burner, that is, assists the pyrolysis gas. Recycling as a heat source has been proposed and widely applied.

However, the conventional method of recycling the pyrolysis gas is a method of burning the pyrolysis gas into the burner's flame and using it as an auxiliary heat source, so that the main fuel must be continuously supplied from the outside to the burner, thereby reducing fuel consumption. In addition, since combustion of the unrefined pyrolysis gas combusts, the combustion efficiency is greatly reduced, and this causes a problem that the exhaust gas is discharged with a large amount of environmental pollutants.

Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a pyrolysis system in which the pyrolysis gas generated at the time of pyrolysis is purified and then used as a main fuel of a burner.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the pyrolysis apparatus for heating the dried organic waste in a sealed state to separate the carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas and then discharge them; A foreign substance removal unit for purifying pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus to remove foreign substances such as non-combustible substances and environmental pollutants; A compressor for compressing the purified pyrolysis gas from the foreign matter removing unit at a high pressure; A pyrolysis gas storage tank in which the purified pyrolysis gas from the compressor is stored at a high pressure; The fuel gas supplied from the pyrolysis gas storage tank is composed of a burner for heating the pyrolysis apparatus as the main fuel.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to Figure 1, the pyrolysis system according to the present invention, the pyrolysis device 100 for heating the dried organic waste in a sealed state to separate the carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas and then discharge them respectively; A foreign substance removal unit (310, 320, 330) for purifying the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 to remove foreign substances such as non-combustible substances and environmental pollutants; A compressor (30) for compressing the purified pyrolysis gas from the foreign matter removing unit (310, 320, 330) to a high pressure; A pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 in which the purified pyrolysis gas from the compressor 30 is stored at a high pressure; The burner 210 heats the pyrolysis apparatus 100 using the fuel gas supplied from the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 as a main fuel.

In this application example, the pyrolysis apparatus 100 includes: a pyrolysis drum 130 rotatably fixed; A combustion furnace 110 which encloses the pyrolysis drum 130 in a closed manner; An organic waste injector 120 connected to the pyrolysis drum 130 to inject the dried organic waste into the pyrolysis drum 130; A rotary pyrolysis apparatus having a pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 in which carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas are separated and discharged, respectively, was used. It should be noted that the organic waste input device 120 and the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 are in communication with both openings of the pyrolysis drum 130 are rotated, respectively, the airtight is maintained between them, the leakage of pyrolysis gas Is to be prevented.

In addition, in the present application, the foreign matter removal unit (310, 320, 330), the gas cleaner 310 to remove the foreign matter contained in the pyrolysis gas by spraying water, and the filter dust collector 320 to filter out the dust contained in the pyrolysis gas And, using the activated carbon filter 330 to remove the foreign matter remaining in the pyrolysis gas was used as a foreign material removal unit, these gas cleaner 310, the bag filter 320 and the activated carbon filter 330 were arranged sequentially. .

When the environmental pollutant is removed by using the gas cleaner 310, the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is lowered, and thus, a certain amount of oil component is contained in the discharged water discharged from the gas cleaner 310 together with various foreign substances. Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, it is preferable to install an oil separator 500 for separating the oil component from the discharged water discharged from the gas cleaner 310, to separately process the oil component.

Referring to the operating state of the pyrolysis system according to the present invention.

First, when the dried organic waste is transferred to the organic waste input device 120 of the pyrolysis device 100 by the organic waste transport device OW1, the organic waste input device 120 is a pyrolysis drum in which the dried organic waste is rotated. Input to 130.

The dried organic waste introduced into the pyrolysis drum 130 is naturally moved toward the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 while being agitated by the rotating pyrolysis drum 130, and the pyrolysis drum 130 is installed in the combustion furnace 110. Since it is heated to a high temperature by the burner 210, the dried organic waste is heated to a high temperature while being moved to the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 along the pyrolysis drum 130, and is separated into carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas. It is discharged to the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140. Carbonization waste discharged to the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 is discharged to the carbonization waste discharge device (CW) through the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140, the pyrolysis gas discharged to the pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 is naturally pyrolysis gas. It is discharged to the pyrolysis gas line (TG1) through the separation unit 140. Here, the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 is stored with sufficient fuel for the initial drive of the burner 210, the flow rate control valve (B1) is operated in the ON state fuel gas of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 Is supplied to the burner 210 along the fuel gas line (FG1), the burner 210 heats the pyrolysis drum 130 via the fuel gas from the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400. The burner 210 combusts the fuel gas supplied through the fuel gas line FG1 and the external air supplied through the intake line I1, and burns the combustion gas from the burner 210. After being transferred along the heat gas discharge line (CG1) from the exhaust through the chimney (S). On the other hand, reference numeral "11" is an intake blower which forcibly sucks external air and supplies it to the burner 210, and reference numeral "21" denotes a combustion gas discharge line from the combustion furnace 110. CG1) is an exhaust blower to be discharged smoothly.

The carbonized waste discharged to the carbonized waste discharge device CW is discharged to the outside by the carbonized waste discharged device CW and is then processed.

The pyrolysis gas discharged to the pyrolysis gas line (TG1) is then pyrolysis gas line (TG1) → gas cleaner 310 → pyrolysis gas line (TG2) → bag filter 320 → pyrolysis gas line (TG3) → activated carbon filter 330 → after being purified to be sequentially transferred to the pyrolysis gas line (TG4), it is compressed and stored in the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 via the compressor (30). The gas cleaner 310 and the activated carbon filter 330 remove foreign substances such as environmental pollutants and non-combustible substances contained in the pyrolysis gas, and the bag filter 320 removes foreign substances such as dust contained in the pyrolysis gas. do. Table 1 below shows which components of the gas cleaner 310, the bag filter 320, and the activated carbon filter 330 specifically remove foreign substances from the pyrolysis gas.

Gas Cleaner Removal Rate Filter Dust Removal Rate Activated Carbon Filter Removal Rate Total removal NH ₃      99.00       0.00      75.30      99.753 Pges     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000 SO ₂      70.00       0.00      99.00      99.700 H ₂ S      98.00       0.00       0.00      98.000 HCl      90.00       0.00      99.00      99.900 HCN      93.00       0.00       0.00      93.000 NO _X       0.00       0.00      80.00      80.000 PCDD / F      15.00      40.00      99.00      99.490 PCB       0.00       0.00      97.60      97.600 Hg       7.00       0.00      99.50      99.535 CD       1.23       0.00      99.50      99.506 Pb     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000 Cr     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000 Cu     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000 Ni     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000 Zn     100.00       0.00       0.00     100.000

Meanwhile, the washing water introduced into the gas cleaner 310 through the water line W1 is injected into the gas cleaner 310 and then discharged from the gas cleaner 310 to discharge the oil separator 500 through the water line W2. Is put into. The oil separator 500 separates only the oil component from the discharge water from the gas cleaner 310 and discharges it to the foreign substance discharge line DT1, and the discharged water from which the oil component is removed is discharged to the outside through the water line W3. In addition, the foreign matter filtered by the bag filter 320 is discharged to the outside through the foreign matter discharge line (DT2), the foreign matter removed by the activated carbon filter 330 is discharged to the outside through the foreign matter discharge line (DT3). Here, reference numeral "41" denotes a washing water supply pump which allows the washing water to smoothly flow into the gas cleaner 310 through the water line W1, and reference numeral "42" denotes the discharge water in which the oil component is controlled. Discharge water discharge pump to be smoothly discharged along the water line (W3) from the separator 500, the reference numeral "43" is the oil component from the oil separator 500 is discharged smoothly along the foreign substance discharge line (DT1). It is an oil discharge pump.

According to the present invention, the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 is used as the main fuel of the burner 210 which heats the pyrolysis apparatus 100 after the pyrolysis gas is purified by the foreign matter removing unit 310, 320, 330. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas can be recycled more efficiently as a heat source, thereby greatly reducing the fuel consumption rate of the pyrolysis system.

The present invention is not limited to the application examples described above, and may be variously modified as necessary.

For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, after drying the organic waste containing a certain moisture, the drying apparatus 600 for supplying the dried organic waste to the pyrolysis apparatus 100; The burner 220 for heating the drying apparatus 600 may be reinforced.

In this case, since one system can dry and thermally decompose organic wastes containing a certain amount of water, organic waste treatment can be more efficiently performed.

The pyrolysis system shown in FIG. 2 includes a drying drum 630 which is rotatably fixed; Combustion furnace 610 surrounding the drying drum 630 hermetically; An organic waste injecting device 620 communicated with the drying drum 630 to inject organic waste containing predetermined moisture into the drying drum 630; The application example which uses the rotary drying apparatus which has the water separation part 640 by which the dried organic waste and water containing air are separated and discharge | emitted respectively is shown as the drying apparatus 600 is shown.

The main fuel of the burner 220 may be supplied separately from the outside, but as in the application shown in FIG. 2, the fuel gas of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 passes through the fuel gas line FG2 to the burner 220. It is preferable to use the fuel gas supplied from the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 as the main fuel of the burner 220 to be supplied to. Here, reference numeral "I2" denotes an intake line for supplying external air to the burner 220, and reference numeral "12" denotes an intake blower for allowing external air to be smoothly supplied to the burner 220 through the intake line. And, reference numeral "B2" is a flow amount control valve for adjusting the fuel supply amount to the burner 220.

In addition, since the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 is in a very high temperature state, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion gas discharge line CG1 is connected to the combustion furnace 610 of the drying apparatus 600, thereby pyrolyzing. Preferably, the drying drum 630 of the drying apparatus 600 is heated by the combustion gas from the apparatus 100. In this case, by connecting the combustion furnace 610 and the chimney (S) of the drying apparatus 600 via the combustion gas discharge line (CG2), the drying drum 630 is heated and discharged from the flue 610 After the combustion gas is moved along the combustion gas discharge line (CG2) to be discharged to the outside through the chimney (S). Here, reference numeral 22 denotes an exhaust gas which is discharged through the chimney S after the combustion gas discharged from the combustion furnace 610 of the drying apparatus 600 flows smoothly along the combustion gas discharge line CG2. Is a blower.

On the other hand, in order to improve the drying function, by installing the intake blower 13 in the intake line (I3) for supplying external air to the drying drum 630, the water evaporated in the drying drum 630 is separated from the water separation unit. The exhaust air is discharged to the exhaust line E1 smoothly through 640. The exhaust air discharged to the exhaust line E1 contains environmentally harmful substances such as ammonia, and as shown in FIG. It is preferable to reinforce and install the auxiliary foreign matter removing unit 700 for removing the foreign matter contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the apparatus 600. In this application example, a gas cleaner for removing foreign matters contained in the pyrolysis gas by spraying water was used as the auxiliary foreign matter removing unit 700. In this case, as shown in Figure 2, the outlet of the auxiliary debris removal unit 700 is connected to the water line (W1), the water line (W4) in which the washing water supply pump 44 is installed in the auxiliary debris removal unit In connection with the inlet of the 700, it is preferable that the washing water is supplied to the gas cleaner 310 through the water line W4, the auxiliary foreign matter removing unit 700, and the water line W1.

The pyrolysis system shown in FIG. 3 includes a drying furnace 650; A transport mechanism 660 which is internally installed in the drying furnace 650 and transfers the organic waste containing the predetermined moisture to the inlet side of the drying furnace 650 to the outlet side of the drying furnace 650 and discharges it; A heat exchanger 670 connected to the drying furnace 650 through the air circulation lines C1 and C2 and transferring high temperature heat energy from the burner 220 to the air circulating through the drying furnace 650; As the hot air from the heat exchanger 670 is introduced into the drying furnace 650 through the circulation supply line C1, the low temperature air from the drying furnace 650 passes through the circulation return line C2. An application example in which a heat exchange type drying apparatus having a circulation blower 680 to be returned to 670 is used as the drying apparatus 600 is shown.

In this application example, the flow rate control valve B4 is provided in the exhaust line E1 connected to the circulation return line C2, and the exhaust volume from the drying apparatus 600 is supplied via the flow rate control valve B4. By adjusting the drying conditions. Here, reference numeral "I4" is an intake line for supplying external air to the drying furnace 650.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the auxiliary circulation line (C3) for connecting the circulation supply line (C1) and the circulation return line (C2) is installed, the flow rate control valve in the circulation return line (C2) (B5) is provided, the amount of circulation air return to the heat exchanger 670 is adjusted via the flow amount control valve B5, and the temperature of the supply air to the drying furnace 650 is appropriately adjusted.

On the other hand, in the case of this application example, as shown in Figure 3, the fuel gas of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 can be used as the main fuel of the burner 220, of course. In this case, the burner 220 and the heat exchanger 670 are connected to each other through the combustion gas discharge line CG3, and the combustion gas discharge line CG1 from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 is connected to the combustion gas discharge line CG3. In addition, it is preferable to use the combustion gas from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 as an auxiliary heat source.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the water line W1 and the water line W3 are connected to the bypass water line W5, or the water line W1 and the water line W2 are connected to the bypass water line. W5), the flow rate control valve B6 is provided in the bypass water line W5, and the amount of water supplied to the gas cleaner 310 can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate control valve B6.

In addition, as shown in Figure 3, by installing a heater 60 in the pyrolysis gas line (TG2) connecting the gas cleaner 310 and the bag filter 320, the bag filter due to the temperature decrease of the pyrolysis gas ( It is preferable to prevent the functional degradation of the 320 and the activated carbon filter 330.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the following claims.

For example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, by connecting a separate pyrolysis gas line (TG3) to the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400, the fuel gas of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 to the fuel of the other heat source. Can be used as

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the intake line I2 to the exhaust line E2 of the auxiliary foreign matter removing unit 700, the separate intake line I5, and the burner 220 through the air control valve 50. ) Can also be interconnected. The air control valve 50 used here automatically opens the intake line I5 correspondingly when the amount of air sucked from the exhaust line E2 into the intake line I2 is equal to or less than the appropriate amount, thereby inducing the intake line I2. A function to maintain the suction amount of the furnace to always be above the proper amount.

2 and 3, an organic waste storage tank 810 capable of temporarily storing organic waste in the organic waste transfer apparatuses OW1 and OW2 between the drying apparatus 600 and the pyrolysis apparatus 100. ) To prevent problems due to differences in processing speed between the drying apparatus 600 and the pyrolysis apparatus 100, or to store organic waste temporarily in the organic waste transfer apparatus 820 to the drying apparatus 600. By installing the waste storage tank 820, of course, it is possible to ensure a stable supply of organic waste for the operation of the pyrolysis system.

According to the present invention as described above, the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 is used as the main fuel of the burner 210 for heating the pyrolysis apparatus 100 after being purified by the foreign matter removal unit (310, 320, 330). Because of the structure, the pyrolysis gas generated during the incineration of organic waste can be recycled environmentally and efficiently, and the fuel consumption of the pyrolysis system is greatly reduced.

1 shows a pyrolysis system according to the invention,

2 shows an application example of a pyrolysis system according to the present invention;

3 is a view showing another application of the pyrolysis system according to the present invention.

-Explanation of terms for the main parts of the accompanying drawings-

11,12,13,14; Intake blowers, 21,22,23; Exhaust blower,

30; Compressors, 41, 42, 43, 44; Pump

50; Air control valve, 60; Burner,

100; Pyrolysis apparatus, 110; Combustion furnace,

120; Organic waste input, 130; Pyrolysis drum,

140; Pyrolysis gas separation unit, 210,220; burner,

310; Gas cleaner, 320; Filter dust collector,

330; Activated carbon filter, 400; Pyrolysis gas storage tank,

500; Oil separator, 600; Drying Equipment,

610; Combustion furnace, 620; Organic waste feeder,

630; Dry drum, 640; Water separator,

650; Drying furnace, 660; Transfer unit,

670; Heat exchanger, 680; Circulating blower,

700; Auxiliary debris removal unit, 810,820; Organic waste storage tanks,

B1-B6; Flow control valve, C1; Circulation Supply Line,

C2; Cyclic return line, C3; Auxiliary circulation line,

CG1, CG2, CG3; Flue gas discharge line, CW; Carbonized waste discharger,

DT1, DT2, DT3; Foreign substance discharge line, E1, E2; Exhaust Line,

FG1, FG2, FG3; Fuel gas lines I1 to I5; Intake Line,

OW1, OW2; Organic waste feeder, S; Chimney,

TG1-TG4; Pyrolysis gas line, W1-W4; Waterline.

Claims (13)

A pyrolysis device (100) for heating the dried organic waste in a sealed state to separate carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas and then discharging them respectively; A foreign substance removal unit (310, 320, 330) for purifying the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis apparatus 100 to remove foreign substances such as non-combustible substances and environmental pollutants; A compressor (30) for compressing the purified pyrolysis gas from the foreign matter removing unit (310, 320, 330) to a high pressure; A pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 in which the purified pyrolysis gas from the compressor 30 is stored at a high pressure; A pyrolysis system, comprising a burner 210 for heating the pyrolysis apparatus 100 using the fuel gas supplied from the pyrolysis gas storage tank 400 as a main fuel. The pyrolysis apparatus (100) of claim 1, further comprising: a pyrolysis drum (130) rotatably fixed; A combustion furnace 110 which encloses the pyrolysis drum 130 in a closed manner; An organic waste injector 120 connected to the pyrolysis drum 130 to inject the dried organic waste into the pyrolysis drum 130; Pyrolysis system, characterized in that the rotary pyrolysis device having a pyrolysis gas separation unit 140 is carbonized waste and pyrolysis gas is discharged separately. According to claim 1, wherein the foreign material removal unit (310, 320, 330), the gas cleaner 310 for removing the foreign matter contained in the pyrolysis gas by spraying water, and the bag filter (320) for filtering the dust contained in the pyrolysis gas and , Consisting of an activated carbon filter (330) for removing foreign substances remaining in the pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis system, characterized in that arranged sequentially. The pyrolysis system according to claim 3, further comprising an oil separator (500) for separating oil components from the discharged water discharged from the gas cleaner (310). The pyrolysis system according to claim 3, wherein a heater (60) for heating pyrolysis gas is installed in a pyrolysis gas line (TG2) connecting the gas cleaner (310) and the bag filter (320). According to any one of claims 1 to 5, Drying apparatus 600 for drying the organic waste containing a certain moisture, supplying the organic waste dried to the pyrolysis apparatus 100; Pyrolysis system, characterized in that the burner 220 for heating the drying device 600 is reinforced. The pyrolysis system according to claim 6, wherein the burner (220) uses fuel gas supplied from the pyrolysis gas storage tank (400) as a main fuel. 7. The pyrolysis system according to claim 6, wherein the drying device (600) is heated by the combustion gas from the pyrolysis device (100). According to claim 6, The drying apparatus 600, Drying drum 630 is fixed rotatably; Combustion furnace 610 surrounding the drying drum 630 hermetically; An organic waste injecting device 620 communicated with the drying drum 630 to inject organic waste containing predetermined moisture into the drying drum 630; A pyrolysis system, characterized in that the rotary drying apparatus having a water separation unit 640, the dried organic waste and the air containing the water is separated and discharged. According to claim 6, The drying apparatus 600, Drying furnace 650 and; A transport mechanism 660 which is internally installed in the drying furnace 650 and transfers the organic waste containing the predetermined moisture to the inlet side of the drying furnace 650 to the outlet side of the drying furnace 650 and discharges it; A heat exchanger 670 connected to the drying furnace 650 through the air circulation lines C1 and C2 and transferring high temperature heat energy from the burner 220 to the air circulating through the drying furnace 650; As the hot air from the heat exchanger 670 is introduced into the drying furnace 650 through the circulation supply line C1, the low temperature air from the drying furnace 650 passes through the circulation return line C2. And a heat exchange drying device having a circulation blower (680) for returning to the water (670). The method of claim 10, wherein the secondary supply line (C3) for connecting the circulation supply line (C1) and the circulation return line (C2) is provided, the flow rate control valve (B5) is provided in the circulation return line (C2) Pyrolysis system, characterized in that. 7. The pyrolysis system according to claim 6, wherein an auxiliary foreign matter removing unit (700) for removing foreign matters contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the drying apparatus (600) is reinforced. 13. The pyrolysis system according to claim 12, wherein the auxiliary foreign matter removing unit (700) is a gas cleaner for spraying water to remove foreign substances contained in the pyrolysis gas.