KR102819956B1 - Display module and method for head mounted display - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a display module capable of preventing a black matrix from being viewed by a user in a grid form without increasing the resolution of the display module, and to a head-mounted display including the same. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display module includes a first substrate having a plurality of pixels formed thereon, a second substrate having an engraved pattern formed on one surface, a black matrix provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a lens layer filled in the engraved pattern of the second substrate.

Description

DISPLAY MODULE AND METHOD FOR HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAY

The present invention relates to a display module and a head-mounted display including the same.

A head-mounted display (HMD) is a device that is worn on the user's head in the form of glasses or a helmet, and focuses images close to the user's eyes. A head-mounted display can implement virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR).

A head-mounted display may include an eyepiece for positioning the user's eyes and a display module for displaying an image. In a head-mounted display, the display module for displaying an image is positioned between the eyepiece and the user's eyes, and the display module is positioned within the focal length of the eyepiece. As a result, when the display module displays an image, the user can view an enlarged virtual image as a virtual image through the eyepiece.

The display module of the head-mounted display can be implemented as a flat panel display device such as a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting display device. The flat panel display device includes pixels that display an image and a black matrix that defines an aperture for each of the pixels.

In a head-mounted display, the display module is magnified to the user by the eyepiece, and as a result, the black matrix of the display module may also be magnified. In this case, as shown in Fig. 1, a problem may occur in which the black matrix is perceived by the user in a grid shape. When the resolution of the display module is increased, the area of the black matrix is reduced, so the problem in which the black matrix is perceived by the user in a grid shape can be solved. However, the manufacturing cost of the head-mounted display may increase due to the application of a high-resolution, small-sized display module.

The present invention provides a display module capable of preventing a black matrix from being viewed by a user in a grid form without increasing the resolution of the display module, and a head-mounted display including the same.

A display module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate having a plurality of pixels, a second substrate having an engraved pattern formed on one surface, a black matrix provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a lens layer filled in the engraved pattern of the second substrate.

A head-mounted display according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an eyepiece and a display module providing an image to the eyepiece. The display module comprises a first substrate having a plurality of pixels formed thereon, a second substrate having an engraved pattern formed on one surface, a black matrix provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a lens layer filled with the engraved pattern of the second substrate.

The embodiment of the present invention sets the radius of curvature of the curvature according to the refractive index of the second substrate, the refractive index of the lens, and the focal length of the curvature. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention sets the width of the curvature according to the width of the black matrix, the thickness of the second substrate, and the focal length of the curvature. As a result, the embodiment of the present invention can refract light from a pixel that passes through an opening to the curvature of the lens by the radius of curvature of the curvature and emit light upward. That is, the embodiment of the present invention can extend the light from the pixel to an area where the black matrix is formed and emit light. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the black matrix from being recognized by the user.

Figure 1 is an example drawing showing a grid pattern of an image displayed by a conventional head-mounted display.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective views showing a head-mounted display according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary drawing showing an example of the display module storage section of FIGS. 2a and 2b.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary drawing showing another example of the display module storage section of FIGS. 2a and 2b.
Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the display module of Figures 3a and 3b.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the first substrate, gate driver, source driver IC, flexible film, circuit board, and timing controller of FIG. 4.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing pixels of a display panel.
Figure 8 is an enlarged view of area A of Figure 7.
FIG. 9 is an exemplary drawing showing a grid pattern of an image displayed by a head-mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a second substrate including a lens layer.
FIGS. 11A to 11E are drawings for explaining a method for manufacturing a second substrate including a lens layer.

Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to substantially identical components. In the following description, if it is not related to the core configuration of the present invention, detailed descriptions of the configurations and functions known in the technical field of the present invention may be omitted. The meanings of the terms described in this specification should be understood as follows.

The advantages and features of the present invention, and the method for achieving them, will become clear with reference to the embodiments described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, and these embodiments are provided only to make the disclosure of the present invention complete and to fully inform a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for explaining embodiments of the present invention are exemplary, and the present invention is not limited to the matters illustrated. The same reference numerals refer to the same components throughout the specification. In addition, in explaining the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

In the present specification, when the words "includes," "has," and "consists of," are used, other parts may be added unless "only" is used. When a component is expressed in the singular, it includes the plural unless there is a special explicit description.

When interpreting a component, it is interpreted as including the error range even if there is no separate explicit description.

When describing a positional relationship, for example, when the positional relationship between two parts is described as 'on ~', 'upper ~', 'lower ~', 'next to ~', etc., one or more other parts may be located between the two parts, unless 'right' or 'directly' is used.

When describing a temporal relationship, for example, when describing a temporal relationship using phrases such as 'after', 'following', 'next to', or 'before', it can also include cases where there is no continuity, as long as 'right away' or 'directly' is not used.

Although the terms first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Accordingly, a first component referred to below may also be a second component within the technical concept of the present invention.

“X-axis direction”, “Y-axis direction” and “Z-axis direction” should not be interpreted as merely geometric relationships in which the relationship between them is perpendicular to each other, but may mean a wider directionality within the range in which the configuration of the present invention can function functionally.

The term "at least one" should be understood to include all combinations that can be represented from one or more of the associated items. For example, the meaning of "at least one of the first, second, and third items" can mean not only each of the first, second, or third items, but also all combinations of items that can be represented from two or more of the first, second, and third items.

The individual features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or wholly combined or combined with each other, and may be technically linked and driven in various ways, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of each other or may be implemented together in a related relationship.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective views showing a head-mounted display according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is illustrated so that the back of the display storage unit (20) of the head-mounted display (10) is visible, and FIG. 1B is illustrated so that the front of the display storage unit (20) of the head-mounted display (10) is visible.

Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, a head mounted display (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a display storage unit (20), a first eyepiece (30), a second eyepiece (40), a first glass (50), a second glass (60), and a spectacle frame leg (70).

The head-mounted display (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention is implemented in the form of glasses including glasses frame legs (70) so that the user can easily put them on or take them off, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, but is not limited thereto. That is, the head-mounted display (10) may include a head-mounted band that can be mounted on the head instead of the glasses frame legs (70).

The display storage unit (20) includes a display module for displaying an image and optical means for providing the image displayed on the display module to the first and second eyepieces (30, 40). A detailed description of the display storage unit (20) will be described later with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b.

The first and second eyepieces (30, 40) may be arranged on the back surface of the display storage unit (20). The first eyepiece (30) may be a left-eye lens where the user's left eye is positioned, and the second eyepiece (40) may be a right-eye lens where the user's right eye is positioned. Accordingly, the user may view an image displayed on the display module of the display module storage unit (20) through the first and second eyepieces (30, 40). Each of the first and second eyepieces (30, 40) may be implemented as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens, but is not limited thereto.

The first and second glasses (50, 60) may be placed on the front of the display storage unit (20). The first glass (50) is placed to correspond to the first eyepiece (30), and the second glass (60) is placed to correspond to the second eyepiece (40). Accordingly, the user can view the background of the front of the display storage unit (20) shown by the first and second glasses (50, 60) through the first and second eyepieces (30, 40). The first and second glasses (50, 60) may be designed to be opened and closed according to the user's request. Alternatively, the first and second glasses (50, 60) may be omitted.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary drawing showing an example of the display module storage section of FIGS. 2a and 2b.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the display module storage unit. Fig. 3 shows the configurations of the display module storage unit (20) arranged to correspond to the first eyepiece (30), and the configurations of the display module storage unit (20) arranged to correspond to the second eyepiece (30) are substantially the same as those shown in Fig. 3, so they are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 3, the display module storage unit (20) may include a display module (100) and a focusing lens (200).

The display module (100) may be a display device that displays a predetermined image. For example, the display module (100) may be implemented as a small display device such as an organic light emitting display device, a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting device on silicon substrate (OLEDoS), a liquid crystal on silicon substrate (LCoS), or a light emitting diode on silicon substrate (LEDoS). Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, it is exemplified that the display module (100) is an organic light emitting display device, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. A detailed description of the display module (100) will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

A condenser lens (200) may be placed between the display module (100) and the first eyepiece (30). The condenser lens (200) provides an image displayed on the display module (100) to the first eyepiece (30). The condenser lens (500) may be implemented as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens, but is not limited thereto. The condenser lens (200) may be omitted in some cases.

Meanwhile, the first and second glasses (50, 60) may be designed to be opened and closed according to the user's request. Alternatively, the first and second glasses (50, 60) may be omitted.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention can provide a virtual image displayed by the display module of the display module storage unit (20) to the user's eyes through the first eyepiece (30). As a result, the embodiment of the present invention can implement virtual reality (VR).

FIG. 4 is an exemplary drawing showing another example of the display module storage section of FIGS. 2a and 2b.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the display module storage unit. Fig. 4 shows the configurations of the display module storage unit (20) arranged to correspond to the first eyepiece (30), and the configurations of the display module storage unit (20) arranged to correspond to the second eyepiece (30) are substantially the same as those shown in Fig. 4, so they are omitted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the display module storage unit (20) may include a display module (100), a light collecting lens (200), and a transmission reflector (300).

The display module (100) may be placed on the upper portion of the transmission reflection portion (300). The display module (100) may be a display device that displays a predetermined image. For example, the display module (100) may be implemented as a small display device such as an organic light emitting display device, a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting device on silicon substrate (OLEDoS), a liquid crystal on silicon substrate (LCoS), or a light emitting diode on silicon substrate (LEDoS). Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, it is exemplified that the display module (100) is an organic light emitting display device, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. A detailed description of the display module (300) will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

The condenser lens (200) may be placed between the transmission/reflection unit (300) and the first eyepiece (30). The condenser lens (200) provides an image of the display module (100) reflected by the transmission/reflection unit (300) to the first eyepiece (30). The condenser lens (500) may be implemented as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens, but is not limited thereto. The condenser lens (200) may be omitted in some cases.

The transmission reflection unit (300) may be arranged between the collecting lens (200) and the first glass (50). The transmission reflection unit (300) may be a half mirror or a reflective polarizing plate that transmits a part of the light and reflects another part of the light. The half mirror includes glass and a semi-transmissive metal film formed on one surface of the glass. The semi-transmissive metal film may be formed of a semi-transmissive conductive material such as magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or an alloy of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag). The reflective polarizing plate may be, but is not limited to, an advanced polarizing film (APF) or a dual bright enhanced film (DBEF).

Meanwhile, the first and second glasses (50, 60) may be designed to be opened and closed according to the user's request. Alternatively, the first and second glasses (50, 60) may be omitted.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention includes a transmission/reflection unit (300) that transmits a portion of light and reflects another portion of light, thereby transmitting light incident from the first glass (50) and allowing an image displayed on the display module (300) to be directed to the condenser lens (500). Accordingly, the user can view both the background shown by the first glass (50) and the image displayed on the display module (300) through the first eyepiece (30). That is, since the user can overlap the real background and the virtual image and view them as one image, augmented reality (AR) can be implemented.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can only transmit the image displayed on the display module (300) through the transmission and reflection part (300) to the condenser lens (500) when the first glass (50) is closed or omitted. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can provide the image displayed on the display module (300) to the user's eyes through the first eyepiece (30). As a result, the embodiment of the present invention can implement virtual reality (VR).

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the display module of Figs. 3a and 3b. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the first substrate, gate driver, source driver IC, flexible film, circuit board, and timing controller of Fig. 4.

In Fig. 6, the second substrate (112) is omitted for convenience of explanation, and the second substrate (112) can be positioned to cover the display area (DA) of the first substrate (111).

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, a display module (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel (110), a gate driver (120), a source driver integrated circuit (hereinafter referred to as “IC”) (130), a flexible film (140), a circuit board (150), and a timing control unit (160).

The display panel (110) includes a first substrate (111) and a second substrate (112). The first substrate (111) and the second substrate (112) have been described as being formed of glass, but may also be formed of plastic.

Gate lines, data lines, and pixels are formed on the first substrate (111). The pixels are provided in an area defined by the intersection structure of the gate lines and data lines.

Each of the pixels may include an organic light-emitting element having a thin film transistor, a first electrode, an organic light-emitting layer, and a second electrode. Each of the pixels supplies a predetermined current to the organic light-emitting element according to a data voltage of a data line when a gate signal is input from a gate line using the thin film transistor. Accordingly, the organic light-emitting element of each of the pixels can emit light with a predetermined brightness according to a predetermined current. A detailed description of the pixels will be described later with reference to FIG. 4.

The display panel (110) can be divided into a display area where pixels are formed to display an image and a non-display area where no image is displayed. Gate lines, data lines, and pixels can be formed in the display area. Gate drivers and pads can be formed in the non-display area.

The gate driver (120) supplies gate signals to the gate lines according to the gate control signal input from the timing controller (160). The gate driver (120) may be formed in a non-display area (DA) outside one side or both sides of the display area (DA) of the display panel (110) in a GIP (gate driver in panel) manner. Alternatively, the gate driver (120) may be manufactured as a driving chip, mounted on a flexible film, and attached to a non-display area (DA) outside one side or both sides of the display area (DA) of the display panel (110) in a TAB (tape automated bonding) manner.

The source drive IC (130) receives digital video data and a source control signal from the timing control unit (160). The source drive IC (130) converts digital video data into analog data voltages according to the source control signal and supplies the same to data lines. When the source drive IC (130) is manufactured as a driving chip, it can be mounted on a flexible film (140) in a COF (chip on film) or COP (chip on plastic) manner.

Pads such as data pads may be formed in the non-display area (NDA) of the display panel (110). Wires connecting the pads and the source drive IC (130) and wires connecting the pads and the wires of the circuit board (150) may be formed in the flexible film (140). The flexible film (140) is attached onto the pads using an anisotropic conducting film, thereby connecting the pads and the wires of the flexible film (140).

The circuit board (150) may be attached to the flexible films (140). The circuit board (150) may have a plurality of circuits implemented with driving chips mounted thereon. For example, a timing control unit (160) may be mounted on the circuit board (150). The circuit board (150) may be a printed circuit board or a flexible printed circuit board.

The timing control unit (160) receives digital video data and timing signals from an external system board through a cable of the circuit board (150). The timing control unit (60) generates a gate control signal for controlling the operation timing of the gate driver (120) and a source control signal for controlling the source drive ICs (130) based on the timing signal. The timing control unit (160) supplies the gate control signal to the gate driver (120) and the source control signal to the source drive ICs (130).

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing pixels of a display panel.

Referring to FIG. 7, thin film transistors (210) are formed on a first substrate (111). A buffer film may be formed on the first substrate (111) before forming the thin film transistors (210). The buffer film may be formed on the first substrate (111) to protect the thin film transistors (210) and the organic light emitting element (260) from moisture penetrating through the first substrate (111) which is vulnerable to moisture permeation. The buffer film may be formed of a plurality of inorganic films that are alternately laminated. For example, the buffer film may be formed as a multi-film in which one or more inorganic films of a silicon oxide film (SiO _x ), a silicon nitride film (SiN _x ), and SiON are alternately laminated. The buffer film may be omitted.

Thin film transistors (210) are formed on the buffer film. Each of the thin film transistors (210) includes an active layer (211), a gate electrode (212), a source electrode (213), and a drain electrode (214). In FIG. 7, the thin film transistor (210) is exemplified as being formed in a top gate manner in which the gate electrode (212) is positioned above the active layer (211), but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the thin film transistors (210) may be formed in a bottom gate manner in which the gate electrode (212) is positioned below the active layer (211), or in a double gate manner in which the gate electrode (212) is positioned above and below the active layer (211).

An active layer (211) is formed on the buffer film. The active layer (211) may be formed of a silicon-based semiconductor material or an oxide-based semiconductor material. A light-blocking layer may be formed between the buffer film and the active layer (211) to block external light incident on the active layer (211).

A gate insulating film (220) may be formed on the active layer (211). The gate insulating film (220) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon oxide film (SiO _x ), a silicon nitride film (SiN _x ), or a multi-film thereof.

A gate electrode (212) and a gate line may be formed on the gate insulating film (220). The gate electrode (212) and the gate line may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

An interlayer insulating film (230) may be formed on the gate electrode (212) and the gate line. The interlayer insulating film (230) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon oxide film (SiO _x ), a silicon nitride film (SiN _x ), or a multi-film thereof.

A source electrode (213), a drain electrode (214), and a data line may be formed on the interlayer insulating film (230). Each of the source electrode (213) and the drain electrode (214) may be connected to the active layer (211) through a contact hole penetrating the gate insulating film (220) and the interlayer insulating film (230). The source electrode (213), the drain electrode (214), and the data line may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

A protective film (240) for insulating the thin film transistor (210) may be formed on the source electrode (223), the drain electrode (224), and the data line. The protective film (240) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon oxide film (SiO _x ), a silicon nitride film (SiN _x ), or a multi-film thereof.

A planarization film (250) may be formed on the protective film (240) to level the step caused by the thin film transistor (210). The planarization film (250) may be formed of an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

An organic light-emitting element (260) and a bank (270) are formed on a flat film (250). The organic light-emitting element (260) includes a first electrode (261), an organic light-emitting layer (262), and a second electrode (263). The first electrode (261) may be an anode electrode, and the second electrode (263) may be a cathode electrode.

The first electrode (261) may be formed on the planarization film (250). The first electrode (261) is connected to the source electrode (223) of the thin film transistor (210) through a contact hole penetrating the protective film (240) and the planarization film (250). In the case of a top-emitting method in which each of the pixels (P) outputs light toward the second substrate (112), the first electrode (261) may be formed of a metal material having a high reflectivity, such as a laminated structure of aluminum and titanium (Ti/Al/Ti), a laminated structure of aluminum and ITO (ITO/Al/ITO), an APC alloy, and a laminated structure of an APC alloy and ITO (ITO/APC/ITO). The APC alloy is an alloy of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu).

The bank (270) can be formed to cover the edge of the first electrode (261) on the planarization film (250) to define pixels (P). That is, the bank (270) serves as a pixel definition film that defines pixels (P).

Each of the pixels (P) is a region in which a first electrode (261) corresponding to an anode electrode, an organic light-emitting layer (262), and a second electrode (263) corresponding to a cathode electrode are sequentially laminated, and holes from the first electrode (261) and electrons from the second electrode (263) are combined with each other in the organic light-emitting layer (262) to emit light. In this case, the region in which the bank (270) is formed does not emit light and can therefore be defined as a non-light-emitting region.

The bank (270) can be formed of an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

An organic light-emitting layer (262) is formed on the first electrode (261) and the bank (270). The organic light-emitting layer (262) is a common layer formed in common on the pixels (P) and may be a white light-emitting layer that emits white light. In this case, the organic light-emitting layer (262) may be deposited using an open mask in which an opening is formed over the entire display area.

When the organic light-emitting layer (262) is formed as a common layer that emits white light, it may be formed in a tandem structure of two or more stacks. Each of the stacks may include a hole transporting layer, at least one light emitting layer, and an electron transporting layer.

Additionally, a charge generation layer may be formed between the stacks. The charge generation layer may include an n-type charge generation layer positioned adjacent to the lower stack, and a p-type charge generation layer formed on the n-type charge generation layer and positioned adjacent to the upper stack. The n-type charge generation layer injects electrons into the lower stack, and the p-type charge generation layer injects holes into the upper stack. The n-type charge generation layer may be an organic layer in which an alkali metal such as Li, Na, K, or Cs, or an alkaline earth metal such as Mg, Sr, Ba, or Ra is doped into an organic host material having electron transport capability. The p-type charge generation layer may be an organic layer in which an organic host material having hole transport capability is doped with a dopant.

In FIG. 5, the organic light-emitting layer (262) is exemplified as a common layer formed in common across the pixels (P) and as a white light-emitting layer that emits white light, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the organic light-emitting layer (262) may be formed for each pixel (P). In this case, the pixel (P) may include a first light-emitting layer that emits light of a first color, a second light-emitting layer that emits light of a second color, or a third light-emitting layer that emits light of a third color. As an example, the first light-emitting layer may be a red light-emitting layer that emits red light, the second light-emitting layer may be a green light-emitting layer that emits green light, and the third light-emitting layer may be a blue light-emitting layer that emits blue light. In this case, each of the first to third light-emitting layers may be deposited using a fine metal mask (FMM).

The second electrode (263) is formed on the organic light-emitting layer (262). The second electrode (263) is a common layer formed in common on the pixels (P). The second electrode (263) may be formed of a transparent metal material (TCO, Transparent Conductive Material) such as ITO or IZO that can transmit light, or a semi-transmissive metal material such as magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or an alloy of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag). When the second electrode (140) is formed of a semi-transmissive metal material, the light emission efficiency may be increased by a micro cavity. A capping layer may be formed on the second electrode (263).

A sealing film (280) is arranged on the second electrode (263). The sealing film (280) serves to prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the organic light-emitting layer (262) and the second electrode (263). The sealing film (280) may include at least one inorganic film. In addition, the sealing film (280) may further include at least one inorganic film to prevent foreign substances (particles) from penetrating the first sealing film (280) and the first inorganic film (281) and entering the organic light-emitting layer (262) and the second electrode (263). For example, the sealing film (280) may include a first inorganic film (281), an organic film (282), and a second inorganic film (283) as shown in FIG. 7.

The first inorganic film (281) is placed on the second electrode (263). The first inorganic film (281) can be formed to cover the second electrode (263).

The organic film (282) is disposed on the first inorganic film (281). The organic film (282) may be formed to a sufficient thickness to prevent the organic light-emitting layer (262) and the second electrode (263) from penetrating through the first sealing film (280) and the first inorganic film (281).

The second inorganic film (283) is disposed on the organic film (282). The second inorganic film (283) can be formed to cover the organic film (282).

Each of the first and second inorganic films (281, 283) can be formed of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide.

First to third color filters (291, 292, 293) and a black matrix (294) are provided between the first substrate (111) and the second substrate (112). The first to third color filters (291, 292, 293) and the black matrix (294) may be formed on one surface of the second substrate (112) facing the first substrate (111). Each of the first to third color filters (291, 292, 293) may be arranged to correspond to a pixel (P), and the black matrix (294) may be arranged to correspond to a bank (270). For example, the first color filter (291) may be a red color filter, the second color filter (292) may be a green color filter, and the third color filter (293) may be a blue color filter.

An engraved pattern (112a) is formed on the other side, which is the opposite side of one side of the second substrate (112). A lens layer (113) may be formed on the other side of the second substrate (112). The lens layer (113) is formed to cover the engraved pattern (112a), and the engraved pattern (112a) may be filled with the lens layer (113).

The lens layer (113) may be formed of a resin having a higher refractive index than the second substrate (112). The resin may be an ultraviolet-curable resin. When the second substrate (112) is glass, the second substrate (112) has a refractive index of 1.5, so the resin may be a material having a refractive index of 1.6 or higher. For example, the resin may be a material in which an acrylate universal monomer, a high refractive index dispersed inorganic particle, an ultraviolet photoinitiator, and an additive are mixed. The acrylate universal monomer may be a urethane acrylate universal monomer, and the high refractive index dispersed inorganic particle may be zirconia powder (ZrO ₂ ), but is not limited thereto. Therefore, the lens layer (113) may function as a lens having a predetermined refractive index depending on the shape of the negative pattern (112a). A detailed description of the lens layer (113) will be described later with reference to FIG. 8.

A polarizing plate may be attached to the lens layer (113) to prevent reflection of external light.

The sealing film (280) of the first substrate (111) and the color filters (291, 292, 293) of the second substrate (112) are bonded using an adhesive layer (290), thereby allowing the first substrate (111) and the second substrate (112) to be bonded together. The adhesive layer (290) may be a transparent adhesive resin. The second substrate (112) may be a plastic film, a glass substrate, or a sealing film (protective film).

Figure 8 is an enlarged view of area A of Figure 7.

In Fig. 8, only the black matrix (294), the second substrate (112), and the lens layer (113) are illustrated for convenience of explanation.

Referring to FIG. 8, the lens layer (113) includes a plurality of lenses (1130). Each of the plurality of lenses (1130) may be arranged to correspond to an opening. The opening is an area not covered by the black matrix (294). The pitch (PIT) of each of the plurality of lenses (1130) may be designed by the width (A) of the opening and the width (B) of the black matrix (294).

Each of the plurality of lenses (1130) includes a flat portion (1131) positioned in the center and a curved portion (1132) extending from an edge of the flat portion (1131) and having a predetermined radius of curvature (R). Since the curved portion (1132) can have a focal length (f) according to the radius of curvature (R), it can function as a lens that refracts incident light.

The flat portion (1131) may be arranged to correspond to the opening, and the curved portion (1132) may be arranged to correspond to the black matrix (294). When the width of the curved portion (1132) is defined as “a’”, the width of the flat portion (1131) may be defined as “PIT-2a’”. The width (PIT-2a’) of the flat portion (1131) may be formed to be wider than the width (a’) of the curved portion (1132), and may be formed to be narrower than the width (A) of the opening. The width (a’) of the curved portion (1132) may be formed to be wider than half (B/2) of the width (B) of the black matrix (294). In this case, the width (a') of the curvature portion (1132) can be set to the sum of half (B/2) of the width (B) of the black matrix (294) and the width (a) of the edge of the opening overlapping the focal length (f). Accordingly, the width (PIT-2a') of the flat portion (1131) can be assumed to be substantially equal to "A-2a".

The curvature portion (1132) has a focal length (f) according to the radius of curvature (R). In this case, the radius of curvature (R) of the curvature portion (1132) can be calculated as in mathematical expression 1.

In mathematical expression 1, R represents the radius of curvature of the curved portion (1132), n1 represents the refractive index of the second substrate (112), n2 represents the refractive index of the lens (1130), and f represents the focal length of the curved portion (1132). That is, the radius of curvature (R) of the curved portion (1132) can be set according to the refractive index (n2) of the second substrate (112), the refractive index (n1) of the lens (1130), and the focal length (f) of the curved portion (1132). The focal length (f) of the curved portion (1132) can be the distance from the lens (1130) to the organic light-emitting layer (262) of the pixel (P).

When the refractive index (n2) of the lens (1130) is smaller than the refractive index of the second substrate (112), the radius of curvature (R) of the curved portion (1132) has a value smaller than 0. Therefore, the refractive index (n2) of the lens (1130) is larger than the refractive index of the second substrate (112).

Additionally, mathematical expression 2 can be calculated from the focal length (f) of the curvature (1132) and the thickness (T) of the second substrate (112).

In mathematical expression 2, a represents the width of the edge of the opening overlapping the focal length (f), a' represents the width of the curvature (1132), f represents the focal length of the curvature (1132), and T represents the thickness of the second substrate (112). By rearranging mathematical expression 2, mathematical expression 3 can be derived.

In addition, the width (a') of the curvature (1132) can be set as the sum of half (B/2) of the width (B) of the black matrix (294) and the width (a) of the edge of the opening overlapping the focal length (f), as in mathematical expression 4.

Using mathematical expressions 3 and 4, the width (a) of the edge of the aperture overlapping the focal length (f) can be calculated as in mathematical expression 5.

When the width (a) of the edge of the aperture overlapping with the focal length (f) calculated by mathematical expression 5 is substituted into mathematical expression 3 or mathematical expression 4, the width (a') of the curvature (1132) can be calculated as in mathematical expression 6.

As in mathematical expression 6, the width (a') of the curved portion (1132) can be set according to the width (B) of the black matrix (294), the thickness (T) of the second substrate (112), and the focal length (f) of the curved portion (1132).

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention sets the radius of curvature (R) of the curvature (1132) according to the refractive index (n2) of the second substrate (112), the refractive index (n1) of the lens (1130), and the focal length (f) of the curvature (1132) as in mathematical expression 1. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention sets the width (a') of the curvature (1132) according to the width (B) of the black matrix (294), the thickness (T) of the second substrate (112), and the focal length (f) of the curvature (1132) as in mathematical expression 6. As a result, the embodiment of the present invention can refract light (L) from a pixel (P) that passes through an opening to the curvature (1132) of the lens (1130) by the radius of curvature (R) of the curvature (1132) and emit light upward. That is, the embodiment of the present invention can extend the light from the pixel (P) to the area where the black matrix (294) is formed and emit the light. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the black matrix (294) from being recognized by the user, as shown in FIG. 9.

Fig. 10 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a second substrate including a lens layer. Figs. 11a to 11e are drawings for explaining a method for manufacturing a second substrate including a lens layer.

Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing a second substrate including a lens layer will be described in detail by linking FIG. 10 and FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e. In FIG. 10 and FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e, it is exemplified that the second substrate (112) is a glass substrate.

First, a metal layer (ML) is deposited on one surface of the second substrate (112) as shown in Fig. 11a. The metal layer (ML) may be molybdenum (Mo), and it is preferable to deposit it to approximately 2000 Å. The thickness of the metal layer (ML) can be set in consideration of the thickness of the engraved patterns (112a). (S101 of Fig. 10)

Second, as shown in Fig. 11b, a mask (M) is placed on a metal layer (ML) and a part of the metal layer (ML) is exposed to UV to form a metal pattern (MP). (S102 in Fig. 11)

Thirdly, the second substrate (112) on which the metal pattern (MP) is formed, as shown in Fig. 11c, is etched using a gas such as hydrofluoric acid (HF). As a result, an engraved pattern (112a) can be formed on one side of the second substrate (112) on which the metal pattern (MP) is not formed. (S103 of Fig. 11)

Fourth, the metal pattern (MP) remaining on one side of the second substrate (112) is removed as shown in Fig. 11d. (S104 of Fig. 11)

Fifthly, a lens layer (113) is formed by applying resin on one surface of the second substrate (112) as shown in Fig. 11e.

The resin may be an ultraviolet curable resin. In addition, the resin may have a higher refractive index than the second substrate (112). When the second substrate (112) is glass, the second substrate (112) has a refractive index of 1.5, so the resin may be a material having a refractive index of 1.6 or higher. For example, the resin may be a material in which an acrylate universal monomer, a high refractive index dispersed inorganic particle, an ultraviolet photoinitiator, and an additive are mixed. The acrylate universal monomer may be a urethane acrylate universal monomer, and the high refractive index dispersed inorganic particle may be zirconia powder (ZrO ₂ ), but is not limited thereto. The lens layer (113) may function as a lens having a predetermined refractive index depending on the shape of the engraved pattern (112a). (S105 of FIG. 11)

Meanwhile, if the second substrate (112) is a plastic substrate, an engraved pattern (112a) can be formed on one surface of the second substrate (112) using extrusion molding or press molding.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain it, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all aspects and not restrictive. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the claims, and all technical ideas within a scope equivalent thereto should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the rights of the present invention.

10: Head-mounted display 20: Display module storage compartment
30: 1st eyepiece 40: 2nd eyepiece
50: 1st glass 60: 2nd glass
70: Glasses frame legs 100: Display module
110: Display panel 111: Lower board
112: Upper substrate 112a: Engraved pattern
113: Lens layer 120: Gate driver
130: Source Drive IC 140: Flexible Film
150: Circuit board 160: Timing controller
200: Concentrator lens 210: Thin film transistor
211: Active layer 212: Gate electrode
213: Source electrode 214: Drain electrode
220: Gate insulating film 230: Interlayer insulating film
240: Shield 250: 1st Flattening Shield
260: Organic light-emitting device 261: First electrode
262: Organic light-emitting layer 263: Second electrode
270: Bank 280: End of the envelope
281: 1st weapon membrane 282: Organic membrane
283: Secondary weapon layer 290: Adhesive layer
291, 292, 293: Color filter 294: Black matrix
300: Transmitting Reflector 1130: Lens
1131: Flat part 1132: Curved part

Claims (11)

A first substrate having a plurality of pixels;
A second substrate having an engraved pattern formed on one side;
A black matrix provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; and
A lens layer is provided that is filled in the negative pattern of the second substrate,
The above engraved pattern includes a plurality of tapered portions that protrude sharply in a direction away from the first substrate,
The above black matrix is arranged between each of the plurality of tapered portions and the first substrate,
The above lens layer comprises a plurality of lenses,
Each of the above multiple lenses,
a flat surface placed in the center; and
It includes a curved portion extending from the edge of the above flat portion and having a predetermined curvature,
When the width of the above-mentioned curved portion is "a'", the focal length of the above-mentioned curved portion is "f", the width of the above-mentioned black matrix is "B", and the thickness of the second substrate is "T",
A display module that satisfies . In paragraph 1,
A display module wherein the refractive index of the lens layer is greater than the refractive index of the second substrate. In the second paragraph,
A display module in which each of the plurality of lenses is arranged to correspond to each of the pixels. In paragraph 1,
A display module wherein the pitch of each of the plurality of lenses is equal to the sum of the width of the opening that is not covered by the black matrix and the width of the black matrix. delete In paragraph 1,
A display module characterized in that the flat portion is arranged to correspond to an opening that is not covered by the black matrix, and the curved portion is arranged to correspond to the black matrix. In paragraph 6,
A display module wherein the width of the above opening is wider than the width of the above flat portion. In paragraph 1,
A display module wherein the width of the above-mentioned curvature is wider than half the width of the above-mentioned black matrix. In paragraph 1,
When the radius of curvature of the above-mentioned curved portion is “R”, the focal length of the above-mentioned curved portion is “f”, the refractive index of the second substrate is “n1”, and the refractive index of the lens layer is “n2”,

A display module that satisfies . delete eyepiece; and
Equipped with a display module that provides an image to the above eyepiece,
The above display module,
A first substrate having a plurality of pixels;
A second substrate having an engraved pattern formed on one side;
A black matrix provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; and
Including a lens layer filled in the negative pattern of the second substrate,
The above engraved pattern includes a plurality of tapered portions that protrude sharply in a direction away from the first substrate,
The above black matrix is arranged between each of the plurality of tapered portions and the first substrate,
The above lens layer comprises a plurality of lenses,
Each of the above multiple lenses,
a flat surface placed in the center; and
It includes a curved portion extending from the edge of the above flat portion and having a predetermined curvature,
When the width of the above-mentioned curved portion is "a'", the focal length of the above-mentioned curved portion is "f", the width of the above-mentioned black matrix is "B", and the thickness of the second substrate is "T",
A head-mounted display device satisfying the following.

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