KR101251350B1 - Fod monitoring system using thermal sensing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a FOD monitoring system using heat sensing which minimizes FOD detection errors according to weather conditions, minimizes the time required for FOD detection, does not interfere with takeoff and landing of an aircraft, and enables fast and accurate detection. To this end, the present invention is provided in one region of the runway, a scan control module for controlling the scanner to irradiate one area of the runway by controlling the scanner irradiating any one of the infrared ray and laser to one area of the runway, A predetermined temperature response value for one of a FOD radar that scans the runway with a narrow beam to detect the frequency response value of the runway, an infrared ray irradiated by a scan control module, and a laser, and a reference hourly temperature response A response value determination module for obtaining a change amount of a value, and a frequency response value detected by the FOD radar, a material-specific temperature data about the change amount of the temperature response value, and a frequency response value, and positioned on the runway It may be configured to include a FOD detection module for detecting the FOD.

Description

FOD monitoring system using thermal sensing method

The present invention relates to a FOD system, and more particularly, to minimize the influence of the external environment such as the weather by using heat sensing, and to accurately detect the FOD of metal or non-metal material to prevent the air accident in advance. The FOD system used.

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) are located on runways and refer to various obstacles that threaten metal debris, aircraft debris, rocks, tools, and other aircraft takeoffs and landings. Among the aircraft using the runway, the FOD flowing into the inlet of the jet engine may cause the engine to be damaged, and various types of FODs located on the runway may damage the fuselage of the aircraft when the aircraft takes off and lands. There is a risk of adding. In fact, at Vancouver Airport in Canada, the engine cover of the aircraft was left on the runway for several hours, and another aircraft used the runway with the engine cover.In the same year, at the Paris de Gaulle airport, the Concorde crashed due to the FOD. have. As such, runway FODs pose a serious threat to the safe operation of aircraft. Accordingly, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommends that the runway be inspected four times a day at six-hour intervals, and the Federal Aviation Administrator (FAA) has proposed the introduction of radar equipment for FOD surveillance.

As a result, many airports use radar to detect FODs on runways. In Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2008-0004601, a method of detecting a presence of an object has been proposed after scanning a runway at a high frequency and comparing the detected information with scan information when there is no object. Patent Document 10-2008-0004601 normalizes the scanned data in order to minimize the malfunction, and minimizes the error of the FOD detection by applying the probability to the threshold value of the area suspected of the object. However, since the FOD detection method using frequency can determine whether an object exists on the runway and a rough form, it is difficult to determine whether it is a threat to the actual aircraft operation. This will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 shows a conceptual diagram for a conventional FOD detection system. Referring to FIG. 1, the conventional FOD detection system 10 scans the runway 5 by radio waves and detects objects 21 to 23 in the scan area. Here, if the object is a FOD 22 that poses a threat to the safety of the aircraft, there is no problem, but if the animal 21 moves the runway 5 or the weeds 23 around the runway, it may malfunction. There is. In the case of weeds, it may be observed to be moved by the wind, or may be judged to be a fixed object, and in the case of the animal 21, there may be a possibility of being recognized as various types of objects depending on the direction facing the FOD detection system 10. have. Moreover, when various weather conditions occur on the runway, whether it is rainy, windy or foggy, the FOD detection system 10 may misinterpret the animal 21 or weeds 23 as a FOD, and conversely the FOD 22 ) May not be detected properly. Due to these problems, airports equipped with radar for detecting FODs still use manpower to detect runways. Runway detection by manpower takes a lot of time, of course, has a problem that the take-off and landing of the aircraft is limited at the time of detecting the runway.

In addition, the detection of FOD typically uses radar and CCD surveillance cameras, and these radar and surveillance cameras complement each other. When the objects identified by the above devices are identified as FODs, the FOD elimination team is put in. However, radar has a problem of being limited to the detection of metal objects due to its excellent sensitivity to metal objects, and a CCD surveillance camera has to be identified with the naked eye.

An object of the present invention is to detect the FOD of the runway by avoiding the time of takeoff and landing of the aircraft, to minimize the errors caused by weather conditions such as fog, rain, wind, and to determine the objects located on the runway by using the temperature change fast and accurate It is to provide a FOD monitoring system using heat detection capable of FOD detection.

According to the present invention, a scan control module for controlling a scanner for irradiating one area of the runway by sequentially controlling a scanner for irradiating any one of the infrared ray and the laser to one area of the runway, to one area of the runway A predetermined reference hourly temperature response to one of a FOD radar for detecting the frequency response of the runway by scanning the runway with a narrow beam, an infrared ray irradiated by the scan control module, and a laser. A response value determination module for obtaining a value, a change amount of the temperature response value, and a frequency response value detected by the FOD radar, a material-specific temperature data for the change amount of the temperature response value, and a frequency response value. A FOD detection module for detecting a FOD located on the runway with reference.

The scan control module may sequentially scan a region of the runway and repeatedly scan the runway.

The temperature data may include temperature data for the runway, temperature data for objects around the runway, temperature data for trees around the runway, temperature data for metal materials, and temperature data for non-metal materials, and temperatures for living organisms. It is preferable to include data.

The FOD includes rocks, damaged runways, fragments of aircraft or vehicles, vehicle parts on the ground, garbage, maintenance parts, hail, volcanic ash, tools, bolts, and pieces of metal, plastics, and nonferrous metals, animals It is preferable that it is either of the plants.

It is preferable that the image control module for photographing any one of the still image and the moving image for one region on the runway.

It is preferable that the said narrow beam is a frequency of 90 Ghz-110 Ghz.

The FOD detection module preferably prioritizes the determination result of the response value determining module with respect to the FOD radar when the weather conditions are snow, rain, and fog.

It is preferable that the control tower further comprises a flight information acquisition module for obtaining take-off and landing information on the aircraft.

The scan control module preferably drives the scanner at a time when the aircraft does not take off and land on the runway with reference to the navigation information.

The temperature data is preferably defined according to seasons, times, and weather conditions.

The scan control module preferably tracks an infrared ray of a subject determined to be an animal in the FOD detection module.

It is preferable that the scan control module further comprises a movement path tracking module for determining the movement path of the target and notifying the control tower.

According to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the FOD detection error according to weather conditions, to minimize the time required for FOD detection, at this time, so as not to interfere with the takeoff and landing of the aircraft, and fast and accurate detection is possible.

1 shows a conceptual diagram for a conventional FOD detection system.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a FOD monitoring system using heat sensing according to the present invention.
3 illustrates a reference view for an example of an image acquired by a FOD radar.
4 shows a reference drawing for a temperature response value and a change amount.
5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of tracking an animal's movement path using a scanner.
6 shows a block diagram according to an embodiment of a FOD monitoring system using heat sensing.

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) referred to in the present invention includes rocks, broken runways, fragments of aircraft or vehicles, vehicle parts on the ground, garbage, maintenance parts, hail, aircraft debris, volcanic ash, tools, bolts, scrap metal, and aircraft It can refer to a variety of creatures that interfere with takeoff and landing. In addition, it may be a variety of objects that threaten the safe operation of the aircraft.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

2 shows a conceptual diagram of a FOD monitoring system 100 using heat sensing in accordance with the present invention. The FOD monitoring system 100 using thermal sensing may include a scanner 111, a camera 121, and a FOD radar 131. The scanner 111 irradiates an infrared ray or a laser to a runway, and acquires the temperature response value reflected by the runway. When the scanner 111 irradiates the runway 50 with infrared rays or a laser, the runway 50 generates heat by infrared rays or lasers, and the temperature response value at this time may have a predetermined pattern. For example, when the runway is an asphalt material, the asphalt material is heated by infrared rays (or lasers, hereinafter omitted) irradiated by the scanner 111, and the scanner 111 may obtain a temperature response value of the heated material. . If there is no FOD on the runway 50, when the scanner 111 irradiates infrared rays on the runway 50, a temperature response value in each region may be obtained. The scanner 111 may sequentially scan other areas based on one area of the runway 50, and one, two or more numbers may be disposed on one runway 50.

When the FOD 60 is present on the runway 50, when the scanner 111 irradiates infrared rays to the FOD 60, the temperature response value of the FOD 60 may be different from the temperature response value of the runway 50. have. For example, when the FOD 60 is aluminum debris, a temperature which is easily heated by infrared rays irradiated by the scanner 111 and rises per unit time (for example, several tens of ms to 1 second) is different from the rising temperature of the runway 50. Can be. As the metal material is more easily heated by infrared rays, the temperature rise is large, and in the case of asphalt, the temperature rise is small, so that the FOD 60 located on the runway 50 may be identified as an object that is different from the runway 50.

On the other hand, the FOD 60 may have various temperature response values depending on the material.

When irradiating infrared rays, the change in temperature varies depending on the material of the FOD 60.

In the case of iron and aluminum, the change in temperature varies approximately 4-8 times compared with each other. In the case of iron, the temperature gradually increases, but in the case of aluminum or copper, the thermal conductivity is high and easily heated, causing a higher temperature change per unit time than iron. In the case of metal, the temperature response is high and the change in temperature response is also large.

If the FOD 60 is an animal, the surface temperature change is significantly slower than the metal material. In the case of animals, since the body absorbs heat due to moisture in the body, the temperature change is small, so the temperature response value is low and the change amount is small.

Plastics with low moisture content can show moderate temperature response and changes compared to metals and animals.

Therefore, if a change amount for each material, a temperature response value, and a temperature response value is defined in advance, the FOD monitoring system 100 is positioned on the runway 50 through the temperature response value and the change amount detected by the scanner 111. The type of FOD can be determined.

Accordingly, the FOD monitoring system 100 using heat sensing has temperature data that defines temperature response values and changes according to seasons, temperatures, times, and climate, and uses the FOD 60 to be located on the runway 50. ) Material can be judged.

Temperature data should be defined differently by season. In spring, summer, autumn, and winter, the temperature response value of infrared rays irradiated by the scanner 111 is different depending on the ambient temperature. Even in the same season, the morning temperature and the afternoon temperature are different. Should be defined.

In addition, when it rains, snows, or fogs, the temperature response value and the amount of change of the FOD 60 tend to be low, so the temperature data needs to be defined according to the weather conditions. For example, the temperature data may be defined according to rainfall, defined by the distance of view due to fog, or separately according to the snow amount of snow. In addition, temperature data can also be defined according to wind speed (wind strength). The wind speed can lower the surface temperature of the FOD 60 more quickly, and the temperature data is preferably defined for each when the wind speed is 0 m / s, 2 m / s, 5 m / s.

Meanwhile, when the FOD 60 is an animal, the scanner 111 may track infrared rays emitted from the FOD 60. In order to track the movement path of an animal such as a bird, a cat, a dog, and other wildlife, the scanner 111 continues in real time where the infrared of the FOD 60 detected as an animal is detected. Can be traced. The movement path of the FOD 60 may be referred to later in runway monitoring and management.

The camera 121 captures a still image or a moving image of the monitoring section of the runway 50. The camera 121 provides the captured image (still image or video) to the control tower or the FOD monitoring system 100 using heat sensing, and a management agent is assigned to the FOD monitoring system 100 using thermal sensing. If so, the management personnel to observe the runway 50 state by using the image of the camera 121. Since the camera 121 should be able to observe the entire area of the runway 50, it should be rotatably installed and should be able to face the desired place by the management personnel.

The FOD radar 131 scanning the runway 50 by using a narrow beam may be disposed near the runway 50. The FOD radar 131 projects the frequency of the 90 to 110 Gigabyte band on the runway 50, and can identify the FOD using the radio wave reflectance of the runway 50. The FOD radar 131 is effective when the weather is good, for example, when there is no snow or rain, and has an advantage of less influence by the ambient temperature when detecting the FOD. Since the FOD radar 131 projects a high frequency narrow beam, it should be stopped when the aircraft enters the runway 50, and preferably not used when a person is on the runway 50. The FOD radar may be a two-dimensional radar for morphological identification or a three-dimensional radar for representing three-dimensional, and the size of the FOD can be determined, but the material of the FOD 60 cannot be determined. The material of the FOD 60 may be determined only by the scanner 111.

The FOD monitoring system 100 using heat sensing is connected to the scanner 111, the FOD radar 131, and the camera 121 by wire or wirelessly, and the information obtained through the devices 111, 121, and 131 is provided. Determining whether the FOD (60) is present on the runway (50) with reference to, and when the FOD (60) is present, by determining the material of the FOD (60), the FOD (60) that is a threat to the aircraft operation Determine whether or not. As a result of the determination, in the case of the FOD threatening the operation of the aircraft, the control tower may notify the position, material, and size of the FOD 60.

3 illustrates a reference view of an example of an image acquired by the FOD radar 131.

3 is an image when the FOD radar 131 is a two-dimensional radar, the FOD radar 131 projects a narrow beam at a 120 degree angle, the frequency response that the projected narrow beam is reflected on the runway 50 It is constructed using values. In Fig. 3, reference numeral 5 denotes a pattern in which the runway 50 is cut by the aircraft tire. As such, in order to shape the minute difference of the frequency response value into the image, the FOD radar 131 has a characteristic that the projected frequency band becomes high because the high frequency band should be projected on the narrow runway 50.

4 shows a reference drawing for a temperature response value and a change amount.

Referring to FIG. 4, when the scanner 111 irradiates infrared rays onto the runway 50, when the FOD 60 does not exist on the runway 50, the temperature response value reflected by the runway 50 is 30.5 degrees. , 31 degrees, and 31.5 degrees will be described.

The scanner 111 may irradiate infrared rays toward the runway 50 at preset reference times (for example, tens of ms to several seconds) t1, t2, and t3. If the temperature response values detected for each reference time t1, t2, t3 in the runway 50 are 30.5 degrees, 31 degrees, and 31.5, respectively, the amount of change per reference time may be defined as 0.5 degrees. That is, the temperature response values of t1, t2, and t3 are 31 degrees to 31.5 degrees, and the amount of change corresponds to 0.5 degrees.

On the other hand, when the FOD 60 is present on the runway 50 and the infrared is irradiated to the FOD 60, it is assumed that the temperature response values are 32, 33, and 34 degrees for each reference time t1, t2, t3, respectively. Since the temperature response value when the runway 50 is scanned and the amount of change are also different, the FOD monitoring system 100 using heat sensing may immediately recognize the presence of the FOD 60 on the runway 50. In addition, referring to the temperature table according to weather conditions, seasons, and times, the material of the FOD 60 located on the runway 50 may be determined. That is, by using the reaction temperature (temperature response value) and the change in the reaction temperature according to the time change, it is possible to determine the type of FOD present on the runway 50.

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of tracking the movement path of an animal using the scanner 111.

Referring to FIG. 5, the scanner 111 may track infrared rays generated from the FOD 60 moving with a constant temperature when observing the moving FOD 60 having a constant temperature on the runway 50. Assuming that FOD 60 moves to A, B, and C on runway 50, if FOD 60 is located in areas A and B, it may pose a threat to aircraft safety. In this case, it may be determined that the animal leaves the runway 50. When the animal is located on the runway 50, it may be disturbed in takeoff and landing of the aircraft, but in the case of a movement route outside the runway 50, the animal may not be disturbed in takeoff and landing of the aircraft. To this end, the scanner 111 is preferably set to the scan range to scan not only the runway 50, but also the area spaced apart from the runway 50 by a predetermined distance (for example, several meters to 100 meters).

6 shows a block diagram according to an embodiment of a FOD monitoring system using heat sensing.

Referring to FIG. 5, the FOD system 100 using heat sensing may include a scan control module 110, an image control module 120, a radar control module 130, a response value determination module 140, and a FOD detection module 150. ), A database 160, a flight information acquisition module 170, and a movement route tracking module 180.

The scan control module 110 controls the scanner 111 with respect to the allocated area of all the areas of the runway 50 so that the scanner sequentially scans the runway 50. The scan control module 110 sequentially irradiates infrared rays from one side of the allocated area toward the other side, and repeatedly irradiates infrared rays for accurate FOD 60 detection, or controls to irradiate repeatedly after sequential irradiation. Can be. In addition, the scan control module 110 may scan the area desired by the management personnel according to the needs of the management personnel. In this case, the management personnel may arbitrarily set the scan area of the scanner 111 to examine the area in detail.

The scan control module 110 may be connected to the scanner 111 through a wireless network or a wired network. In addition, the scan control module 110 may irradiate infrared rays toward the runway 50 from the scanner 111, obtain an obtained temperature response value, and provide the result to the response value determination module 140.

The response value determination module 140 determines the presence or absence of the FOD 60 and the material of the FOD 60 with reference to the temperature table provided in the database 160. The response value determination module 140 obtains a temperature table in which the temperature response value and the change amount are defined for each material in the database 160 according to weather conditions, seasons, and times, and then obtains the temperature response value obtained in the scan control module 110. And change amount. As a result of the comparison, the same or the most similar temperature response value and the change amount may be determined as the material of the FOD 60, and the determination result may be provided to the FOD detection module 150.

The image control module 120 is connected to the camera 121 by wire or wireless network, and stores the image signal acquired through the camera 121 in the database 160. In addition, the image control module 120 may arbitrarily change the imaging position of the camera 121 under the control of the management personnel so that the management personnel can search for the suspected area.

The radar control module 130 is connected to the FOD radar 131 disposed adjacent to the runway 50 by wire or wireless network to receive the detection result of the FOD radar 131, and analyze the image of the received detection result. Then, the shape of the reflected radio wave is shaped into an image. A schematic shape of the FOD 60 may be grasped through the shaped image, and the grasped shape may be provided to the FOD detection module 150.

The FOD detection module 150 synthesizes the result detected by the response value determination module 140 and the result detected by the FOD radar 130, and finally determines the presence or absence of the FOD 60 and the material of the FOD. . The determination result can be provided to the control tower and used for aircraft control.

FOD detection module 150,

1) When the response value determination module 140 and the FOD radar 130 notify FOD detection in the same manner, it is determined that the FOD 60 exists on the runway 50, or

2) When the FOD radar 130 is determined indefinitely, and the response value determination module 140 notifies the detection of the FOD, weights are determined according to the existing determination results of the response value determination module 140 and the FOD radar 130. Determine the presence or absence of the FOD (60),

3) When the weather conditions are good, that is, when there is no rain, snow, fog, prioritize the determination result of the FOD radar 130, when the weather conditions are not good, the response value determination module 140 The decision can be made by giving priority to the decision result.

The flight information acquisition module 170 performs data communication with the control tower using wired or wireless communication, and time information about the time when the aircraft uses the runway 50 and the time to maintain the runway 50 through the control tower. Acquire it. The scan control module 110 and the radar control module 130 may limit the driving of the scanner 111 and the FOD radar 131, respectively, according to the time information acquired by the flight information acquisition module 170. For example, when the aircraft takes off or lands using the runway 50, the FOD radar 131 does not operate or the scanner does not operate, thereby preventing a malfunction of an aircraft equipped with sensitive electronic devices. have.

The movement path tracking module 180 determines that the FOD 60 is an animal when the FOD 60 detected by the scanner 111 has a constant temperature (for example, 20 degrees to 40 degrees), and moves. The movement route of 60) is determined.

If the FOD 60 is an animal, it should be determined whether the movement path of the FOD 60 is formed in the runway 50 or is directed out of the runway 50. If it is determined that the movement path of the FOD 60 that is identified as an animal is formed in the runway 50, the movement path of the FOD 60 may be guided to the outside of the runway 50 by using sound, or the control tower may be notified. . When the FOD 60 is an animal, the movement path tracking module 180 may request the tracking of the FOD 60 to the scan control module 110, and the scan control module 110 controls the scanner 111. The scanner 111 may instruct to track the infrared radiation emitted from the FOD 60. In this case, the scanner 111 irradiates infrared rays with the FOD 60 and instead of receiving the response value, the scanner 111 senses the infrared rays emitted from the FOD 60 to determine a coordinate value for determining the movement path of the FOD 60. The scan control module 110 may be provided to the scan control module 110, and the scan control module 110 may provide the coordinate values acquired by the scanner 111 to the movement path tracking module 180.

110: scan control module 120: image control module
130: radar control module 140: response value determination module
150: FOD detection module 160: database
170: flight information acquisition module

Claims (12)

A scan control module that controls a scanner to irradiate one of the runway with infrared light and a laser to sequentially irradiate one area of the runway;
A FOD radar provided in one region of the runway, the FOD radar detecting a frequency response of the runway by scanning the runway with a narrow beam;
A response value determining module for obtaining a predetermined reference temperature response value per hour, a change amount of the temperature response value, and a frequency response value detected by the FOD radar for one of the infrared rays irradiated by the scan control module and the laser; And
A FOD detection module comprising: a FOD detection module for detecting a FOD located on the runway with reference to any one of material temperature data and a frequency response value of the change amount of the temperature response value; Foreign Object Debris) Surveillance System. The method of claim 1,
The scan control module,
The FOD monitoring system using heat detection, characterized in that the sequential scan is performed for one area of the runway, and repeatedly scanned for the runway. The method of claim 1,
The temperature data is,
FOD using heat sensing, comprising temperature data for the runway, temperature data for objects around the runway, temperature data for trees around the runway, temperature data for metal materials, and temperature data for non-metal materials Surveillance system. The method of claim 1,
The FOD is,
Any of rock, damaged runway, aircraft or vehicle debris, ground vehicle parts, garbage, maintenance parts, hail, volcanic ash, tools, bolts, and pieces of metal, plastics, nonferrous metals, animals, plants FOD monitoring system using heat detection, characterized in that the. The method of claim 1,
And an image control module for capturing any one of a still image and a moving image with respect to a region on the runway. The method of claim 1,
The narrow beam is,
FOD monitoring system using heat detection, characterized in that the frequency of 90 Ghz ~ 110 Ghz. The method of claim 1,
The FOD detection module,
When the weather conditions are snow, rain, and fog, the FOD monitoring system using the heat detection, characterized in that prioritizing the determination result of the response value determination module for the FOD radar. The method of claim 1,
FOD monitoring system using heat detection, further comprising a; flight information acquisition module for obtaining take-off and landing information on the aircraft in the control tower. 9. The method of claim 8,
The scan control module,
The FOD monitoring system using the heat detection, characterized in that for driving the scanner in a time when the aircraft does not take off and landing on the runway with reference to the navigation information. The method of claim 1,
The temperature data is,
FOD monitoring system using heat detection, characterized by the season, time, and weather conditions. The method of claim 1,
The scan control module,
The FOD monitoring system using heat detection, characterized in that the FOD detection module to track the infrared ray of the object determined to be an animal. The method of claim 11,
And a movement path tracking module for determining a movement path of the target and notifying the control tower through the scan control module.

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