KR101203232B1 - 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 - Google Patents
이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101203232B1 KR101203232B1 KR1020120070859A KR20120070859A KR101203232B1 KR 101203232 B1 KR101203232 B1 KR 101203232B1 KR 1020120070859 A KR1020120070859 A KR 1020120070859A KR 20120070859 A KR20120070859 A KR 20120070859A KR 101203232 B1 KR101203232 B1 KR 101203232B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
- G01C21/206—Instruments for performing navigational calculations specially adapted for indoor navigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0252—Radio frequency fingerprinting
- G01S5/02521—Radio frequency fingerprinting using a radio-map
- G01S5/02524—Creating or updating the radio-map
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/02—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves
- G01S11/06—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves using intensity measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
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- Y10S707/99937—Sorting
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 확률 컴포넌트의 프로세스들의 순서도.
도 3a는 시스템을 셋업한 사람에 의해 그려진 평면도에서 저밀도 노드들을 그래픽적으로 표현한 도면.
도 3b는 평면도에서 저밀도 노드들에 자동으로 추가된 고밀도 노드들을 그래픽적으로 표현한 도면.
도 3c는 본 발명의 데이터 수집 시스템에 의해 제공된, 신호 강도 판독(readings)을 획득하는데 사용된 평면도의 교정 노드들을 그래픽적으로 표현한 도면.
도 4는 본 아키텍처의 컴퓨터 드로잉 또는 매핑 프로그램에 의해 사용되기 위한 저밀도 노드들 및 고밀도 노드들을 설정하기 위한 프로세스의 순서도.
도 5a는 시간에 따른 장치의 이동 여부에 대한 생 비평활화 이후 확률들(raw unsmoothed a posteriori probabilities)을 도시한 도면.
도 5b는 시간에 따른 장치의 이동 여부에 대한 평활화 이후 확률들(smoothed a posteriori probabilities)을 도시한 도면.
도 5c는 도 5a 및 도 5b와 관련된 장치의 실제 이동 상태를 도시한 도면.
도 6은 장치의 동적 상태를 결정하는데 사용된 2상 마르코프 모델(2-state Markov model)의 상태도.
도 7은 정지 경우 및 이동 경우에 대한 편차(variance)들의 히스토그램.
도 8은 본 발명에 따라 사용된 사람 걷기 속도들의 종래의 분포를 도시한 도면.
도 9는 교정 데이터의 신호 강도 로깅을 용이하게 하기 위한 데이터 수집 프로그램의 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스의 스크린샷.
도 10은 본 아키텍처를 실행하기 위해 동작할 수 있는 컴퓨터의 블록도.
도 11은 본 발명에 따른 일례의 컴퓨팅 환경의 개략 블록도.
104 : 신호 강도 106 : 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트
108 : 예상 로케이션 값 600 : 2상 마르코프 모델
602 : 이동 상태 604 : 정지 상태
900 : 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스
Claims (17)
- 무선 장치의 로케이팅(locating)을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템으로서,
특정 지역 내의 식별된 로케이션들을 하나 이상의 로케이션 노드들에 매핑하고, 상기 특정 지역의 그래픽 표현을 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스에 디스플레이하는 컴퓨터-베이스 매핑 컴포넌트(computer-based mapping component);
신호 강도를 측정하고 상기 하나 이상의 로케이션 노드들에 관련된 신호 강도 데이터를 저장하는 측정 컴포넌트; 및
소정의 한 쌍의 로케이션 노드들 간에, 상기 특정 지역과 연관된 적어도 부분적으로 경로 제약들의 함수로서 상기 무선 장치와 연관된 전이 확률을 자동으로 산출하고,
상기 신호 강도 데이터를 근거로 한 회귀 함수(regression function)를 사용하여 상기 무선 장치의 로케이션을 결정하는 것, 및 특정 시간 간격에 따른 상기 신호 강도 데이터의 편차를 적어도 부분적으로 측정함으로써 상기 무선 장치의 이동을 결정하는 것 중 적어도 하나를 행하는 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트 - 상기 회귀 함수는 상기 신호 강도 데이터를 근거로 하여 새로운 로케이션들을 추정함 -
를 포함하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는 상기 무선 장치가 상기 식별된 로케이션들로 이동할 수 있는 가능한 경로들의 표현을 제공하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는 상기 무선 장치가 이동할 수 있는 모든 식별된 로케이션들, 및 상기 무선 장치가 상기 식별된 로케이션들로 이동할 수 있는 가능한 경로들의 그래픽 표현을 제공하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는 인접 로케이션 노드들 및 비인접 로케이션 노드들에 에지 웨이트(edge weights)들을 할당하는 기능을 제공하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는 상기 식별된 로케이션들로의 경로들을 표현하고 각각의 경로의 엔드포인트(endpoint)를 로케이션 노드(location node)의 한 타입인 엔드 노드(end node)로 자동으로 변환하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는 선정된 공간 기준에 따라 이전에 위치된 로케이션 노드들 중에 하나 이상의 중간 로케이션 노드를 자동으로 분산시키는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 무선 장치의 예상 속도는 사람 보행 속도들의 확률 분포에 대한 고려, 및 상기 무선 장치가 이동 중인지의 여부에 대한 추론을 근거로 하여 계산되는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 매핑 컴포넌트는, 두 개의 대응되는 식별된 로케이션들 간의 물리적 장벽을 고려하는 제약-민감 경로-계획 알고리즘을 근거로 하여, 상기 로케이션 노드들 중 두 로케이션 노드들 간의 최단 경로를 유도하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 측정 컴포넌트는 상기 식별된 로케이션들을 포함하는 지역 도처에 배치된 네트워크로 연결된 송신 장치들의 신호 강도들을 측정하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트는 각각의 로케이션 노드에서 수신된 신호 강도들을 근거로 하여 로케이션 노드들 각각에 대한 관측 확률을 산출하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트는 경로 제약, 이동 확률 데이터, 및 속도 분포 데이터를 사용하여 전이 확률 데이터를 자동으로 산출하고 상기 로케이션 노드들과 연관시키는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트는 관측된 신호 강도들의 모든 집합에 대해 모든 로케이션 노드들에 대한 확률 분포를 산출하기 위해 비터비 알고리즘을 사용하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 회귀 함수는 상기 로케이션 노드들의 확률 분포를 새로운 로케이션들로 확장하는 보간 함수인, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트는 측정된 신호 특성들의 히스토리에 관련하여 식별된 로케이션들 간의 모든 가능한 경로들에 걸쳐 최적화하기 위해 최대-가능성 디코딩 알고리즘을 사용하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 확률 프로세싱 컴포넌트는 최대 강도 신호를 가지는 무선 송신기를 감지함으로써 무선 송신기의 신호 강도의 편차를 양적으로 포착하고, 시간에 따른 최대 강도 신호의 편차를 계산하는, 무선 장치의 로케이팅을 용이하게 하는 로케이션 시스템.
- 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스에 특정 지역의 그래픽 표현을 디스플레이하기 위한 수단;
무선 장치와 연관되고 상기 특정 지역 내에 위치된 식별된 로케이션들과 관련된 신호 특성들을 측정하기 위한 수단;
상기 무선 장치의 이동 추론을 결정하기 위한 수단; 및
상기 특정 지역과 연관된 경로 제약, 상기 이동 추론, 및 상기 무선 장치와 연관된 상기 신호 특성들의 함수로서 전이 확률들을 근거로 하여 상기 무선 장치의 로케이션을 추정하기 위한 수단
을 포함하는, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템.
- 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 방법으로서,
그래픽 사용자 인터페이스에 지역에 대한 그래픽 표현을 제공하는 단계;
이동 장치와 연관되고 식별된 로케이션들에 관련된 신호 특성들을 평가하는 단계;
시간에 따른 상기 신호 특성들의 편차를 근거로 하여 상기 이동 장치의 이동 추론을 계산하기 위해 확률 데이터를 사용하는 단계; 및
상기 지역과 연관된 경로 제약, 상기 이동 추론, 및 상기 이동 장치와 연관된 신호 특성들의 함수로서 전이 확률을 근거로 하여 상기 이동 장치의 로케이션을 추정하는 단계
를 포함하는, 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 방법.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/610,190 US7250907B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2003-06-30 | System and methods for determining the location dynamics of a portable computing device |
| US10/610,190 | 2003-06-30 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020040039000A Division KR101292870B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2004-05-31 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20120093115A KR20120093115A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
| KR101203232B1 true KR101203232B1 (ko) | 2012-11-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020040039000A Expired - Fee Related KR101292870B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2004-05-31 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
| KR1020120070845A Expired - Fee Related KR101203228B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
| KR1020120070870A Expired - Fee Related KR101203261B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
| KR1020120070859A Expired - Fee Related KR101203232B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| KR1020040039000A Expired - Fee Related KR101292870B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2004-05-31 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
| KR1020120070845A Expired - Fee Related KR101203228B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
| KR1020120070870A Expired - Fee Related KR101203261B1 (ko) | 2003-06-30 | 2012-06-29 | 이동 장치의 로케이션 역학을 결정하는 시스템 및 방법, 이동 장치를 추적하는 것을 용이하게 하는 머신 구현 시스템, 무선 장치 로케이션 시스템, 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 기록 매체 |
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| US (4) | US7250907B2 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP1494397B1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP5165181B2 (ko) |
| KR (4) | KR101292870B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN1578530B (ko) |
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| CN1578530A (zh) | 2005-02-09 |
| US20050270236A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| EP1494397A3 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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| US7053830B2 (en) | 2006-05-30 |
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| US20050258957A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
| US7250907B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
| US20050270235A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| CN1578530B (zh) | 2012-04-18 |
| JP5165181B2 (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
| KR20120093114A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
| JP2005024540A (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
| US20040263388A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
| EP1494397A2 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
| US7532113B2 (en) | 2009-05-12 |
| US7199754B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
| KR20120093116A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
| KR101292870B1 (ko) | 2013-08-02 |
| EP1494397B1 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| KR20120093115A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
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