KR100810556B1 - Rainwater Runoff Treatment System Using Soil and Vegetation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rainwater effluent treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation that can effectively remove the organic nutrients, heavy metals, etc. contained in non-point pollutants to minimize pollution of public waters such as rivers,

Rainwater runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to the present invention is a second drainage layer, fine grain soil layer, the first drainage layer, granulated soil layer and humus soil layer is sequentially stacked and the vegetation is formed on the humus soil layer, the humus soil layer of the vegetation It supplies nutrients required for growth and filters and adsorbs suspended solids and heavy metals in rainfall effluent, respectively, and the vegetation absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus present in the humus layer and contaminates through metabolic activity of surface microorganisms. Is a biologically decomposed, and the granulated soil layer is a mixture of sand, silt and clay in a specific ratio, and through the biological reaction including nitrification while physically filtering the suspended solids not removed from the humus layer. Serves to remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, the fine soil Serves to remove nitrate nitrogen through biological denitrification while simultaneously removing contaminants in a water-soluble state not removed from the humus and granulated soil layers through adsorption, sedimentation and infiltration into soil. And a second drainage layer having first and second outflow pipes to discharge the rainfall effluent flowing from the granulated soil layer and the fine-grained soil layer, respectively, and a pretreatment part is provided at one side of the corroded soil layer. Composed of a combination of the discharge portion and the inclined plate provided between the inlet and the discharge portion, and serves to remove the solids and contaminants contained in the rainfall effluent not introduced into the soil layer by sedimentation by using the inclined plate. It is characterized by.

Description

Water treatment equipment for purifying the polluted water including the storm water runoff using soil and vegetation}

1 is a perspective view of a rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1.

Description of the main parts of the drawing

101: humus soil layer 101a: vegetation

102: assembled soil layer 103: first drainage layer

103a: first outflow pipe 104: fine grain soil layer

105: second drain layer 105a: second outlet pipe

110: preprocessor 111: inlet

112: discharge part 113: inclined plate

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating rainfall runoff using soil and vegetation, and more particularly, to effectively remove organic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, and the like contained in nonpoint pollutants, thereby minimizing pollution in public waters such as rivers. It relates to a rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation.

In general, pollutants can be divided into point pollutants emitted from a limited and limited point source such as domestic sewage, industrial waste and livestock waste, and nonpoint pollutants emitted from a wide range of nonpoint sources such as cities, roads and farmland. Can be.

In the case of point pollutants discharged from point sources, a separate purification device or wastewater treatment facility is installed in homes, factories, livestock farms, etc. to clean some of the pollutants. It remains on this unclear and extensive surface, and it is a major cause of water pollution by entering the public water or groundwater such as rivers with rainwater during rainy weather.

Non-pollutant treatment methods have recently been provided to overcome the damage of nonpoint pollutants, and methods using wetlands or reservoirs are sufficient to accommodate and clean up the initial rainfall flowing down with nonpoint pollutants from a range of nonpoint pollutants. It is very difficult to secure a place and space in the installation because it is required a relatively large scale.

Accordingly, the conventional non-point pollutant treatment method mainly uses a treatment apparatus such as a baffle treatment facility or a filtration type facility, which has relatively limited land use. However, the conventional non-point pollutant treatment device is difficult to expect a great efficiency in the removal of fine solids despite the high cost of the installation of artificial structures, and is limited to physical treatment. There is a problem that is difficult to remove.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by effectively removing the organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals and the like contained in non-point pollutants using soil and vegetation that can minimize the pollution of public waters such as rivers The purpose is to provide a rainfall runoff treatment apparatus.

Rainfall effluent treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a second drainage layer, fine grain soil layer, the first drainage layer, granulated soil layer and humus soil layer is sequentially laminated and the vegetation is formed on the humus soil layer, The humus layer provides nutrients required for the growth of the vegetation and serves to filter and adsorb suspended solids and heavy metals in the rainfall effluent, respectively, and the vegetation absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus present in the humus layer and surface microorganisms. Biologically decompose pollutants through the metabolic activity of the, the granulated soil layer is a mixture of sand, silt and clay, and physically filter the suspended solids not removed from the humus soil layer, including nitrification It removes organic matter and ammonia nitrogen through biological reaction In addition, the fine soil layer serves to remove nitrate nitrogen through biological denitrification while simultaneously removing contaminants in a water-soluble state not removed from the corrosive soil layer and the granulated soil layer through adsorption, sedimentation, and penetration into the soil. The first and second drainage layers are provided with a first outflow pipe and a second outflow pipe, respectively, to discharge rainfall effluent flowing from the assembled soil layer and the fine soil layer, respectively, and a pretreatment part is provided at one side of the corroded soil layer. The pretreatment unit includes a combination of an inlet, an outlet, and an inclined plate provided between the inlet and the outlet, and the solids and contaminants contained in the rainfall effluent not introduced into the corrosive soil layer using the inclined plate. It is characterized in that it serves to remove by settling.

The granulated soil layer is sand, silt and clay is mixed so as to have a penetration rate of 0.5 ~ 1cm / min, the fine soil layer is preferably composed of soil having a penetration rate of 0.01 ~ 0.1cm / min.

According to the characteristics of the present invention, it is possible to easily remove the environmental pollutants contained in the rainfall effluent by using the soil and vegetation, so that the filtration, adsorption, sedimentation and biodegradation by soil microorganisms and vegetation is possible. Will be.

Hereinafter, a rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a perspective view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 4 is a plan view of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA` of FIG.

1 to 3, the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation 101a according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a second drainage layer 105, a fine grain soil layer 104, a first drainage layer 103, The granulated soil layer 102 and the humus soil layer 101 are sequentially stacked, and the rainfall introduced on the humus soil layer 101 is the humus soil layer 101, the granulated soil layer 102, and the first drainage layer ( 103, the fine soil layer 104 and the second drainage layer 105 to be purified as a basic principle.

To explain the role of each layer, first, the humus layer 101 serves to supply nutrients necessary for the growth of vegetation 101a and to filter suspended solids contained in rainfall. Humic components contained in humus play the role of adsorption and removal of heavy metals such as lead, zinc and copper in rainfall runoff. Such a soil layer is preferably composed of 8 to 10cm in consideration of permeability. On the other hand, a variety of vegetation (101a) is formed on the humus soil layer 101, the vegetation (101a) is a composition that can be land plants or aquatic plants, can adapt to both dry or wet environments, and resistant to harmful substances It is preferable that the species correspond to evergreen trees having a strong and moderate growth rate. The vegetation 101a absorbs nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and phosphate in the humus layer 101 through the roots during the growth process, and biologically decomposes pollutants through metabolic activity of surface microorganisms. It plays a role.

Next, the granulated soil layer 102 is a mixture of sand, silt and clay at a predetermined ratio, and is mixed to have a penetration rate of 0.5 to 1 cm / min and has a depth of 75 to 100 cm. It is desirable to. Here, sand, silt and clay refer to soils having particle diameters of 0.05 to 2 mm, 0.002 to 0.05 mm, and 0.002 mm or less, respectively, and the penetration rate refers to the granulated soil layer 102 having rainfall runoff at a water level of 15 cm. Refers to the rate of penetration.

Through the particle diameter control of the granulated soil layer 102, the penetration rate of the rainfall runoff into the granulated soil layer 102 can be controlled, and ultimately, the treatment capacity of the rainfall runoff treatment apparatus of the present invention can be controlled. Such granulated soil layer 102 physically filters the fine suspended solids not removed from the corrosive soil layer 101 and induces other contaminants to be adsorbed to the soil, and removes ammonia nitrogen through biological nitrification. To do that.

Next, the fine soil layer 104 is composed of fine-grained soil and the mechanism of adsorption, sedimentation, infiltration, and the like into the soil of contaminated substances not removed from the humus soil layer 101 and the granulated soil layer 102. At the same time it serves to remove nitrate nitrogen through biological denitrification. The fine soil layer 104 is preferably to have a penetration rate of 0.01 ~ 0.1 cm / min through the appropriate combination of sand, silt and clay.

The particle size control of the fine soil layer 104 is meaningful in two aspects. That is, the first is to reduce the infiltration rate of the rainfall runoff and to increase the residence time in the bed to secure the time for the biological reaction can occur, and the second is to control the air permeability of the fine-grain soil layer 104 during the rainy season to occur the denitrification reaction To provide local anoxic conditions. In the fine soil layer 104, corrosive soil or sulfur (S) particles may be appropriately disposed as an external carbon source for promoting a biological denitrification reaction.

On the other hand, the upper and lower portions of the fine soil layer 104 is provided with a first drainage layer 103 and a second drainage layer 105, respectively, wherein the first and second drainage layers 103 and 105 are composed of gravel or the like. It serves to discharge the rainfall runoff water flowing from the granulated soil layer 102 and the fine-grained soil layer 104. In detail, the first outlet pipe 103a and the second outlet pipe 105a each having a predetermined diameter are provided in the first and second drainage layers 103 and 105, respectively. Rainfall runoff is drained through 103a and 105a.

As described above, it can be seen that the drainage layer is composed of two stages (first and second drainage layers 103 and 105). The reason for configuring the drainage layer in two stages is as follows. When the initial flow rate is large, the contaminated soil layer 101, the granulated soil layer 102, and the fine grain soil layer 104 are all passed through to clean up the rainfall runoff. There is no choice but to. In order to solve such a problem, the drainage layer is configured in two stages. Specifically, when the initial flow rate is large, the first drainage layer 103 is removed after the minimum contaminants are removed only through the corrosive soil layer 101 and the granulated soil layer 102. When the initial flow rate is relatively small, the contaminant is removed by passing through the second drainage layer 105 after passing through the corrugated soil layer 101 and the granulated soil layer 102 as well as the fine soil layer 104. Is maximized.

On the other hand, one side of the corrosive soil layer 101 is provided with a pretreatment unit 110, as shown in Figs. The pretreatment unit 110 serves to settle and remove solids, contaminants, and the like contained in the rainfall effluent not introduced into the corrosive soil layer 101. In detail, the inlet 111 is provided at one side of the pretreatment unit 110, and the discharge unit 112 is provided at the other side of the pretreatment unit 110, and the inclination plate 113 is repeatedly arranged at a predetermined interval in the pretreatment unit 110. do. Rainfall outflow water introduced through the inlet 111 is moved toward the outlet 112, the inclination plate 113 induces the settling of solids, contaminants, etc. in the rainfall outflow during the movement. For reference, the inclined plate 113 may be configured in the form of a net or plate.

Rainwater runoff treatment apparatus using the soil and vegetation according to the present invention has the following effects.

Soil and vegetation enable filtration, adsorption, sedimentation and biodegradation by soil microorganisms and vegetation to facilitate removal of environmental pollutants contained in rainfall runoff.

In addition, by configuring the drainage layer in two stages, even when there is a large initial flow rate such as a heavy rain, a minimum purification effect can be expected, and flooding can be reduced by effectively storing the initial flow rate.

Claims (3)

A second drainage layer, a fine soil layer, a first drainage layer, a granulated soil layer and a humus soil layer are sequentially stacked, and vegetation is formed on the humus soil layer, The humus layer provides nutrients required for the growth of the vegetation and serves to filter and adsorb suspended solids and heavy metals in the rainfall effluent, respectively, and the vegetation absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus present in the humus layer and surface microorganisms. Biodegradation of pollutants through metabolic activity of The granulated soil layer is a mixture of sand, silt and clay, and physically filters the suspended solids not removed from the corrosive soil layer, and serves to remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen through biological reactions including nitrification reactions. The fine soil layer serves to remove nitrate nitrogen through biological denitrification while simultaneously removing contaminants in a water-soluble state that are not removed from the corrosive soil layer and the granulated soil layer by adsorption, precipitation, and penetration into the soil. The first and second drainage layers are provided with a first outflow pipe and a second outflow pipe, respectively, to discharge rainfall runoff water flowing from the granulated soil layer and the fine grain soil layer, respectively. One side of the soil layer is provided with a pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit is composed of a combination of the inlet, outlet and the inclined plate provided between the inlet and outlet, which is contained in the rainfall effluent not flowed into the soil layer Rainfall effluent treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation, characterized in that the solids and contaminants are settled by using the inclined plate to remove. The rainfall runoff treatment apparatus using soil and vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the granulated soil layer is mixed with sand, silt and clay so as to have a penetration rate of 0.5 to 1 cm / min. The rainfall effluent treatment device using soil and vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the fine soil layer is composed of soil having a penetration rate of 0.01 to 0.1 cm / min.

Images