KR100814885B1 - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100814885B1 KR100814885B1 KR1020060113991A KR20060113991A KR100814885B1 KR 100814885 B1 KR100814885 B1 KR 100814885B1 KR 1020060113991 A KR1020060113991 A KR 1020060113991A KR 20060113991 A KR20060113991 A KR 20060113991A KR 100814885 B1 KR100814885 B1 KR 100814885B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- secondary battery
- lithium
- combinations
- lithium secondary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 adiponitrile lithium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LLEVMYXEJUDBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCCC#N LLEVMYXEJUDBTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FHNJQVKJJWGNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.B(O)(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.B(O)(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] FHNJQVKJJWGNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SOLCLLDHNZENJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].N#CCCC#N Chemical compound [Li].N#CCCC#N SOLCLLDHNZENJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002180 crystalline carbon material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BTNXBLUGMAMSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCCCC#N BTNXBLUGMAMSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 43
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diyne Chemical group C#CC#C LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOKHEARVIDLSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-1-ol Chemical group CC=CO DOKHEARVIDLSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N as-o-xylenol Natural products CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC=C1 SNHMUERNLJLMHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl acetate Chemical compound COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxacycloundecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCO1 GHZRKQCHJFHJPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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-
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- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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Abstract
Description
| 양극 합제 밀도(g/cc) | 전해액(부피비) | 300회 25℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 300회 45℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 전지 용량 (mAh) | |
| 비교예 1 | 3.60 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 80 | 75 | 2600 |
| 비교예 2 | 3.65 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 79 | 74 | 2620 |
| 비교예 3 | 3.70 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 77 | 72 | 2640 |
| 비교예 4 | 3.75 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 72 | 67 | 2660 |
| 비교예 5 | 3.80 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 70 | 65 | 2680 |
| 비교예 6 | 3.85 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 68 | 63 | 2700 |
| 비교예 7 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 62 | 57 | 2720 |
| 비교예 8 | 3.95 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 60 | 55 | 2740 |
| 비교예 9 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 55 | 50 | 2760 |
| 비교예 10 | 4.05 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 47 | 42 | 2780 |
| 비교예 11 | 4.10 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 43 | 38 | 2800 |
| 비교예 12 | 3.60 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 80 | 75 | 2600 |
| 비교예 13 | 3.65 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 79 | 74 | 2620 |
| 실시예 1 | 3.70 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 79 | 74 | 2640 |
| 실시예 2 | 3.75 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 78 | 73 | 2660 |
| 실시예 3 | 3.80 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 77 | 73 | 2680 |
| 실시예 4 | 3.85 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 75 | 72 | 2700 |
| 실시예 5 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 74 | 72 | 2720 |
| 실시예 6 | 3.95 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 74 | 71 | 2740 |
| 실시예 7 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 72 | 70 | 2760 |
| 실시예 8 | 4.05 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 71 | 69 | 2780 |
| 실시예 9 | 4.10 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 70 | 69 | 2800 |
| 양극 합제 밀도 (g/cc) | 전해액(부피비) | 300회 25℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 전지 용량(mAh) | |
| 비교예 7 | 3.60 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 62 | 2600 |
| 실시예 5 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 74 | 2720 |
| 실시예 10 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 0.1 중량% | 64 | 2720 |
| 실시예 11 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 0.5 중량% | 69 | 2720 |
| 실시예 12 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 2 중량% | 78 | 2720 |
| 실시예 13 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 3 중량% | 80 | 2720 |
| 실시예 14 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 5 중량% | 85 | 2720 |
| 실시예 15 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 7 중량% | 88 | 2720 |
| 실시예 16 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 10 중량% | 88 | 2720 |
| 양극 합제 밀도 (g/cc) | 전해액(부피비) | 300회 25℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 전지 용량(mAh) | |
| 비교예 9 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 55 | 2760 |
| 실시예 7 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 1 중량% | 72 | 2760 |
| 실시예 17 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 0.1 중량% | 60 | 2760 |
| 실시예 18 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 0.5 중량% | 65 | 2760 |
| 실시예 19 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 2 중량% | 75 | 2760 |
| 실시예 20 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 3 중량% | 78 | 2760 |
| 실시예 21 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 5 중량% | 80 | 2760 |
| 실시예 22 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 7 중량% | 85 | 2760 |
| 실시예 23 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + AN 10 중량% | 84 | 2760 |
| 양극 합제 밀도 (g/cc) | 전해액(부피비) | 300회 25℃ 사이클 수명(%) | 전지 용량(mAh) | |
| 비교예 1 | 3.60 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 80 | 2600 |
| 비교예 2 | 3.65 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 79 | 2620 |
| 비교예 3 | 3.70 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 77 | 2640 |
| 비교예 4 | 3.75 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 72 | 2660 |
| 비교예 5 | 3.80 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 70 | 2680 |
| 비교예 6 | 3.85 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 68 | 2700 |
| 비교예 7 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 62 | 2720 |
| 비교예 8 | 3.95 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 60 | 2740 |
| 비교예 9 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 55 | 2760 |
| 비교예 10 | 4.05 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 47 | 2780 |
| 비교예 11 | 4.10 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) | 43 | 2800 |
| 비교예 14 | 3.60 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 81 | 2600 |
| 비교예 15 | 3.65 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 80 | 2620 |
| 실시예 24 | 3.70 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 80 | 2640 |
| 실시예 25 | 3.75 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 76 | 2660 |
| 실시예 26 | 3.80 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 75 | 2680 |
| 실시예 27 | 3.85 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 73 | 2700 |
| 실시예 28 | 3.90 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 72 | 2720 |
| 실시예 29 | 3.95 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 72 | 2740 |
| 실시예 30 | 4.00 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 69 | 2760 |
| 실시예 31 | 4.05 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 68 | 2780 |
| 실시예 32 | 4.10 | 1.3M LiPF6 EC/DMC/EMC(3/3/4) + SN 1 중량% | 67 | 2800 |
Claims (14)
- 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 및비수성 유기 용매 및 리튬염을 포함하는 비수성 전해질을 포함하고,상기 양극은 3.7 내지 4.1g/cc의 합제 밀도를 갖고,상기 비수성 전해질은 니트릴 계열 화합물 첨가제, 비수성 유기 용매 및 리튬염을 포함하고,상기 비수성 전해질은 상기 니트릴 계열 화합물 첨가제를 0.01 내지 10 중량%의 양으로 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 숙시노니트릴, 글루타로니트릴, 아디포니트릴, 피멜로니트릴, 수베로니트릴 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 아디포니트릴 또는 숙시노니트릴인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 니트릴 계열 화합물은 아디포니트릴인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 비수성 전해질은 상기 니트릴 계열 화합물 첨가제를 0.5 내지 5 중량%의 양으로 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션 및 디인터칼레이션이 가능한 화합물인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 하기 화학식 2 내지 25로 표현되는 화합물 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.[화학식 2]LiaA1-bBbD2(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 및 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5이다)[화학식 3]LiaE1-bBbO2-cFc(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05이다)[화학식 4]LiE2-bBbO4-cFc(상기 식에서, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05이다)[화학식 5]LiaNi1-b-cCobBcDα(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α ≤ 2이다)[화학식 6]LiaNi1-b-cCobBcO2-αFα(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2이다)[화학식 7]LiaNi1-b-cCobBcO2-αF2(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2이다)[화학식 8]LiaNi1-b-cMnbBcDα(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α ≤ 2이다)[화학식 9]LiaNi1-b-cMnbBcO2-αFα(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2이다)[화학식 10]LiaNi1-b-cMnbBcO2-αF2(상기 식에서, 0.95 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.05, 0 < α < 2이다)[화학식 11]LiaNibEcGdO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5, 0.001 ≤ d ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 12]LiaNibCocMndGeO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0 ≤ b ≤ 0.9, 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.5, 0 ≤ d ≤0.5, 0.001 ≤ e ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 13]LiaNiGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 14]LiaCoGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 15]LiaMnGbO2(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 16]LiaMn2GbO4(상기 식에서, 0.90 ≤ a ≤ 1.1, 0.001 ≤ b ≤ 0.1이다.)[화학식 17]QO2[화학식 18]QS2[화학식 19]LiQS2[화학식 20]V2O5[화학식 21]LiV2O5[화학식 22]LiIO2[화학식 23]LiNiVO4[화학식 24]Li(3-f)J2(PO4)3(0 ≤ f ≤ 3)[화학식 25]Li(3-f)Fe2(PO4)3(0 ≤ f ≤ 2)(상기 화학식 2 내지 25에 있어서, A는 Ni, Co, Mn, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;B는 Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, 희토류 원소 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;D는 O, F, S, P, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;E는 Co, Mn, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;F는 F, S, P, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;G는 Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소이고;Q는 Ti, Mo, Mn, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고;I는 Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되며;J는 V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된다.)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 탄소 계열 물질, 리튬 금속, 리튬 금속의 합금 및 리튬과 화합물을 형성할 수 있는 물질로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질은 탄소 계열 물질인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 탄소 계열 물질은 X-선 회절에 의한 Lc가 20nm 이상이고, 700℃ 이상에 서 발열 피크를 갖는 결정성 탄소 계열 물질인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 비수성 유기 용매는 카보네이트계, 에스테르계, 에테르계, 케톤계, 알코올계, 비양성자성 용매 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiCF3SO3, LiN(SO2C2F5)2, LiN(CF3SO2)2, LiC4F9SO3, LiClO4, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CxF2y+1SO2)(여기서, x 및 y는 자연수임), LiCl, LiI, 리튬 비스옥살레이트 보레이트(lithium bisoxalate borate) 및 이들의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염의 농도는 0.1 내지 2.0M인 리튬 이차 전지.
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| US11/876,999 US8802300B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-10-23 | Rechargeable lithium battery |
| CNA2007101814350A CN101183737A (zh) | 2006-11-17 | 2007-10-25 | 可再充电锂电池 |
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- 2007-10-25 CN CN2013102898664A patent/CN103367805A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101183737A (zh) | 2008-05-21 |
| CN103367805A (zh) | 2013-10-23 |
| US20080118846A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
| US8802300B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
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