KR100315704B1 - Portable wireless receiver having agc function of hysteresis characteristic - Google Patents
Portable wireless receiver having agc function of hysteresis characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- KR100315704B1 KR100315704B1 KR1019980018608A KR19980018608A KR100315704B1 KR 100315704 B1 KR100315704 B1 KR 100315704B1 KR 1019980018608 A KR1019980018608 A KR 1019980018608A KR 19980018608 A KR19980018608 A KR 19980018608A KR 100315704 B1 KR100315704 B1 KR 100315704B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
- H04B1/1036—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal with automatic suppression of narrow band noise or interference, e.g. by using tuneable notch filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/44—Transmit/receive switching
- H04B1/48—Transmit/receive switching in circuits for connecting transmitter and receiver to a common transmission path, e.g. by energy of transmitter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
- H04B2001/0416—Circuits with power amplifiers having gain or transmission power control
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
Abstract
수신된 고주파신호를 저잡음 증폭하는 저잡음증폭기와, 소정의 제어를 받아 그 이득이 조절되며, 상기 저잡음 증폭된 고주파신호를 처리하여 얻어진 중간주파수신호를 소정 증폭하는 자동이득제어 증폭기와, 상기 자동이득제어 증폭기에서 출력되는 증폭된 중간주파수신호를 복조하고 소정의 기준전압과 비교한 결과에 대응하는 신호를 발생하는 수단과, 상기 수단에서 발생하는 신호의 세기에 따라 중간주파수 이득제어신호를 출력하는 이득제어부를 구비한 무선 수신기가, 상기 이득제어신호에 응답하여 고주파단의 자동이득제어 곡선이 히스테리시스 특성을 가지는 고주파이득제어신호를 발생하고, 상기 고주파이득제어신호로써 상기 저잡음증폭기의 이득을 증가 혹은 감소시키는 고주파이득제어부를 더 가짐을 특징으로 한다.A low noise amplifier for low noise amplifying the received high frequency signal, an automatic gain control amplifier for predetermined amplification of an intermediate frequency signal obtained by processing the low noise amplified high frequency signal under a predetermined control, and an automatic gain control Means for generating a signal corresponding to a result of demodulating the amplified intermediate frequency signal output from the amplifier and comparing it with a predetermined reference voltage, and a gain control unit for outputting an intermediate frequency gain control signal according to the strength of the signal generated by the means; The wireless receiver having a control unit generates a high frequency gain control signal having a hysteresis characteristic of the automatic gain control curve of the high frequency stage in response to the gain control signal, and increases or decreases the gain of the low noise amplifier as the high frequency gain control signal. It further comprises a high frequency gain control unit.
Description
본 발명은 자동이득제어(Automatic Gain Control: AGC) 기능을 갖는 무선 송·수신기에 관한 것으로, 특히 고주파수(Radio Frequency: RF) 자동이득제어를 위한 신호가 히스테리시스(hysteresis) 특성을 갖도록 한 무선 수신기에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wireless transmitter / receiver having an automatic gain control (AGC) function, and more particularly to a wireless receiver in which a signal for radio frequency (RF) automatic gain control has hysteresis characteristics. It is about.
코드분할 다중접속(Code Division Multi Access: CDMA)방식 등과 같이 동적 범위(dynamic range)가 넓은 수신이 요구되는 휴대용 무선 전화기에서는 다른 기지국으로부터의 간섭신호에 의한 감쇠(attenuation)를 보상하기 위해 AGC가 필요하다.In portable wireless telephones requiring wide dynamic range reception, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), AGC is required to compensate for attenuation caused by interference signals from other base stations. Do.
도 1은 종래의 무선 송·수신기의 구성을 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional radio transmitter and receiver.
듀플렉서(2)는 송·수신 공용인 안테나(1)와 송·수신 부분(part)의 연결을 절체한다.The duplexer 2 switches the connection between the antenna 1, which is common to the transmission and reception, and the transmission and reception part.
수신부분에서, 저잡음증폭기(Low Noise Amplifier: 이하 LNA라 함.)(3)는 공중선(기지국)에서 미약하게 상기 안테나(1)를 통해 수신되는 신호를 최적의 신호 형태로 바꾸어 전달하기 위해 저잡음 증폭한다. RF필터(4)는 상기 수신된 RF신호로부터 원하는 신호 성분만을 필터링한다. 믹서(mixer)(5)는 상기 필터링한 신호에 소정의 국부발진신호(도시하지 않은 제1국부발진기로부터 발생되는 고주파신호)를 믹싱하여 중간주파수(Intermediate Frequency: 이하 IF라 함.)신호를 출력한다. IF증폭기(6)는 상기 믹서(5)에서 출력하는 IF신호를 입력하여 일정 정도 증폭한다. IF필터(7)은 탄성 표면파(Surface Acoustic Wave) 필터로서, 상기 IF신호로부터 혼신 주파수를 제거한다. IF AGC 증폭기(8)은 소정의 제어를 받아 그 이득이 조절되며, 상기 IF필터(7)에서 출력되는 IF신호를 소정 증폭한다. 변복조/기저대역부(12)는 상기 IF AGC 증폭기(8)로부터 출력되는 IF신호를 입력하여 소정의 국부발진신호(도시하지 않은 제2국부발진기로부터 발생됨.)에 따라 복조한 다음 기저대역신호로 변환하거나, 기저대역신호를 소정의 국부발진신호(도시하지 않은 제2국부발진기로부터 발생됨.)에 따라 변조한다. 이득제어부(10)는 상기 변복조/기저대역부(12)에서 출력되는 신호, 즉 수신한 RF신호의 레벨{복조된 신호를 소정의 기준전압과 비교한 결과에 따라 발생하는 신호 혹은 수신전계강도(RSSI)}에 따라 소정의 이득제어신호를 발생하여 상기 LNA(3)와 상기 IF AGC 증폭기(8)의 이득을 증가 혹은 감소시킨다.In the reception section, a low noise amplifier (LNA) (3) is a low noise amplification for transmitting a signal received through the antenna (1) in an air line (base station) to the optimum signal form in order to transmit it. do. The RF filter 4 filters only desired signal components from the received RF signal. A mixer 5 mixes a predetermined local oscillation signal (a high frequency signal generated from a first local oscillator (not shown)) with the filtered signal and outputs an intermediate frequency signal (hereinafter referred to as IF). do. The IF amplifier 6 inputs an IF signal output from the mixer 5 and amplifies it to a certain degree. The IF filter 7 is a surface acoustic wave filter, which removes the interference frequency from the IF signal. The IF AGC amplifier 8 receives a predetermined control and its gain is adjusted to amplify the IF signal output from the IF filter 7. The demodulation / baseband unit 12 inputs an IF signal output from the IF AGC amplifier 8 and demodulates according to a predetermined local oscillation signal (generated from a second local oscillator (not shown)) and then converts it into a baseband signal. Or the baseband signal is modulated according to a predetermined local oscillation signal (generated from a second local oscillator, not shown). The gain control unit 10 is a signal output from the modulation / demodulation / baseband unit 12, that is, a signal generated from a level of a received RF signal (a result of comparing the demodulated signal with a predetermined reference voltage or received field strength ( RSSI)} generates a predetermined gain control signal to increase or decrease the gain of the LNA 3 and the IF AGC amplifier 8.
송신부(11)는 상기 듀플렉서(2)와 변복조/기저대역부(12) 사이에 접속되며, 도시하지는 않았으나 전력증폭기, RF필터, 구동증폭기, 믹서, IF필터 및 IF AGC 증폭기 등으로 이루어진다.The transmitter 11 is connected between the duplexer 2 and the modulation / demodulation / baseband unit 12, but is not shown, but is composed of a power amplifier, an RF filter, a driving amplifier, a mixer, an IF filter, an IF AGC amplifier, and the like.
도 2는 상기 도 1의 무선 송·수신기에서 수신 입력 레벨에 따른 RF단과 IF단의 이득을 나타낸 그래프이다.FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating gains of an RF terminal and an IF terminal according to reception input levels in the wireless transmitter and receiver of FIG. 1.
도시된 IF단 및 RF단 이득은 도 1의 이득제어부(10)에서 출력되는 전압을 나타낸 것이다. IF단 뿐만 아니라 RF단에서도 이득 제어가 이루어지도록 한 이유는 강한 간섭파 등에 의해 LNA(3)나 믹서(5) 혹은 IF증폭기(6)에 왜곡이 생기기 때문이다.The illustrated IF stage and RF stage gains represent voltages output from the gain control unit 10 of FIG. 1. The reason why gain control is performed not only at the IF stage but also at the RF stage is that distortion occurs in the LNA 3, the mixer 5, or the IF amplifier 6 by the strong interference wave or the like.
그런데 도시된 바와 같이, 수신 입력 레벨에 따라 상기 RF단과 IF단 각각에서의 이득 정도가 달라서 하나의 AGC 신호에 의해 RF단과 IF단의 이득 제어를 함께 하고자 하면 몇 가지 문제가 따른다. 즉 낮은 수신 레벨로부터 높은 수신 레벨까지 RF단과 IF단을 동시에 이득 제어하거나, 어느 입력 이상만큼 RF단의 이득 제어를 하게 되면 그 입력 점에서 이득제어부(10)가 발진할 가능성이 있다.However, as shown in the drawing, the degree of gain in each of the RF and IF stages is different depending on the reception input level, so that there are some problems when the gain control of the RF and IF stages is performed by one AGC signal. That is, if gain control of the RF terminal and the IF terminal from the low reception level to the high reception level at the same time, or gain control of the RF terminal by more than a certain input, the gain control unit 10 may oscillate at the input point.
따라서 본 발명의 목적은 RF단과 IF단의 자동 이득 제어를 함께 수행하여도 발진하지 않고 안정된 동작을 하는 휴대용 무선 수신기를 제공함에 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a portable wireless receiver which can perform stable operation without oscillation even when automatic gain control of RF and IF stages is performed together.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 수신된 고주파신호를 저잡음 증폭하는 저잡음증폭기와, 소정의 제어를 받아 그 이득이 조절되며, 상기 저잡음 증폭된 고주파신호를 처리하여 얻어진 중간주파수신호를 소정 증폭하는 자동이득제어 증폭기와, 상기 자동이득제어 증폭기에서 출력되는 증폭된 중간주파수신호를 복조하고 소정의 기준전압과 비교한 결과에 대응하는 신호를 발생하는 수단과, 상기 수단에서 발생하는 신호의 세기에 따라 중간주파수 이득제어신호를 출력하는 이득제어부를 구비한 무선 수신기가, 상기 이득제어신호에 응답하여 고주파단의 자동이득제어 곡선이 히스테리시스 특성을 가지는 고주파이득제어신호를 발생하고, 상기 고주파이득제어신호로써 상기 저잡음증폭기의 이득을 증가 혹은 감소시키는 고주파이득제어부로 더 가짐을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object, a low noise amplifier for low-noise amplifying the received high-frequency signal, the gain is controlled under a predetermined control, the intermediate frequency signal obtained by processing the low-noise amplified high-frequency signal a predetermined amplification Means for generating a signal corresponding to a result obtained by demodulating the amplified intermediate frequency signal output from the automatic gain control amplifier and comparing it with a predetermined reference voltage, and the strength of the signal generated by the means. In response to the gain control signal, a wireless receiver having a gain control unit for outputting an intermediate frequency gain control signal generates a high frequency gain control signal having a hysteresis characteristic of an automatic gain control curve of a high frequency stage in response to the gain control signal. The high frequency gain control unit increases or decreases the gain of the low noise amplifier. And by having characterized.
도 1은 종래의 무선 송·수신기의 구성을 나타낸 도면1 is a view showing the configuration of a conventional radio transmitter and receiver
도 2는 상기 도 1의 무선 송·수신기에서 수신 입력 레벨에 따른 고주파수 단과 중간주파수 단의 이득을 나타낸 그래프2 is a graph illustrating gains of a high frequency terminal and an intermediate frequency terminal according to a reception input level in the wireless transmitter / receiver of FIG.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 무선 송·수신기의의 구성을 나타낸 도면3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless transmitter and receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 4는 상기 도 3의 무선 송·수신기에서 수신 입력 레벨에 따른 고주파수 단과 중간주파수 단의 이득을 나타낸 그래프4 is a graph illustrating gains of a high frequency terminal and an intermediate frequency terminal according to a reception input level in the wireless transmitter / receiver of FIG.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. 우선 각 도면의 구성 요소들에 참조 부호를 부가함에 있어서, 동일한 구성 요소들에 한해서는 비록 다른 도면상에 표시되더라도 가능한 한 동일한 부호를 가지도록 하고 있음에 유의해야 한다. 또한 하기 설명에서는 구체적인 회로의 구성 소자 등과 같은 많은 특정(特定) 사항들이 나타나고 있는데, 이는 본 발명의 보다 전반적인 이해를 돕기 위해서 제공된 것일 뿐 이러한 특정 사항들 없이도 본 발명이 실시될 수 있음은 이 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게는 자명하다 할 것이다. 그리고 본 발명을 설명함에 있어, 관련된 공지 기능 혹은 구성에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우 그 상세한 설명을 생략한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First of all, in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same reference numerals have the same reference numerals as much as possible even if displayed on different drawings. Also, in the following description, many specific details such as components of specific circuits are shown, which are provided to help a more general understanding of the present invention, and the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. It is self-evident to those of ordinary knowledge in Esau. In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 무선 송·수신기의 구성을 나타낸 도면이다.3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a wireless transmitter and receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
전술한 도 1과 달리, RF이득제어부(9)를 더 구비한다. 상기 RF이득제어부(9)는 이득제어부(10)의 출력에 따라 LNA(3)에 RF이득제어신호를 출력한다. 상기 RF이득제어신호는 RF단의 AGC 곡선(curve)이 히스테리시스 특성을 가지게 한다.Unlike FIG. 1 described above, the RF gain control unit 9 is further provided. The RF gain control unit 9 outputs an RF gain control signal to the LNA 3 according to the output of the gain control unit 10. The RF gain control signal causes the AGC curve of the RF stage to have hysteresis characteristics.
도 4는 상기 도 3의 무선 송·수신기에서 수신 입력 레벨에 따른 RF단과 IF단의 이득을 나타낸 그래프이다. 여기서 상기 RF단 이득과 IF단 이득은 설명 혹은 이해의 편의를 돕기 위해 함께 도시한 것일 뿐, 분리하여 별도로 그릴 수 있음은 물론이다. 이들을 함께 설명 혹은 이해할 때는 수신 레벨의 변화를 기준으로 해야 하며, RF단 이득을 나타내기 위한 전압값들(V5, V6)과 IF단 이득을 나타내기 위한 전압값들(V1~ V4)은 상호 독립적으로 고려되어야 한다.4 is a graph showing gains of the RF terminal and the IF terminal according to the reception input level in the wireless transmitter and receiver of FIG. Here, the RF stage gain and the IF stage gain are only shown together for convenience of explanation or understanding, and of course, may be separately drawn. When explaining or understanding them together, the change in reception level should be based on the voltage values (V 5 and V 6 ) for indicating RF stage gain and the voltage values (V 1 to V 4 ) for IF stage gain. ) Should be considered independently of one another.
도시된 RF단 이득은 상기 도 3의 RF이득제어부(9)에서 출력되는 전압을 나타낸 것이고, IF단 이득은 이득제어부(10)에서 출력되는 전압을 나타낸 것이다.The illustrated RF stage gain represents the voltage output from the RF gain control unit 9 of FIG. 3, and the IF stage gain represents the voltage output from the gain control unit 10.
수신 레벨이 P1→P4로 커지는 경우에는 이득제어부(10)에서 출력되는 IF이득제어 출력전압이 제2전압 V2이하가 되면, RF이득제어부(9)에서는 RF이득제어 출력전압을 제5전압 V5에서 제6전압 V6으로 스위칭한다. 이때 LNA 이득도 낮은(low) 상태로 바뀌게 된다. 반대로 수신 레벨이 P4→P1로 작아지는 경우에는 이득제어부(10)에서 출력되는 IF이득제어 출력전압이 제3전압 V3이하가 되면, RF이득제어부(9)에서는 RF이득제어 출력전압을 제6전압 V6에서 제5전압 V5로 스위칭한다. 이때 LAN 이득도 높은(high) 상태로 바뀌게 된다.When the reception level increases from P 1 to P 4 , when the IF gain control output voltage output from the gain control unit 10 becomes less than or equal to the second voltage V 2 , the RF gain control unit 9 sets the RF gain control output voltage as the fifth. Switch from the voltage V 5 to the sixth voltage V 6 . The LNA gain also changes to a low state. On the contrary, when the reception level decreases from P 4 to P 1 , when the IF gain control output voltage output from the gain control unit 10 becomes less than or equal to the third voltage V 3 , the RF gain control unit 9 reduces the RF gain control output voltage. Switch from the sixth voltage V 6 to the fifth voltage V 5 . At this time, the LAN gain is also changed to a high state.
만일 수신 레벨 P2와 P3이 같다면,If the reception level P 2 and P 3 are the same,
P1→P4로 될때When P 1 → P 4
① 수신 레벨 P2에서 LNA 이득을 높은(high) 상태에서 낮은(low) 상태로 바꾼다.① Change the LNA gain from the high state to the low state at reception level P 2 .
② LAN 이득이 내려갔기 때문에 수신 전력, 즉 수신 레벨이 커진다.(2) The reception power, i.e. the reception level, increases because the LAN gain has decreased.
③ RF이득제어 출력신호가 LNA 이득을 낮은 상태에서 높은 상태로 바꾼다.③ The RF gain control output signal changes the LNA gain from low to high.
④ LNA 이득이 올라갔기 때문에 수신 레벨이 작아진다.④ The reception level decreases because the LNA gain has risen.
와 같은 단계들이 ① →② →③ →④ →①의 형식으로 반복되어 AGC 제어루프가 발진한다. 결론적으로, 도 4에서 수신 레벨 P2와 P3이 같다는 것은 이득제어신호가 히스테리시스를 갖지 않는다는 의미이고, 그 경우에는 상기와 같이 AGC 제어루프가 발진하여 동작의 불안정을 초래하는 요인이 되는 것이다.The same steps are repeated in the form ① → ② → ③ → ④ → ① and the AGC control loop starts. In conclusion, the same reception level P 2 and P 3 in FIG. 4 means that the gain control signal does not have hysteresis. In this case, as described above, the AGC control loop oscillates and causes instability of the operation.
반면에, 본 발명과 같이 히스테리시스를 갖게 할 경우에는 수신 입력 레벨이 커지는 경우 RF단의 이득이 급속히 작아지고 IF AGC 증폭기(8)의 이득이 커지더라도 상기 RF단의 이득을 높이기 위한 동작점이 다르기 때문에 안정된 상태를 유지할 수 있다. 마찬가지로, 수신 입력 레벨이 작아지더라도 RF 이득 제어를 위한 동작점이 다르기 때문에 안정된 상태를 유지할 수 있다.On the other hand, in the case of having the hysteresis as in the present invention, since the gain of the RF stage is rapidly decreased when the reception input level is increased and the gain of the IF AGC amplifier 8 is large, the operating point for increasing the gain of the RF stage is different. It can maintain a stable state. Similarly, even if the reception input level is small, a stable state can be maintained because the operating points for the RF gain control are different.
한편 본 발명의 상세한 설명에서는 구체적인 실시 예에 관해 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 범위에서 벗어나지 않는 한도 내에서 여러 가지 변형이 가능함은 물론이다. 그러므로 본 발명의 범위는 설명된 실시 예에 국한되어 정해져서는 안되며 후술하는 특허청구의 범위뿐 만 아니라 이 특허청구의 범위와 균등한 것들에 의해 정해져야 한다.Meanwhile, in the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the scope of the following claims, but also by the equivalents of the claims.
상술한 바와 같은 본 발명은 히스테리시스 특성을 갖는 이득제어신호에 의해 AGC를 행하도록 함으로써 안정된 AGC 특성을 갖는 무선 수신기를 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다.The present invention as described above has an advantage that a wireless receiver having stable AGC characteristics can be obtained by performing AGC by a gain control signal having hysteresis characteristics.
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