JPWO2016042656A1 - Subcutaneous model for training - Google Patents

Abstract

Summary task In training such as tumor palpation and injection, tactile sensation and visual confirmation can be performed simultaneously.
As for a training subcutaneous model in which the inside of a human tissue can be seen through, the body of the subcutaneous model is formed of a flexible resin composition, and it is represented by normal or abnormal tissues, organs, and carcinomas that may exist in the human tissue. The target consisting of lesions is formed using a resin composition having different properties from the resin composition, and the model body and the target are formed transparent or opaque so that the target cannot be visually observed in the training state. For the transparent model body, the target in the human tissue is visualized by physical treatment, and for the opaque model body, the model body is made transparent by visualizing the opaque target. A characteristic subcutaneous model for training.
Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a training subcutaneous model in which the inside of a human tissue can be seen through.

  For example, in the diagnosis of breast cancer, the presence of a tumor is confirmed by palpation. Palpation is an important diagnostic method because it can be checked by touching the human body with the hand for any abnormalities such as touch, temperature, hardness, elasticity, presence or absence of a tumor, presence or absence of tenderness. However, even doctors may not even be aware of the presence of a tumor until they are used to it, especially when the skin and tumor hardness is almost the same or when the tumor is small. If not, discovery will be more difficult.

  For this reason, in recent years, models for breast cancer palpation training have been provided, and it has become possible for some inexperienced doctors to conduct prior training. However, in conventional breast cancer palpation training models, silicon resin or vinyl chloride resin is used for simulated skin, but such simulated skin has a tactile sensation far from human skin. Since palpation makes sense of the difference between the feel of healthy skin and the skin in the presence of a tumor, even in breast cancer palpation training models where the mock tumor is embedded inside the mock skin, the human skin feels as much as possible. It is desirable that it is close to.

  Some breast cancer palpation training models allow the internal simulated tumor to be seen through, and in the case of models currently on the market, the model body is made transparent or opaque using resin, and the inside is made opaque A mock tumor is buried. In this case, the presence of a mock tumor is clear if it is a transparent model body, so the training effect of palpation is small, and if it is an opaque model body, it is unclear whether it is that of a mock tumor even if it gets a touch. Yes, it is necessary to open the model for confirmation.

  On the other hand, in the development of the present invention, the prior art was investigated for patent documents, but no suitable invention could be found. In addition, although there is an invention of a biopsy model disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-19952 as a reference for the investigation, it is a biopsy model made of a foam having a skin layer on the surface. Physiological phenomena such as movement and breathing movement are operated using the fluctuation of air pressure, and the air supply device is controlled by the electric signal applying device to change the supplied air pressure. If appropriate, it is not considered to be more than that.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-270509 discloses an invention of an injection practice tool in which a soft rubber sheet having a thickness of 1 mm or less is adhered to at least one surface of a pad made of silicone gel. However, it has a storage part for loading the pad on the upper surface (flexion side) of the forearm model body so that the surface of the model body and the rubber sheet are substantially flush with the pad stored. It only makes it possible to simulate the human body with intradermal injection.

JP 2000-19952 A JP 2005-270509 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to enable tactile sensation and visual confirmation to be performed simultaneously in training such as tumor palpation and injection. Another object of the present invention is to provide a subcutaneous model capable of performing palpation training such as breast cancer and injection training, for example, in a state in which a tactile sensation as close as possible to human skin is obtained.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a subcutaneous model for training in which the inside of human tissue can be seen through, and the body of the subcutaneous model is formed of a flexible resin composition and can exist in human tissue. Alternatively, the model is formed so that a target composed of lesions represented by abnormal tissues, organs, and carcinomas is formed using a resin composition having different properties from the resin composition, and the target cannot be visually observed in a training state. The body and target are made transparent or opaque, the target in the human tissue is visualized by physical treatment for the transparent model body, and the model body is made transparent by physical treatment for the opaque model body. A measure is taken to make an opaque target visible.

  The body of the subcutaneous model is formed of a flexible resin composition, and a target composed of lesions represented by normal or abnormal tissues, organs, and carcinomas that may be present in human tissue is different from the resin composition. It forms using a resin composition. Accordingly, the target is a subcutaneous tissue or a connective tissue existing in the subcutaneous tissue, an organ such as a breast or a blood vessel, various organs, and the like includes normal and abnormal targets. Here, the difference in properties refers to properties that are distinguishable from the main body, such as size, hardness and softness, presence / absence of coloring, and shade of color.

  The training subcutaneous model of the present invention is characterized in that the inside of the human tissue can be seen through, but in the training state, the inside of the human tissue and the object of palpation are transparent, and thus cannot be visually observed. The object found by palpation is visualized (opaque) by a physical process consisting of heating or exposure to determine whether it is the object. Or, at the time of diagnosis, the inside of the human tissue and the object of palpation are not known because it is opaque, and the human body tissue becomes transparent by the same physical processing and is the target object of the object searched by palpation It turns out.

  The target is a lesion typified by carcinoma, and is preferably formed of a resin composition harder than the flexibility of the model body so that the presence of the target can be detected by palpation. The target is an organ typified by a blood vessel, and the organ is colored with a pigment that can withstand physical processing consisting of heating or exposure, whereas the target is made from a resin composition that becomes transparent by physical processing consisting of heating the model body. What is comprised is also a preferable form.

  It is a preferable form for the present invention that the target is transparent and is composed of a composition mixed with a chromic pigment that is visualized by a physical treatment consisting of ultraviolet exposure. The chromism pigment has a feature that it is discolored by physical treatment, that is, an external stimulus, and returns to its original color when the stimulus disappears, and is suitable for opacification or transparency by heating or exposure. When the target is opaque, the model body is also opaque as described above and is made transparent by heating. When a chromism pigment is used, exposure is performed using ultraviolet rays.

  The body of the hypodermic model is composed of a composition mainly composed of a polyurethane lastomer, and the opaque model body is composed of a composition obtained by mixing a colorant with a composition composed mainly of a polyurethane lastomer. As a result, a training subcutaneous model having a touch as close to human skin as possible is obtained.

  Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it has an effect that tactile sensation and visual confirmation can be performed simultaneously in training such as palpation of tumors and injection. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a subcutaneous model capable of performing palpation training such as breast cancer and injection training, for example, in a state where the tactile sensation is as close as possible to human skin.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.
<Apparatus configuration 1>
FIG. 1 shows a case where the training subcutaneous model according to the present invention is applied to a subcutaneous model 10 for breast cancer palpation training, and the body 11 of this subcutaneous model is formed of a flexible resin composition.

  On the other hand, the target 12 consisting of normal or abnormal tissues, organs, and lesions represented by carcinomas that can exist in human tissues is formed using a resin composition having properties different from those of the resin composition. The flexible resin composition of the main body 11 and the resin composition of the target 12 having different properties will be described later in the section of the manufacturing method.

  The target 12 in an embodiment is a carcinoma that develops in breast tissue, a so-called breast cancer tumor, most preferably the form that reproduces the lump of the breast that a woman first notices of breast cancer. For this purpose, the target 12 is formed as a foreign substance having different properties such as size, hardness and softness, presence / absence of coloration, color shade, etc. according to the form of breast cancer, and is disposed at a position where it can exist in human tissue.

  When the embodiment is a lump of the breast, the inside of the human body tissue and the object of palpation are transparent at the time of diagnosis, and thus cannot be visually observed (FIGS. 1 and 3A). The detected object is made opaque by ultraviolet exposure so that it can be determined whether or not it is the target (FIGS. 2 and 3B).

<Apparatus configuration 2>
FIG. 5 shows Example 2 regarding the case where the subcutaneous model for training according to the present invention is applied to the subcutaneous model 20 for subcutaneous injection training, and the body 21 of this subcutaneous model is formed of a flexible resin composition.

In the case of Example 2, the target 22 consisting of lesions represented by normal or abnormal tissues, organs, and carcinomas that can exist in human tissue is a simulated blood vessel, and a resin composition having a property different from that of the resin composition is used. Is formed. The main body 21 is the same as that described in the section of the manufacturing method for the flexible resin composition and the resin composition of the target 22 having different properties.
<Manufacturing method>

・表皮には、ポリウレタンエラストマーを用いた。
・真皮、皮下組織の主剤にはポリオールを主成分とする混合物を、硬化剤には変性ポリイソシアネートを用いた。
・クロミズム顔料には、光または温度で色が変わるクロミック物質を用いた。
[着色]
次に、表皮層と真皮層に添加する着色剤の割合を示す。
表２

・白色は酸化チタン４５〜５５％を含む市販の酸化チタン系着色剤。
・黄色は酸化鉄３５〜４５％を含む市販の酸化鉄系着色剤。
・赤色は酸化鉄４０〜５０％、シリカ１〜５％を含む市販の酸化鉄系着色剤。
・黒色はカーボンブラック２０〜３０％を含む市販のカーボンブラック系着色剤。First, the blending ratio of components such as resins constituting the subcutaneous tissue in this embodiment is as follows.
Table 1

-Polyurethane elastomer was used for the skin.
A mixture mainly composed of polyol was used as a main ingredient of dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and a modified polyisocyanate was used as a hardening agent.
-The chromic pigment used was a chromic substance whose color changes with light or temperature.
[Coloring]
Next, the ratio of the coloring agent added to the skin layer and the dermis layer is shown.
Table 2

-White is a commercially available titanium oxide colorant containing 45-55% titanium oxide.
-Yellow is a commercially available iron oxide colorant containing 35-45% iron oxide.
-Red is a commercially available iron oxide colorant containing 40-50% iron oxide and 1-5% silica.
-Black is a commercially available carbon black colorant containing 20-30% carbon black.

Example 1 Skin Color Breast Model A skin layer material was formed by mixing the polyurethane elastomer shown in Table 1 and the chromism pigment shown in Table 1. Further, 80% of the main agent shown in Table 1 and 20% of the hardening agent were mixed to form a subcutaneous tissue material. The subcutaneous tissue was colorless without using any colorant. When forming the subcutaneous tissue, the target 12 formed separately was used as a lump to fill the main part of the model main body 11. In the case of Example 1, since the skin layer is colored and opaque, palpation is performed in this state, the target 12 is searched for, and marking or the like is applied to the target 12 as necessary, and the model body 11 is made transparent by heating. It can be evaluated whether it matches the position of the target 12.

<Example 2> Ultraviolet discoloration transparent breast model A skin layer material was formed using the polyurethane elastomer shown in Table 1. The skin layer was colorless without using a colorant. Further, 80% of the main agent shown in Table 1 and 20% of the hardening agent were mixed to form a subcutaneous tissue material. The subcutaneous tissue was colorless without using any colorant. At the time of subcutaneous tissue molding, a lump formed separately was filled in the main part. The lump was formed by mixing 60% of the main agent shown in Table 1 and 40% of the curing agent, and further adding 0.03% of chromism pigment. In the case of Example 2, the epidermis layer and the subcutaneous tissue are transparent. In this state, the target 12 is palpated to find the target 12, and marking or the like is applied to the target 12 as necessary, and the target 12 is made opaque by exposing to ultraviolet rays. And whether the marking matches the position of the target 12 can be evaluated.

<Example 3> Temperature-erasable arm model A skin layer material was formed from the polyurethane elastomer shown in Table 1. The skin layer was colorless without using a colorant. Further, 60% of the main agent shown in Table 1 and 40% of the curing agent were mixed, and further, a dermis layer material was formed using 2% addition of chromism pigment. Further, 70% of the main agent shown in Table 1 and 30% of the hardening agent were mixed to form a subcutaneous tissue material. At the time of subcutaneous tissue molding, a simulated blood vessel separately formed as the target 22 was filled in main portions. In the case of Example 3, since the epidermis layer is transparent and the dermis layer is opaque, palpation is performed in this state, the target 22 is searched for, and marking or the like is applied thereto as necessary, and the dermis layer is heated by heating. It can be transparent to evaluate whether the marking matches the position of the target 22 or whether the injection needle has correctly pierced the simulated defect.

<Manufacturing method>
Part 1: The training subcutaneous model of the present invention having such a configuration is manufactured according to the process shown in FIG. A concave mold 30 made of a material inert to the polyurethane material is prepared. In the present invention, the concave mold 30 is formed using silicon resin, and the skin layer material described in the embodiment is sprayed uniformly using a spray gun on the bottom surface of the concave mold 30, and the uniform skin layer is formed on the bottom surface. 31 is formed. Next, after the skin layer 31 is cured, the surface thereof is filled with the subcutaneous tissue material described in Example 1 using nozzles or other appropriate devices. After filling, before the subcutaneous tissue 32 hardened, an artificial skin model was manufactured by embedding a target 33 to be a lump separately formed in a silicon resin concave shape. The obtained artificial skin model had an image color of the skin and changed to colorless and transparent by heating, and was close to the feel of human skin without a sticky feeling.

<Manufacturing method>
Part 2: Similarly to Part 1, a concave mold is formed using silicon resin, and the skin layer material described in Example 2 is sprayed uniformly using a spray gun on the bottom of the concave mold to obtain a uniform thickness. A skin layer is formed. Next, after hardening of the epidermis layer, the surface is filled with the subcutaneous tissue material described in Example 2 using appropriate nozzles. After filling, before the subcutaneous tissue hardened, the lump described in Example 2 separately formed with a silicon resin concave mold was embedded in the main portion to produce an artificial skin model. The obtained artificial skin model was colorless and transparent as a whole, but its main part was discolored by light irradiation, and it was close to the touch of human skin with no stickiness.

<Manufacturing method>
Part 3: Similarly to Part 1, a concave mold is formed using silicon resin, and the skin layer material described in Example 3 is sprayed uniformly using a spray gun on the bottom surface of the concave mold to obtain a uniform thickness. A skin layer is formed. Next, after the skin layer is cured, the dermis layer material described in Example 3 is laminated on the surface of the skin layer in a uniform thickness using an appropriate nozzle, and a uniform dermis layer is formed. After waiting for the dermal layer to harden, the surface is filled with the subcutaneous tissue material described in Example 3 using suitable nozzles. After filling, before the subcutaneous tissue hardened, a separately formed simulated blood vessel tube was implanted in the main part to produce an artificial skin model. The obtained artificial skin model turned into colorless and transparent by heating and was close to the feel of human skin without stickiness.

It is a perspective view which shows Example 1 of the subcutaneous model for training which concerns on this invention. It is side explanatory drawing of a thing same as the above. FIG. 2 shows a change before and after heating or exposure, in particular, and A is a state before heating or exposure as in FIG. 1, and B is a front view showing a state after heating or exposure as in FIG. The manufacturing method of the subcutaneous model for training which concerns on this invention is shown, A is a subcutaneous tissue filling state, B is sectional drawing which shows the dispersion | distribution state of a target, respectively. The example 2 of the subcutaneous model for training which concerns on this invention is shown, A is the state before a heating, B is a perspective explanatory drawing which respectively shows the state after a heating.

10, 20 Subcutaneous model 11, 21 Model body 12, 22, 33 Target 30 Recessed 31 Epidermis layer 32 Subcutaneous tissue

Claims (5)

A training subcutaneous model that allows the inside of human tissue to be seen through,
While forming the body of the subcutaneous model with a flexible resin composition,
A target composed of normal or abnormal tissues, organs, and lesions represented by carcinoma that can be present in human tissue is formed using a resin composition having different properties from the above resin composition,
Form the model body and target transparently or opaquely so that the target cannot be seen in the training state,
For transparent model body, the target in human tissue is visualized by physical treatment, and for opaque model body, the model body is made transparent by physical treatment to make the opaque target visible. Subcutaneous model for training. The subcutaneous model for training according to claim 1, wherein the target is a lesion typified by carcinoma, and is composed of a resin composition harder than the flexibility of the model body so that the presence of the target can be detected by palpation. The target is an organ typified by a blood vessel, and the organ is colored with a pigment that can withstand physical processing consisting of heating or exposure, whereas the target is made from a resin composition that becomes transparent by physical processing consisting of heating the model body. The training subcutaneous model according to claim 1, which is configured. The training subcutaneous model according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the target is transparent and comprises a composition mixed with a chromic pigment that is visualized by a physical process comprising ultraviolet exposure. 4. The hypodermic model main body is made of a composition based on polyurethane lastomer, and the opaque model main body is made of a composition obtained by mixing a colorant in a composition based on polyurethane lastomer. The training subcutaneous model described in Crab.

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