JPS62284047A - Manufacture of shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Manufacture of shape memory alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62284047A JPS62284047A JP12765286A JP12765286A JPS62284047A JP S62284047 A JPS62284047 A JP S62284047A JP 12765286 A JP12765286 A JP 12765286A JP 12765286 A JP12765286 A JP 12765286A JP S62284047 A JPS62284047 A JP S62284047A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shape memory
- heat treatment
- alloy
- temp
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010381 TiNi3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
発明の詳細な説明
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、Ｔｉ−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金の製造方法に関し
、特に記憶処理方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a Ti--Ni shape memory alloy, and particularly to a memory treatment method.
形状記憶合金を使用する上で、必要な要素としては、希
望とする形状に正確に成形し記憶処理できること、回復
力が十分大きいこと、および繰返し寿命が長いことなど
があげられる。When using a shape memory alloy, necessary elements include the ability to accurately shape it into a desired shape and perform memory treatment, sufficiently high recovery power, and long repeated life.
従来、Ｔｉ−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金の一方向性形状記憶処
理方法としては、
■冷間加工により十分加工硬化した合金材を所定の形状
に成形加工し、拘束したまま４００〜５００℃の温度で
数分間〜数時間加熱する中温処理方法、０８００℃以上
の高温で正準化焼なまし後、所定の形状に成形し、２０
０〜３００℃の低温で記憶処理する低温処理方法、
０８００〜１０００℃の温度で溶体化処理後、成形し４
００℃前後の温度で時効する時効処理方法、の３通りが
一般的に知られている（「形状記憶合金」、産業図書、
舟久保著（５５９，６） Ｐ１５８〜１６０）。Conventionally, the unidirectional shape memory treatment method for Ti-Ni shape memory alloys is as follows: ■ An alloy material that has been sufficiently work-hardened by cold working is formed into a predetermined shape, and then heated at a temperature of 400 to 500°C while being restrained. A medium-temperature treatment method in which heating is performed for several minutes to several hours, followed by normalization annealing at a high temperature of 0800°C or higher, then molded into a predetermined shape, and
A low temperature treatment method in which memory treatment is performed at a low temperature of 0 to 300℃, followed by solution treatment at a temperature of 0800 to 1000℃, followed by molding.
There are three commonly known aging treatment methods: aging at a temperature of around 00°C ("shape memory alloy", Sangyo Tosho,
Written by Funakubo (559, 6) P158-160).
このうち、■の時効処理方法は、加工硬化を加えなくて
も前記処理によりＴｉＮｉ３が析出し、歪を生じ転位組
織となるＮｉの含有量が５０．５ａｔ％以上のＮｉ過剰
組成に有効であるが、Ｎｉ過剰組成は加工性が悪く製造
上困難であることと、形状回復変態点が低いことから限
られた用途にしか用いられず、通常の用途には不向きで
ある。一方、Ｔｉ／Ｎｊ原子比が１前後の形状記憶合金
においては、はとんどの場合回復力が大きい■の中温処
理に行なわれるが、加工硬化されている状態、すなわち
成形性が劣る状態で所定の形状に成形加工しなければな
らず、複雑形状あるいは曲率の大きな曲げ形状の記憶に
は不向きである。また、■の低温処理は焼なまし状態で
成形するために複雑形状の記憶には適しているが、形状
回復力が劣ること、繰返し寿命が短いという欠点がある
。Among these, the aging treatment method (2) is effective for Ni-excessive compositions where the Ni content is 50.5 at% or more, where TiNi3 is precipitated by the treatment without adding work hardening, causing strain and forming a dislocation structure. However, Ni-excessive compositions have poor processability, are difficult to manufacture, and have a low shape recovery transformation point, so they can only be used in limited applications and are unsuitable for normal applications. On the other hand, for shape memory alloys with a Ti/Nj atomic ratio of around 1, medium-temperature treatment (2), which has a high recovery force, is usually performed, but the specified condition is performed in a work-hardened state, that is, a state with poor formability. It is not suitable for memorizing complex shapes or curved shapes with large curvatures. Furthermore, the low-temperature treatment (2) is suitable for memorizing complex shapes because it is molded in an annealed state, but it has the disadvantages of poor shape recovery and short repeat life.
以上説明したように、従来の形状記憶合金の製造方法で
は形状記憶合金を使用する上での必要な要素、すなわち
希望する形状に正確に成形し記憶処理できること、回復
力が十分大きいことの両者を十分に満足できるものでは
なかった。As explained above, conventional methods for manufacturing shape memory alloys do not meet the necessary requirements for using shape memory alloys: the ability to accurately shape and memorize the desired shape, and the ability to have a sufficiently large recovery force. It wasn't quite satisfying.
本発明は、上記の状況を鑑みてなされたものであり、形
状記憶合金の成形性が容易で、かつ回復力の優れた形状
記憶合金を製造する方法を提供するものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method for manufacturing a shape memory alloy that is easy to form and has excellent recovery power.
本発明は、原子比でＮｊ、４９．３〜５０．５％、残部
Ｔｉを主成分とするＴｉ−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金の製造方
法において、
（１）加工硬化する工程、
（２） ２００℃以上、再結晶温度未満の温度域で熱処
理する工程、
（３）所定の形状に成形加工する工程、（４）３００−
５７０℃の温度範囲で熱処理する工程、を有することを
特徴とする形状記憶合金の製造方法である。The present invention provides a method for producing a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy whose main components are Nj in the atomic ratio of 49.3 to 50.5% and the remainder Ti, including (1) work hardening step, (2) 200°C. The above is a step of heat treatment in a temperature range below the recrystallization temperature, (3) a step of forming into a predetermined shape, (4) a step of 300-
This is a method for producing a shape memory alloy, comprising a step of heat treatment in a temperature range of 570°C.
以下本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
まず本発明では、原子比でＮｉ ４９．３〜５０．５％
、残部Ｔｉを主成分とするＴｊ、−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金
を対象とする。これは、Ｎｉ ４９．３％未満ではＮｊ
濃度が低く、形状記憶効果を十分に発揮できなく、また
Ｎｉ ５０．５％を越えた場合には、前述した時効処理
方法が適用されるため、本発明に従う加工硬化、熱処理
を特に必要とされないためである。First, in the present invention, Ni 49.3 to 50.5% in atomic ratio
, Tj, -Ni-based shape memory alloy with the remainder being Ti as a main component. This is Nj for less than 49.3% Ni
If the concentration is low and the shape memory effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and if the Ni content exceeds 50.5%, the above-mentioned aging treatment method is applied, so work hardening and heat treatment according to the present invention are not particularly required. It's for a reason.
以上の理由によりＮｉ量は原子比で４９．３〜５０．５
％に限定する。また残部は実質的にＴｉよりなるが、Ｔ
ｉ、Ｎｉの一部をＦｅ、 Ｍｎ、 Ｃｏ、 Ａ１． Ｎ
ｂ、 Ｔａ等の元素で置換することも可能である。For the above reasons, the amount of Ni is 49.3 to 50.5 in atomic ratio.
%. The remainder is substantially made of Ti, but T
i, a part of Ni is replaced with Fe, Mn, Co, A1. N
It is also possible to substitute with elements such as b and Ta.
本発明では以上の組成を有するＴｉ−Ｎｉ系合金を加工
硬化する。形状記憶合金としての回復力及び繰返し寿命
特性を良好なものとするためには、高密度転位組織とす
ることが必要であり、そのために加工硬化を行なう。な
お、加工硬化は冷間圧延、伸線加工等通常行なう手法が
適用される。In the present invention, a Ti--Ni alloy having the above composition is work-hardened. In order to improve the recovery strength and repeated life characteristics of a shape memory alloy, it is necessary to have a high-density dislocation structure, and work hardening is performed for this purpose. Note that for work hardening, commonly used methods such as cold rolling and wire drawing are applied.
加工硬化後に２００℃以上、再結晶温度未満で熱処理（
以後軟化熱処理と記す）を施すが、これは加工硬化状態
では、記憶処理を行なう際の形状に成形加工し難いので
軟化させる必要があるからである。軟化熱処理としては
、前記転移組織を維持したままＴｉ−Ｎｉ系合金の硬度
を下げることが必要であり、そのためには再結晶温度未
満の温度範囲で熱処理されなければならない。しかし、
熱処理温度が２００℃未満では、十分な効果が得られな
いので軟化熱処理温度の範囲は２００℃以上、再結晶温
度未満に限定する。なお、軟化熱処理時間は被熱処理材
の寸法により適宜数分〜数時間の範囲で選択される。所
定の時間軟化熱処理が終了すると、冷却後所望する形状
に加工成形し、拘束した状態で記憶熱処理される。After work hardening, heat treatment (
Hereinafter referred to as a softening heat treatment), this is because in a work-hardened state, it is difficult to mold the material into the shape to be used in the memory treatment, so it is necessary to soften the material. As the softening heat treatment, it is necessary to reduce the hardness of the Ti-Ni alloy while maintaining the transition structure, and for this purpose, the heat treatment must be performed at a temperature range below the recrystallization temperature. but,
If the heat treatment temperature is less than 200°C, sufficient effects cannot be obtained, so the range of the softening heat treatment temperature is limited to 200°C or higher and lower than the recrystallization temperature. Note that the softening heat treatment time is appropriately selected in the range of several minutes to several hours depending on the dimensions of the material to be heat treated. When the softening heat treatment for a predetermined period of time is completed, the material is cooled, processed and formed into a desired shape, and subjected to a memory heat treatment in a restrained state.
記憶熱処理は前述した低温処理あるいは中温処理の温度
範囲である３００〜５００℃の範囲で適用される。The memory heat treatment is applied in the temperature range of 300 to 500° C., which is the temperature range of the aforementioned low temperature treatment or medium temperature treatment.
これらの処理により本発明の目的が達せられる理由とし
ては、軟化熱処理により加工硬化歪が除去されたことと
、Ｍ９変態点が室温近くに出現することにより成形性が
改善される。したがって、さらに成形性を必要とする場
合には、氷あるいはドライアイス等により冷却し、室温
以下の状態で所望形状に成形すればよい。また、大きな
回復力が持続する理由は、加工硬化後、再結晶温度未満
の加熱により再配列した高密度な転移組織の導入に起因
するものである。The reason why the object of the present invention is achieved by these treatments is that the work hardening strain is removed by the softening heat treatment, and the M9 transformation point appears near room temperature, so that the moldability is improved. Therefore, if further moldability is required, it may be cooled with ice, dry ice, etc., and molded into the desired shape at room temperature or below. Furthermore, the reason why the large recovery force persists is due to the introduction of a high-density transition structure that is rearranged by heating below the recrystallization temperature after work hardening.
原子比でＮｉ４９．３．５０．５％、残りＴｉよりなる
２組成の合金を真空高周波炉にて溶製し、鍛造および熱
間圧延により４φまで加工したのち、途中焼なましを加
えて冷間伸線にて最終減面率２０％で１．５φに仕上げ
た。この線材を素材として用い、第１段処理として、■
そのまま、■８００℃にて３０分間加熱、水冷、０４０
０℃にて３０分間加熱、空冷した。A two-composition alloy consisting of atomic ratios of 49.3% and 50.5% Ni and the remainder Ti was melted in a vacuum high-frequency furnace, processed to a diameter of 4mm by forging and hot rolling, and then annealed and cooled. It was finished to 1.5φ with a final area reduction rate of 20% by wire drawing. Using this wire as a material, as the first stage treatment, ■
As it is, heat at 800℃ for 30 minutes, cool with water, 040℃.
The mixture was heated at 0° C. for 30 minutes and cooled in air.
これらを室温にて曲げテストを行ない、最小曲げ可能半
径を求めた。その結果を表に示す。These were subjected to a bending test at room temperature to determine the minimum bendable radius. The results are shown in the table.
なお、■“そのまま″は前述の中間処理法に、■” ８
００℃加熱、水冷処理”は低温処理方法に該当し、■”
４００℃加熱、空冷処理″は本発明法に該当する。In addition, ■ “as is” refers to the intermediate treatment method described above, ■” 8
"00℃ heating, water cooling treatment" falls under the low temperature treatment method, and "■"
400° C. heating and air cooling treatment” corresponds to the method of the present invention.
次に前記線材からコイル径２０Ｗｌφ、コイル巻数３の
密着コイルバネを成形し拘束したまま、■は２５０℃、
■、■は４５０℃にて１時間加熱、水冷した。Next, a close-contact coil spring with a coil diameter of 20Wlφ and a number of coil turns of 3 was formed from the wire rod, and while it was being restrained,
(2) and (2) were heated at 450°C for 1 hour and cooled with water.
このコイルバネに室温で５０ｍｍＡの変位を与え、その
時の力と７０℃に加熱したときの発生力との差を回復力
として求めた。これらの結果を表に示す。A displacement of 50 mmA was applied to this coil spring at room temperature, and the difference between the force at that time and the force generated when heated to 70° C. was determined as the recovery force. These results are shown in the table.
木表から、本発明法によると従来法では満足することが
できなかった拘束処理の際の加工性および十分な回復力
を兼備することがわかる。From the wood surface, it can be seen that the method of the present invention has both workability and sufficient recovery power during restraint treatment, which could not be satisfied with the conventional method.
本発明によれば、従来の方法に比較して曲げ可能最小半
径が半分以下と小さく、複雑形状の成形が可能であり、
また回復力はほどんど減少することのない形状記憶特性
が得られ、Ｔｉ−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金を利用していく上
で非常に有効な方法である。According to the present invention, the minimum bendable radius is less than half that of conventional methods, and complex shapes can be formed.
In addition, shape memory properties with almost no reduction in recovery force can be obtained, making this a very effective method for utilizing Ti-Ni shape memory alloys.
Claims (1)
分とするＴｉ−Ｎｉ系形状記憶合金の製造方法において
、（１）加工硬化する工程、 （２）２００℃以上、再結晶温度未満の温度域で熱処理
する工程、 （３）所定の形状に成形加工する工程、 （４）３００〜５７０℃の温度範囲で熱処理する工程、
を有することを特徴とする形状記憶合金の製造方法。[Claims] A method for manufacturing a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy whose main components are 49.3 to 50.5% Ni in atomic ratio and the remainder Ti, comprising: (1) work hardening at 200°C; As mentioned above, a step of heat treatment in a temperature range below the recrystallization temperature, (3) a step of molding into a predetermined shape, (4) a step of heat treatment in a temperature range of 300 to 570°C,
A method for producing a shape memory alloy, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12765286A JPS62284047A (en) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-06-02 | Manufacture of shape memory alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12765286A JPS62284047A (en) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-06-02 | Manufacture of shape memory alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62284047A true JPS62284047A (en) | 1987-12-09 |
Family
ID=14965386
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12765286A Pending JPS62284047A (en) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-06-02 | Manufacture of shape memory alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62284047A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5641364A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1997-06-24 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing high-temperature shape memory alloys |
| US5843244A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1998-12-01 | Nitinol Devices And Components | Shape memory alloy treatment |
| US5948184A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1999-09-07 | Devices For Vascular Intervention, Inc. | Flexible housing for intracorporeal use |
| US6106642A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2000-08-22 | Boston Scientific Limited | Process for the improved ductility of nitinol |
-
1986
- 1986-06-02 JP JP12765286A patent/JPS62284047A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5948184A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1999-09-07 | Devices For Vascular Intervention, Inc. | Flexible housing for intracorporeal use |
| US5641364A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1997-06-24 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing high-temperature shape memory alloys |
| US5843244A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1998-12-01 | Nitinol Devices And Components | Shape memory alloy treatment |
| US6106642A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2000-08-22 | Boston Scientific Limited | Process for the improved ductility of nitinol |
| US6540849B2 (en) | 1998-02-19 | 2003-04-01 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Process for the improved ductility of nitinol |
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