JPH1190902A - Sawmill method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To improve the yield of wood in lumber. A log is sawed in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals in a specific diameter direction to form a plurality of plate members w, and the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of left and right ears w1, w1 of each plate member w are specified. Saw to make a tapered product plate material w2
In this case, the width of each product plate w2 is set to be as large as possible specified by the shape of the plate w serving as the raw material. The device for implementation is provided with a pair of cutting blades 25, 25 so as to be able to drive close to and away from each other in the left-right direction f1,
The cutting surfaces of the cutting blades 25, 25 are opposed to each other in the left-right direction f1, and are inclined so as to have a specific taper in each of the front-back direction f2 and the up-down direction. Forward / backward feeder 3 for feeding
4 is provided, and the feeding movement of the feeding device 34 and the approach / separation drive of the pair of cutting blades 25 in the left-right direction f1 are linked to each other.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sawing method and an apparatus for improving the yield.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A log is formed into a plate by sawing, so that the surface of the plate as a product is generally sawn so as to be parallel.

[0003]

By the way, the log becomes thinner toward the front, and the peripheral surface is arc-shaped. Therefore, when a thin rectangular plate is manufactured from now on,
In the process of lumbering, there are many parts that cannot be used as plate materials and many scraps that must be discarded wastefully.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to eliminate such a situation and improve the yield in lumber.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a log is sawed in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals in a specific diameter direction to form a plurality of plates, and then the left and right sides of each plate are formed. Each of the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the ear portion is sawn so as to have a specific taper to form a product plate, and in this case, the width of each product plate is as large as possible specified from the shape of the plate as the raw material. Perform the measurement to the size.

[0006] In this manner, the product plate material has a shape conforming to the properties of the log, and the discarded portion of the log at the time of lumber is reduced. However, in some cases it may be better to make a specific taper that is different in relation to the log grade. In addition, since the inclination of the tapered portion of each product plate is the same, if the front and back surfaces are alternately reversed to be continuous, a plurality of product plate members are densely connected to form a single plate.

[0007] The sawing apparatus for carrying out the above invention is as follows. That is, a cutting device is provided in which a pair of cutting blades are provided so as to be able to move close to and away from each other in the left-right direction, and the cut surfaces of the pair of cutting blades are opposed to each other in the left-right direction. The taper is inclined so as to have a forward and backward feeder for feeding the plate material to these cutting blades, and a feed movement of the feeder,
The configuration is such that the pair of cutting blades is interlocked with the approach / separation drive in the horizontal direction.

According to this apparatus, the pair of left and right cutting blades cuts a product plate having a specific taper by one cutting process.

In order to make the use of the sawing apparatus convenient, the following is further performed. That is, a plate material loading device for loading the plate material to a specific location, a centering device for centering the plate material at the specific location, and the centered plate material to be transported to the longitudinal feeder. A plate material moving device is provided. In this case, the centering device includes a pair of right and left laser projectors for determining the width, which are arranged in a specific tapered shape, and can be operated so as to be close to and separated from each other, and in connection with this, the plate material is emitted by the laser beam emitted from the laser projector. A plate material movement adjusting device for changing the position and direction of the pair of laser projectors is provided, and the distance between the pair of laser projectors approaches and separates the distance between the pair of cutting blades in the cutting device.

According to this, the plate material is supplied to the feed start position of the front-rear direction feeder in a state where the plate material is centered, and
This supply can be performed quickly.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a log M cut into a fixed length is sawn at regular intervals m in a specific diameter direction f using a known sawing machine, and a constant thickness is obtained. Is created.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the longitudinal direction (a) and the thickness direction (b) of the left and right ears w1 and w1 of each plate material w are adjusted to a specific taper by a pair of left and right circular saws 25 and 25, respectively. Saw so that

A sawing machine for performing this sawing is as follows.
For example: That is, in FIG.
1 is a plate material loading device for carrying the plate material w to the specific location p1, 2 is a centering device provided at the specific location p1, and 3 is a supply device for sending the centered plate material to the cutting device.

The plate loading device 1 is of a two-stage type. That is, the first-stage transfer device 4 fixes the sprockets 7a, 7b, 7c to the drive shaft 6 driven by the motor 5,
An endless transport chain 8a, 8b, 8c is hung between the sprockets 7a, 7b, 7c and a sprocket (not shown) located to the right of the sprockets. The plate material w is transported.

The second-stage transfer device 5 includes sprockets 11a, 11b, 11c on a drive shaft 10 driven by a motor 9.
And the sprockets 11a, 11b, 11c
And sprockets 12a, 12b provided on the right side in the illustrated example,
12c between the endless transport chains 13a, 13b,
13c, and the rotation of the motor 9 causes the specified part p1
To the left in the illustrated example.

The second-stage transfer device 5 is provided with a centering device 2, which is a pair of left and right laser projectors 1.
4 a, 14 b and a centering movement adjusting device 15. A pair of laser projectors 14a and 14b are arranged so as to form a specific taper along a horizontal plane, one of which is fixed to the upper rack member 16a, and the other one is to the lower rack member 16b. It is fixed.

At this time, the upper and lower rack members 16a, 16
b is interlockingly connected via a pinion 17 pivotally supported by a fixed member (not shown), and one of the rack members 16b can be arbitrarily moved in the left-right direction f1 by the hydraulic cylinder device 18. And the upper rack member 16a
The upper surface is formed as a linear scale, and the amount of movement of the rack member 16a is detected by the pulse detector 19.

The centering movement adjusting device 15 includes three moving rods 20a, 20b, 20c, and each moving rod 20a, 20c.
Hydraulic cylinder device 2 for moving b, 20c left and right
1a, 21b, 21c, and the respective moving rods 20a, 20b,
Linear scales 22a and 22 that are moved together with 20c
b, 22c and the linear scales 22a, 22b, 2
Pulse detectors 23a and 23c for detecting the amount of movement of 2c
3b and 23c.

As shown in FIG. 4, the movable rod 20a is guided by a guide track 152 fixed to the body frame 151 so as to be displaceable in the left-right direction f1. Transfer surface s of the loading device 52
1, not lower than s2, locking claw 15 on each side
3 and 154, and telescopic cylinder devices 155 and 156 for swinging the locking claws 153 and 154 up and down are provided. The other moving rods 20b and 20c also conform to this.

Reference numerals 24A and 24B denote cutting devices, each having a cutting blade body, which can be displaced in the left-right direction via a guide track (not shown) in the left-right direction f1. In the illustrated example, the cutting blades are provided so that the circular saws 25, 25 can be driven to rotate by motors 26, 26.

The cut surfaces of the pair of right and left circular saws 25 are opposed to each other in the left-right direction f1, and are inclined so as to have a specific taper in the front-rear direction f2 and the up-down direction.
At this time, the size of the taper should be determined to be an optimal value in relation to the plate material w to be sawn. For example, the taper in the front-rear direction is about 30 to 40 mm per 4 m. The taper in the vertical direction is fixed to a fixed value within a range of approximately 45 degrees to 15 degrees at the included angle of the cut surface.

The pair of cutting devices 24A and 24B
7 drives in the left-right direction f1.
Specifically, the drive mechanism includes a drive shaft 30 that transmits the rotation of the motor 27 via a chain transmission mechanism 28 and a clutch 29.
A, the feed screw 31, 31 screwed to the nut body of 24B
Are linked to each other via chain transmission mechanisms 32, 32.

A longitudinal feeder 34 driven by a motor 33 is provided between the pair of cutting devices 24A and 24B.

The front-rear feeder 34A is divided into a front-side feeder 34A and a rear-side feeder 34B. The front-side feeder 34A is directly driven by a motor 33, and the rear-side feeder 34B is connected to the front-side feeder 34A. A rotary shaft 37, a chain transmission mechanism 38, a clutch 39, and a sprocket 40 of the rear feed device 34B, which are rotated together with the sprocket 36.
It is indirectly driven via a rotating shaft 41 which is rotated in the same manner.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the transport chains 4 of the front-side feeder 34A and the rear-side feeder 34B are used.
2 and 43 are endless and have a plurality of sprockets 36, 3
6a, 40, 40a and guided by appropriate chain guides 421, 422.
Appropriate guide plates 422, 422 and the like for guiding the lower surface of the plate material w are fixed to the side portions of 2, 43 in an overhanging manner.

A horizontal support bar 44 is provided above the transport surface s3 of each of the transport chains 42 and 43.
4, a pressure roller 46 is arranged in line via a support arm 45,
The telescopic cylinder device 47 is operated to move up and down.

Reference numeral 48 denotes a transmission for changing the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 37. The output shaft 49 of the transmission 48 is driven by a drive shaft 30 via a chain transmission mechanism 50 and a clutch 51.
It is linked and linked.

By the way, the plate material w centered at the specific position p1 is supplied to the rear-side feeding device 34B, and this is performed by the following configuration.

At the end of the second-stage transfer device 5, there is provided a carry-in device 52 for carrying the plate material w into the rear-side feeding device 34B. The sprockets 53a, 53b,
The sprockets 53a, 53b, 5
The sprockets 54a, 54b, 5
4c, and endless transport chains 55a, 55b, 55c are hung between the sprockets 53a, 53b, 53c and the sprockets 54a, 54b, 54c.

Thus, each sprocket 54a, 54
b and 54c are sprockets 53a and 53 of the drive shaft 10.
b, 53c, and is attached via the arm 56 shown in FIG.
Is vertically movable by the telescopic cylinder device 57, and the transport surface s2 of the transport chain 43 is higher than the transport surface s3 of the transport chain 43 in a state of upward swing, and the transport chain 43 in a state of downward swing. Is lower than the transfer surface s3. Here, 58 is the drive shaft 10
It is a support stand. In the figure, 59, 60 and 61 are photoelectric detectors for detecting the presence of the plate material w.

A description will be given of an example of use of the sawmill having the above-described structure and its operation. When the apparatus is in the operating state, the operator can place one sheet on the first-stage transfer device 4 under the operation of the first-stage transfer device 4, the second-stage transfer device 5, and the carry-in device 52 at the terminal end. Is placed with the narrow side facing upward (a) in plan view. At this time, the length n1 of the plate material w
(FIG. 3) is designed to be stretched over two transport chains 8a and 8b.

As a result, the plate material w is moved to the left in FIG. 3, and is carried into the specific place p1 of the second-stage transfer device 5. Thus, at this specific location p1, the locking claws 153, 1
Since the 54 is displaced upward, the left ear w1 of the plate member w collides with the two locking claws 153 and 154, and is prevented from moving further to the left.

As shown in FIG. 8, laser beams β and β emitted from the laser projectors 14a and 14b are provided on the upper surface of the plate material w at the specific position p1.
a, 14b are emitted in accordance with the taper arrangement,
The β places are displayed in red.

The operator performs the centering while watching the light beams β, β. Specifically, the operation is performed as follows. That is, the plate member w is moved so that the center of the front end and the center of the rear end of the plate member w coincide with the center line of the pair of rays β. At this time, the movement of the plate material w is performed by the hydraulic cylinder devices 21a and 21b.
Is extended and retracted to move the locking claws 153, 153 in the same direction as the moving rods 20a, 20b in the left-right direction f1 by an appropriate amount.

Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder device 18 is expanded and contracted as required, and the pair of laser projectors 14a and 14b are moved toward and away from each other, so that the two light beams β and β
In the state of being located on the upper surface of the entire length, the plate material w is moved so as to be located as far outward as possible at the front end of the upper surface. The positions of the light beams β and β at this time indicate the later sawing positions.

The pair of laser projectors 1 during this centering process
The displacement information of 4a and 14b is transmitted to a control device such as a motor 27 for displacing the cutting devices 24A and 24B. At this time, the control device puts the clutch 29 in the engaged state and simultaneously releases the clutch 51. In a non-coupled state, the motor 27 is operated, and the pair of circular saws 25, 2
5 is an arrangement corresponding to the pair of laser projectors 14a and 14b.

When the centering process has been completed in this way, the operator operates the telescopic cylinder device 155 for the locking claw 153.
To shorten the operation.

Thus, the plate material w is transferred to the transport chain 13
a, 13b, 13c and 55a, 55b, 55c are moved to the left, and the left ear w1 of the plate material w collides with the locking claw 154 which has been displaced upward in advance, and the rear side feeder 3
It stops above the 4B feed start position. This stop is detected by the detector 60, and in connection with this, the telescopic cylinder device 5
7, the arm 56 swings around the drive shaft 10,
The transport chains 55a and 55b are lowered as shown by a virtual line k in FIG. As a result, the plate material w is moved to the rear side feeder 3
4 is mounted on the transport surface s3 of the transport chain 43, and the relationship between the pair of circular saws 25, 25 and the plate material w in this state is determined by the pair of laser projectors 14 at the specific position p1.
a, 14b and the plate material w.

The detector 59 detects that the plate material w has moved from the specific position p1 to the rear feeding device 34B, and in connection with this detection, the telescopic cylinder device 155 extends and the locking claw 153 is displaced upward. You. Therefore, after this, a new plate material w can be placed on the first-stage transport device 4.

When the plate material w is placed on the transport chain 43 as described above, the telescopic cylinder device 156 is shortened and the locking claw 154 is displaced downward. In this connection, the clutch 29 is disengaged and the clutch 51,
36, the motor 33 is operated, and the rear feeding device 34B is linked with the front feeding device 34A via the rotation shaft 37, the chain transmission mechanism 38, the clutch 39 and the rotation shaft 41, and moves the plate material w forward. Feed and move. The plate material w thus moved is pressed on the upper surface by the pressing roller 46 by the extension operation of the telescopic cylinder device 47, and is moved accurately.

The feed movement is performed by rotating the feed screw shafts 31, 31 via the transmission 49, the chain transmission mechanism 50, the clutch 51, the drive shaft 30, and the like, thereby turning the cutting devices 24A,
4B is gradually separated from each other, so that the plate material w is cut at the specific position p1 at the position where the rays β, β were located by the pair of right and left circular saws 25, 25, and the plate material w is The longitudinal direction (a) and the thickness direction (b) of the left and right ears w1 and w1 are each formed into a specific taper to form a product plate material w2.

When the product plate material w2 passes the position of the detector 61, the detection device 61 detects this, the clutch 39 is disengaged, the operation of the rear feeding device 34B is stopped, and the telescopic cylinder device 57 is extended. Activating and loading device 52
The transport chains 55a and 55b are swung upward, the telescopic cylinder device 156 is extended, and the locking claw 154 is displaced upward, and the telescopic cylinder device 155 can be lowered.

When the product plate member w2 is moved to the forefront of the front-side feeder 34A, it is taken out through a suitable guide path. By the way, on the loading side of the plate material, when the core material whose centering is completed passes through the detector 59, the detector 59
In response to this signal, the locking claw 153, which has been lowered, rises, and then the centering work of a new plate material is performed. Thus, the leading plate is longitudinally tapered on both side edges, and the locking claw 153 is lowered in association with passing through the position of the detector 61, and the same operation as described above is repeated.

A large number of product plate materials w2 manufactured in this way have the same taper at each taper position as that of the other product plate material w2, and only the width is different. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. As described above, when the plurality of product plate materials w2 are continuous while the longitudinal direction and the front and back are alternately reversed, the left and right side portions p2 of the plurality of product plate materials w2 are in close contact with each other to form a single flat plate.

In the use of the sawing apparatus, when the plate material w is long as shown by the imaginary line k1 (FIG. 3), the plate material movement adjusting device 15 is provided with two moving rods 20a at both ends in the front-rear direction f2.
20c is used as described above, and the locking claws 153 and 154 of the central moving rod 20b are held in a lowered state.

[0046]

The sawing method of the present invention described above (Claim 1)
According to the taper of the left and right sides, the shape of the product made a specific value in each of the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the plate material is the intrinsic property of the standing tree, that is, it becomes narrower toward the front, and
The peripheral surface conforms to an arc shape, which significantly improves the yield of lumber in lumber, and each of the product plates has a constant side taper regardless of the width of the plate. Because it is a value, it is conveniently used for forming floors and walls.

According to the lumber apparatus of the present invention (claims 2 and 3), the yield of lumber can be improved, and the product plate can be produced simply and efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cutting state of a log.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state of sawing a plate material.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a sawmill for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a centering movement adjusting device of the sawmill.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a front-rear direction feeder of the sawmill.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a front-side feeder of the front-rearward-direction feeder.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the vicinity of a second-stage transfer device of the sawmill and a carry-in device subsequent thereto;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a centering process in the sawmill.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of using a product plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 M Log f Diameter direction f2 Front-back direction m Constant interval p1 Specific place w Plate material w1 Ear β laser beam 2 Centering device 3 Plate material moving device 4 Plate material loading device 14a, 14b Laser projector 15 Plate material movement adjusting device 24A, 24B Cutting device 25 Cutting blade body 34 Front-rear direction feeder a. Longitudinal direction of plate material b.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A log is sawed in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals in a specific diameter direction to form a plurality of plates, and each of the left and right ears of each plate in a longitudinal direction and a thickness direction is formed into a specific taper. Forming a product plate by sawing so that the width of each product plate is as large as possible specified by the shape of the plate as the raw material. . 2. The cutting device is provided with a pair of cutting blades so that they can be driven to approach and separate from each other in the left-right direction. The cutting surfaces of the pair of cutting blades are opposed to each other in the left-right direction. In order to feed the plate material to these cutting blades, a forward / rearward feeder is provided, and the feed movement of the feeder and the right / left approach / separation drive of the pair of cutting blades are interlocked. Sawing machine characterized by the following configuration. 3. A plate loading device for loading a plate into a specific location, a centering device for centering the plate at the specific location, and a device for transporting the centered plate to a cutting device. In this centering device, a pair of left and right laser projectors for width determination are arranged in a specific tapered configuration, and are arranged so as to be able to approach and separate from each other. A plate material movement adjusting device for changing the position and direction of the plate material by the emitted laser beam is provided, and the proximity separation displacement of the pair of laser projectors causes the pair of cutting blade bodies in the cutting device to approach and separate from each other. 3. The sawing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sawing apparatus is made.