JPH1190660A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser beam machine which can dispense with machining equipment exclusive for deburring after the laser beam machining, reduce the cost of the equipment, remarkably shorten the working time and improve the working efficiency. SOLUTION: A nozzle 25 is provided on a second turning holder 23 of a laser beam machining head 20 and a rotary brush 29 is supported on a side opposite to the nozzle 25 through a tool holder 28. After a work 13 is cut with a laser beam irradiated from the nozzle 25 onto the work 13, the second turning holder 23 is turned by 180 deg., the nozzle 25 is inverted to the highest retreat position and the rotary brush 29 is inverted to the working position. Burrs on the cut surface of the work 13 after being machined with the laser beam are removed by the rotary brush 29.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser beam machine capable of cutting a workpiece into a desired shape by irradiating a laser beam to the workpiece and further machining a laser-processed surface. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A laser processing machine of this type may be used as a product as it is after laser processing a work, but may remove burrs formed on a processing end face of the work or chamfer a cut surface. In this case, the processed work is removed from the laser processing machine, and in a later step, a robot or the like is used to perform deburring with a wire brush or chamfering a cut surface with a grinder.

[0003] Also, when performing a drilling operation or a grinding operation using a grindstone on a laser-processed work, the processed work is removed from the laser processing machine, and a robot or the like is used in a later process.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional deburring, chamfering, drilling or polishing operations, the work is removed from the laser processing machine, the work is mounted on a robot, and then the deburring operation is performed. Teaching of a processing program such as a drilling operation was performed, and a deburring operation of a laser-processed surface of a work was performed. For this reason,
In addition to a laser beam machine, a machine for deburring and perforation is required, so that the equipment is expensive, the time required for the deburring operation is long, and the working efficiency is very low.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems existing in such conventional techniques, and has as its object to provide dedicated machining equipment such as deburring and drilling after laser processing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser beam machine which can eliminate the necessity and reduce the cost of machine equipment, and can greatly shorten the operation time and improve the operation efficiency.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
In order to achieve the above object, the work supported by the processing table and the laser processing head are relatively moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and the work is irradiated from the nozzle of the laser processing head. A laser processing machine configured to perform processing using a laser, wherein the laser processing head is provided with a turning holder supported on a rotating shaft capable of turning around at least one axis between an operation position of a nozzle and a retracted position; Instead of the nozzle, the holder is provided with a machining head for machining the work surface of the workpiece.

[0007] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first aspect is provided.
And a machining condition conversion unit for converting the movement locus data of the nozzle based on the laser machining program of the laser machining head into the movement locus data of the machining program of the machining head.

[0008] In the invention according to claim 3, claim 2 is provided.
In the above, the processing condition conversion unit has a function of performing an offset conversion of the movement trajectory data of the machining program corresponding to the tool of the machining head from the movement trajectory data of the laser machining program.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the first aspect is provided.
In any one of the above items 1 to 3, the laser machining head and the machining head are reciprocally swiveled around a horizontal axis and are supported so as to be switchable to an arbitrary position.

[0010] In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the fourth aspect is provided.
In the above, the laser processing head and the machining head are reciprocally swiveled around a vertical axis and are supported so as to be switchable to an arbitrary position.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a laser beam machine embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 3, an X-axis machining table 1 for supporting a work 13 is provided on a bed 11 of the laser beam machine.
2 is supported so as to be able to reciprocate in the X-axis direction (a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 3). A pair of columns 14 are erected on both sides of the processing table 12, and a Y-axis support 15 is erected on the upper portions of both columns 14. A Y-axis saddle 16 is provided on the Y-axis support 15 in FIG. It is supported so that it can reciprocate in the Y-axis (left-right) direction. A Z-axis support 17 is supported on the Y-axis saddle 16 so as to be able to reciprocate in the Z-axis (vertical) direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of upper and lower mounting cases 18 and 19 are mounted on the Z-axis support 17, and a laser processing head 20 is mounted on the lower mounting case 19. This processing head 20 is configured as follows.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lower mounting case 19 is provided with a first turning holder 21 which is turned horizontally around a vertical axis O1.
1st rotation motor 22 installed on the upper surface of
Reciprocating within 360 degrees. The first turning holder 21 is provided with a second turning holder 23 which is turned around a horizontal axis O2 in a vertical direction, and is provided with a second turning motor 24 fixed to a side surface of the turning holder 23.
It is turned back and forth within the range of 0 degrees. This second turning holder 2
A laser irradiation nozzle 25 for performing laser processing is attached to 3. The machining head 20 is provided with the turning holder 2
1, 23, mounting cases 18, 19 and laser guide tube 26
The workpiece 13 is processed by the laser radiated from the nozzle 25 through the laser oscillator 27.

On the side of the second revolving holder 23 opposite to the nozzle 25, for example, a rotating brush is rotatably held by a pressurized air as a tool 29 via a tool holder 28 so as to be located on the central axis O3 of the nozzle 25. Is being worn.

Next, a control device for controlling various operations of laser processing by the nozzle 25 of the laser processing machine and processing by the tool 29, for example, deburring, will be described with reference to FIG.
This control device includes a CPU (arithmetic processing device) 31 for performing various calculations, comparisons, determinations, and the like. The CPU 31 has a ROM (read only memory) storing an operation program of the entire system of the laser beam machine. ) 32 are connected. The CPU 31 is connected to a RAM (random access memory) 33 for storing a laser processing program. Further, the CPU 31
Is connected to a processing condition conversion unit 34 for converting a laser processing program using the nozzle 25 into a processing program using the tool 29.

In order to teach the laser machining program or to convert the laser machining program into, for example, a deburring program, the CPU 31 takes into consideration the laser beam radius of the nozzle 25, the radius of the tool 29, and the amount of deburring by the tool 29. An operation panel 35 having various keys (not shown) for setting an offset amount and further performing a processing command and the like is connected.

The CPU 31 has an X-axis machining table 1
2 drive device 41, the drive device 42 of the Y-axis saddle 16, and the drive device 43 of the Z-axis support 17, and the respective drive devices 41, 42, 43 are connected to motors M1, M2, M, respectively.
3 are connected. In addition, these motors M1, M2,
The number of rotations of M3 is detected by the encoders 44, 45, and 46, and the nozzle 25 of the laser processing head 20 is controlled along a movement locus based on the laser processing program.

The CPU 31 has a first turning drive 47.
And a second turning drive device 48, to which the first turning motor 22 and the second turning motor 24 are connected. Encoders 49 and 50 are connected to both motors 22 and 24, respectively.
, The rotation angle of the nozzle 25 of the processing head 20 around the vertical axis O1 and the rotation angle around the horizontal axis O2 are controlled.

Next, the operation of the laser beam machine configured as described above will be described. First, the work 13 is placed and fixed at a predetermined position on the processing table 12. Next, by operating various keys (not shown) of the operation panel 35 to determine the shape of the workpiece to be processed, the laser processing program is stored in the RAM 33 and the nozzle 25 is processed.
In consideration of the laser beam diameter, the diameter of the tool 29, and the deburring amount when the tool 29 is a rotating brush, an offset amount described later is set.

In the stop state where the processing is not performed in the plane of FIG. 5, the nozzle 25 of the laser processing head 20 is positioned at the home position Po which is a position before the start of the processing with respect to the work 13. The work 13 is held at a predetermined height from the upper surface.

In this state, when the machining command switch of the operation panel 35 is turned on, the machining table 12 and the laser machining head 20 are moved in the X-axis direction based on the operation program stored in the ROM 32 and the laser machining program stored in the RAM 33. The workpiece 13 is moved in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the work 13 is cut into a desired shape as follows.

Without the nozzle 25 outputting a laser,
From the home position Po, it is moved by a predetermined distance in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 5, and reaches the piercing point P1 at which the hole is started. At this piercing point P1,
The height of the nozzle 25 with respect to the work 13 is the Z-axis support 17.
Is moved to a desired height by the downward movement in the Z-axis direction. Thereafter, when the laser output from the laser oscillator 27 is applied to the work 13 from the nozzle 25, the work 13
Piercing holes are formed in the piercing holes. Further, when the nozzle 25 is relatively moved by a predetermined distance in the X-axis direction in FIG. 5, the nozzle 25 is moved to the processing start point P2. This machining start point P2
The nozzle 25 is moved along the set movement trajectory T1, and a substantially square hole H1 is formed in the work 13 as shown in FIG.

When the nozzle 25 returns to the processing start point P2, the output of the laser beam from the nozzle 25 is stopped. Thereafter, the nozzle 25 is moved in the X, Y, and Z axis directions and returns to the upper home position Po. Is done.

The second, third, and fourth holes H2, H3, and H4 are continuously machined in the work 13 in the same manner as the above-described machining operation. In this way, four substantially square holes H1 to H4 are cut into the work 13 as shown in FIG. 5, and the inner cut residual material is naturally dropped onto the table 12.

Next, deburring of the inner peripheral surface of each of the holes H1 to H4 of the processed work 13 shown in FIG. 6, that is, the cut surface 13a is automatically performed as follows. 1 and 2 around the horizontal axis O2 in FIGS.
After being rotated by 80 degrees, the tool 29 (hereinafter referred to as the rotating brush 29) is moved to the lower operating position, and as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating brush 29 is prepared for machining at the home position Po.

Next, the rotary brush 29 is moved from the home position Po toward the first hole H1 in FIG. 6 by a predetermined distance in the Y-axis direction, and reaches the same point P1a as the piercing point P1. At this point P1a, the height of the rotating brush 29 with respect to the work 13 is the desired height due to the downward movement of the Z-axis support 17 in the Z-axis direction,
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the hole H1 is moved to a height corresponding to the cut surface 13a. Thereafter, when the rotating brush 29 is rotated, and the rotating brush 29 is relatively moved by a predetermined distance in the X-axis direction in FIG. 6, the rotating brush 29 is moved to the deburring start point P2a. The deburring start point P2a is a position offset from the laser processing start point P2 by a predetermined distance Δd to the left in the X-axis direction. Further, the rotating brush 29 is moved along the moving locus T2 of the rotating brush 29 offset from the moving locus T1 of the nozzle 25 by Δd to the inside of the hole H1, and the deburring operation of the cut surface 13a of the work 13 is performed. Etc. are removed.

Note that the rotating brush 29 has a deburring start point P
2a, the rotation of the rotating brush 29 is stopped, and thereafter, the cut surface 13a of the second to fourth holes H2 to H4.
Are sequentially performed. When the deburring work of the last hole H4 is completed and the rotating brush 29 is returned to the home position Po, the nozzle 25 and the rotating brush 29
It is rotated and exchanged by 80 degrees and is ready for the next laser processing.

As shown in FIG. 8, when deburring the lower edge of the cut surface 13a obliquely, the second turning motor 24 is operated to stop the central axis O3 of the rotating brush 29 in an inclined state, and to rotate the rotating brush 29. The brush 29 contacts the lower edge of the cut surface 13a in a state where the brush 29 is inclined, and rotates along the movement path T2.
Just move. At this time, since the rotating brush 29 is inclined, the rotating brush 29 is
Of the central axis O3 is changed at each corner of the movement trajectory T2, and the attitude of the rotary brush 29 with respect to the cut surface 13a is always kept constant.

Next, the functions and effects of the above-described embodiment will be listed together with the configuration. In the above-described embodiment, the laser processing nozzle 25 and the mechanical processing, for example, the rotating brush 29 are supported on the second turning holder 23 so that the position can be switched by turning in a vertical plane. For this reason, the deburring work of the cut surfaces 13a of the holes H1 to H4 of the work 13 after the laser processing is completed, the second rotary holder 23 is turned, and the rotating brush 29 uses the movement locus T1 based on the laser processing program. By converting the movement trajectory T1 to the movement trajectory T2 of the deburring machining program offset by the predetermined distance Δd, the deburring work or the like of the work 13 can be performed quickly and efficiently with a small number of facilities.

In the above embodiment, since the processing condition conversion unit 34 is provided in the control device, it is possible to easily and quickly convert a program in which laser processing conditions are set to a program in which machining conditions are set.

In the above embodiment, since the first and second revolving holders 21 and 23 are provided, a tool such as the rotating brush 2
9 can be moved along the movement locus T2 in an inclined state, and the edge of the cut surface 13a of the work 13 can be machined obliquely.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the above embodiments, but may be embodied as follows, for example. As shown in FIG. 9, tapered deburring surfaces 29a and 29b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating brush 29, and the upper and lower edges 13b and 13c of the cut surface 13a of the work 13 are simultaneously deburred. To be. In this case, the deburring work of the upper and lower edges 13b and 13c of the cut surface 13a of the work 13 can be efficiently performed.

As shown in FIG. 10, the second turning holder 2
Drill 52 through the drill holder 51 to the right side of
To be installed. In this case, the drilling work by the drill 52 can be performed on the work 13 without additional facilities.

The second turning holder 23 as shown in FIG.
A deburring rotary brush 54 having a different shape is attached to the left side surface of the device through a holder 53. In this case, the rotary brush 5 can be mounted on the work 13 without additional equipment.
4 can properly perform the deburring operation when the hole diameter is different.

The position of the holder 28 of the rotating brush 29 can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the horizontal axis O2 by an offset position adjusting mechanism (not shown). In this case, when the diameter of the rotating brush 29 changes, an adjustment can be performed to appropriately offset the moving trajectory T2 of the rotating brush 29 from the moving trajectory T1 of the nozzle 25 by a predetermined distance. or,
The position of the deburring surface of the rotating brush 29 and the inner peripheral surface of the injection port of the nozzle 25 are almost matched, and the deburring can be performed without using the offset and using the laser processing program as it is.

The first revolving holder 21 is a fixed holder. -Supporting the first turning holder 21 or the second turning holder 23 so as to be turnable around the inclined axis.

In the above-described embodiment, the nozzle 25 and the rotating brush 29 are mounted at positions that are inverted by 180 degrees, but this may be changed to, for example, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, or another angle. In the above embodiment, the processing table 12 is moved in the X-axis direction,
The laser processing head 20 is movable in the Y and Z axis directions. Instead, the processing table 12 is fixed and the processing head 20 is supported so as to be movable in the X, Y and Z axis directions.

Claim 1 which can be understood from the above embodiment.
The technical ideas other than the above-described 4 will be described below together with their effects. 2. The laser beam machine according to claim 1, wherein the machining head is a rotating brush, and a tapered deburring surface is formed at least below both upper and lower edges.

In this laser processing machine, the work 13
The deburring work of the upper and lower edges 13b and 13c of the cut surface 13a can be performed reliably and efficiently. In this specification, the machining head includes, in addition to the rotary brush 29 and the drill 52, for example, a grindstone, a grinder, a needle for engraving a ruled line on the surface of a work, a spray nozzle for paint for drawing characters and patterns, and the like.

[0041]

As described above, claims 1, 4, 5
The described invention eliminates the need for machining equipment dedicated to machining after laser machining, makes it possible to reduce the cost of machine equipment, greatly shortens work time, and improves work efficiency.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the present invention, the processing condition conversion unit converts the nozzle movement trajectory data based on the laser processing program of the laser processing head into the mechanical processing of the mechanical processing head. It can be easily converted to the movement locus data of the program.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the second aspect, the machining condition conversion unit exchanges the movement locus data of the nozzle based on the laser machining program of the laser machining head with the exchange of the machining head. Offset conversion can be easily performed on the movement trajectory data of the machining program according to the tool to be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a laser processing head of a laser processing machine embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the laser processing head.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the laser beam machine.

FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of a control device.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a laser processing operation.

FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a deburring work.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a deburring work.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another deburring work.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing another example of the rotating brush.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a laser processing head showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a laser processing head showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

20: laser processing head, 21 (23): first (second)
Swivel holder, 22 (24) ... first (second) swivel motor,
25: nozzle, 28: tool holder, 29: tool (rotary brush), 31: arithmetic processing unit, 34: processing condition conversion unit.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B23P 23/00 B23P 23/00 Z B24B 9/00 602 B24B 9/00 602L 17/10 17/10 P

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A work supported by a processing table and a laser processing head are relatively moved in an X-axis direction, a Y-axis direction, and a Z-axis direction, and the work is processed by a laser beam emitted from a nozzle of the laser processing head. In the laser processing machine, a turning holder supported on a rotating shaft that can turn the laser processing head around at least one axis between an operating position and a retracted position of a nozzle is mounted, and the turning holder is attached to the turning holder. A laser processing machine provided with a machining head for machining a work surface of a workpiece instead of the nozzle. 2. A laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a processing condition conversion unit configured to convert the movement trajectory data of the nozzle based on the laser processing program of the laser processing head into the movement trajectory data of the machining program of the machining head. Machine. 3. The processing condition conversion unit according to claim 2, wherein the processing condition conversion unit has a function of performing an offset conversion of the movement trajectory data of the machining program corresponding to the tool to be replaced with the machining head from the movement trajectory data of the laser machining program. Equipped laser processing machine. 4. The laser beam machine according to claim 1, wherein said laser beam machining head and said machining beam head are reciprocally swiveled around a horizontal axis and can be switched to an arbitrary position. 5. The laser beam machine according to claim 4, wherein the laser machining head and the machining head are reciprocally swiveled around a vertical axis and are switchably supported at an arbitrary position.