JPH11300124A - Filter medium - Google Patents
Filter mediumInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11300124A JPH11300124A JP12817598A JP12817598A JPH11300124A JP H11300124 A JPH11300124 A JP H11300124A JP 12817598 A JP12817598 A JP 12817598A JP 12817598 A JP12817598 A JP 12817598A JP H11300124 A JPH11300124 A JP H11300124A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter medium
- filter
- fiber
- carbon particles
- lubricating oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 43
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013055 pulp slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はフィルタ用の濾材に係
り、より詳しくは内燃機関や工作機械、油圧機械等に使
用される潤滑油や作動油、燃料、空気等に含まれるカー
ボン粒子を捕捉、除去するためのフィルタ用濾材に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filter medium for a filter, and more particularly, to a method for capturing carbon particles contained in lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, fuel, air and the like used in internal combustion engines, machine tools, hydraulic machines and the like. And a filter medium for removing the filter.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】内燃機関や工作機械等では潤滑のため多
くの潤滑油が使用されている。このような潤滑油中には
長時間の使用により金属摩耗粉やスラッジ、すす、ダス
ト等が発生し蓄積されてくる。特に自動車のガソリンエ
ンジンやディーゼルエンジン等内燃機関においてはエン
ジンでの不完全燃焼によりカーボン粒子が発生するが、
これが潤滑油であるエンジンオイル中に分散し蓄積され
てくると潤滑油の粘度増大に伴う潤滑不良や摩耗の増
大、あるいは潤滑油寿命の短縮等の問題を発生する。こ
のため、これら潤滑油の潤滑回路中にはこれらの金属摩
耗粉やダスト、カーボン粒子等を捕捉し、濾過するフィ
ルタが用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Many lubricating oils are used for lubrication in internal combustion engines and machine tools. In such a lubricating oil, metal wear powder, sludge, soot, dust and the like are generated and accumulated over a long period of use. In particular, in internal combustion engines such as automobile gasoline engines and diesel engines, carbon particles are generated due to incomplete combustion in the engine,
If this is dispersed and accumulated in the engine oil, which is a lubricating oil, problems such as poor lubrication and increased wear due to an increase in the viscosity of the lubricating oil, and a reduction in the life of the lubricating oil occur. Therefore, a filter that captures and filters these metal wear powder, dust, carbon particles, and the like is used in a lubrication circuit of the lubricating oil.
【０００３】従来から用いられているフィルタ濾材とし
ては、セルロース繊維を主体として抄造した濾紙や、セ
ルロースと合成繊維の混抄による濾紙が多く用いられ、
主にこれら濾紙の孔径を細かくすることにより、または
これら濾紙の厚みを増すことにより、物理的に金属摩耗
分やダスト、カーボン粒子等を捕捉することが行われて
きた。しかしこのような濾材では、潤滑油中でカーボン
粒子が加熱凝集されスラッジ化した状態では捕捉可能で
あっても、潤滑油中に均一分散したカーボン粒子を捕捉
することは難しく、カーボン除去効率を高めるために濾
材の孔径を小さくしたものでは濾過寿命が著しく短くな
るなどの問題があった。[0003] Conventionally used filter media include filter paper made mainly of cellulose fibers and filter paper made by mixing cellulose and synthetic fibers.
Physical reduction of metal wear, dust, carbon particles, and the like has been performed mainly by reducing the pore size of these filter papers or increasing the thickness of these filter papers. However, in such a filter medium, it is difficult to capture the carbon particles uniformly dispersed in the lubricating oil, even if the carbon particles can be captured in a state where the carbon particles are thermally aggregated and sludged in the lubricating oil, and the carbon removal efficiency is increased. Therefore, when the pore size of the filter medium is reduced, there is a problem that the filtration life is significantly shortened.
【０００４】特に近年では排ガス規制に対応するため、
内燃機関における排ガス再循環システム（ＥＧＲ）の検
討が進められているが、これはエンジンから排出される
排気ガスの一部を取り出し吸気系に再循環させるシステ
ムであるため、今後は潤滑油中のカーボン粒子量はさら
に増加することが確認されている。また、カーボン粒子
がエンジン中で凝集しスラッジ化したり、さらにこのス
ラッジに金属摩耗分やダスト等を巻き込むと、潤滑油の
流動性を阻害したり潤滑面を傷つけたりすることとなる
ため、潤滑油中にカーボン粒子を均一に分散させる分散
剤（オイル添加剤）が用いられている。この分散剤につ
いても近年では開発が進み、潤滑油中に分散するカーボ
ン粒子径はさらに微細化する傾向が高くなっている。Particularly in recent years, in order to comply with exhaust gas regulations,
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems for internal combustion engines are being studied, but this is a system that takes out part of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and recirculates it to the intake system. It has been confirmed that the amount of carbon particles further increases. In addition, if the carbon particles aggregate in the engine to form sludge, or if metal sludge or dust is entrained in the sludge, the fluidity of the lubricating oil may be impaired or the lubricated surface may be damaged. A dispersant (oil additive) for uniformly dispersing the carbon particles therein is used. In recent years, this dispersant has been developed, and the particle size of carbon particles dispersed in lubricating oil tends to be further reduced.
【０００５】そこで、これらの対策としては、単に濾材
の孔径を細かくするという構造面ばかりでなく、カーボ
ン粒子と濾材との相互作用を高め、オイル中のカーボン
粒子をより効率的に吸着するという見地からも研究が進
められている。例えば特開平２−２１９１５号公報には
チタン酸カリウムウィスカーを他の繊維に混抄したフィ
ルタ濾材が開示され、特開平７−６００２７号公報には
カーボン粒子の帯電性を利用し、ポリプロピレン等の帯
電させた有機繊維を用いてフィルタ濾材を構成した例が
開示されている。これは潤滑油中に漂うカーボン粒子が
負の電荷を有することに着目し、正に帯電させた有機繊
維によりクーロン力を利用して吸着させようとするもの
である。従って従来では捕捉効率の低かった濾材孔径よ
りも小さい粒径のカーボン粒子を効率的に濾過すること
ができる。また特開平１０−５５１５号公報には有機繊
維素材を叩解し、フィブリル化した極細分割繊維にカチ
オン性樹脂を混抄した例が開示されているが、この濾材
はフィブリル化した有機繊維による物理的捕捉とカチオ
ン樹脂による電気的吸着との両作用を利用するものであ
る。従ってフィブリル化した有機繊維により金属摩耗粉
等の非溶解成分や比較的粒径の大きいカーボン粒子を捕
捉するとともに、カチオン樹脂により微細なカーボン粒
子を吸着しようとするものである。[0005] Therefore, as a countermeasure against these problems, not only the structure of simply reducing the pore size of the filter medium but also the viewpoint of enhancing the interaction between the carbon particles and the filter medium and adsorbing the carbon particles in the oil more efficiently. Research is ongoing. For example, JP-A-2-21915 discloses a filter medium in which potassium titanate whiskers are mixed with other fibers, and JP-A-7-60027 discloses a method of charging a polypropylene or the like by utilizing the chargeability of carbon particles. There is disclosed an example in which a filter medium is formed using organic fibers. This focuses on the fact that carbon particles floating in a lubricating oil have a negative charge, and attempts to adsorb the organic fibers by using Coulomb force by positively charged organic fibers. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently filter carbon particles having a particle diameter smaller than the pore diameter of the filter medium, which has conventionally had a low capturing efficiency. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-5515 discloses an example in which an organic fiber material is beaten and a fibril-divided ultrafine splitting fiber is mixed with a cationic resin. And the action of both the electric adsorption and the cationic resin. Therefore, non-dissolved components such as metal abrasion powder and carbon particles having a relatively large particle diameter are captured by the fibrillated organic fibers, and fine carbon particles are adsorbed by the cationic resin.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前記特開平２
−２１９１５号公報に記載されたチタン酸カリウムウィ
スカーやケイ酸アルミニウム等の金属繊維をセルロース
等他の繊維中に混抄した濾材については、セルロース繊
維のみで構成した濾材に比べて確かにカーボン粒子除去
効率の面では有効であるが、金属繊維自身が他の繊維に
対して親和性が低い上に金属繊維が硬い繊維であること
から、もし金属繊維が濾材から離脱した場合には逆にエ
ンジンの摩耗促進を生ずるおそれがあった。また金属繊
維を均一分散させる抄紙の困難さ、抄紙コストの高価格
化などの問題があった。また特開平７−６００２７号公
報や特開平１０−５５１５号公報に記載されたような有
機繊維を微細化した濾材やこれらをセルロース繊維に混
抄した濾材、カチオン樹脂を混抄した濾材などでは、構
成する有機繊維がフィブリル化され微細化されることに
伴い、エンジンで発生する熱によって油温が上昇し、フ
ィブリル化された微細有機繊維の融解やカチオン樹脂の
脱落等による潤滑油の粘度増加，潤滑油寿命の短縮化が
生じたり、微細有機繊維の熱変形（凝縮変形など）によ
るカーボン粒子除去効率の低下が生ずる等の問題があっ
た。However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open
As for the filter medium in which metal fibers such as potassium titanate whisker and aluminum silicate described in JP-A-21915 are mixed with other fibers such as cellulose, the carbon particle removal efficiency is certainly higher than that of a filter medium composed of only cellulose fibers. However, since the metal fibers themselves have low affinity for other fibers and the metal fibers are hard fibers, if the metal fibers are separated from the filter media, the engine wear will be adversely affected. There was a risk of accelerating. In addition, there are problems such as difficulty in papermaking for uniformly dispersing metal fibers and increase in papermaking cost. Further, a filter medium obtained by pulverizing organic fibers, a filter medium obtained by mixing these with cellulose fibers, a filter medium obtained by mixing a cation resin, and the like as described in JP-A-7-60027 and JP-A-10-5515 are constituted. As the organic fibers are fibrillated and miniaturized, the oil temperature rises due to heat generated in the engine, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil increases due to the melting of the fibrillated fine organic fibers and the falling off of the cationic resin, and the lubricating oil. There have been problems such as shortening of service life and reduction of carbon particle removal efficiency due to thermal deformation (condensation deformation, etc.) of fine organic fibers.
【０００７】本発明は係る問題に鑑みてなされたもので
あり、エンジンや工作機械，油圧機器等の被潤滑部や作
動機器に対して摩耗促進を生ずるような金属繊維を混抄
せず、またエンジン等の被潤滑部（被冷却部）の発熱に
よって油温が上昇し、濾材構成繊維の凝縮熱変形を生ず
るおそれのある微細化した有機繊維を使用することな
く、エンジンオイル等の潤滑油や作動油、ガソリン，軽
油等の燃料、空気などの流体中に分散するカーボン粒子
を高効率で捕捉し濾過するフィルタ濾材を提供すること
を目的とするものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and does not mix metal fibers that cause abrasion to be accelerated on a lubricated portion or an operating device such as an engine, a machine tool, or a hydraulic device. The oil temperature rises due to the heat generated by the lubricated parts (cooled parts), and the lubricating oil such as engine oil and the operation can be used without using fine organic fibers that may cause condensation heat deformation of the filter medium constituent fibers. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter medium for capturing and filtering carbon particles dispersed in a fluid such as fuel such as oil, gasoline and light oil, and air with high efficiency.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明ではセルロース（パルプ）繊維等の濾材繊維
に金属繊維を除く無機材料から成る濾過助剤を混抄して
構成する。この無機材料からなる濾過助剤は、例えば実
施形態において説明するように炭酸カルシウムを用いる
ことができる。そしてこの無機材料である濾過助剤を混
抄し、公知の湿式抄紙法により抄紙することによって目
的とする濾材を得ることができる。In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a filter aid made of an inorganic material other than metal fibers is mixed with a filter medium fiber such as cellulose (pulp) fiber. As the filter aid made of the inorganic material, for example, calcium carbonate can be used as described in the embodiment. Then, the desired filter medium can be obtained by mixing and filtering the inorganic filter aid, which is a known inorganic material, by a known wet papermaking method.
【０００９】また、前記のような無機質の濾過助剤にカ
チオン系の表面処理を施してセルロース等の濾材繊維に
混抄して構成することにより、その効果がより高められ
る。例えば実施形態において説明するように炭酸カルシ
ウムなどの無機材料をカチオン系の表面処理剤（例えば
陽イオン界面活性剤であり、実施形態における第４級ア
ンモニウム塩等）を用いてカチオン化処理することによ
り、この濾過助剤表面に正の電荷を与える。そしてこの
ようにカチオン化処理された濾過助剤を混抄し、公知の
湿式抄紙法により抄紙することによって目的とする濾材
を得ることができる。なお、カチオン化処理方法として
は、炭酸カルシウムのスラリーに前記のようなカチオン
系の表面処理剤を混合し混練することにより得られる。Further, the effect can be further enhanced by applying a cationic surface treatment to the above-mentioned inorganic filter aid and mixing it with a filter medium fiber such as cellulose. For example, as described in the embodiment, an inorganic material such as calcium carbonate is cationized using a cationic surface treatment agent (for example, a cationic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium salt in the embodiment). To give a positive charge to the surface of the filter aid. Then, the filter aid thus cationized is mixed, and the mixture is subjected to papermaking by a known wet papermaking method to obtain a target filter medium. In addition, as a cationization treatment method, it is obtained by mixing and kneading the above-mentioned cationic surface treatment agent with a slurry of calcium carbonate.
【００１０】潤滑油中に含まれるカーボン粒子は、微視
的にはその中心となる疎水性の固体であるカーボン粒子
（カーボンブラック）に、潤滑油中に添加された親油基
を持つ分散剤（オイル添加剤）イオンが優先吸着される
結果、表面電位として負のゼータ電位を有するカーボン
粒子として存在する。そこで、本発明に係る濾材ではこ
の負のゼータ電位を持つカーボン粒子を、濾材中に含ま
れカチオン処理された正の電位を有する濾過助剤に、ク
ーロン力を利用して強力かつ選択的に吸着するものであ
る。The carbon particles contained in the lubricating oil are microscopically dispersed in a hydrophobic solid carbon particle (carbon black) having a lipophilic group added to the lubricating oil. (Oil additive) As a result of preferential adsorption of the ions, they are present as carbon particles having a negative zeta potential as the surface potential. Therefore, in the filter medium according to the present invention, the carbon particles having the negative zeta potential are strongly and selectively adsorbed to the filter aid having a positive potential which is contained in the filter medium and has been subjected to cation treatment by utilizing Coulomb force. Is what you do.
【００１１】このようにカチオン化処理した濾過助剤を
混抄した濾材ではカーボン粒子はクーロン力の引力によ
って濾材に混抄された濾過助剤に電気化学的に吸着され
ることとなり、濾目よりも細かいカーボン粒子を効率的
に吸着する濾材を得ることができる。このため濾目を必
要以上に細かくすること無く、カーボン粒子を濾材に含
まれる濾過助剤で電気化学的に捕捉することができるた
め、その分多くの摩耗粉やダスト等をセルロース繊維で
捕捉することが可能となる。In the filter medium mixed with the filter aid thus cationized, the carbon particles are electrochemically adsorbed by the filter aid mixed in the filter medium due to the attractive force of Coulomb force, and are finer than the mesh. A filter medium that efficiently adsorbs carbon particles can be obtained. For this reason, the carbon particles can be electrochemically captured by the filter aid contained in the filter medium without making the mesh finer than necessary, so that more abrasion powder and dust are captured by the cellulose fibers. It becomes possible.
【００１２】また、濾過助剤として使用する混抄物質は
金属繊維を除く無機材料であるため、もしも繊維から離
脱するようなことがあっても一般的にはチタン酸カリウ
ムやケイ酸アルミニウムに代表される金属繊維のように
硬質でないため、エンジン等の被潤滑部の摩耗を促進す
ることが少ない。また無機材質であることから、エンジ
ンで発生する熱によってフィブリル化された微細有機繊
維やカチオン樹脂のように融解することが無く、従って
潤滑油の粘度を高めるようなこともない。[0012] Further, since the mixed substance used as a filter aid is an inorganic material excluding metal fibers, even if it is separated from the fibers, it is generally represented by potassium titanate or aluminum silicate. Since it is not as rigid as metal fibers, the wear of the lubricated portion of the engine or the like is less likely to be promoted. Further, since it is an inorganic material, it does not melt like fibrillated fine organic fibers or cationic resin due to heat generated in the engine, and therefore does not increase the viscosity of lubricating oil.
【００１３】なお、ベースとなる繊維については特に限
定するものでなく、例えば木材パルプ、麻、コットン、
エスパルトや再生セルロース等の天然セルロース繊維、
フィブリル化されていないレーヨン、アクリル、ポリエ
ステル、ポリプロピレン、ポリアミド等の有機繊維など
を１種以上適宜選択し配合して用いることができる。ま
た、本発明の濾材には必要に応じて濾材の特性を阻害し
ない範囲で他の混抄剤の使用または添加剤の配合をする
ことも可能である。The base fiber is not particularly limited. For example, wood pulp, hemp, cotton,
Natural cellulose fibers such as esparto and regenerated cellulose,
One or more organic fibers such as rayon, acrylic, polyester, polypropylene, polyamide and the like which are not fibrillated can be appropriately selected and used. Further, in the filter medium of the present invention, if necessary, it is possible to use other blending agents or mix additives as long as the characteristics of the filter medium are not impaired.
【００１４】また、このように濾過助剤を混抄した濾材
については、フィルタとして用いる場合に濾過助剤の流
出を防止するための流出防止層を設けた２層構造の濾材
とすることが望ましい。この流出防止層の繊維について
は特に規定するものではないが、例えば前記のような濾
材のベースとなる繊維を濾過助剤を混抄しないで適宜用
いることができる。なおこの２層化の方法は例えば各々
の層を別々の工程で抄造しこれを張り合わせる方法や共
抄きする方法など公知の方法で行うことができる。The filter medium mixed with the filter aid is desirably a two-layer filter medium provided with an outflow preventing layer for preventing the filter aid from flowing out when used as a filter. Although there is no particular limitation on the fibers of the outflow prevention layer, for example, the fibers serving as the base of the above-mentioned filter medium can be used as appropriate without mixing with a filter aid. In addition, this two-layering method can be performed by a known method such as a method in which each layer is formed in a separate step and laminated, or a method in which the layers are co-coated.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に係る濾材は、例えば木材
パルプを主体としたパルプスラリーに、無処理の炭酸カ
ルシウムまたは予め第４級アンモニウムクロライド型の
陽イオン界面活性剤等でカチオン化処理した炭酸カルシ
ウムを添加して水中で混練した後、この混合物を傾斜ワ
イヤー抄紙機や丸網多層抄紙機などの抄紙機により公知
の湿式抄紙法により抄造する。このときのセルロース繊
維と濾過助剤の配合比率は使用する濾過助剤の材質及び
形状によって異なるが、例えば炭酸カルシウムの紡錘体
やウィスカーを用いた場合には、濾過助剤の配合率は２
０〜５０％混抄することが好ましい。濾過助剤がこの範
囲より少ないとカーボン粒子の吸着効果が少なくなり、
また濾材の孔径も大きくなることからカーボン粒子の捕
捉効果が低下するからである。また濾過助剤の配合率が
この範囲より多いと濾材表面からの濾過助剤の脱落が起
こりやすくなるため、フィルターエレメントとして組み
立てる際の作業性が悪化する懸念が生じるからである。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The filter medium according to the present invention is obtained by subjecting a pulp slurry mainly composed of, for example, wood pulp to cationization treatment with untreated calcium carbonate or a quaternary ammonium chloride type cationic surfactant in advance. After adding calcium carbonate and kneading in water, the mixture is formed by a known wet papermaking method using a paper machine such as an inclined wire paper machine or a round mesh multilayer paper machine. The mixing ratio of the cellulose fiber and the filter aid at this time varies depending on the material and shape of the filter aid used. For example, when a calcium carbonate spindle or whisker is used, the compounding ratio of the filter aid is 2%.
It is preferable to mix 0 to 50%. If the filter aid is less than this range, the effect of adsorbing carbon particles will be reduced,
Also, because the pore size of the filter medium is increased, the effect of trapping carbon particles is reduced. Also, if the mixing ratio of the filter aid is more than this range, the filter aid is likely to fall off from the surface of the filter medium, so that the workability when assembling as a filter element may be deteriorated.
【００１６】以下本発明に係る濾材について実施例を上
げてより具体的に説明する。なお、混抄材の混抄比率は
重量％で表示している。 実施例１ 第４級アンモニウム塩によりカチオン化処理した炭酸カ
ルシウム３０％，木材パルプ７０％を公知の湿式抄紙法
により抄紙した後風乾し、乾燥重量３２０g/m2，厚さ
０．６mmの濾材を得た。 実施例２ 未処理の炭酸カルシウム３０％，木材パルプ７０％を公
知の湿式抄紙法により抄紙した後風乾し、乾燥重量３２
０g/m2，厚さ０．７mmの濾材を得た。 比較例２ チタン酸カリウムウィスカー３０％，木材パルプ７０％
を公知の湿式抄紙法により抄紙した後風乾し、乾燥重量
３２０g/m2，厚さ０．８mmの濾材を得た。Hereinafter, the filter medium according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The blending ratio of the blending material is indicated by weight%. Example 1 Calcium carbonate 30% and wood pulp 70% cationized with a quaternary ammonium salt were paper-formed by a known wet paper-making method and then air-dried to obtain a filter material having a dry weight of 320 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.6 mm. Obtained. Example 2 Untreated calcium carbonate (30%) and wood pulp (70%) were made by a known wet papermaking method, air-dried, and dried to a dry weight of 32.
A filter medium having a thickness of 0 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.7 mm was obtained. Comparative Example 2 Potassium titanate whisker 30%, wood pulp 70%
Was made by a known wet papermaking method and air-dried to obtain a filter medium having a dry weight of 320 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.8 mm.
【００１７】これら実施例及び比較例の様にして得た濾
材に対して、カーボン粒子の除去効果について比較濾過
試験を行った。このときの試験条件を示す。 （試験条件） １）使用油 実機油 ２）濾過状態 定圧試験（入口圧を392kPaで一定に維持） ３）試験温度 ８０℃ ４）濾過面積 ２５００cm2 ５）試験時間 ６時間 ６）測定方法 初期及び試験時間経過後のカーボン量を重量測定 ７）濾過効率 濾過効率を次式で算出し評価する。 濾過効率（％）＝（初期濃度−試験時間経過後の濃度）／初期濃度×１００ The filter media obtained as in Examples and Comparative Examples were subjected to a comparative filtration test for the effect of removing carbon particles. The test conditions at this time are shown. (Test conditions) 1) Oil used Actual machine oil 2) Filtration condition Constant pressure test (Inlet pressure kept constant at 392 kPa) 3) Test temperature 80 ° C 4) Filtration area 2500 cm 2 5) Test time 6 hours 6) Measurement method Initial and 7) Filtration efficiency The filtration efficiency is calculated by the following formula and evaluated. Filtration efficiency (%) = (initial concentration−concentration after elapse of test time) / initial concentration × 100
【００１８】上記試験方法により得られた結果を表１に
示す。Table 1 shows the results obtained by the above test methods.
【表１】 例 混抄材料 濾過効率 実施例１ カチオン化処理した炭酸カルシウム ２５．０％ 比較例１ 無処理の炭酸カルシウム １１．３％ 比較例２ チタン酸カリウムウィスカー ４．８％ Table 1 Example Mixed materials Filtration efficiency Example 1 Cationized calcium carbonate 25.0% Comparative example 1 Untreated calcium carbonate 11.3% Comparative example 2 Potassium titanate whisker 4.8%
【００１９】以上の試験の結果、比較例１は無機材料で
ある炭酸カルシウムを混抄した濾材であるが、チタン酸
カリウムウィスカーが混抄されカーボン捕捉率が高めら
れた比較例２の濾材よりも２．３倍以上高い濾過効率を
有することが解る。さらにこの炭酸カルシウムに第４級
アンモニウム塩でカチオン化処理した濾過助剤を混抄し
た実施例１では、比較例２に対し５．２倍（比較例１の
無処理の炭酸カルシウムに対しても約２．２倍）も高い
濾過効率を示すことが解る。従ってこの濾過助剤は、混
抄された濾過助剤単体として従来のものと比較しても従
来の濾材に対して高い濾過効率を有するとともに、カチ
オン化処理を施すことにより、より高いカーボン粒子の
捕捉効果を有することが解る。As a result of the above test, Comparative Example 1 was a filter medium in which calcium carbonate as an inorganic material was mixed, but was compared with a filter medium in Comparative Example 2 in which potassium titanate whiskers were mixed and carbon capture ratio was increased. It can be seen that the filtration efficiency is more than three times higher. Further, in Example 1, in which the calcium carbonate was mixed with a filter aid which had been cationized with a quaternary ammonium salt, in Example 1, it was 5.2 times as large as that in Comparative Example 2 (approximately even with respect to the untreated calcium carbonate of Comparative Example 1). 2.2 times) shows high filtration efficiency. Therefore, this filter aid has a higher filtration efficiency with respect to the conventional filter medium even when compared with the conventional filter aid alone as a mixed filter aid alone, and has a higher capture of carbon particles by performing the cationization treatment. It turns out that it has an effect.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上示したように本発明に係る濾材によ
れば、そのメカニズムは明確ではないが、無機材料であ
る炭酸カルシウムを濾過助剤として混抄することによ
り、高いカーボン粒子の濾過効率を有する濾材を得るこ
とができる。また、この混抄材をカチオン化処理するこ
とにより負のゼータ電位を有するカーボン粒子をクーロ
ン力を利用して電気化学的に吸着させる効果を付加する
ことが可能であり、前記無処理の濾材よりもさらに高い
カーボン粒子の濾過効率を有する濾材を得ることができ
る。このため濾材孔径を必要以上に細かくすることなく
濾目よりも細かいカーボン粒子を効率的に吸着すること
ができる。従って潤滑油等の流体の流量を犠牲にするこ
となく、また濾材寿命を短縮化することなくカーボン粒
子を捕捉するフィルタを構成することができる。As described above, according to the filter medium of the present invention, although its mechanism is not clear, by mixing calcium carbonate, which is an inorganic material, as a filter aid, high filtration efficiency of carbon particles can be obtained. A filter medium can be obtained. Further, by effecting the cationization treatment of this mixed material, it is possible to add an effect of electrochemically adsorbing carbon particles having a negative zeta potential by utilizing Coulomb force, and it is possible to add the effect of the untreated filter material. A filter medium having a higher filtration efficiency of carbon particles can be obtained. For this reason, the carbon particles finer than the filter can be efficiently adsorbed without making the pore size of the filter medium smaller than necessary. Therefore, it is possible to configure a filter that captures carbon particles without sacrificing the flow rate of a fluid such as lubricating oil and without shortening the life of the filter medium.
【００２１】また、本発明に係る濾材では、チタン酸カ
リウムやケイ酸アルミ等の硬質の金属繊維を混抄してい
ない。従ってこれら繊維の離脱に起因するエンジン等の
被潤滑部品や油圧回路の作動部品等に摩耗促進を生じさ
せるような懸念が少ない。この効果は濾材に濾過助剤の
流出防止層を設けた２層構造とすることにより、より高
めることができる。また、本発明に係る濾材では有機繊
維を微細化した繊維やカチオン樹脂等を混抄していな
い。このためエンジンで発生する熱によって油温が上昇
してもフィブリル化された微細有機繊維の融解やカチオ
ン樹脂の脱落等が起こらない。従ってこれらに起因する
潤滑油の粘度増加，潤滑油寿命の短縮化が生じたり、微
細有機繊維の熱変形によるカーボン粒子除去効率の低下
を生ずることがない。Further, in the filter medium according to the present invention, hard metal fibers such as potassium titanate and aluminum silicate are not mixed. Therefore, there is little concern that the detachment of these fibers may cause accelerated wear of parts to be lubricated such as an engine and working parts of a hydraulic circuit. This effect can be further enhanced by adopting a two-layer structure in which a filter medium is provided with a filter aid outflow preventing layer. Further, in the filter medium according to the present invention, fibers obtained by refining organic fibers, cationic resins, and the like are not mixed. For this reason, even if the oil temperature rises due to the heat generated by the engine, the fibrillated fine organic fibers do not melt or the cationic resin does not fall off. Therefore, the increase in the viscosity of the lubricating oil and the shortening of the lubricating oil life due to these, and the decrease in the efficiency of removing carbon particles due to the thermal deformation of the fine organic fibers do not occur.
【００２２】さらに、本発明に係る濾材で使用する濾過
助剤は国内に大量に存在し安価に入手できる炭酸カルシ
ウムを混抄材として利用する。このため、金属繊維や微
細化した有機繊維等を混抄する場合のように混抄材のコ
ストや抄紙コストの高価格化など濾材生産上の問題点を
改善することできる。従って、簡便な方法で安価にカー
ボン捕捉率を高めた濾材を提供することができる。Further, as a filter aid used in the filter medium of the present invention, calcium carbonate, which is present in large quantities in Japan and can be obtained at low cost, is used as a mixed paper. For this reason, it is possible to improve the problems in the production of the filter medium, such as the cost of the mixed paper material and the increase in the papermaking cost, as in the case of mixing the metal fibers and the finely divided organic fibers. Therefore, it is possible to provide a filter medium having an increased carbon capture ratio at a low cost by a simple method.
Claims (5)
る濾過助剤を混抄したことを特徴とする濾材。1. A filter medium characterized by mixing a fiber with a filter aid made of an inorganic material excluding metal fibers.
を施してなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の濾材。2. The filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter aid is subjected to a cationic surface treatment.
ンモニウム塩であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の
濾材。3. The filter medium according to claim 2, wherein the cationic surface treating agent is a quaternary ammonium salt.
とを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３に記載の濾材。4. The filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter aid is calcium carbonate.
有する２層構造であることを特徴とする請求項１から請
求項４に記載の濾材。5. The filter medium according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium has a two-layer structure having a layer for preventing the filter aid from flowing out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12817598A JP4108182B2 (en) | 1998-04-22 | 1998-04-22 | Filter media |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12817598A JP4108182B2 (en) | 1998-04-22 | 1998-04-22 | Filter media |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11300124A true JPH11300124A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
| JP4108182B2 JP4108182B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
Family
ID=14978278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12817598A Expired - Fee Related JP4108182B2 (en) | 1998-04-22 | 1998-04-22 | Filter media |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4108182B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001089662A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-29 | Toyo Roki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air filter |
| JP2009092053A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2022138906A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 東亞合成株式会社 | Inorganic molded body, and binder for inorganic molded body |
-
1998
- 1998-04-22 JP JP12817598A patent/JP4108182B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001089662A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-29 | Toyo Roki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air filter |
| GB2368298A (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2002-05-01 | Toyo Roki Seizo Kk | Air filter |
| GB2368298B (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2003-06-18 | Toyo Roki Seizo Kk | Air filter |
| US6843819B2 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2005-01-18 | Toyo Roki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air filter |
| JP2009092053A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2022138906A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 東亞合成株式会社 | Inorganic molded body, and binder for inorganic molded body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4108182B2 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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