JPH11308146A - Non-contact data transmission / reception device, non-contact data transmission / reception method, and non-contact data transmission / reception system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress interference more by adding dummy data on the front side of the transmission data of respective interrogators to respective responders based on synchronizing signals, turning them to a maximum data length, transmitting them within the same period, and after the respective interrogators receive response data from the respective responders within the same period, restarting transmission. SOLUTION: The respective interrogators and the respective responders of a portable type which are these non-contact data transmitter-receivers transmit and receive the data without contacting by a transmission part, a reception part, a data processing part and a control part. Based on the periods TL and TH of the synchronizing signals, the respective interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 add the dummy data on the front side of prescribed data to be transmitted and attain a prescribed maximum data length. Thus, the transmission of the data of the respective interrogators is ended within the period TL, the respective responders transmit the response data to the respective interrogators within the period TH and thereafter, the respective interrogators start the transmission of the data. Thus, even when the number of the interrogators is increased, data transmission time hardly increases, the interference is suppressed and the antenna interval of the interrogators is narrowed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-contact data transmitting / receiving apparatus for transmitting / receiving data between a plurality of interrogators and a plurality of portable transponders which are installed in advance, a non-contact data transmitting / receiving method, and a non-contact data. It relates to a transmission / reception system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a gate which is a ticket inspection apparatus installed at a ski lift landing to which a conventional non-contact data transmission / reception apparatus is applied. In the figure, 91
-1 to 91-3 are gates, and 111-1 to 111-
3 is provided in the gates 91-1 to 91-3 and is closed when the skier 201 is not present.
Is an flapper that presents an ID card 102-1 as a transponder and is opened when the ID card 102-1 is valid.

[0003] The gates 101-1 to 101-3 have gates 91-1.
1 to 91-3, which are carried by the skier 201
An interrogator for transmitting and receiving predetermined data to and from a D card. 4-1 to 4-3 are provided in gates 91-1 to 91-3, and data from the interrogators 101-1 to 101-3 are provided. Is transmitted as an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave, and the antenna unit detects data transmitted as an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave from the ID card.

[0004] 3-1 to 3-3 are interrogators 101-1 to 101-1.
This is a display for displaying the processing result of 01-3 to the skier 201.

Each of the gates 91-1 to 91-3 transmits data transmitted from the antenna units 4-1 to 4-3 to the other gates 91-1 to 91-3 and the ID card 102-1.
It is usually installed at intervals of about 2.5 meters so as to make it difficult to receive signals.

Next, the operation will be described. Gate 91-
The first interrogator 101-1 modulates the carrier with the data to be transmitted, and outputs the generated modulated wave to the antenna unit 4-1. The modulated wave is transmitted as an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave from the antenna unit 4-1.

At this time, when the skier 201 brings the ID card 102-1 close to the antenna section 4-1 of the gate 91-1, the interrogator 101-1 and the ID card 102
-1 is transmitted and received.

[0008] ID card 1 carried by skier 201
02-1 receives the modulated wave and converts its carrier component into
In addition to using it as power for the internal circuit, it extracts transmitted data and performs processing corresponding to the data.

For example, the amount paid by the skier 201 in advance is stored in the ID card 102-1.
When data for collecting a usage fee for a ski lift is transmitted by the interrogator 101-1, the ID card 102-1 first reads out the stored data of the amount of money (the remaining balance), and the amount of money is read. It is determined whether or not the fee is equal to or higher than the ski lift usage fee. If the balance is less than the ski lift usage fee, the response data indicating that fact is returned to the gate 9.
If the balance is transmitted to 1-1 and the balance is determined to be equal to or higher than the usage fee of the ski lift, an amount obtained by subtracting the usage fee of the ski lift from the stored amount is stored as the balance, and, for example, the balance is indicated. Response data is sent to gate 91-
Send to 1.

The antenna section 4-1 of the gate 91-1 has an I
The response data transmitted from the D card 102-1 is received and output to the interrogator 101-1 as an electric signal. When the response data indicates that the balance is insufficient, the interrogator 101-1 causes the display 3-1 to display a warning. When the response data indicates the balance, the interrogator 101-1 displays the warning. The balance is displayed on the display 3-1 and the flapper 111-1 is rotated to open. If the response data indicates that the balance is insufficient, the flapper 111-1 remains closed.

As described above, the interrogators 101-1 and I
Data transmission and reception are performed with the D card 102-1.

However, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of interrogators 101-1 are arranged at intervals as narrow as a skier can pass.
When installing the antenna units 4-1 to 4-3 of to 101 to 101-3, the interrogator 101-1 replaces the other interrogators 101-2 and 10-3.
The data transmitted by 1-3 may be received and malfunction may occur.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart for explaining data transmission / reception when interference occurs.

For example, when there is another skier 201 carrying an ID card near the gate 91-2 in addition to the skier 201 of FIG. 7, the interrogator 101-1 and the ID card 102-1 are connected to each other. Data is transmitted and received between the interrogator 101-2 and the ID card of another skier 201.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, when the interrogator 101-1 and the ID card of another skier 201 transmit data at the same time, interference may occur in the interrogator 101-2. Similarly, when the interrogator 101-2 and the ID card 102-1 transmit data at the same time, interference may occur in the interrogator 101-1.

Therefore, in order to prevent interference, a method for preventing the interrogators 101-1 to 101-3 from transmitting data at the same time and an interrogator 101-1 to 101-1 are provided.
A method of using a carrier having a different frequency for each 01-3 has been proposed in, for example, JP-A-6-290323.

In addition, interference may be suppressed by changing the direction of high transmission output and reception sensitivity for each antenna based on the directivity of the antenna.

[0018]

Since the conventional non-contact data transmission / reception device is configured as described above, the interrogator 1 is used.
In order to set the intervals of installation of 01-1 to 101-3 to a width that allows a skier carrying ID card 102-1 to pass, interrogators 101-1 to 101-1 are provided to prevent interference. -3 and ID card 102
-1 does not transmit data at the same time, when the plurality of interrogators 101-1 to 101-3 transmit data to the corresponding ID cards 102-1 respectively,
There is a problem that the time required for data transmission increases almost in proportion to the number of cards.
When a carrier having a different frequency is used for each of 1-3,
The work of setting the frequency of the carrier wave of each of the interrogators 101-1 to 101-3 is complicated, and the interrogators 101-1 to 101-3 are complicated.
There is a problem that the transmission / reception circuits of 101-3 and the ID card 102-1 become complicated. In addition, the directions of the transmission output and the reception sensitivity are shifted as appropriate and the antenna units 4-1 to 4
When -3 is installed, there is a problem that the work of installing the antenna units 4-1 to 4-3 is complicated and the direction of the antenna may change with time after the installation.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and all interrogators for transmitting data transmit data in the same period, so that the number of interrogators increases. A non-contact data transmitting / receiving apparatus, a non-contact data transmitting / receiving method and a non-contact data transmitting / receiving system capable of narrowing an interval between antenna units of an interrogator without substantially increasing a time required for transmitting data. Aim.

[0020]

According to the present invention, there is provided a non-contact data transmission / reception device which includes a predetermined maximum data length, a predetermined data length, and a predetermined data length in front of predetermined data transmitted to a portable transmission / reception device. A transmission data generation unit for generating transmission data by adding dummy data corresponding to a difference between the transmission data and a transmission unit for starting transmission of transmission data at a predetermined timing based on a synchronization signal having a predetermined period; And a receiving unit for receiving the response data transmitted by the transmitting unit.

In the non-contact data transmitting and receiving apparatus according to the present invention, the period of the synchronization signal is set to a time longer than the sum of the transmission time of the transmission data and the transmission time of the longest response data in the response data. is there.

In the contactless data transmission / reception method according to the present invention, dummy data having a difference between a predetermined maximum data length and a predetermined data length is provided before the predetermined data transmitted to the first transmission / reception device. Is added to generate transmission data, and transmission of transmission data is started at a predetermined timing based on a synchronization signal having a predetermined period.

According to the present invention, there is provided a non-contact data transmission / reception system comprising: a synchronizing signal generating means for generating a synchronizing signal having a periodically changing potential; a receiving unit for receiving transmitted data; and a data received by the receiving unit. Non-contact with a portable first transmission / reception device having a processing unit for performing a process according to the above, and a transmission unit for transmitting response data generated in the processing by the processing unit, a predetermined maximum A transmitting unit that transmits transmission data generated by adding dummy data of a difference between the data length and the data length of the predetermined data to the first transmission / reception device at a timing when the potential of the synchronization signal changes; A receiving unit for receiving response data transmitted by the transmitting unit of the transmitting / receiving device,
And a predetermined number of second transmission / reception devices arranged at predetermined intervals.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a non-contact data transmission / reception system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a gate or the like which is a ticket inspection device installed at a ski lift platform, and FIG. 1-1 to 1-
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transponder 4 and configurations of transponders 2-1 to 2-4. In FIG. 1, 1-1 to 1-4 are interrogators (non-contact data transmitting / receiving device, second transmitting / receiving device), and 2-1 to 2-4 are between the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4. Are transponders (portable transmission / reception devices, first transmission / reception devices) such as an ID card configured by, for example, an IC card for transmitting and receiving data.
Reference numeral 1-4 denotes a synchronization signal oscillator (synchronization signal generation means) for generating a synchronization signal used for synchronizing a data transmission period, and reference numeral 5 denotes a synchronization signal oscillator 6 and an interrogator 1-1.
1 to 4 respectively.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes interrogators 1-1 to 1-4.
, 2 is the same transponder as the transponders 2-1 to 2-4, 3 is a display such as a liquid crystal display, and 4 is an antenna unit. In the interrogator 1, 11 generates transmission data by adding dummy data of a difference between a predetermined maximum data length and the data length of the data to be transmitted to the transponder 2 to generate transmission data. 6, the synchronous signal line 5 and the synchronous signal line connection terminal 17
At the timing when the potential of the synchronization signal supplied via the interface changes from the H level to the L level, the transmission data is output to the transmission unit 13 to start transmission of the transmission data, and is received and demodulated by the reception unit 16. And a control unit (transmission data generation unit) that receives response data from the transponder 2. The control unit 11 performs a process corresponding to the received data, appropriately outputs display data to the display 3 via the connection terminal 18, and drives, for example, the flapper 111-1 via the connection terminal 19. For example, a control signal is output to the drive unit.

The period of the synchronization signal is set to be longer than the sum of the time required for transmitting the transmission data and the time required for transmitting the response data having the maximum length in the response data of the transponder 2.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an oscillator for generating a carrier having a predetermined frequency, and reference numeral 13 denotes an oscillator 1 based on a predetermined modulation method.
2 is a transmitting unit that modulates the carrier supplied by 2 with data from the control unit 11 and transmits the generated modulated wave via the antenna unit 4, and 16 corresponds to an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave detected by the antenna unit 4. The receiving unit demodulates response data from the electric signal based on a demodulation method corresponding to the modulation method in the modulation unit 26 of the transponder 2.

In the transponder 2, reference numeral 21 denotes a receiving unit that detects an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave transmitted from the antenna unit 4 of the interrogator 1 and outputs the electric signal to a power supply circuit 22 and a demodulation unit 23. The power supply circuit extracts a carrier wave component from the obtained electric signal and stores DC power generated by rectifying the extracted component in the capacitor Cb. In addition,
The capacitor Cb is used as a power supply for a circuit provided in the transponder 2.

Reference numeral 23 demodulates the original data from the received electric signal corresponding to the electromagnetic wave or the radio wave based on the demodulation method corresponding to the modulation method in the transmission unit 13 of the interrogator 1.
A demodulation unit that outputs the data to the control unit 24;
Performs a process corresponding to the data from the demodulation unit 23, stores the result of the process in a memory 25 such as a non-volatile memory, and, as response data,
The control unit 24 outputs the modulated wave to the transmitting unit 2 based on a predetermined modulation method, by modulating a carrier generated by an oscillator (not shown) with data from the control unit 24.
Reference numeral 27 denotes a modulator which outputs the modulated wave from the modulator 26 as electromagnetic waves or radio waves.

Next, the operation will be described. 3 and 4
FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating an operation when data transmission and reception between four sets of interrogators and transponders are performed in parallel.

First, the synchronizing signal oscillator 6 generates a synchronizing signal having a period (TH + TL) in which the period in which the potential is at the H level is set to TH and the period in which the potential is at the L level is set to TL. Controller 11 of interrogators 1-1 to 1-4
To supply.

The control unit 11 of the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 adds dummy data to the front of data to be transmitted to the transponders 2-1 to 2-4 to generate transmission data to be actually transmitted. Then, at the timing when the potential of the synchronization signal changes from the H level to the L level, the transmission data is output to the transmission unit 13,
Start transmission of transmission data.

The length of the transmission data is set so that the time required for transmitting the transmission data by all the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 is the same. Further, in the synchronization signal shown in FIG. 3, the period TL and the period for transmitting the transmission data match, but the two need not particularly match.
As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the period for transmitting the transmission data may be longer or shorter than the period TL.

The transmission unit 13 of the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 modulates the carrier supplied from the oscillator 12 with the transmission data from the control unit 11, and transmits the generated modulated wave via the antenna unit 4. It transmits to corresponding transponders 2-1 to 2-4, respectively. When transmitting fixed-length data in this way, the data transmission ends at the same time by matching the data transmission start time with the time at which the potential of the synchronization signal changes. Then, the transponders 2-1 to 2-4 execute the transmission of the response data during the period when the data transmission is not executed by the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4.

The receiving units 21 of the transponders 2-1 to 2-4 detect the electromagnetic waves or radio waves transmitted from the antenna unit 4 of the interrogator 1, and output the electric signals to the power supply circuit 22 and the demodulation unit 23. The power supply circuit 22 extracts a carrier component of the electric signal, rectifies the extracted carrier component, and stores the rectified carrier component in the capacitor Cb. On the other hand, the demodulation unit 23 demodulates the original data from the supplied electric signal based on the demodulation method corresponding to the modulation method in the transmission unit 13 of the interrogator 1, and outputs the data to the control unit 24.

The control section 24 performs various processes in accordance with the data, and outputs response data as a result to the modulation section 26. The modulating units 26 of the transponders 2-1 to 2-4 modulate the carrier with the response data based on a predetermined modulation method, and output the generated modulated wave to the transmitting unit 27.
Transmits the modulated wave from the modulator 26 as an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave.

The receiving unit 1 of the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4
6 is based on a demodulation scheme corresponding to the modulation scheme in the modulation unit 26 of the transponder 2 from an electric signal corresponding to an electromagnetic wave or a radio wave transmitted from the transponders 2-1 to 2-4 and detected by the antenna unit 4. And demodulates the response data.
Output to 1. It should be noted that the response data is stored in the interrogators 1-1 to 1
-4 is set in advance so as to arrive from the time when the data transmission is completed to the next timing when the value of the synchronization signal changes from the H level to the L level. In this way, after all the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 have completed receiving the response data, the data transmission is started next. Control unit 1 of interrogators 1-1 to 1-4
Upon receiving the response data, 1 performs predetermined processing (for example, display of data from the transponders 2-1 to 2-4) according to the response data.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, all the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 for transmitting data transmit data during the same period TL. The interference is suppressed without increasing the time required for the communication, and the installation interval of the antenna unit 4 of the interrogators 1-1 to 1-4 is narrowed (about 0.9 m).
The effect that it can be obtained is obtained.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless data transmission / reception system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The non-contact data transmission / reception system according to the second embodiment has a synchronization signal oscillator 20 built in any one of the interrogators 1A among the plurality of interrogators. In the interrogator 1A shown in FIG. 5A, the synchronization signal oscillator (synchronization signal generation means) 20 is a control unit 11 of the interrogation unit 1A.
And a synchronization signal to the interrogators 1-2 to 1-4 via the synchronization signal line 5.

The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the synchronization signal oscillator 20 is built in the interrogator 1A,
There is no need to provide a new housing for the synchronous signal oscillator 20, so that the cost can be reduced and the place for installing the device can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 5B, the interrogator 1
A is the terminal of the synchronization signal line 5, and the control unit 11 of the interrogator 1A
In addition, a function of monitoring a synchronization signal transmitted through the synchronization signal line 5 may be provided so that disconnection of the synchronization signal line 5 can be detected. In addition, the control unit 11 of the interrogators 1-2 to 1-4 to which the synchronization signal is supplied is provided with a function of monitoring that the synchronization signal is supplied correctly by referring to the clock generated by itself. It may be.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5B or FIG. 5C, the synchronization signal oscillator 20 is connected only to the synchronization signal line 5, and the interrogators 1A and 1-2 are connected via the synchronization signal line 5. ~
By supplying the synchronization signal to the control units 11 of the control units 1-4, the synchronization signal propagates through the synchronization signal line 5 and the control unit 1
1 is supplied to the first interrogator 1A, and the plurality of interrogators 1A, 1-2 to 1-4 can be set to more accurately transmit data in the same period TL. can get.

In the above embodiment, transmission of transmission data is started at the timing when the potential of the synchronization signal changes from H level to L level.
Instead of timing of changing to level, change from L level to H
The transmission of the transmission data may be started at the timing of changing to the level.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the interrogator 1A supplies a synchronization signal such as a pulse signal indicating the start of data transmission to the other interrogators 1-2 to 1-4, when the data transmission ends. The other interrogators 1-2 to 1-4 supply the transmission completion signal to the interrogator 1A, and transmit the transmission completion signal to all the other interrogators 1 to 1.
The interrogator 1A may supply the interrogator 1A with the next data synchronization signal to the other interrogators 1-2 to 1-4 after receiving from the 2-1 to 1-4 and completing the transmission by itself.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, the predetermined maximum data length and the data length of the predetermined data are provided before the predetermined data transmitted to the first transmitting / receiving device as the transponder. The transmission data is generated by adding the dummy data of only the difference of the transmission data, and the transmission of the transmission data is started at a predetermined timing based on a synchronization signal having a predetermined period. , And each transponder can transmit response data in the same period of time, and even if the number of interrogators increases, there is almost no increase in the time required for data transmission, And the installation interval of the antenna unit of the interrogator can be reduced.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily transmit data in the same period simply by making the data transmission start time coincide with the timing at which the potential of the synchronization signal changes. is there.

According to the present invention, the period of the synchronization signal is set to a time longer than the sum of the transmission time of the transmission data and the transmission time of the longest response data in the response data. The transmission of data is started next after the reception of the data is surely completed, and there is an effect that interference can be further suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless data transmission / reception system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the interrogator and the transponder of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating an operation when data transmission and reception between four sets of interrogators and transponders are performed in parallel.

FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating an operation when data transmission and reception between four sets of interrogators and transponders are performed in parallel.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless data transmission / reception system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless data transmission / reception system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a gate which is a ticket inspection apparatus installed at a ski lift landing to which a conventional non-contact data transmission / reception apparatus is applied.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart illustrating transmission and reception of data when interference occurs.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1-1-1-4,1A Interrogator (non-contact data transmitting / receiving device, second transmitting / receiving device) 2,2-1-1-2-4 Responder (portable transmitting / receiving device, first transmitting / receiving device) 6 Synchronous Signal Oscillator (Synchronous Signal Generating Unit) 11 Control Unit (Transmission Data Generating Unit) 24 Control Unit 13, 27 Transmitting Unit 16, 21 Receiving Unit 20 Synchronous Signal Oscillator (Synchronous Signal Generating Unit)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A receiving unit that receives transmitted data, a processing unit that performs processing in accordance with data received by the receiving unit, and a transmitting unit that transmits response data generated in the processing by the processing unit. A non-contact data transmitting and receiving apparatus for transmitting and receiving data to and from a portable transmitting and receiving apparatus having non-contact, wherein a predetermined maximum data length and a predetermined maximum data length are provided in front of predetermined data to be transmitted to the portable transmitting and receiving apparatus. A transmission data generation unit for generating transmission data by adding dummy data having a difference from the data length of predetermined data, and a transmission for starting transmission of the transmission data at a predetermined timing based on a synchronization signal having a predetermined cycle A non-contact data transmission / reception device, comprising: a reception unit that receives response data transmitted by a transmission unit of the portable transmission / reception device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the period of the synchronization signal is longer than the sum of the transmission time of the transmission data and the transmission time of the longest response data in the response data. Contact data transmitting and receiving device. 3. A receiving unit for receiving transmitted data, a processing unit for performing a process according to the data received by the receiving unit, and a transmitting unit for transmitting response data generated in the processing by the processing unit. A portable first transmitting / receiving device having: a transmitting unit arranged at a predetermined interval and transmitting predetermined data; a receiving unit receiving response data transmitted by the transmitting unit of the first transmitting / receiving device; And a control unit that controls the transmission unit and the reception unit. The data transmission / reception unit can contactlessly transmit data to and from a second transmission / reception device closest to the first transmission / reception device among a predetermined number of second transmission / reception devices. In the non-contact data transmission / reception method for performing transmission / reception, before the predetermined data to be transmitted to the first transmission / reception device, a dummy of only a difference between a predetermined maximum data length and a data length of the predetermined data is provided. Contactless data transmission and reception method characterized by adding data to generate transmission data, starts transmission of the transmission data at a predetermined timing based on the synchronization signal having a predetermined period. 4. A synchronizing signal generating means for generating a synchronizing signal whose potential changes periodically, a receiving unit for receiving transmitted data, and a processing unit for performing processing according to the data received by the receiving unit And a portable first transmitting / receiving device having a transmitting unit for transmitting response data generated in the processing by the processing unit, without a predetermined maximum data length and the predetermined data in front of predetermined data. A transmission unit that transmits transmission data generated by adding dummy data corresponding to the difference in data length to the first transmission / reception device at a timing when the potential of the synchronization signal changes; A non-contact data transmission / reception system, comprising: a reception unit for receiving response data transmitted by a transmission unit of the device; and a predetermined number of second transmission / reception devices arranged at predetermined intervals.