JPH11277999A - High quality wood grain decorative material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a high-quality wood grain decorative material that simulates the texture of wood fiber seen on the skin of a tree. SOLUTION: In a grain image 10, a position where the texture of wood fiber is desired to be reproduced is specified by three groups of line segments of a binarized line image 20, and at each position, the density of the bark is increased / decreased on the left and right of the line segment 3. Then, a contrast-processed image 30 having a contrast is created by image processing by a computer, and gravure printing, printing, embossing, and the like are performed based on the contrast-processed image 30.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wood grain decorative material which simulates the wood fiber feeling of a natural wood board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Wood-grained decorative materials that faithfully reproduce the woodgrain pattern and woodgrain pipe cross-section pattern of a natural wood board to enhance the texture, luxury, and design are interior materials for buildings, furniture, and home appliances. It is often used for cabinet surface materials.

[0003]

However, the details of the wood fiber appearing on the skin portion other than the annual ring pattern and the cross-section pattern of the wood grain conduit are extremely fine, and the makeup reproduces the texture of the wood fiber of the wood skin. There is a problem that it is extremely difficult to obtain a material. This is because conventional methods such as silver halide photography and digital image input using a scanner, or image input using a digital camera, already provide the resolution necessary to reproduce subtle details such as wood fiber at that point. This is because it cannot be done. On the other hand, attempts have been made to simulate the appearance of the fiber in the skin using hairline and line patterns, but it was still insufficient to faithfully reproduce it. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wood grain decorative material having a high-quality texture that simulates a fine wood-texture wood fiber texture by applying image processing technology by a computer. I do.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems A high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, comprises an image comprising at least a wood grain image and a wood grain image formed on a base material. The image consists of an image portion other than the wood fiber in the image of the surface of the natural wood board, and the skin image is
An aggregate which is two-dimensionally distributed so as to overlap with the grain image so that the length directions of the plurality of rectangular patterns having a predetermined range length and a width shorter than the length substantially coincide with the orientation direction of the wood fiber. The rectangular pattern has an optical density that changes in the width direction, and the texture of the wood fiber portion of the surface of the natural wood board is reproduced in a pseudo manner. I do.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the term "cosmetic material" is defined. The decorative material is a sheet or plate on the surface of which a pattern (that is, an image) is printed by gravure printing or the like.
As the material of the base material, usually, polyolefin resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, olefin thermoplastic elastomer, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, ABS,
Thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, melamine resins, unsaturated (thermosetting) polyester resins, thermosetting resins such as two-pack curing (thermosetting) urethane resins, radical polymerizable unsaturated acrylates, and cationic polymerizable epoxy resins. An ionizing radiation curable resin or the like obtained by crosslinking with ionizing radiation (ultraviolet rays, electron beams, etc.) is used. The image is formed on the front surface, the back surface (when the substrate is transparent), or both the front and back surfaces of the base material. In addition, applications include building interior materials such as walls, floors, and ceilings, doors, window frames, door frames, surface materials for fittings such as handrails, surface materials for housings for home appliances, and surfaces for furniture such as chests of drawers. Materials, surface materials of containers such as boxes, interior materials of vehicles and the like, interior materials of ships, and the like.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a composite image used for a high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention. FIG. 1A is an example of a grain image 10 of an image portion other than wood fibers in an image of a natural wood board surface. Such a wood grain image is input to a computer using a CEPS (COLOR ELECTRONIC PREPRESS SYSYTEM) scanner or an image taken directly with a digital camera, using a natural wood board as an original and photographed with photographic film. A digital image obtained is read out as a wood grain image, excluding the fine structure pattern of the wood fiber in the wood skin, such as the annual ring pattern of the wood grain, the change in color tone, the conduit pattern, and the shine. That is, a macro pattern such as an annual ring can be taken into an input image pattern by a normal image input method, but it is difficult to read even a texture of a wood fiber having fine details appearing on the skin of a tree. Therefore, when an image is input by a normal method, the skin portion with wood fibers is expressed with a flat gradation. If the fine pattern of the wood fiber is input halfway and hinders the reproduction of the wood texture image described later, such a fine structure pattern in the wood texture is excluded from the wood grain image by printing optical processing or digital image processing. May be. Therefore, the image of the wooden skin portion is taken into a print image by another method described below. In general, the wood fibers of the natural wood board appear microscopically in the vertical direction on the skin of the early part 2 rather than the late part 1, and their length, width, etc. vary depending on the grain pattern and the location. The wood grain image shown in FIG. 1A is output in advance on a CEPS display and subjected to endless correction and other gradation correction according to the circumference of the printing cylinder to be used.

FIG. 1B shows a binarized line segment image 20.
The plurality of line segments 3 are oriented in a direction substantially parallel to or substantially parallel to the orientation of the wood fibers so as to approximate the wood fibers appearing on the skin of the natural wood board serving as the manuscript, and are two-dimensionally arranged. These line segments are composed of a plurality of types having a length falling within a predetermined range. These line segments are virtual on digital data, have only a two-dimensional position distribution and length, and have no particular width. The distribution of the line segment 3 is a distribution approximating the woodgrain pattern to be reproduced. However, for a woodgrain pattern in which the latewood portion 1 does not clearly appear, such as a maple pattern, a random function algorithm is used. Although the distribution may be used, it is generally preferable to distribute the distribution using an algorithm having a regularity such that the distribution is gathered more frequently in the early wood portion 2. The line segment image 20 having the above characteristics as shown in FIG. 1B can be easily formed by using a computer graphic technique. In addition, a plate having many conduits such as Lauan can be photographed. Scanner input the obtained conduit pattern,
You may create it based on it. The digitized line segment image 20 is stored in a CEPS storage device as digital image data in the same manner as the grain image 10 in FIG.

Next, image processing is performed by a computer using the wood grain image 10 and the line segment image 20, and as shown in FIG. 1C, the wood grain image 10 and the wood grain image (indicated by dotted lines) are synthesized. A contrast-processed image 30 is formed, which is used to create a high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention. The method of forming the contrast processed image 30 is performed based on the grain image 10. First, the grain image 10 and the line segment image 20 are overlapped, and the position and the size of the image processing in the grain image 10 are specified by the position coordinates of each line segment 3 of the line segment image 20 overlapping the grain image 10. Then, the initial image density of the skin of the specified portion is increased / decreased in the width direction in an area having a predetermined width on the left and right of the line segment 3 as a boundary, and a density difference, that is, a rectangular pattern is provided on the left and right of the line segment 3. A set of C is superimposed on the grain image 10 and two-dimensionally distributed to obtain a contrast-processed image. (Hereinafter, this processing is referred to as contrast processing.) The pattern is shown by an enlarged view of the processing section around the line segment 3 in FIG. In this figure, + represents line segment 3
The density is higher than the portion, and-means lower density than the line segment 3 portion. The density here is the optical (transmission or reflection) of the image
It refers to concentration. By contrast processing, line segment 3
Is given a width and a density difference in the width direction, and becomes a rectangular pattern C expressing wood fibers.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a density step in the width direction of the rectangular pattern C provided by the contrast processing. Assuming that the width of the rectangular pattern C formed by the contrast processing is W, the width extending right and left from the center line of the line segment 3 in this area, W1 and W2 are within a predetermined range, and the widths W1 and W2 are It is about 50 to 500 μm on the printed matter, and it is preferable that about 2 to 3 pixels (printing dots or cells) are arranged in them. Also,
Both W1> W2, W1 = W2, W1 <W2 are possible. The density difference in the width direction in this region can be appropriately selected from the examples shown in FIG. Note that FIG.
3A to 3D, the density change D (x-axis) in the width (x-axis) direction is superimposed on a plan view of the rectangular pattern C formed by the contrast processing (only the width direction and the entire length is omitted). ) Is illustrated. In these figures, W
The case where 1 = W2 = W / 2 is illustrated. FIG. 2A: First, the overall width W of the rectangular pattern C (normally about 100 to 1000 μm) is set. Then, an area having a width W / 2 is set on the left side of the line segment 3 and an area having a width W / 2 is set on the right side of the line segment 3 as long as the total width does not exceed the preset W. Further, with the line segment 3 as the center, the width H
/ 2 (however, -H / 2 <W / 2, H / 2 <W / 2). Then, the initial image density D0 (the density of the grain image itself)
In the region of H / 2 ≦ x ≦ W / 2 on the right side of the line segment 3
(> D0), -H / 2 ≦ x <H /
The area of No. 2 remains at the density D0 and -W on the left side of the line segment 3
The density difference .DELTA.D is provided in three stages by changing the area of /2.ltoreq.x<-H/2 to the density D2 (<D0). FIG. 2 (b): On the left and right of the line segment 3, an area having a width W / 2 on the left side within a range not exceeding the preset overall width W;
An area having a width W / 2 is provided on the right side. The initial image density D0 of the wooden skin portion is defined as the density D in the area of 0 <x ≦ W / 2 on the right
1 (> D0) and −W / 2 ≦ x <0 on the left side of line segment 3.
The density difference .DELTA.D is provided in two stages by changing the density to D2 (<D0) in the region (1). FIG. 2 (c): In the region of the entire width W including the line segment 3,
From the density D2 at the left end (x = -W / 2) to the right end (x = W /
Eight levels of density difference ΔD are provided up to the density D1 of 2). FIG. 2D: In the region of the entire width W including the line segment 3,
An area having a width W / 2 is provided on the left side of the line segment 3, and an area having a width W / 2 is provided on the right side of the line segment 3. -W / from the left end to line segment 3
In the region of 2 ≦ x <0, the density from D0 to D2 (D0−
D2) / 4 as one step, giving four levels of density. In the region of 0 <x ≦ W / 2 from the line segment 3 to the right end, the density from D1 to (D1 -D0) / 4 (D1- D0
) / 4 is taken as one step to give a four-step density difference. Then, the density of the left and right portions at the line segment 3 is shown in FIGS.
It changes with a step larger than (c).

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a rectangular pattern formed by performing a contrast process on a grain image. FIG. 3 (a) corresponds to FIG. 2 (a), in which the initial density D0 is retained in the area of the width H centered on the line segment 3 and the outside of the processing area L × W of the rectangular pattern C. However, the left and right sides of the area of width H in the rectangular pattern C
1, D2, and a three-level density difference ΔD occurs in the width direction of the rectangular pattern C. Further, in FIG. 3A, the width H of the central region is changed to be maximum at the central portion in the length direction and to converge to 0 at the upper and lower ends in the length direction. FIG. 3B shows a case corresponding to FIG. 2B, in which the initial density D0 is retained in areas other than the processing area L × W, but the processing area L × W is bounded by the line segment 3. The left and right sides become the densities D1 and D2, and a two-stage density difference ΔD is generated. Although illustration is omitted, in the case corresponding to FIGS. 2C and 2D, a multi-step density difference ΔD is formed. The number of steps can be increased as appropriate according to the resolution of the digital images of the grain image 10 and the line segment image 20.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the effect of the contrast processing on a printed image. Since a printed image is actually complicated due to overlapping printing dots of multicolor printing, FIG. 4 shows only printing dots of one color by one plate. FIG. 2B shows the case where the contrast processing is the simplest as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
On the left and right sides of the rectangular pattern C having the entire width W formed by performing the contrast processing on the print sheet, the size of the halftone dots clearly changes, and the difference in the aggregate density (visual density) of the halftone dots. Has occurred. That is, the halftone dot area ratio is small and low density on the left side of the line segment 3, and the halftone dot area ratio is high and high density on the right side of the line segment 3. The widths W1 and W2 on the left and right sides are sized so that two or three halftone dots can be inserted therein. By distributing such a rectangular pattern C having a contrast at the specified position and size of the wooden skin portion, the contrast-processed image 30 is obtained.
Is obtained. Then, by making and printing a plate based on this image, the texture of the wood fiber can be reproduced in a pseudo manner, and a high-quality texture not provided in the conventional wood grain decorative material can be given.

The line segment 3 initially input as the line segment image 10 is only on the digital image data used for specifying the position and size of the contrast processing, and is not included in the final cosmetic material as an image. It does not appear. The width of the line segment 3 is theoretically 0, and can be ignored in the digital calculation stage. Further, it is preferable that the length of the line segment 3 varies in the range of 1 to 10 mm. For this variation, various distributions such as a normal distribution having a predetermined average value and variance are used. In addition, the left and right half widths W of the center line of the line segment 3 of the rectangular pattern C
1, W2 is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 [mu] m as described above, and it is preferable to cover about 2 to 3 halftone dots on the printed matter. That is, the printing of the high quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention is performed, for example, with a screen ruling of 150
In the case of performing line / inch gravure printing, since the width of one pixel is 167 μm, the total width W is 300 to 500.
It is within the range of about μm. Further, it is preferable that the difference between the left and right densities of the line segment 3 provided in the contrast processing is within ± 5% of the initial density D0 before the contrast processing. Anything above this will give an unnatural glare. The wood fiber feeling can be expressed with a slight density difference (contrast) in the low density wood skin portion, while a considerable contrast must be provided in the high density portion. It may be changed as a function of the density D0. Also. The density step shown in FIG. 2 (either from left to right or from right to left) may be appropriately selected and adopted as appropriate according to the grain pattern to be reproduced and the texture of the wood fiber. If necessary, a line segment image 2 composed of a group of parallel line segments as shown in FIG.
The orientation of the group of line segments can be deflected so that 0 is substantially parallel to the annual ring pattern of the wood grain image 10, for example, the orientation direction of the late wood part 1 and the early wood part 2 in FIG. By doing so, it is possible to more faithfully reproduce the texture of the skin. Note that there may be a portion where the line segment 3 crosses the late material portion 1. This is because even if contrast processing is performed in the latex part 1, it is hardly noticeable.

The image processing flow by the computer described above is as follows. Creation and reading of a line segment image 20 having a woody fiber feel Reading of the grain image 10 (other than the skin image) to be reproduced Specifying the position and size of the line segment image 20 on the grain image 10 by the line segment 3 Contrast processing The contrast-processed image 30 used in the high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention is obtained as a composite image composed of the wood grain image 10 (except for the wood grain part) and the wood grain image 20 '.

Next, a typical example of a method for producing a high quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention using the above-described composite image 30 will be described. In addition, the following decorative materials and the manufacturing method thereof are examples, and the high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The digital data of the composite image 30 is output by a direct exposure device using laser beam scanning onto a copper plating layer of a gravure printing cylinder on which a resist photosensitive film has been formed in advance, exposed, baked, developed, and formed into a resist pattern. When the non-resist pattern is corroded on the surface using an aqueous ferric chloride solution, a gravure printing plate is formed. This operation and working conditions are the same as those of a conventional gravure printing plate. Instead of using a direct exposure apparatus, an original film may be produced by outputting to a photographic film, and plate making may be performed by a conventional direct gravure printing method. Normal,
The printing of the wood pattern is performed by three to four color printing. For this purpose, it is preferable to use the composite image 30 for each color plate obtained by performing the above-described contrast processing on all plate making of each color plate. This is because, if the composite image 30 is used only for one version and a normal image that is not subjected to contrast processing is used for the other version, a color shift occurs in the contrast processing unit. When multicolor gravure printing is performed on a base sheet using a normal gravure printing machine using the above gravure printing plate, a printed sheet in which the texture of wood fibers is reproduced in a pseudo manner can be obtained. Next, when the wood grain conduit groove constitutes an important detail of the wood grain pattern, the embossing process is further tuned to the wood grain pattern (may not be synchronized). Give embossed decorative material. As a typical method for forming an embossed decorative material, there is a method of pressing an embossing plate against a base sheet made of a thermoplastic resin such as a polyolefin resin or polyvinyl chloride. To further classify this method, a single-layer sheet (printed top substrate sheet) is heated and softened, and an embossing plate is pressed or embossed on a transparent top sheet,
The embossed sheet is laminated with the printed base sheet to form a two-layer laminated decorative sheet, or the top sheet and the base sheet are heat-sealed with the heat and pressure applied when the embossing plate is pressed. Laminate at the same time by doubling embossing to form a two-layer laminate, or melt and extrude the top base sheet from the T-die and contact it on the embossing plate cylinder which also serves as a cooling roll, emboss it and insert it into the back of the top sheet Doubling and embossing in-line by heat fusion with the base sheet
There is a method of forming a layer laminate. As another method, as disclosed in JP-A-57-87318, JP-A-7-32476, and the like, an uncured liquid material of an ionizing radiation-curable resin is applied to an embossing plate, and furthermore, After irradiating with ionizing radiation in a state where the base material is stacked on the base material and curing the liquid material to form a top sheet and bonding it to the base material sheet, the mold material is released from the emboss plate, and the unevenness of the emboss plate is formed. A method may be used. In addition, if necessary, the wood grain conduit groove embossed by wiping or the like has black,
Filling with brown ink, etc., and finishing the wood grain decorative sheet by controlling the gloss of the entire top sheet with a matting coating agent. Finally, when a backing material suitable for the final use, for example, a honeycomb board or the like is bonded to be processed into a door, a high quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention can be obtained.

[0015]

According to the present invention, the right and left density differences in the rectangular pattern C having the position and the area on the grain image 10 specified based on the line segment image 20 created in advance by computer graphics are provided. As a result, it is possible to obtain a high-quality wood grain decorative material that simulates the texture of wood fibers appearing on the skin of the tree.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a composite image used for a high-quality wood grain decorative material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a density step of a rectangular pattern C provided by contrast processing.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a rectangular pattern formed by performing contrast processing on a grain image.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an effect of a contrast process on a print image.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 late wood part 2 early wood part 3 line segment 10 grain image 20 line segment image, binarized line segment image 20 'wood texture image 30 contrast processed image C rectangular pattern D0 initial density of wood texture D1, D2 contrast processing of wood texture Subsequent density L Length of line segment H Width of line segment W Width of rectangular pattern, width of contrast processing area ΔD Density difference in rectangular pattern

Claims (1)

[Claims] An image comprising at least a grain image and a grain image is formed on a base material, and the grain image comprises an image portion other than wood fibers in an image of a natural wood board surface. The wood texture image is two-dimensionally distributed so as to overlap with the wood grain image such that the length directions of the plurality of rectangular patterns having a predetermined range of length and a width shorter than the length substantially coincide with the orientation direction of the wood fiber. Is an aggregate consisting of
The rectangular pattern is obtained by changing the optical density in the width direction, and the wood fiber texture of the surface of the natural wood board is reproduced in a pseudo manner. .