JPH11197439A - Dehumidification air-conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy-saving and compact dehumidification air- conditioner by making up an air-conditioner of a dessicating agent showing a significant difference between the adsorption and desorption of moisture, even when it is used at a regeneration temperature of 50-70 deg.C. SOLUTION: This dehumidification air-conditioner has a channel for air to be treated by adsorbing moisture with a dessicating agent and a channel for a regenerating air which passes through the dessicating agent adsorbing the moisture to desorb the moisture from the agent for regenerating after the regenerating air is heated by a heating source. Thus the treated air and the regenerated air pass through the dessicating agent. In this dehumidification air-conditioner, the dessicating agent to be used is a porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieve commonly known as AIPO4-n having an essential skeletal structure with a chemical composition of Al2 O3 : 1.0±0.2 P2 O5 as the molar ratio of a oxide.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dehumidifying air conditioner, and more particularly to a dehumidifying air conditioner capable of continuously performing a desiccant adsorption process with a desiccant and a desiccant regeneration process with regenerated air heated by a heating source. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 shows a process air path through which moisture is adsorbed by a desiccant, and a regeneration process in which the water in the desiccant is desorbed by being heated by a heating source and passing through the desiccant after the adsorption of the moisture. This is a conventional technology of a dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus having an air path and allowing desiccant to alternately flow between processing air and regeneration air. This is a processing air path A, a regeneration air path B, and a desiccant rotor 103.
, Two sensible heat exchangers 104 and 121 and a heater 220
Using the humidifier 105 as a main component, the processing air is dehumidified by the desiccant rotor 103, and the processing air whose temperature has been increased by the heat of moisture adsorption of the desiccant is supplied to the first sensible heat exchanger 1.
After cooling by exchanging heat with the regeneration air at 04, the humidifier humidifies and supplies the air to the air-conditioned space, and the regeneration air is taken in from the external space (OA) and the first sensible heat exchanger 10
After the heat is exchanged with the processing air in step 4 and the temperature rises, the heater 2
At 20, the relative humidity was lowered by heating by the heating source 200, and the moisture was passed through the desiccant rotor 129 to desorb and regenerate the moisture in the desiccant rotor 129. In this conventional example, the sensible heat component of the regenerated air after regeneration is further recovered by exchanging heat with the regenerated air before heating in the second sensible heat exchanger 121, and then discharged to the outside (EX). Was. Such a technique is called so-called desiccant air conditioning, and has a high practical value as a technique capable of controlling the humidity of the air-conditioned space.

As described in US Pat. No. 5,052,188, it is known that silica gel or zeolite (molecular sieve) is used as a desiccant used for such desiccant air conditioning. No. 5,052,188, is a modified zeolite classified as Brunauer type 1 and has an isothermal separation factor of 0.07 to
It is stated that a range of 0.5 is optimal for a desiccant air conditioner that heats regeneration air with combustion gas. Known materials for desiccant materials for desiccant air conditioners that heat regeneration air with this kind of combustion gas include USP
U.S. Pat. No. 5,052,18 discloses that zeolite is used.
Other than No. 8, there is no suggestion about the adsorption characteristics. In the past, lithium chloride was sometimes used as a hygroscopic substance. However, in a high-humidity environment, lithium chloride is deliquescent and has a drawback of falling off from the rotor, so that it is gradually used.

[0004]

In the prior art as described above, in the desiccant air conditioner in which the regeneration air is heated by the combustion gas, the regeneration temperature of the desiccant is determined by the aforementioned US Pat.
101 ° C (215 ° F) in P5,052,188, 143 ° C in USP3,889,742
(290 ° F.), and zeolite is suitable as a desiccant suitable for such a regeneration temperature. In particular, as shown in FIG. 11, the isothermal separation factor (separation factor) is in the range of 0.07 to 0.5. It is described in the above-mentioned US Pat. No. 5,052,188 that it is optimal to have an adsorption characteristic indicated by an adsorption isotherm.
However, when various waste heat or solar heat is to be used as a desiccant regeneration heat source, it is easier to put the regeneration temperature to 65 to 75 ° C. because there are many available heat sources, and it is easy to put it to practical use. And an isothermal separation factor (separation factor) of 0.
Zeolites in the range of 07-0.5 are not always optimal. The reason will be described below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 shows a method disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,052,18.
8 is an adsorption isotherm of zeolite described in No. 8.
When outside air is used as regenerating air for desiccant air conditioning, those skilled in the art of air conditioning design generally assume an absolute humidity of about 20 to 21 g / kg in summer. When such air is heated to 101 ° C., its relative humidity becomes
About 3.0%. On the other hand, the relative humidity of the treated air to be adsorbed is generally 27 ° C. in dry-bulb temperature and 19 ° C. in wet-bulb temperature based on the indoor conditions specified by JIS-C9612 of the air conditioner, and the relative humidity at that time is about 50%. It is. The desiccant thus alternates between 50% process air and 3.0% process air. As shown in FIG. 11, the water content of the zeolite when equilibrated by being brought into contact with the regeneration air is expressed by the formula X =
Using a function represented by P / (R + P-RP), the isotherm separation factor R = 0.1, and when the relative humidity is 3.0%, when P = 0.030, X = 0.23
It becomes 6.

On the other hand, the water content of the zeolite when equilibrated by contact with treated air from the room is calculated as follows: Isotherm separation factor R = 0.1 and P = 0.5 = 0.910. Therefore, when the regenerated air is heated to 101 ° C. using zeolite, the desiccant has a difference in relative adsorption of 0.910−0.236 = 0.6.
The value obtained by multiplying 74 by the maximum adsorption amount of 0.25 kg / kg is 0.1.
69 kg / kg of water can be absorbed and desorbed. If a material such as silica gel is used, whose adsorption isotherm has a linear (isothermal separation factor R = 1) characteristic, the difference in the amount of adsorption and desorption is 0.500-0.030, as is the difference in relative humidity. = 0.4
70, the maximum amount of adsorption (usually about 0.3 kg / kg)
0.470 times, that is, 0.14 kg / kg. Thus, in this case, zeolite is more advantageous. When the regeneration temperature is as high as 101 ° C. shown in the conventional example, it is advantageous to use zeolite.
However, when a similar difference in adsorption and desorption is calculated for a regeneration temperature of 50 to 70 ° C., which is the object of the present invention, the superiority of zeolite is reduced and the difference in adsorption and desorption is greatly reduced. This will be described below.

FIG. 12 shows that the inventor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-19648.
In the prior art disclosed as FIG. 3 in No. 2, the path of the processing air in which moisture is adsorbed by the desiccant, and the water in the desiccant 103 is desorbed by passing through the desiccant after being heated by the heating source and adsorbing the moisture. A dehumidifying air-conditioning system having a desiccant 103 in which the processing air and the regeneration air alternately flow, the processing air after moisture adsorption is cooled by the low heat source 240 of the heat pump, and The regeneration air before desiccant regeneration is heated by the high heat source 220 of the heat pump. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a psychrometric chart showing the operation of the air conditioner of FIG.

As described above, when the treated air after moisture adsorption is cooled by the low heat source 240 of the heat pump, as shown in the humid air diagram of FIG. 10) can be made lower than in FIG.
It is not necessary to use the humidifier 105 used in the above, and therefore, the absolute humidity of the air after dehumidification by the desiccant 103 can be made the same as the absolute humidity of the air supply (SA), and can be higher than that in the embodiment of FIG. Therefore, as known to those skilled in the art, considering that air supply is normally performed at 8 g / kg or less under air conditioning conditions in summer, the absolute humidity of air supply, that is, after dehumidification, as shown in FIG. When the humidity of the processing air is set to 7 g / kg, the state of the processing air changes, as is known, from the indoor state to the state of 7 g / kg on the enthalpy line, and reaches a state of a relative humidity of 20% ( When the heat of adsorption is large, such as zeolite, the absolute humidity is slightly higher.
g / kg to 20% relative humidity).

[0009] On the other hand, it is known to those skilled in the art that the relative humidity of the treated air after the adsorption and the relative humidity of the regenerated air before the regeneration are respectively equal (for example, one of the American ASHRAE Society).
(See pages 23-25 of TC3.5 / Short Course Seminar held at the 997 Annual Meeting).
Therefore, the regenerated air can generate desiccant dehumidifying ability by heating the outdoor air to the relative humidity.

That is, since the absolute humidity of general outside air in summer is 15 g / kg, if this air is heated to 50 ° C., it can be used as regenerated air having a relative humidity of 20%. Rarely, the absolute humidity of the outside air may rise to 20 g / kg, but even in such a case, if the temperature is heated to 55 ° C., the desiccant generates a dehumidifying ability, and the treated air is dehumidified.
The air can be supplied at g / kg or less. Therefore, in an air conditioner having such a configuration, a desiccant having a large adsorption capacity at a regeneration temperature of about 50 to 70 ° C. is preferable. However, in the conventional zeolite, as described below, the water content (moisture content) of adsorption and desorption is considered. The conventional technology has a disadvantage that the desiccant increases.

That is, when the regeneration air having an absolute humidity of 15 g / kg is heated to 50 ° C., the relative humidity becomes about 20%.
(Exactly 18.9%). Therefore, the water content of the zeolite with the isotherm separation factor R = 0.1 when equilibrated in contact with the regeneration air is P = 0.2 when the relative humidity is 20% as shown in FIG. X =
0.71. On the other hand, the water content of the zeolite when equilibrated by contact with the processing air from the room is the same as above, and when calculated as P = 0.5, X = 0.91. Therefore, when the regenerated air is heated to 50 ° C. using the zeolite, the desiccant takes the difference between the two to obtain 0.1%.
91-0.71 = 0.20, that is, the maximum adsorption amount 0.25k
0.05 kg / kg of water 0.20 times g / kg can be adsorbed and desorbed.
1 / 3.4 compared to 169 kg / kg,
It requires a desiccant 3.4 times larger than before.

FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the temperature of the contacting air and the water content of the zeolite using the adsorption isotherm characteristic of FIG. 11 with the absolute humidity of the air as a parameter.
In the figure, point A indicates the start of adsorption, that is, the equilibrium point with room air,
Points 50 and D70 indicate the start of desorption, ie, the start of regeneration, ie, the equilibrium point with the regeneration air. It can be seen from FIG. 14 that the difference between adsorption and desorption is 0.05 kg / kg at 50 ° C. regeneration and 0.1 kg at 70 ° C. regeneration.
It is 1 kg / kg, which indicates that the desiccant containing the desiccant is required to be 3.4 to 1.5 times more than the conventional desiccant.

On the other hand, if a material such as silica gel having a linear adsorption isotherm (isothermal separation factor R = 1) is used, the difference in the amount of adsorption and desorption is the same as the difference in relative humidity.
In the case of regeneration at 50 ° C., 0.5−0.2 = 0.3, which is 0.3 times the maximum adsorption amount of 0.3 kg / kg, that is, 0.09 k.
g / kg can be adsorbed and desorbed, and at 70 ° C. regeneration (7.5% relative humidity), 0.5-0.075 = 0.425, 0.425 times the maximum adsorption amount of 0.3 kg / kg. That is, it is capable of adsorbing and desorbing at 0.127 kg / kg, which exceeds the respective values of 0.05 and 0.11 of the zeolite A. However, even in this case, the desiccant containing more desiccant than the conventional value of 0.14 kg / kg. Need.

As described above, in the prior art, 50 to 70
When used at a regeneration temperature of ° C., a desiccant containing a large amount of a hygroscopic agent is required. Therefore, the outer shape of the desiccant becomes large, so that the air conditioner becomes large and the cost is increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an air conditioner is constituted by using a desiccant capable of obtaining a large difference in water absorption and desorption even when used at a regeneration temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. Accordingly, an object is to provide an energy-saving and compact dehumidifying air conditioner.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process air path through which moisture is adsorbed by a desiccant, and a desiccant passing through the desiccant after being heated by a heating source and passing through the desiccant after the moisture adsorption. In a dehumidifying air conditioner having a desiccant and a regenerating air alternately flowing therethrough, wherein the desiccant is expressed as a molar ratio of oxide as a desiccant. ₂ O _3: 1.0 ± 0.2P dehumidifying air-conditioning characterized by using a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieves referred to as called AlPO ₄ -n with essential framework structure has a chemical composition of ₂ O ₅ Device.

Thus, an energy-saving and compact dehumidifying air conditioner is provided by forming an air conditioner using an aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve having characteristics suitable for a regeneration temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. as a desiccant. can do.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve comprises a thermally dissociable template agent (for example, trialuminum hydrate (eg, aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, pseudo-boehmite)) and phosphoric acid. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is a substance obtained by reacting with an organic base such as propylamine. By using the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve thus produced as a desiccant, a desiccant having characteristics suitable for a regeneration temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. is obtained, and an energy-saving and compact dehumidifying air conditioner is provided. be able to.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieve is d-type as shown in Table 1.
A dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing is called AlPO ₄ -5 with unique X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least. The invention described in claim 4 is
Table 2 shows porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieves.
A dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the called AlPO ₄ -8 with unique X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising at least the d- spacing shown in.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieve is d-type as shown in Table 3.
2. An AlPO ₄ -11 having a unique X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least a space.
4. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to item 1. The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve comprises:
The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 1, which is a so-called AlPO ₄ -16 having a specific X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 4.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieve is d-type as shown in Table 5.
2. An AlPO ₄ -20 having a specific X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least a space.
4. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to item 1. As described above, various kinds of porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieves called AlPO ₄ -n having pores close to the molecular diameter of water and having appropriate characteristics at a regeneration temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. are used as desiccants. Thus, by configuring the air conditioner, it is possible to provide an energy-saving and compact dehumidifying air conditioner.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the regeneration air is supplied to 70
The dehumidifying air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the desiccant is regenerated by heating to a temperature of not more than ° C. As described above, by regenerating the desiccant at the regeneration temperature suitable for the adsorption characteristics of the desiccant and using a relatively low driving heat source, an energy-saving dehumidifying air conditioner can be provided.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the processing air after moisture adsorption is cooled by a low heat source of a heat pump, and the regenerated air before desiccant regeneration is heated by a high heat source of the heat pump. 4. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to item 1. In this way, by taking heat from the treated air after moisture adsorption by the heat pump and using the heat again for the regeneration of the regeneration air, multiple effects of the driving energy of the heat pump can be achieved, and the temperature lift of the heat pump can be reduced. Since the size can be reduced, an energy-saving dehumidifying air conditioner can be provided.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a dehumidifying air conditioner according to the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment of the present invention, a heat-dissociating template agent (for example, an organic base such as tripropylamine) is used as a desiccant by dispersing alumina hydrate (for example, aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, pseudo-boehmite, etc.) and phosphoric acid. A porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve obtained by reacting with a compound represented by the formula: an essential skeleton having a chemical composition of Al ₂ O ₃ : 1.0 ± 0.2 P ₂ O ₅ , expressed as a molar ratio of oxides; A porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve having a structure and a specific X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 1 (Union Carbide as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-57041) AlPO ₄ in the company and academic society
-5) (for example, a dehumidifying air conditioner having the equipment configuration shown in FIG. 12).
It is. We, the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve adsorption properties of (aka AlPO ₄ -5) were measured with the following results.

FIG. 1 is a measured adsorption isotherm of a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5). The horizontal axis is relative humidity, and the vertical axis is adsorption at a desiccant humidity of 90%. The relative adsorption amount (relative moisture content) is defined in which the amount (maximum adsorption amount) is defined as the denominator and the adsorption amount is defined as the numerator. The characteristics of FIG.
The moisture absorption characteristics described in Example 55, that is, the water content at a temperature of 24 ° C. and a pressure of 4.6 Torr (relative humidity of 20%) of 4.6 kg / kg, a temperature of 23 ° C. and a pressure of 18.
The water content at 5 Torr (88% relative humidity) is 26.4.
kg / kg, especially with a relative humidity of 4 kg / kg.
It has the feature that the water content varies greatly between 0% and 20%. Such characteristics have also been reported by academic societies. For example, International Zeolite held in 1986
Conference paper collection `` New Developments in Zeolote Sc
ience & Technology, "Adsorption Properties of Microporous Aluminophos" on pages 539-546.
phate AlPO ₄ -5 "Fig during. 4 reported.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the temperature of the contacting air and the water content of the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5) using the adsorption isotherm of FIG. 1 using the absolute humidity of the air as a parameter. Things. In the figure, point A indicates the start of adsorption, ie, the equilibrium point with the room air, and points D50 and D70 indicate the start of desorption, ie, the start of regeneration, ie, the equilibrium point with the regenerated air. From FIG. 2, the difference in moisture content between adsorption and desorption was 0.17 kg / kg at 50 ° C. regeneration, and 0.19 kg / k at 70 ° C. regeneration.
It can be seen that a difference in the adsorption and desorption of g was obtained. This value is larger than that of the conventional zeolite or silica gel,
The same dehumidifying effect can be generated even at a low regeneration temperature by using a desiccant having substantially the same weight as the zeolite regenerated at 00 ° C. or higher.

Next, the operation of the dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 13 which is a psychrometric chart showing a change in the state of air in the dehumidifying air-conditioning apparatus having the equipment configuration shown in FIG. The treated air (state K) is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor 103 (state L), is cooled by heat exchange with the regenerated air (state Q) in the first sensible heat exchanger 104 (state M), and is further cooled by the heat pump. Low heat source 240
And returns to the air-conditioned space 101 (state N). On the other hand, the regenerated air takes in outside air (state Q), is heated and exchanges heat with the processing air (state L) in the first sensible heat exchanger 104 (state R), and is further regenerated air after desiccant regeneration (state U). ) And the second sensible heat exchanger 121 for heat exchange (state S), heating in the high heat source (heater) 220 of the heat pump (state T), and then the desiccant rotor 1
Play 03. The regenerated air from which the desiccant is regenerated (state U) is heat-exchanged with the regenerated air exiting the first sensible heat exchanger 104 by the second sensible heat exchanger 121 and heat is recovered (state V). Discarded outside as exhaust. In this way, the absolute humidity difference ΔX and the enthalpy difference ΔQ are generated between the room (state Q) and the supply air (state N), and a cooling and dehumidifying effect is generated. The driving energy of this apparatus is a heat quantity obtained by subtracting the above-mentioned ΔQ from the heating quantity ΔG of the regeneration air. Since the desiccant is regenerated by the exhaust heat of the sensible heat treatment from the state M to the state N, the energy is extremely saved. Great effect.

In the dehumidifying air conditioner operating as described above,
Since the supply air (state N) temperature can be lower than that of the room (state K), humidification is not required. On the other hand, in conventional desiccant air conditioning, for sensible heat treatment, humidification is performed on the treated air after dehumidification, so it was necessary to dehumidify an amount of moisture greater than the difference between the original supply air and the indoor air humidity. When the humidifier can be omitted as shown in FIG. 12, the net dehumidification amount of the desiccant is small, and the same cooling and dehumidifying effect can be exerted with relatively less desiccant than in the conventional technique.

As described above, in the present embodiment, even when the regeneration temperature is low, a large difference in adsorption and desorption can be obtained, and a large amount of water can be treated with a small amount of desiccant, so that a compact desiccant rotor can be used. Also, the temperature of regeneration air (state T)
Can be set as low as 50 to 55 ° C., so that the operating temperature (condensation temperature) of the high heat source 220 of the heat pump as its heating source
And the heat pump compressor requires less power. Therefore, it is possible to provide a compact air conditioner that is excellent in energy saving as compared with the related art.

[0030] In the present embodiment, as the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve, although the case of using the AlPO ₄ -5, wherein the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieves referred to as the AlPO ₄ -n As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-57041, a large number of isomers exist. As is well known, the adsorption of water by molecular sieve is a phenomenon in which pores larger than the diameter of water molecules are adsorbed as adsorption sites, and the adsorption strength is also affected by the attraction of metal ions existing in the adsorption sites.
However, at the adsorption site of the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve referred to as AlPO ₄ -n, there is no metal ion having strong attraction (eg, an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium or an alkaline earth metal).
The adsorption characteristics are greatly affected by the pore diameter. Therefore, since the same effect can be obtained with substances having similar pore size and AlPO ₄ -5 in the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieves called AlPO ₄ -n, using these isomers as a desiccant No problem.

For example, AlPO ₄ -5 is equivalent to Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-570.
41 Table 2 describes that the compound has strong I / I ₀ characteristics in the range of 3.93 to 4.51 at d-intervals.
In addition to the isomers having such properties, the following substances are disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-57041. 1) It is described in Table 4 that AlPO ₄ -8 has strong I / I ₀ characteristics at d-intervals of 4.17 to 4.19, and that Example 62-A has high water adsorption. Are listed. 2) AlPO ₄ -11 is 4.19 to 4.23 at d-interval.
Table 8 shows that they have strong I / I ₀ characteristics, and Example 63 describes that they have high water adsorption. 3) AlPO ₄ -16 with d-interval of 4.00 to 4.06
Table 13 shows that it has strong I / I ₀ characteristics, and Example 60 describes that it has high moisture adsorption. ₄₎ AlPO 4 -20 is in d- interval 3.63 to 3.66
Table 19 shows that it has strong I / I ₀ characteristics, and Example 58 describes that it has a high water adsorption property.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of FIG. 3 is a so-called hybrid type dehumidifying air conditioner in which a desiccant and a heat pump are combined similarly to FIG. 12, and the first sensible heat exchanger 104 is removed from the configuration of FIG. A porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve commonly called AlPO ₄ -n is used for the desiccant 103 having the same structure as in the first embodiment. In the air conditioner configured as described above, since the heat exchange between the processing air and the regeneration air is not performed, the supply air temperature of the processing air is increased, and the so-called sensible heat ratio is small. Device. The operation will be described below with reference to FIG. 4 which is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG.

Processing air (state K) is supplied to the desiccant rotor 1
03 absorbs moisture (state L) and is further cooled by the low heat source 240 of the heat pump (state N) and returns to the air-conditioned space 101. On the other hand, the regenerated air takes in outside air (state Q), is heated by exchanging heat with the regenerated air (state U) after desiccant regeneration in the sensible heat exchanger 121 (state S), and has a high heat source (heater) 220 of a heat pump. After heating (state T), the desiccant rotor 103 is regenerated. The regenerated air from which the desiccant has been regenerated (state U) is heat-recovered by exchanging heat with the regenerated air exiting the first sensible heat exchanger 104 in the sensible heat exchanger 121 (state V), and is then discharged as external air. Thrown away. Thus, the absolute humidity difference ΔX and the enthalpy difference ΔQ between the room (state K) and the air supply (state N)
And produce a cooling and dehumidifying effect. This embodiment has an air supply temperature higher than that of the first embodiment and is close to the room temperature, so that it is optimal for an air conditioning load (latent heat load) mainly for dehumidification. Also, in this case, when the supply air temperature is set to about 27 ° C., which is the same as that of the room, the difference between the regeneration air temperature of 50 ° C. and the supply air temperature is only 23 ° C. Therefore, the temperature lift which is the temperature difference between the low heat source and the high heat source of the heat pump is The temperature becomes 33 ° C, which is the sum of about 10 ° C, and the heat pump can be operated with a lower temperature lift as compared with the conventional cooling method using a vapor compression cycle, so that it is energy-saving and does not generate condensed water (drain). This has the effect of simplifying the equipment. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, since a large amount of water can be treated with a small amount of desiccant, a compact desiccant rotor is sufficient. Therefore, it is possible to provide a compact dehumidifying air conditioner which is excellent in energy saving as compared with the related art.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of FIG. 5 is a so-called hybrid type dehumidifying air conditioner in which a desiccant and a heat pump are combined as in FIG. 3, and the difference from the configuration of FIG. 3 is that the outside air and the return air from the room are mixed as the processing air. The point is that air is used and mixed air of exhaust air from the room and outside air is used as the regeneration air. Therefore, in addition to the configuration of FIG. 3, a path 161 for mixing outside air and a blower 160 are provided between the processing air path 107 and the outside air introduction path 124, and a return air path is provided between the regeneration air path 124 and the return air path 107. A path 162 for mixing air is provided. In the air conditioner configured as described above, since the absolute humidity at the starting point of adsorption of the processing air by the desiccant becomes higher than the indoor state of JIS, the humidity of the supply air is maintained at 7 g / kg as in the above-described embodiment. Requires a slightly higher regeneration air temperature,
According to the desiccant of the present invention, the effects of the present invention can be obtained as in the case described above. FIG. 6, which is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG. 5, and the relationship between the contacting air temperature and the water content of the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5) are expressed using the absolute humidity of air as a parameter. This will be described with reference to FIG.

The processing air (state K) is a mixture of outside air (state Q) and return air from the room (state K) (state F), in which moisture is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor 103 (state L), and the heat pump It is cooled by the low heat source 240 (state M) and returns to the conditioned space 101. On the other hand, the regenerated air is a mixed air (state g) of the outside air (state Q) and the return air (state K), and is heated by exchanging heat with the regenerated air (state U) after desiccant regeneration in the sensible heat exchanger 121 ( (State S) After being heated (state T) by the high heat source (heater) 220 of the heat pump, the desiccant rotor 103 is regenerated. The regenerated air from which the desiccant has been regenerated (state U) is heat-recovered by exchanging heat with the regenerated air exiting the first sensible heat exchanger 104 in the sensible heat exchanger 121 (state V), and is then discharged as external air. Thrown away. Thus, the absolute humidity difference ΔX and the enthalpy difference ΔQ between the room (state K) and the air supply (state M)
And produce a cooling and dehumidifying effect.

This embodiment is more suitable for maintaining the indoor environment because the outside air can be mixed with the supply air and supplied to the room as compared with the second embodiment. In this case, assuming that the state of each air is during the daytime in the midsummer, assuming that the room is at 27 ° C. and 50% RH and the outside air is 33 ° C. and 63% RH, the processing before the desiccant 103 is performed as shown in FIG. Since the air is mixed with the outside air having an absolute humidity of 20 g / kg, the dry bulb temperature is 29 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 13
g / kg. For this reason, the relative humidity in the state L becomes about 10% (more precisely, 11%) when it moves to a line having an absolute humidity of 7 g / kg along the isenthalpy line by the desiccant adsorption action. Accordingly, the temperature at which regeneration of the regeneration air starts must be 65 ° C. from the intersection of the line with a relative humidity of 10% and the line with an absolute humidity of 17 g / kg of the regeneration air, as described above. On the other hand, the regeneration air before desiccant 103 regeneration is mixed with return air having an absolute humidity of 10 g / kg, so that the dry bulb temperature is 31 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 17 g / kg. ° C, absolute humidity 17g / kg
Becomes The state F (the dry bulb temperature 29
The difference in desiccant adsorption and desorption between the regeneration start point state T (dry bulb temperature 31 ° C., absolute humidity 17 g / kg) and the regeneration starting point state T (0.1 g / kg) was 0.19 kg / kg as shown in FIG.
kg, and a large value is obtained as in FIG. In this embodiment, the operation of each of the processing air and the regeneration air in each device is the same as in the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, even when the regeneration temperature needs to be set slightly higher to about 65 ° C. in order to introduce outside air, a large difference in adsorption and desorption can be obtained and a large amount of water can be treated with a small amount of desiccant. Only a compact desiccant rotor is needed. Further, since the temperature (state T) of the regeneration air can be set low, the operating temperature (condensation temperature) of the high heat source 220 of the heat pump, which is the heating source, can be low, and the power of the heat pump compressor can be low. Therefore, it is possible to provide a compact air conditioner which is excellent in energy saving as compared with the related art.

FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of FIG. 8 is a so-called desiccant air conditioner that does not use a heat pump similarly to FIG. 10, and a different part from the configuration of FIG. 10 is to cool the outside air humidified by the humidifier 105 for cooling the dehumidified processing air. The heat exchanger 104 is used to cool the regenerated air and the treated air without heat exchange. Conventionally, in this type of apparatus, heat was exchanged with the processing air after humidifying the regeneration air to lower the dry bulb temperature.However, the absolute humidity of the regeneration air increases, and as described above, the regeneration air is In order to obtain the same relative humidity as the processing air after heating and dehumidification, there was a problem that the heating temperature of the regeneration air was high, but another cooling air system was used for cooling the processing air as in the present embodiment. The use can avoid such a problem. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIG. 9 which is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG.

Processing air (state K) is supplied to the desiccant rotor 1
03 absorbs moisture (state L), is cooled by the cooler 104 with humidified outside air (state M), and returns to the air-conditioned space 101. On the other hand, the regeneration air takes in the outside air (state Q), exchanges heat with the regeneration air after desiccant regeneration (state U) in the sensible heat exchanger 121 and is heated (state S), and is heated in the heater 220 (state T). After that, the desiccant rotor 103 is regenerated. The regenerated air from which the desiccant has been regenerated (state U) is heat-recovered by exchanging heat with the regenerated air exiting the first sensible heat exchanger 104 in the sensible heat exchanger 121 (state V), and is then discharged as external air. Thrown away. In addition, the cooling air takes in the outside air (state Q) and the humidifier 105.
, The temperature decreases due to the heat of vaporization of water (state D), and then heat exchanges with the processing air (state L) in the heat exchanger 104 to increase the temperature itself (state E), and then is discarded as exhaust gas. .

In this way, an absolute humidity difference ΔX is generated between the room (state K) and the air supply (state N), and a dehumidifying effect is generated. In this embodiment, as compared with the conventional embodiment, the supply air temperature becomes lower and approaches the indoor temperature, so that it is possible to cope with the air conditioning load (latent heat load) mainly for dehumidification without increasing the indoor sensible heat load so much. . In general, the average temperature in summer is about 28 ° C., which is almost the same as the room temperature. Therefore, even if the humidifier is not used in the processing air system, the room can be dehumidified without increasing the sensible heat load. Therefore, using exhaust heat and solar heat of 50-70 ° C,
The latent heat load can be processed instead of the cooling method using the conventional vapor compression cycle, and more desiccant can be used to process a large amount of water as in the first embodiment, so that a compact desiccant rotor is sufficient. Therefore, compared to the past,
It is possible to provide a compact dehumidifying air conditioner that is excellent in energy saving.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, a thermally dissociable template agent (such as tripropylamine) is used to convert alumina hydrate (eg, aluminum hydroxide, boehmite, pseudoboehmite, etc.) and phosphoric acid. By using a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (for example, AlPO ₄ -n commonly used by Union Carbide Co., Ltd. and academic societies) obtained by reacting with an organic base) as a desiccant,
Since the difference in the amount of water adsorbed due to the adsorption and desorption of the desiccant can be used greatly, the air conditioner can be driven by a heat source with a relatively low temperature compared to the conventional one, and has a large cooling effect. An apparatus can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an adsorption isotherm of a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5).

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of air in contact and the water content of a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of air in contact and the water content of a porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve (AlPO ₄ -5).

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a psychrometric chart corresponding to FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional dehumidifying air conditioner.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an adsorption isotherm of zeolite.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a conventional dehumidifying air conditioner.

13 is a psychrometric chart showing the operation of the air conditioner of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of contacting air and the water content of zeolite using the adsorption isotherm characteristic of FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

 103 Desiccant 104 First sensible heat exchanger 105 Humidifier 121 Second sensible heat exchanger 220 High heat source (heater) 240 Low heat source A Process air path B Regeneration air path

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A path of treated air in which moisture is adsorbed by a desiccant, and a path of regenerated air which is heated by a heating source, passes through the desiccant after adsorbing the moisture, and desorbs and regenerates moisture in the desiccant. In a dehumidifying air conditioner in which the desiccant flows through the processing air and the regenerating air alternately, the desiccant is expressed as a molar ratio of oxides, and Al ₂ O ₃ : 1.0 ± 0.2 P ₂ O AlPO having an essential skeleton structure having a chemical composition of _5
A dehumidifying air conditioner using a porous aluminum phosphate molecular sieve referred to as _4- n. 2. The dehumidifying method according to claim 1, wherein the porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve is a substance obtained by reacting alumina hydrate and phosphoric acid using a thermally dissociable template. Air conditioner. 3. The porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve is a so-called AlPO ₄ -5 having a characteristic X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 1. The dehumidifying air conditioner as described. Table 1 2θ d 100 × I / I ₀ 7.4-7.6 11.9-11.6 100 14.8-15.3 5.97-5.83 13-43 19.7-20.14 .51-4.42 39-92 20.8-21.2 4.27-4.19 37-87 22.3-22.7 3.99-3.93 62-118 25.9-26.3 3.44-3.39 22-35 4. A porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular
The sheave has a characteristic including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 2.
AlPO having an X-ray powder diffraction pattern _Four-8
The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: Table 2 2θ d 100 × I / I₀ 5.3-5.4 16.7-16.4 80-100 6.5-6.65 13.6-13.3 30-100 19.7-19.8 4.51-4.448 8- 29 21.2-21.3 4.19-4.17 46-82 21.8-21.9 4.08-4.06 14-56 22.4-22.9 3.97-3.88 35 −39 5. The porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve is a so-called AlPO ₄ -11 having a specific X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 3. The dehumidifying air conditioner as described. Table 3 2θd 100 × I / I ₀ 9.4-9.5 9.41-9.31 31-49 20.5-20.6 4.33-4.31 34-53 21.0-21. 25 4.23-4.19 100 22.15-22.25 4.01-4.00 12-58 22.5-22.7 3.95-3.92 47-75 23.15-23.5 3.84-3.79 10-68 6. The porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve is a so-called AlPO ₄ -16 having a characteristic X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 4. The dehumidifying air conditioner as described. Table 4 2θ d 100 × I / I ₀ 11.3-11.5 7.83-7.69 59-63 18.7-18.85 4.75-4.71 48-54 21.9-22. 2 4.06-4.00 100 26.55-26.75 3.36-3.33 23-27 29.75-29.95 3.00-2.98 26-30 7. The porous aluminum phosphate-based molecular sieve is generally called AlPO ₄ -20 having a characteristic X-ray powder diffraction pattern including at least the d-spacing shown in Table 5. The dehumidifying air conditioner as described. Table 5 2θ d 100 × I / I ₀ 13.9-14.1 6.37-6.28 40-55 19.8-20.0 4.48-4.44 40-48 24.3-24. 5 3.66-3.63 100 28.2-28.3 3.16-3.15 12-25 31.4-31.7 2.85-2.82 11-18 34.6-34.8 2.59-2.58 15-18 8. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the desiccant is regenerated by heating the regenerated air to 70 ° C. or less. 9. The dehumidifying air conditioner according to claim 8, wherein the treated air after moisture adsorption is cooled by a low heat source of a heat pump, and the regenerated air before desiccant regeneration is heated by a high heat source of the heat pump.