JPH11159889A - Flow-down type solar heat hop water unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce power consumption and machine cost. SOLUTION: Upper and lower hot water storage tanks 14, 2 are disposed above and below a heat collector 1. Water 3 is pumped up, by means of a pump 19, from the lower hot water storage tank 2 to the upper hot water storage tank 15 through a water supply pipe 16 for pumping and the water 3 flows down gravitationally from the upper hot water storage tank 15 into the heat collector 1. Hot water produced at the heat collector 1 is returned to lower hot water storage tank 2 through a hot water return pipe 18 and a solenoid valve 22. The pump 19 is driven intermittently such that the water level in the upper hot water storage tank 15 is kept within a specified range by a pump controller 21 receiving a water level signal from the upper hot water storage tank 15. Flow rate of water flowing down through the heat collector 1 is controlled such that solenoid valve 22 is opened/closed intermittently by a solenoid valve controller 25 receiving temperature signals from the inlet and outlet sides of the heat collector 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flow-down type solar water heater for obtaining hot water by flowing water from an upper side to a lower side in a heat collector.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows the structure of a conventional solar water heater. The solar water heater includes a heat collector 1 that receives sunlight and collects heat, a lower hot water storage tank 2 installed below the heat collector 1, and a lower part of the lower hot water storage tank 2 and a heat collector 1. Connects the lower part to the water 3 in the lower hot water storage tank 2
Pipe 4 for supplying water to the upper and lower hot water storage tanks 2 of the heat collector 1
And a hot water return pipe 5 connected to the upper part of the tank and supplying the hot water generated in the heat collector 1 to the lower hot water storage tank 2, and water in the lower hot water storage tank 2 connected to the water supply pipe 4 to the heat collector 1. A circulating pump 6 to be sent out; a temperature of hot water or water from the heat collector 1 detected by a heat collector outlet temperature sensor 7; and water 3 in a lower part of the lower hot water tank 2 detected by a hot water tank temperature sensor 8. Alternatively, a circulating pump that performs control to activate the circulating pump 6 when the difference from the temperature of the hot water is equal to or greater than a first set value, and to stop the operation of the circulating pump 6 when the temperature difference is equal to or less than a second set value. And a controller 9.

[0003] Above the lower hot water tank 2, the lower hot water tank 2
A water supply pipe 10 for supplying water 3 is provided therein, and a ball tap 11 for stopping water supply from the water supply pipe 10 when a water level in the lower hot water storage tank 2 exceeds a required water level is provided in an upper part of the lower hot water storage tank 2. Have been. Further, an air vent 12 is provided above the hot water return pipe 5. The hot water stored in the lower hot water storage tank 2 is supplied with hot water from a faucet 13 or supplied to a heater 14, for example.

In such a solar water heater, the circulating pump 6 operates to supply the water 3 in the lower part of the lower hot water tank 2 to the lower part of the heat collector 1 through the water pipe 4 and rise in the heat collector 1. The hot water generated in the process passes through the hot water return pipe 5 and the lower hot water tank 2
It is supplied to the inner upper part. Such circulation of water or hot water is performed while solar energy is applied to the heat collector 1 to warm the water 3 in the lower hot water storage tank 2.

In this case, the circulating pump controller 9 is configured to detect the temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor 7 and the lower hot water storage temperature detected by the hot water tank temperature sensor 8. When the difference between the temperature of the water 3 or the temperature of the hot water in the lower portion of the tank 2 is equal to or higher than a first set value (for example, 6 ° C.), the circulating pump 6 is operated, and the temperature difference is equal to or less than a second set value (for example, 2 ° C.). When it becomes, control to stop the operation of the circulation pump 6 is performed, and the circulation pump 6 is operated only while required hot water is obtained. In addition, the prevention of freezing of such a solar water heater has been performed by dropping water from the heat collector 1 or forced circulation.

[0006]

However, in such a conventional solar water heater, the output of the circulation pump 6 is equivalent to the head up to the maximum height Hi and the pressure loss on the outgoing side rising in the collector 1. Since a head (pipe and heat collector) is required, for example, when the flow rate (corresponding to the pumping flow rate by the circulation pump 6) is 25 liter / min, the output is 250
(W) The circulating pump 6 is required, and the temperature difference (for example, 6 ° C.) which is always equal to or more than the first set value on a sunny day during the pump operation time, and the circulating pump 6 operates continuously for a long time Thus, there is a problem that power consumption is large.

For example, when the 250 (W) circulating pump 6 is operated continuously for 8 hours regardless of the flow rate on a fine day, the power consumption is 0.25 (kW) × 8 (H) = 2 ( kWh).

Further, even when solar radiation is weak or when forced circulation is being performed to prevent freezing, the circulation pump 6 always operates in the same manner as during heat collection.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a flow-down solar water heater that can reduce power consumption and equipment cost.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flow-down type solar water heater that can reduce power consumption even in the prevention of freezing.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a flow-down type solar water heater according to claim 1 is provided with a heat collector that receives sunlight and collects heat, and is installed below the heat collector. The lower hot water storage tank, the upper hot water storage tank installed above the heat collector, the lower hot water storage tank and the upper part of the upper hot water storage tank by connecting the water in the lower hot water storage tank A water supply pipe for water supply to an upper hot water tank, a water supply pipe connecting a lower part of the upper hot water tank and an upper part of the heat collector to supply water in the upper hot water tank to the heat collector, A hot water return pipe connecting the lower part of the heat collector and the upper part of the lower hot water tank to supply the hot water generated by the heat collector to the lower hot water tank; and A water pump for pumping water in the hot water tank to the upper hot water tank, and water from a water level sensor of the upper hot water tank; When a signal is input and the water level in the upper hot water tank falls below a predetermined lower water level, the pump is operated by operating the water pump, and when the water level in the upper water tank rises above a predetermined upper water level, the water pump is stopped. A pump controller for controlling the flow of water, a solenoid valve connected to the hot water return pipe for passing and shutting off hot water from the heat collector, and the collector detected by a heat collector outlet side temperature sensor. The solenoid valve is opened when the difference between the temperature of the hot water or water exiting the heat collector and the temperature of the water or hot water entering the heat collector detected by the heat collector inlet side temperature sensor is equal to or greater than a first set value. And a solenoid valve controller that closes the solenoid valve when the temperature difference falls below a second set value.

As described above, in the flow-down type solar water heater according to the present invention, water is pumped from the lower hot water tank to the upper hot water tank via the water pump for water pumping by the water pump, and the water is collected from the upper hot water tank into the heat collector. It is caused to flow down by gravity, and the hot water obtained by the heat collector is returned to the lower hot water storage tank via a hot water return pipe. At this time, the water pump is operated by the water pump in the upper water tank when the water level in the upper water tank falls below a predetermined lower water level. When the internal water level rises above a predetermined upper water level, the operation is stopped to stop pumping. The flow rate of water in the collector is controlled by a solenoid valve provided in the hot water return pipe. The solenoid valve enters the heat collector as detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor and the temperature of hot water or water exiting the heat collector as detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor by the solenoid valve controller. When the difference between the temperature of the water or the hot water is equal to or more than a first set value, the opening is performed and when the temperature difference is equal to or less than a second set value, the operation is closed.

[0013] When the solar water heater is constructed by the flow-down type, the pump only pumps water to the upper hot water storage tank. Therefore, there is no pressure loss ascending in the collector as in the prior art, and the pump output is reduced. Can be reduced. Further, the operation time of the pump can be shortened. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced, and device cost can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the solar water heater according to the first aspect, the solenoid valve is provided with an appropriate amount of water for detecting the temperature of water or hot water flowing down the collector and preventing freezing. A bypass pipe which always passes water of a quantity of water or hot water and returns to the lower hot water storage tank is connected in parallel.

With this arrangement, the temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor and the water or water entering the heat collector detected by the heat collector inlet temperature sensor are detected. Even if the difference between the temperature of the hot water and the temperature becomes equal to or less than the second set value and the solenoid valve is closed, an appropriate amount of water or hot water flows from the upper part of the heat collector by gravity, so that the warm water or water flowing out of the heat collector always flows. The temperature can be accurately detected, the temperature of the hot water or water exiting the heat collector detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor and the water or hot water entering the heat collector detected by the heat collector inlet temperature sensor When the difference from the temperature becomes equal to or more than the first set value, the solenoid valve is opened immediately, so that hot water can be efficiently generated. Further, even when the solenoid valve is closed as described above, an appropriate amount of water or hot water always flows through the heat collector, so that it is not necessary to continuously operate the pump as in the related art to prevent freezing, and power consumption is reduced. Can be reduced.

[0016]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a flow-down type solar water heater according to the present invention. Parts corresponding to those in FIG. 3 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this flow-down type solar water heater, the heat collector 1 is installed at an inclination angle of 60 °. Below the heat collector 1, a lower hot water storage tank 2 is installed, and above the heat collector 1, an upper hot water storage tank 15 is installed. The lower part of the lower hot water tank 2 and the upper part of the upper hot water tank 15 are connected by a pumping water supply pipe 16. A water supply pipe 17 is connected between a lower part of the upper hot water storage tank 15 and an upper part of the heat collector 1. The lower portion of the heat collector 1 and the upper portion of the lower hot water storage tank 2 are connected by a hot water return pipe 18.

A water pump 16 for pumping the water 3 in the lower hot water tank 2 to the upper hot water tank 15 is connected to the water pump 16 for water pumping. The upper hot water storage tank 15 is provided with a water level sensor 20 for detecting the water level inside the hot water storage tank 15 by using the high level detection element 20a and the low level detection element 20b. The water pump 19 is connected to a water pump controller 21 which receives a water level signal from a water level sensor 20 of the upper hot water storage tank 15. The pump control unit 21 is connected to the upper hot water storage tank 15.
When the internal water level falls below a predetermined lower water level L, the water pump 19 is operated to pump water, and when the water level in the upper hot water storage tank 15 rises above the predetermined upper water level H, the pump 19 is stopped. Has become. Hot water return pipe 18
Is connected to a solenoid valve 22 for passing and blocking a predetermined amount of hot water from the heat collector 1.

At the outlet side of the heat collector 1, there is provided a heat collector outlet side temperature sensor 23 for detecting the temperature of hot water or water flowing out of the heat collector 1. On the inlet side of the heat collector 1, a heat collector inlet side temperature sensor 24 for detecting the temperature of water or hot water entering the heat collector 1 is provided. The solenoid valve 22 includes
An electromagnetic valve controller 25 for controlling the electromagnetic valve 22 is connected. The solenoid valve controller 25 controls the temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor 23 and the temperature of the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector inlet temperature sensor 24. Control to open the solenoid valve 22 when the difference between the temperature of the entering water or hot water is equal to or greater than a first set value and to close the solenoid valve 22 when the temperature difference is equal to or less than a second set value. It is supposed to do.

In order to detect the temperature of water or hot water flowing down the heat collector 1 and to prevent freezing, an appropriate amount of water or hot water is always supplied to the solenoid valve 22 even when the solenoid valve 22 is closed. A bypass pipe 2 that passes through and returns to the lower hot water storage tank 2
6 are connected in parallel. This flow rate is preferably the minimum amount necessary for accurately detecting the temperature of the water or hot water flowing down the heat collector 1 and for preventing freezing. The flow rate is determined by the inner diameter of the bypass pipe 26 or the flow rate (not shown). By providing a control valve, for example, it is set to about 5 liter / min.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration example when a plurality of heat collectors 1 are used in parallel connection. In this case,
A reverse turn pipe, a valve, and the like are used to adjust the water and the hot water to flow uniformly in each heat collector 1 (so that the pressure loss of each heat collector 1 becomes the same).

In this case, the header configuration of each heat collector 1 (the structure of the heat collection tubes in the heat collector 1) is such that the heat collection tubes 27 are oriented sideways so as not to hinder the force of water or hot water flowing from top to bottom. , And flows down from the same side to the opposite side, and does not flow upward from below.

In this example, the lower hot water tank 2 is 300
0 liter is used, and 150 liter is used as the upper hot water storage tank 15. The pumping flow rate of the pumping pump 19 to the upper hot water storage tank 15 is set to 40 liter / min, and a pumping pump 19 of 150 (W) is used. The flow rate of the hot water returning from the heat collector 1 to the lower hot water storage tank 2 (the flow rate when the solenoid valve 22 is open) is set to 25 liter / min, similarly to the flow rate of the solar water heater illustrated as a conventional example. .

In such a flow-down type solar water heater, the pumping water supply pipe 1 is connected from the lower hot water tank 2 to the upper hot water tank 15.
The water 3 is pumped up by a water pump 19 through 6, and the water 3 flows down from the upper hot water storage tank 15 into the heat collector 1 by gravity. The hot water obtained by the heat collector 1 is returned to the lower hot water storage tank 2 via the hot water return pipe 18 and the solenoid valve 22. At this time, the water pump 19 is actuated when the water level in the upper hot water tank 15 falls below a predetermined lower water level L by the water pump controller 21 which receives the water level signal from the water level sensor 20 of the upper hot water tank 15. When the water level in the upper hot water storage tank 15 rises above a predetermined upper water level H, the operation is stopped to stop pumping. The flow rate of flowing water in the heat collector 1 is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 22 provided in the hot water return pipe 18.

The solenoid valve 22 detects the temperature of the hot water or water exiting the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor 23 by the solenoid valve controller 25 and the temperature of the heat collector inlet side temperature sensor 24. When the difference between the temperature of the water or hot water entering the heat collector 1 becomes equal to or more than a first set value (for example, 6 ° C.), the heat collector is opened and the temperature difference becomes equal to or less than a second set value (for example, 2 ° C.). It operates so as to be closed when touched.

When the solar water heater is constituted by the flow-down system as described above, the water pump 19 simply pumps water to the upper hot water storage tank 15, so that the pressure loss rising in the heat collector 1 as in the prior art is reduced. As a result, the pump output can be reduced.

The power consumption of the water pump 19 of the falling solar water heater of this embodiment is as follows.

For example, assuming that the electromagnetic valve 22 is opened for 8 hours on a fine day, the operating time of the water pump 19 is 40 liters / min, and the hot water returns when the electromagnetic valve 22 is open. The flow rate of water flowing down the pipe 18 is 25 l / mi
Since n, the pump 19 is operated for 10 minutes and intermittently operated for 6 minutes, so that 8 (H) × (10/16) = 5 (H). Therefore, the power consumption is 0.15 (kW) × 5 (H) = 0.75 (kWh). Therefore, the reduction is {1− (0.75 / 2)} × 100 = 62.5 (%).

In this falling type solar water heater, the solenoid valve 2
A bypass pipe 3 for detecting the temperature of the water or hot water flowing down the heat collector 1 and preventing freezing is provided in parallel with a bypass pipe 3 for constantly passing an appropriate amount of water or hot water and returning to the lower hot water storage tank 2. Connected to the collector outlet side temperature sensor 23
The difference between the temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector 1 and the temperature of the water or hot water entering the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector inlet side temperature sensor 24 is the second.
Even if the temperature becomes lower than the set value and the solenoid valve 22 is closed, an appropriate amount of water or hot water flows from the upper part of the heat collector 1 by gravity, so that the temperature of the hot water or water flowing out of the heat collector 1 can always be accurately detected. The temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor 23 and the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector inlet temperature sensor 24
The solenoid valve 22 is opened immediately when the difference between the temperature of the entering water or the temperature of the hot water becomes equal to or more than the first set value, so that the hot water can be efficiently generated. Further, even when the solenoid valve is closed as described above, an appropriate amount of water or hot water always flows through the heat collector, so that it is not necessary to continuously operate the pump as in the related art to prevent freezing, and power consumption is reduced. Can be reduced.

That is, in this case, 24 (H) -8 (H) = 16 (H) except when collecting heat, the solenoid valve 22 is closed, and 5 liters are connected to the collector 1 and the bypass pipe 26 during this time. / Min, the pump 19 is operated for 4 minutes and intermittently stopped for 30 minutes, and the operation time of the pump 19 is 16 (H) × (4/34) = about 1.9 ( H), and the power consumption is 0.15 (kW) × 1.9 (H) = 0.29 (kWh).

[0031]

According to the present invention, a solar water heater is provided, a lower hot water storage tank is provided below the heat collector, an upper hot water storage tank is provided above the solar water heater, and a pumping water pipe is provided from the lower hot water storage tank to the upper hot water storage tank. The water is pumped up by a water pump, and the water is allowed to flow down from the upper hot water storage tank into the heat collector by gravity, and the hot water obtained by the heat collector is passed through a hot water return pipe and a solenoid valve for adjusting the flow rate in the lower water storage tank. The pump is designed to simply pump water to the upper hot water storage tank, which eliminates the pressure loss that rises in the heat collector and reduces the pump output as in the past. it can. Further, the operation time of the pump can be shortened. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced, and device cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of an example of an embodiment of a solar water heater according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a connection example of a plurality of heat collectors in this example.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a conventional solar water heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat collector 2 Lower hot water storage tank 3 Water 4 Water supply pipe 5 Hot water return pipe 6 Circulation pump 7 Heat collector outlet side temperature sensor 8 Hot water storage tank temperature sensor 9 Circulation pump controller 10 Water supply pipe 11 Ball tap 12 Air vent 13 Faucet 14 Heater Reference Signs List 15 Upper hot water storage tank 16 Pumping water supply pipe 17 Water supply pipe 18 Hot water return pipe 19 Pumping pump 20 Water level sensor 20a High level detecting element 20b Low level detecting element 21 Pumping pump controller 22 Solenoid valve 23 Heat collector outlet side temperature sensor 24 Collection Heater inlet side temperature sensor 25 Solenoid valve controller 26 Bypass pipe 27 Heat collector pipe

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 17, 1998

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0017

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0017] In this flow-down type solar water system, heat collector 1 has been installed at an inclination angle of 60 °, the tilt
The oblique angle is not limited to 60 °. Below the heat collector 1, a lower hot water storage tank 2 is installed, and above the heat collector 1, an upper hot water storage tank 15 is installed. The lower part of the lower hot water tank 2 and the upper part of the upper hot water tank 15 are connected by a pumping water supply pipe 16. A water supply pipe 17 is connected between a lower part of the upper hot water storage tank 15 and an upper part of the heat collector 1. The lower portion of the heat collector 1 and the upper portion of the lower hot water storage tank 2 are connected by a hot water return pipe 18.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0022

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The water or hot water flowing through each of the heat collectors 1 is subjected to gravity.
It flows from above to below. In this example,
Header structure of each heat collector 1 (configuration of the heat collection tubes in the heat collector 1), as water or hot water does not interfere with the force flowing from top to bottom, and sideways Atsumarinetsukan 27, one from the other header
Is configured so as to flow down flows to the header,
Water or hot water flows from top to bottom with the heat collecting tube 27 oriented vertically
Water or hot water may flow from top to bottom due to gravity.
Is not particularly limited as long as
No.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0028

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0028] For example, if the solenoid valve 22 was opened 8 hours fine day, operating time of water pumps 19, pumping quantity 40 l / min of water pumps 19, the return hot water when the electromagnetic valve 22 is in the open The flow rate of water flowing down the pipe 18 is 25 l / min
Therefore, since the water pump 19 is operated for 10 minutes and intermittently operated for 6 minutes, 8 (H) × (10/16) =
5 (H). Therefore, the power consumption is 0.15 (k
W) × 5 (H) = 0.75 (kWh). Therefore,
{1− (0.75 / 2)} × 100 = 62.5 (%) reduction.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0029

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In this falling type solar water heater, the solenoid valve 2
2 is a bypass pipe that always passes an appropriate amount of water or hot water to return to the lower hot water storage tank 2 in order to detect the temperature of water or hot water flowing down the heat collector 1 and to prevent freezing.
26 are connected in parallel, and the collector outlet temperature sensor 2
The difference between the temperature of the hot water or water exiting from the heat collector 1 detected by the sensor 3 and the temperature of the water or hot water entering the heat collector 1 detected by the heat collector inlet side temperature sensor 24 is a second set value. In the following, even if the solenoid valve 22 is closed,
Since an appropriate amount of water or hot water flows from above by gravity, the temperature of the hot water or water flowing out of the heat collector 1 can always be accurately detected, and the heat collector 1 Collector 1 detected by the temperature of warm water or water exiting from the heat collector and the inlet temperature sensor 24 on the collector side.
The solenoid valve 22 is opened immediately when the difference between the temperature of the entering water or the temperature of the hot water becomes equal to or more than the first set value, so that the hot water can be efficiently generated. Further, even when the solenoid valve is closed as described above, an appropriate amount of water or hot water always flows through the heat collector, so that it is not necessary to continuously operate the pump as in the related art to prevent freezing, and power consumption is reduced. Can be reduced.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat collector for collecting heat by receiving sunlight, a lower hot water storage tank installed below the heat collector, an upper hot water storage tank installed above the heat collector, and the lower heat storage tank A pumping water pipe connecting the lower part of the hot water tank and the upper part of the upper hot water tank to supply the water in the lower hot water tank to the upper hot water tank; and a lower part of the upper hot water tank and the heat collector. A water supply pipe connecting an upper part to supply water in the upper hot water storage tank to the heat collector;
A hot water return pipe that connects the lower part of the heat collector and the upper part of the lower hot water storage tank and supplies hot water generated by the heat collector to the lower hot water storage tank; and A water pump for pumping water in a lower hot water tank into the upper hot water tank; and Is operated to pump water, and when the water level in the upper hot water storage tank rises above a predetermined upper water level, the water pump is controlled to stop the water pump. An electromagnetic valve for passing and shutting off hot water from the heat collector; and a temperature of hot water or water exiting from the heat collector detected by a heat collector outlet temperature sensor and a temperature of the heat collector inlet temperature sensor detected by the heat collector outlet temperature sensor. Heat collector A solenoid valve controller that opens the solenoid valve when the difference between the temperature of the incoming water or hot water is equal to or greater than a first set value and closes the solenoid valve when the temperature difference is equal to or less than a second set value; A falling-type solar water heater, comprising: 2. An appropriate amount of water or hot water is always passed through the solenoid valve and returned to the lower hot water storage tank to detect the temperature of the water or hot water flowing down the heat collector and to prevent freezing. The flow-down type solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein bypass pipes are connected in parallel.