JPH1089435A - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the transmission to rotate a driven shaft forward, stop and rotate reversely in keeping a driving shaft rotate intact, and carry out transmission of its turning force compact and excellent in accuracy via plurality of ball rolling elements. SOLUTION: A driving shaft 2 and a driven shaft 3 set up on the same axis are pivoted to both sides of a casing 1. A driven wheel 4 is installed in an end of the driven shaft 3 via a torque cam 5, while a bearing ring 6 opposed to this driven wheel 4 is locked to the casing 1. Subsequently, four ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8 and 8 equipped with outer ring 9 engaging and contacting with pressure at one point on a spherical surface are planetarily set up in an interval between the bearing ring 6 and the driven wheel 4. In addition, a forked driving carrier 14 rotating as holding these ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8 and 8 regular intervals is installed in the driving shaft 2, and then a shifter 12, tilting all the ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8 and 8 simultaneously via a rocking member 11 having a woodruff keyway 10 engaged with the outer ring 9 of the ball rolling element 8, is installed on the driving shaft free of sliding motion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission for transmitting a rotational force through a plurality of ball rolling elements.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various inventions and devices such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 38-25315 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 39-18631 have been proposed as a continuously variable transmission that transmits a rotational force through a ball rolling element. There is no known continuously variable transmission capable of rotating and stopping the driven shaft while rotating the driving shaft.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a plurality of balls can be used to transmit a rotating force with small size and high accuracy, while a driven shaft can be rotated, a driven shaft can be normally rotated, stopped, and reversed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuously variable transmission that is performed via a rolling element.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a driving shaft and a driven shaft arranged on the same axis on both sides of a casing. A driven vehicle is provided at the end via a torque cam,
A track ring opposed to the driven vehicle is fixed to the casing, and an appropriate number of ball bearings with outer rings that are pressed and engaged at one point on the spherical surface between the track ring and the driven vehicle are arranged in a planetary manner. A fork-shaped driving carrier which rotates these ball rolling elements while maintaining a constant interval is provided on a driving shaft, and all of them are moved through a rocking member in which a semicircular groove is engaged with an outer ring of the ball rolling elements. A shifter for simultaneously inclining the ball rolling elements is slidably provided on a driving shaft.

[0005]

When the driving shaft is rotated, each ball rolling element with an outer ring rotates planetarily via the driving carrier, and revolves because the spherical surfaces on both sides of the outer ring are in contact with the track ring and the driven vehicle. When the shifter is at the intermediate position, the driven shaft is stopped, but when the shifter is shifted in the driven axis direction, the driven shaft rotates forward, and when the shifter is shifted in the reverse direction, the driven shaft reverses.

[0006]

1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view, and FIG.
3 is an exploded perspective view.

1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a driving shaft 2 on both sides.
And a casing 4 pivotally mounted on the same axis with the driven shaft 3, a driven vehicle 4 attached to the inner end of the driven shaft 3 via a torque cam 5, and a stop screw 6 in the casing 1 opposed to the driven vehicle 4. 7 is a track ring fixed at 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a ball rolling element provided with an outer ring 9 which presses and engages at one point on the spherical surface between the driven wheel 4 and the track ring 6, and in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The ball rolling elements are arranged at equal intervals.

Then, these ball rolling elements 8, 8,
8, 8 are respectively supported by a U-shaped concave portion 13 of a shifter 12 provided on a driving shaft 2 via a swinging member 11 in which an outer ring 9 is engaged with a semicircular groove 10. When the shifter 12 is moved laterally, each ball rolling element 8 is tilted left and right.

Then, these ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8,
8 is in contact with a claw piece 14a of a fork-shaped driving carrier 14 fixed to the inner end of the driving shaft 2, and when the driving shaft 2 rotates, the driving shaft and the shifter 12 are rotated. It is configured to rotate around the planet 2 while revolving around the planet.

In this first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a bearing-shaped outer ring 9 rotatably mounted on a ball rolling element 8 is connected to the outer ring 9 via a ball in the same manner as a ball bearing. FIG. 4 (a) shows a ball roller in which a raceway groove 91 is provided in the outer race 9 and a cylindrical roller 92 is engaged with the raceway groove 91, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), a raceway groove 93 is provided in the ball rolling element main body, and a cylindrical roller 92 is engaged with the raceway groove 93, as shown in FIG. 4 (c). A drum-shaped roller 94 is provided between the outer race 9 and the ball rolling element main body, or as shown in FIG.
5 can be used for the outer ring, and a ball rolling element body having a hemispherical united type can be used. These ball rolling elements can be manufactured with high manufacturing accuracy using the conventional ball bearing manufacturing technology.

The shifter 12 has a multi-row ridge 16 for providing a rack function to the outer periphery via a ball bearing 15.
The pinion 18 is moved laterally in the axial direction on the driving shaft 2 by the fine movement handle device 20 via the speed change shaft 19 in which the pinion 18 is meshed with the multi-row ridge 16. ing.

The fine movement handle device 20 comprises a differential gear reduction mechanism, that is, a fixed crown gear 2 fixed to the casing 1.
01, a flexible crown gear 202 fixed to the transmission shaft 19 and meshing with a fixed crown gear 201, and a handle 21. The two balls 203, 203 are moved while being pressed against the flexible crown gear 202. The operation is described as follows.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view for explaining the operation of the fine movement handle device 20.
04 is rotated in the direction of the arrow P1, the ball 203 becomes P2
While revolving in the same direction as the flexible crown gear 202.
, And the teeth move in the P3 direction while sequentially meshing the teeth with the teeth of the fixed crown gear 201. Therefore, the flexible crown gear 202 is differentially shifted by the difference in the number of teeth from the fixed crown gear 201. Slow down.

The handle 2 is constructed as described above.
1, the transmission shaft 19 rotates, and the pinion 18
Shift drum 1 provided with multiple protruding ridges 16 meshing therewith
7. The ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8, 8 are simultaneously swung via the ball bearing 15 and the shifter 12.

When the ball rolling element 8 is swung, the effective rotation diameter of the driven vehicle 4 and the effective rotation diameter of the track ring 6 which contact the ball rolling element relatively change.
As shown in FIG. 6, the rotation of the driven wheel 14, that is, the driven shaft 3 changes.

FIG. 6 shows a state of contact between the raceway ring 6 and the driven wheel 4 when the ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8, 8 swing. In the state [I], the ball rolling elements 8 Since the effective rotation diameter c of the contacting ring 6 is larger than the effective rotation diameter b of the driven wheel 4, the driven wheel 4 rotates in the same direction as the driving shaft 2 and at a high speed. And shifter 12
Is shifted to the right, the rotation speed decreases steplessly, and [I
In the state of the intermediate position of [I], the effective diameters of both rotations b and c become the same, so that the ball rolling element rotates planetarily while revolving, but the driven wheel 4 stops. Further, when the vehicle is further moved to the right, the effective rotation diameter c of the track ring 6 becomes smaller than the effective rotation diameter b of the driven vehicle 4, so that the driven vehicle 4 rotates in the reverse direction. become. In FIG. 6, the hatched portion indicates a portion fixed to the casing 1.

Here, the effective rotation diameter of the ball rolling element 8 pressed against the race ring 6 is set to b. Assuming that the effective rotation diameter c of the ball rolling element 8 in pressure contact with the driven vehicle 4, the effective rotation diameter of the driven vehicle 4 is d, and the effective diameter of the track ring 6 is f, the speed ratio V is expressed by the following equation. .

[0019]

(Equation 1)

FIG. 7 shows four ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8, 8 and rocking members 11, 11, 1 when the driving shaft 2 starts to be started.
1A and 1B, the positions of the driven vehicle 4 and the track ring 6 are different in the state before the start of FIG. As a result, the contact pressure between the driven vehicle 4 and the ball rolling element 12, and between the ball rolling element 12 and the starting ring 6 increases, and the four ball rolling pieces 8 and the swinging member 11 in the floating state become (b) ) The centering state shown in the figure is reached.

In FIG. 1, when the handle 21 is rotated, the shifter 12 moves in the axial direction via a pinion 18 provided on the speed change shaft 19, a multi-projection 16 meshing with the pinion 18, a shift drum 17, and a ball bearing 15. Laterally, the rotating shaft of the ball rolling element 8 is swung through the outer ring 9 which engages with the recess 13 through each swing member 11.

That is, by rotating the handle 21, the driving shaft 2 is rotated, the driven shaft 3 is changed from the normal high-speed rotation to the low-speed rotation steplessly, then stopped, and the handle 21 is further rotated. By moving, the driven shaft 3
Can be changed to a high-speed rotation steplessly after the rotation of.

FIGS. 8 to 10 show a second embodiment in which the number of ball rolling elements is set to 5 and the ball rolling elements are tilted by another tilting mechanism. FIG. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the shifter and the swinging member.

The major difference in structure between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is the structure of the shifter and the swinging member, which is as follows.

That is, the structure of the shifter 121 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the multi-projection 122 is formed to have a rack-like cross section.
2 is provided with a sector gear 101 meshing on one side, and a semi-lunar groove 100 for engaging the outer ring 9 of the ball rolling element 8 on the opposite side.

According to this structure, similar to the first embodiment,
By rotating the transmission shaft 19, the shifter 121 is laterally moved on the driving shaft 2 via the pinion 18, the shift drum 17 provided with the multiple ridges 16 meshing with the pinion 18, and the ball bearing 15, so that the shifter 121 Multiple ridges 12
2. Since the rocking member 110 is rocked via the eccentric gear 101 meshing therewith, the five ball rolling elements 8, 8, 8, 8, 8 having the outer ring 9 engaged with the semicircular groove 100 are simultaneously driven. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, a forward rotation ← → stop ← → reverse rotation operation can be performed.

[0027]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a continuously variable transmission using a ball rolling element that can perform forward rotation ← stop ← → reverse rotation. Since the ball rolling element can utilize the manufacturing technology of a ball bearing, a highly accurate continuously variable transmission can be manufactured. In addition, the pressing action by the centrifugal force works together with the pressing action by the torque cam, so that it is possible to provide a continuously variable transmission that is compact, has a large power transmission capability, and has good power transmission efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of components incorporated inside the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of the structure of various ball rolling elements that can be used in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation development expanded view of the fine movement handle device.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a shift operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the centering action of the ball rolling element and the swing member.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a shifter and a swing member according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a shift operation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 casing 2 driving shaft 3 driven shaft 4 driven wheel 5 torque cam 6 track ring 7 stop screw 8 ball rolling element 9 outer ring 10 half-moon groove 11 rocking member 12 shifter 13 recess 14 driving carrier 14 a claw piece 15 ball bearing 16 multi-projection Article 17 Shift drum 18 Pinion 19 Transmission shaft 20 Fine movement handle device 21 Handle 201 Fixed crown gear 202 Flexible crown gear 203 Ball 204 Driving disc

Claims (1)

[Claims] A driven shaft and a driven shaft arranged on the same axis are pivotally mounted on both sides of a casing, and a driven vehicle is provided at an end of the driven shaft via a torque cam, and is opposed to the driven vehicle. An orbital ring is fixed to the casing, and an appropriate number of ball rollers with outer rings that are in pressure contact with each other at one point on the spherical surface are arranged between the orbital ring and the driven vehicle in a planetary manner. A fork-shaped driving carrier that rotates while maintaining the interval is provided on the driving shaft, and all ball rolling elements are simultaneously tilted via a rocking member in which a semicircular groove is engaged with an outer ring of the ball rolling elements. A continuously variable transmission, wherein a shifter to be driven is slidably provided on a driving shaft.