JPH101A - Soil improvement and operating machine therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely introduce snow water into a subsurface soil layer, feed nutrients and air thereto and efficiently improve the soil by leading a part of a plowed soil layer to the subsurface soil layer and making the soil in the plowed soil layer mix in the soil of the subsurface soil layer. SOLUTION: Snow water 12 present on the lower side of a snow cover zone 11 is led through a wide slit formed after the passage of a slit extending unit 30 attached to a knife 22 to the subsurface soil layer 15 while performing operations to crush the subsurface soil with a subsoiler operating machine 20 and forming the wide slit with the slit extending unit 30. A part of a plowed soil layer 13 is simultaneously led to the subsurface soil layer 15 to make the soil in the plowed soil layer 13 mix in the soil in the subsurface soil layer 15. Thereby, the soil is improved. Furthermore, the slit extending unit 30 is preferably freely detachably attached to at least a part corresponding to the lower side of the subsurface soil layer 13 relatively to the knife 22 of the subsoiler operating machine 20.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil improvement method and a working machine therefor, and more particularly, to soil improvement at the time of work on a snow heart, and suitable for carrying out the improvement work. Work equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that in the early spring, when the surface of a field is still covered with snow, the subsoil of the field is crushed, and the work of breaking the ground on snow for the purpose of regenerating and renewing the field is performed. is there. This is done in early spring before the snow has completely melted. The advantage of this work is that the tractor's tread pressure is relieved by the elasticity of the snow and does not directly affect the surface of the soil, so it is easy on the field, and also releases the hardened state by breaking the subsoil layer. This is a work that has been adopted especially in the Tohoku, Hokuriku, and Hokkaido areas to introduce air and activate the soil. Usually, a subsoiler is used for this work, and the tractor that pulls this is a large tractor of the crawler type. Since the stepping pressure is reduced, the purpose of subsoil crushing can be achieved without affecting the soil layer, so that it tends to inevitably spread.

[0003]

Since subsoil crushing is usually carried out in the early spring, looking at the cross-sectional structure of the field environment at that time, snow melting has already begun under the snow layer, and some of the snowmelt water has been removed. It stays between the snow layer and the surface of the field, in other words, the surface of the soil. When subsoil crushing work is performed in such a soil environment, a part of the snowmelt water should penetrate to the subsoil portion from the slit formed by the knife of the subsoiler. In soils that are more common, specifically in clayey soils, the soil layer containing water becomes more sticky and is in a so-called sheep-like state, and the slit formed after the knife passes through is due to the elasticity of the soil. The snowmelt water is immediately blocked, and the snowmelt water stays on the surface of the soil layer and waits for the thaw.

[0004] Therefore, snowmelt water waits for natural evaporation,
It will be removed by waiting for natural permeability. However, in a field with poor water permeability, there is no surgery to wait for the snow to melt out of the field after the snow has completely melted because natural water permeability cannot be expected. However, the outflow of snowmelt water to the outside of the field leads to the outflow of the soil, resulting in the outflow of nutrients of the soil layer, and eventually the destruction of the field. In other words, effective use of snowmelt water can contribute to improvement of field performance. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving and improving field soil and a working machine suitable for the work, while effectively utilizing the snowmelt water.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention uses a subsoiler working machine to perform subsoil crushing work while using a knife to melt snowmelt water existing under the snow belt. While forming a wide slit with the attached slit enlarger, while guiding to the subsoil layer through the slit formed after passing, a part of the soil layer is guided to the subsoil layer, the soil of the subsoil layer Soil improvement method characterized by performing soil improvement by mixing the soil of the soil layer to
In addition, in the subsoiler working machine, the knife is configured so that the slit enlarger is detachably attached to the part corresponding to these from the soil layer to the tillage layer below it, and further to the subsoil layer below it. It is characterized by having done.

[0006]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
4 will be described. First, in these attached drawings, reference numeral 10 denotes a field, FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the field in early spring, and a molten layer 12 formed by melting a lower layer of the snow layer 11 under the snow layer 11. Is formed,
This molten layer 12 is located on the surface of the field, in other words, the soil layer 13
The cultivation layer 14 which is an impermeable layer is formed below the soil layer 13, and the subsoil layer 15 exists below the soil layer 13. . The soil layer 13 contains air and can retain moisture. However, the cultivation layer 14 under the soil layer is not only hard and hinders the growth of the roots of the crop, but also prevents the penetration of moisture. It acts as a partition wall with the subsoil layer 15 to reduce the water holding power of the entire soil. In other words, the preferred conditions of the field are that the soil layer 13 is deep and the environment where the root of the crop reaches the subsoil layer 15 is desirable, and the uncultivated cultivation layer 14 is unfavorable for growing the crop. By crushing this, the snowmelt water (same for rainwater) stagnating on the surface of the field is led to the subsoil layer, and water is retained in the subsoil layer and the water in the soil layer drains it. is necessary.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, in the subsoil crushing operation, the snow layer 1 is operated by the knife of the subsoiler working machine.
1, the molten water 12, the soil layer 13, the tillage layer 14, and the subsoil layer 15 form the slit S. At this time, there is no problem as long as the space formed after the passage of the knife is wide, but the upper part of the cultivation layer 14 is often sheep-shaped, and a slit S is formed in this part. Also, the slit is immediately closed by the elasticity of the soil,
Despite the crushing of the tillage layer 14, the snowmelt water remaining on the soil layer cannot reach the subsoil layer 15.

[0008] Therefore, the cultivation layer 14
In the portion corresponding to, the width of the slit S is increased to form the enlarged slit S1 in the yokan layer portion, and the snowmelt water is guided to the subsoil layer 15 through the wide enlarged slit S1 and the sheep is re-formed. Even if the abutment layer is closed, there is time until that time, so that a large amount of snowmelt water is surely introduced into the subsoil layer 15 during that time. At this time, when the snowmelt water flows into the slit S and the expansion slit S1, it flows into the subsoil layer 15 along with the soil existing on the surface of the soil layer 13, which is more fertile than the subsoil layer. Soil layer 1
Surface soil of No. 3 and snowmelt water are positively introduced into the subsoil.

That is, when this snowmelt water is introduced from the slit S formed by the knife to the subsoil layer, a part of the soil of the soil layer 13 is guided to the subsoil layer 15 together with the snowmelt water, and the nutrient content is increased. By improving the soil layer that has a lot of soil to the subsoil layer, the subsoil layer can be improved and fertilized.

[0010] Further, since the snowmelt water is guided to the subsoil layer 15, the excess water of the portion from the lower side of the soil layer 13 to the tillage layer 14, the so-called sheep layer, also reaches the subsoil layer 15, The soil in the state of the matte is dried and loses its elasticity, the slit is not blocked by aging, and the nutrients necessary for the crop can be supplied to deep parts.

Further, in the process of growing the crop, since the cultivation layer 14 is crushed, the root of the crop reaches the subsoil layer 15, which promotes the expansion of the rhizosphere and promotes the growth of the crop. It can make the crop resistant to drought and long rain.

A working machine used in carrying out the above working method will be described below. First, in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the reference numeral 20 indicates the entire work machine, which is a sub-soiler-type work machine. A knife 22 is attached to a frame 21 constituting the work machine 20. In the same manner as the conventional subsoiler working machine, an enlarged body 30 having a width larger than that of the knife 22 is attached in the middle of the knife 22 in the height direction, and the enlarged body 30 is mounted on a plane including the knife 22. The work can be divided along the working width direction.

That is, the enlarged body 30 includes an enlarged half body 31 whose tip portion 31S in the work traveling direction has a sharp shape.
The enlarged half 3 combined with this enlarged half 31 in a palm-shape form
2, a space 33 is formed in the center portion where the two are combined, and the knife 22 can be inserted into this space 33. Since the expansion body 30 can be divided into two, the knife 22 is housed in the space 33 in a manner that the knife 22 is sandwiched. The rear ends of the enlarged half 31 and the enlarged half 32 in the working direction can be in close contact with each other, and the thick portions 31X, 3
2X are formed.

Furthermore, bolt holes 31A, 3A and 3B common to the enlarged body 31 and the enlarged half 32 and the knife 22 are provided.
2A and 22A are drilled, through which bolts 34 can be inserted and nuts can be tightened. At this time, the bolt 34 and the nut are bolt holes 31 of the enlarged half bodies 31 and 32.
A counterbore for accommodating them is formed around A and 32A so that a bolt head and a nut do not protrude to the surface (more than the width) of the enlarged body 30. The knife 22 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes in the height direction so that the mounting position of the enlarged body 30 can be selected.

The enlargement body 30 is attached to the knife 22. In advance, a position where the sheep layer exists is predicted in advance.
The expansion body 30 is attached, and during the operation, the expansion body 30 has a wide slit, a so-called expansion slit S1.
Can be formed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the enlarged body 30 corresponds to the soil structure and the structure in the depth direction of the field as shown in FIG.
The one shown in FIG. 5A, the one shown in FIG. 5B, and the one shown by a virtual line in FIG. 5B are used.

[0017]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the soil improvement method of the present invention, snowmelt water during snowmelt is formed in the tilling layer and the subsoil layer together with part of the soil of the soil layer. The soil can be introduced into the subsoil layer through the slit, and the soil can be improved by supplying the nutrients and air of the soil layer to the subsoil layer that could not breathe.
Further, according to the working machine, not only the slit of the width of the knife but also a slit having a larger width can be formed at an arbitrary position, so that the snowmelt water can be surely introduced into the subsoil layer. And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a field to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a field after applying the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the working machine of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a detailed perspective view of an enlarged body of the working machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of another embodiment of the enlarged body of the working machine according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Field 11 Snow layer 12 Melt layer 13 Cultivation layer 14 Cultivation layer 15 Subsoil layer 20 Work machine 21 Frame 22 Knife 22A Bolt hole 30 Enlarged body 31 Enlarged half 32 Enlarged half 33 Space

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. While performing subsoil crushing work using a subsoiler working machine, while forming a wide slit by means of a slit enlarger attached to a knife, snowmelt water present under the snow belt is passed through the subsoiler. While leading to the subsoil layer through the slit formed, part of the soil layer to the subsoil layer,
A soil improvement method characterized by performing soil improvement by mixing soil in a subsoil layer with soil in a subsoil layer. 2. A sub-soiler working machine, characterized in that an enlarged slit body is detachably attached to at least a portion corresponding to a lower side of a soil layer with respect to the knife.