JPH03167067A - Body construction of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance strength as well as to facilitate the setting of an outer plate by forming a lateral framework into a nearly U-shaped cross sectional form having a web connected to top and bottom of its base, and welding it after inserting the edge of a vertical framework into a through hole provided in one side of the web, so as to weld an outer plate to the base of a horizontal framework. CONSTITUTION:The body of a railway vehicle is composed of a horizontal body framework 3 installed on basic frame set up below the body. This horizontal body framework 3 consists of plural pieces of vertical frameworks 4-6 parallelly extending in the vertical direction, horizontal frameworks 7-10 orthogonally intersecting with these vertical frameworks 4-6, and diagonal members 11, 12 set up in square spaces being formed by these vertical and horizontal frameworks. In this case, the horizontal framework 8 (9, 10 are the same substantially) is formed into a nearly U-shaped cross sectional form having webs 8b, 8c connected to top and bottom of the base 8a, and a through hole 8e is formed in the lower web part 8b, the upper end of the vertical framework 4 is inserted into this hole, then the tip part of the vertical framework 4 and the peripheral part of this through hole 8e are welded to the horizontal framework 8. Then, an outer plate 16 is joined to the base 8a of this horizontal framework 8 by means of spot welding.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a car body structure of a vehicle such as a railway vehicle or a bus, in particular, to a car body constructed of a skeleton structure so as not to burden the outer skin with the weight of the car. Regarding the body structure of the vehicle.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the body structure of the above-mentioned vehicle has been disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62
-139752, in a railway vehicle structure having a structure frame formed by arranging a plurality of longitudinal columns (vertical bones) and a plurality of horizontal bones in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal columns, the above-mentioned longitudinal columns By arranging braces (diagonal) A) in the rectangular space formed by the (vertical bones) and horizontal bones to form a structure frame, and by tensioning the outer skin on this structure frame, the outer skin when joined is In addition to eliminating distortion, the mounting of the outer panel is made into a container, and as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No. 63-199878, a frame for a vehicle structure is constructed by joining a bone member with another bone member that intersects with the bone member. Various frameworks have been proposed in which either one of the frames is provided with a through hole through which the other bone member is inserted, and the other bone member is inserted through the through hole and connected.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, what is described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-139752 does not specifically describe the cross-sectional shapes of columns (vertical bones), transverse bones, and braces, the means for connecting them to each other, and the means for connecting them to the outer panel. Not only is this not shown, but the sides of the car body are straight, and it is said that it can also be applied to roof structures, but roof structures generally have curves, and it is unclear how they will be braced. .

In other words, it is not only quite difficult to form diagonal braces that follow the curve of the roof, but also because diagonally curved members stretch when tension is applied and are likely to buckle when compressed. .

Furthermore, in the vehicle described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 63-199878, not only are the sides of the vehicle body straight, but there is no mention of the means for attaching the outer panels.
For example, if you try to join them together by spot welding, the thin square pipes will be dented and it will not work.
Moreover, since there is a step between the vertical and horizontal bones, it is unclear how they connect. Furthermore, the means for connecting the braces to the vertical and horizontal bones is not mentioned and is unclear.

In other words, the above conventional example only discloses the basic structure of the skeleton, and simply adopting the above structure cannot ensure the accuracy and strength of the joint, and the processing has to be done on-site, resulting in efficiency. In addition, there is a problem that distortion may occur in the frame itself.

In view of the above, the present invention ensures accuracy and strength of the joints between vertical bones, horizontal bones, and diagonal members (braces), and
To provide an object that allows mounting of an outer panel in a convenient manner and prevents distortion from occurring in the frame itself.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the vehicle body structure according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a plurality of longitudinal bones extending in the longitudinal direction, a transverse bone perpendicular to the longitudinal bones, and the longitudinal bones and the transverse bones. The structure frame is composed of diagonal members placed within the rectangular space that is formed.
In a vehicle body structure in which an outer panel is attached to the body frame, the horizontal frame is formed into a substantially U-shaped cross section with webs connected above and below the bottom, and a through hole is provided on one side of the web. It is characterized in that the ends of the vertical ribs are inserted into the through holes and the tips thereof are welded, and the outer plate is spot welded to the bottoms of the horizontal ribs. Further, the vehicle body structure according to claim 2 includes a plurality of vertical bones extending in the longitudinal direction;
A vehicle in which a structure frame is composed of a horizontal bone perpendicular to the vertical frame and diagonal members placed in a rectangular space formed by the vertical frame and the horizontal frame, and an outer skin is clad on the structure frame. In this car body structure, the vertical bones of the curved side portions are arranged diagonally to form the chord of the curved surfaces, and the skin support beams with a substantially U-shaped cross section and a curved bottom are attached to these vertical bones. This is characterized in that the curved surfaces are made to protrude outward and are joined in the lateral direction, and the bottom side of the outer panel support beam is brought into contact with the outer panel, so that the outer panel is stretched while being curved.

Further, in the vehicle body structure according to claim 3, a plurality of vertical bones extending in the longitudinal direction, a horizontal bone perpendicular to the vertical bones, and a rectangular space formed by the vertical bones and the horizontal bones are provided. In a vehicle body structure in which a body frame is composed of arranged diagonal members and an outer skin is attached to this body frame, a box-shaped body with a through hole through which a diagonal hole penetrates is provided at the joint between the vertical and horizontal bones. The joint is welded, and the end of the diagonal member is inserted into the through hole to weld the outer peripheral surface of the joint and the through hole of the diagonal member.

[For production]

According to the invention as set forth in claim 1 having the above configuration, the vertical bones and the horizontal bones are welded together at their tips by inserting the ends of the vertical bones into through holes provided on two sides of the web of the horizontal bones. This makes it possible to increase the strength and precision of this joint, and also makes it possible to join the transverse bone and the outer skin by spot welding, which improves workability and improves the strength and accuracy of the joint. The occurrence of distortion can be prevented as much as possible.

Further, according to the invention as claimed in claim 2, when the side surface has a curved surface, the outer panel and the outer panel support beam are brought into contact without being joined by welding, welding, etc., and tension is applied to the outer panel in this state. By attaching the outer panel and fixing the surrounding area, it is possible to obtain a curved appearance of the outer panel without any unevenness.

Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the invention, the length tolerance of the diagonal member is important, and if this tolerance is poor, the distortion after welding becomes extremely large. By changing the insertion amount, this length can be adjusted without worrying about manufacturing tolerances.Moreover, this joint is welded to the vertical cut and transverse bone, and the joint and diagonal material are also welded. Therefore, the strength of this joint can be increased.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 5 show the first embodiment.
An underframe 2 placed at the bottom of a car body 1 of a railway vehicle shown in the figure
A structural frame 3 shown in FIG. 4 is provided on top.

This structure frame 3 includes a plurality of longitudinal ribs 4, 5.6 extending in parallel in the longitudinal direction at predetermined intervals, and transverse 7, 8° 9. 10, and a diagonal member 1 arranged in a rectangular space formed by the vertical and horizontal bones.
1.12.

That is, a first horizontal rib 7 having a U-shaped cross section is arranged on the side edge of the underframe 2, and a plurality of first vertical ribs 4 are erected on the upper surface of the first horizontal rib 7. At the same time, a second horizontal bone 8 is connected to the upper surface of the first vertical bone 4 . A second vertical rib 5 as a window stud is erected on the upper surface of the second horizontal rib 8, and a third horizontal rib 9 is connected to the upper surface of the second vertical rib 5. Further, a third vertical bone 6 is erected on the upper surface of the third horizontal bone 9, and a fourth horizontal bone 10 is connected to the upper end of the third vertical bone 6. Each rectangular space formed by the mutually adjacent first vertical bones 4, 4 and the first and second horizontal bones 7°8, and the mutually adjacent third vertical bones 6, 6 and the third and second horizontal bones 7. In each rectangular space formed by the four horizontal ribs 9 and 10, one diagonal member 11 and one diagonal member 12 is placed downward to the right or downward to the left with the approximate center in the length direction of the structure frame 3 as the boundary. Both ends are fixedly arranged, thereby forming a structure frame 3.

Further, this structure frame 3 includes a roof frame 15 connected to the upper part of the fourth structure frame 10 via a pair of connecting fittings 13 and 14.
is provided.

The second horizontal rib 8 has a substantially U-shaped cross section in which a lower web portion 8b and an upper web portion 8C are connected above and below the bottom side 8a, and the upper and lower webs 8b and 8c have a substantially U-shaped cross section. Flanges 8d bent at right angles are connected to each other. Further, the third horizontal rib 9 has a substantially U-shaped cross section in which a lower web portion 9b and an upper web portion 9c are connected above and below the base 9a, and the upper and lower webs 9b and 9c have a Flanges 9d bent at approximately right angles are connected to each other. Further, the fourth horizontal rib 10 is formed in a substantially U-shape in cross section with a lower web portion 10b and an upper web portion 10c connected above and below the bottom side 10a, and this upper and lower web 1
A flange 10d bent upward at a substantially right angle is connected to each of 0b and 10c.

Further, the lower web 8b of the second transverse bone 8, the upper web 9c of the third transverse bone 9, and the lower web 10b of the fourth transverse bone 10 are provided with through holes 8e, 9e, and 10e, respectively. .

Note that it is desirable that these transverse bones 7, 8, 9, and 10 be a single bone (drawn material) spanning the entire length.

On the other hand, the first and third vertical ribs 4, 6, and further the diagonal members 11.1
2 are each made of a square pipe, and the second vertical rib 5 serving as a window stud is a thin plate with an open section and a dish-shaped cross section.

It goes without saying that the second vertical rib 5 may be formed of a square pipe.

Details of the connecting portion of the second horizontal bone 8 with the first vertical bone 4 and the diagonal member 11 are shown in enlarged form in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Note that the connection between the fourth horizontal rib 10, the third vertical member 6, and the diagonal member 12 has exactly the same structure, and the connection between the third horizontal rib 9 and the second horizontal member 12 is also the same.
The connection with the vertical member 5 is the same structure as shown in this figure when it is rotated 180 degrees and turned upside down.

That is, the upper end of the first vertical rib 4 is inserted into the through hole 8e provided in the lower web 8b of the second horizontal rib 8, and the contact surface between this tip and the upper web 8c, and the first vertical rib 7 Welding is performed between the outer peripheral surface of the lower web 8b and the periphery of the through hole 8e provided in the lower web 8b,
This connects the first vertical bone 4 and the second horizontal bone 8.

By welding in two layers in this way, the strength of this joint can be increased.

Further, the end surface of the diagonal member 11 is cut out in a hook shape to match the shape of the joint portion, that is, the stepped portion, between the second horizontal rib 7 and the first vertical bone 4 which are brought into contact with each other. After touching the
It is joined by welding around this area.

A predetermined location of the structure frame 3 configured as described above, that is, a space partitioned by the first transverse bone 7 and the second transverse bone 8, and a space partitioned by the third transverse bone 9 and the fourth transverse bone 10 are provided. In the space, outer panel 1
6.17 is to be stretched, and this is done as shown in Figure 5.

That is, the outer panels to be stretched 1.6. Fixing machine 1 at one end of 17
8, and the other end is pulled by a tensioner 16 equipped with a cylinder to apply tension to the outer panels 16 and 17. In this state, the spot outer plate 16 and the first and second transverse bones 7 and 8, and the outer plate 17 and the third and fourth transverse bones 9,
, 10 by spot welding the outer panels 16 and 17.
.

At this time, each of the above-mentioned transverse bones 7.8.9. Since 10 is formed with an inward opening in the shape of a trowel in cross section, spot welding can be reliably performed without deforming the trowel.

FIG. 6 shows the state when the above embodiment is applied to a bus.

That is, the structure frame 3' of the bus body is constructed in substantially the same manner as above.
1st. Mainly composed of second horizontal bones 7, 8, third horizontal bones 9, first vertical bones 4, second vertical bones 5, and diagonal members 11,
In the area defined by the transverse ribs 7 and the second transverse ribs 8, an outer plate (not shown) is stretched by spot welding in the same manner as described above.

7 to 10 show a second embodiment, and in a railway vehicle, as shown in FIG. 7, the vehicle limit line 2
Due to the 0 restriction, it may be necessary to hem the bottom of that side.

This embodiment is suitable for a case where the side surface has a curved surface, and differs from the first embodiment described above in the following points.

That is, the side end surface of the underframe 2 is formed into an inclined surface that slopes downwardly and gradually inward, and the first transverse rib 7 having a shape that matches this inclined surface is attached thereto. Then, between the first horizontal bone 7 and the second horizontal bone 8 located slightly outward from above, the first vertical bone 4 is connected to the curved chord formed here. Arrange as shown. Furthermore, by making the cross section substantially U-shaped and having the base 21a a curved surface with a curvature R, as shown in detail in an enlarged manner in FIG. The outer plate support beam 21 provided with 3 4 is placed on its flange 21b and is laterally connected to approximately the longitudinal center of the first vertical rib 4 to form the structural frame 3 shown in FIG. 9. .

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, one end of the outer panel 16 is fixed with a fixing device 18, the other end is pulled with a tensioning device 19 equipped with a cylinder to apply tension, and spot welding is carried out in this state. The outer panel 16 is installed, but at this time,
The outer plate support beam 21 and the outer plate 16 are only brought into contact with each other, and at both upper and lower edges, the first transverse bone 7 and the second transverse bone 8
and the outer plate 16 are spot welded.

With this configuration, the outer plate 16 can be easily and reliably attached to the vehicle body frame 3 without distortion while preventing local deformation and bending the outer plate 16 into a desired shape.

Note that a sealing material, packing, or the like may be inserted between the outer panel 16 and the outer panel support beam 21 to prevent corrosion or contact.

11 to 15 show the third embodiment,
The difference from the first embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 11, l! ! The diagonal member 11 between the first transverse bone 7 and the second transverse bone 8, and the diagonal moon 12 between the third transverse bone 9 and the fourth transverse bone 10 are arranged in a "V" shape, respectively, and This diagonal +4'll
, 12 are round pipes, and this diagonal moon 11.
The point is that the ends of 12 were connected in the following manner.

That is, FIGS. 13 and 14 show the state when the upper part of the diagonal member 11 is connected to the joint between the second horizontal rib 8 and the upper part of the first vertical rib 4, and the side plate 22a is held at a substantially right angle. triangle and pear,
A box-shaped joint 22 is connected to the oblique side by a rectangular swash plate 22b and has a through hole 22c through which the end of the diagonal member 11 can be inserted.
At the end surfaces thereof, the lower surface of the second horizontal bone 8 and the upper side surface of the first vertical bone 4 are welded, respectively. After the end of the diagonal member 11 is inserted into the through hole 22c, the outer peripheral surface of the through hole 22C and the peripheral surface of the diagonal member 11 are welded.

It goes without saying that the other connecting parts of the diagonal members 11, that is, their lower parts, can also be connected in the same manner as above, and at least one of the upper and lower parts of the other diagonal members 12 can be connected in the same manner as above. It is connected as follows.

Here, diagonal material 11. ．． 12, the tolerance is important, and if the tolerance is poor, the distortion after welding will become extremely large, but by configuring it as described above, the length of the diagonal members 11 and 12 can be adjusted, thereby reducing the welding distortion. can be eliminated.

FIGS. 16 to 18 show a first modification of this embodiment, in which a pair of members 23a form a substantially trapezoidal shape with an upward opening when the box-shaped joint 23 is cut in half and brought into contact with each other.
, 23a, and semicircular notches 23b are provided on both sides of each member 23a.

23b is provided, and the notches 23b, 23b face each other to form a through hole through which the diagonal member 11 (or 12) is inserted. A welding hole 23c is provided to enable welding to the vertical frame.

19 and 20 show a second modification, in which when the joints 24 are brought into contact with each other, the corners 24b, 24b
The two-piece member 2 is bent and formed to form a through hole.
4a and 24a.

In addition, the first modification example and the second modification example are combined,
As shown in FIG. 21, substantially the same configuration as the joint 24 is provided on both sides, that is, when the joints 24 are brought into contact with each other, through holes are formed at the corners 25b, 25b of both sides, and the surface A pair of two-piece members 25a with welding holes 25c provided therein.

25a may constitute the joint 25.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has the following effects.

According to the invention set forth in claim 1, the strength and precision of the joint between the vertical bone and the horizontal bone can be increased, and thereby even if tension, compression, bending force, etc. are applied to the vertical bone, local This force can be transmitted to the transverse bones without causing deformation. Moreover, it is possible to join the transverse bone and the outer plate by spot welding, thereby improving workability and preventing distortion of the outer plate as much as possible.

According to the invention as claimed in claim 2, when the side surface has a curved surface, the outer panel and the outer panel support beam are brought into contact with each other without being connected by welding or the like, and in this state, the outer panel is attached while applying tension. By fixing the periphery, it is possible to obtain a curved appearance of the outer panel without any irregularities.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the length tolerance of the diagonal member is important, and if this tolerance is poor, the distortion after welding becomes extremely large, but the amount of insertion of the diagonal member into the through hole of the joint is By changing the
This length can be adjusted, and since the joint is welded to the vertical and horizontal bones, and the joint and diagonal members are also welded, the strength of this joint can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vehicle, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the joint between the vertical and horizontal bones, Figure 3 is a bottom view of the main part of Figure 2, Figure 4 is a side view showing the body frame, Figure 5 The figure is a side view when installing the outer panel, Figure 6 is a side view showing another structure assembly, Figures 7 to 10 show the second embodiment, and Figure 7 is the same as Figure 1. Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the outer plate support beam, Figure 9 is a diagram equivalent to Figure 4,
Figure 10 is a diagram equivalent to Figure 5, Figures 11 to 15 are equivalent to Figure 3.
FIG. 11 is a view equivalent to FIG. 4, FIG. 12 is a view equivalent to FIG. 5, FIG. 13 is a view equivalent to FIG. 2, FIG. 14 is a side view of FIG. 13, and FIG. is a perspective view showing the joint, No. 16
Figures to Figures 18 show modified examples of the joint, and Figure 16 shows the first
3, FIG. 17 is a view equivalent to FIG. 14, FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the joint, FIGS. 19 and 20 show other modifications, and FIG. FIG. 20 is an exploded perspective view of the joint, and FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view of the joint showing still another modification. 1... Vehicle body, 3.3'... Structure frame, 4, 5.6.
...Longitudinal bone, 7.8. 9. 10... Lateral bone, 11,1
2... Diagonal member, 16.17... Outer plate, 19... Tension machine, 21... Outer plate support beam, 22.23, 24.25
...Joint.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of vertical bones extending in the vertical direction, a horizontal bone perpendicular to the vertical bones, and a diagonal member disposed within a rectangular space formed by the vertical bones and the horizontal bones. In a vehicle body structure in which a body frame is constituted by a body frame, and an outer skin is attached to this body frame, the transverse frame is formed into a substantially U-shaped cross section with webs connected above and below the base, and one side of this web is A vehicle body structure characterized in that a through hole is provided in the through hole, the end of the vertical rib is inserted into the through hole and the tip is welded, and an outer plate is spot welded to the bottom of the horizontal rib. 2. The structure frame is composed of a plurality of vertical bones extending in the vertical direction, horizontal bones perpendicular to the vertical bones, and diagonal members arranged in a rectangular space formed by the vertical bones and the horizontal bones. , in a vehicle body structure in which an outer panel is stretched on the body frame, the vertical bones of the portion where the side surface is a curved surface are arranged diagonally so as to form a chord of the curved surface,
A skin support beam with a substantially U-shaped cross section and a curved bottom is connected to this longitudinal frame laterally with the curved surface protruding outward, and the bottom of this skin support beam is brought into contact with the skin. A vehicle body structure characterized by having an outer panel stretched and curved. 3. The structure frame is composed of a plurality of vertical bones extending in the vertical direction, horizontal bones perpendicular to the vertical bones, and diagonal members arranged in a rectangular space formed by the vertical bones and the horizontal bones. In a vehicle body structure in which an outer panel is attached to the body frame, a box-shaped joint with a through hole through which a diagonal member penetrates is welded to the joint between the vertical and horizontal bones, and the inside of this through hole is welded. 1. A vehicle body structure characterized in that the end of the diagonal member is inserted through and welded between the outer peripheral surface of the joint and the through hole of the diagonal member.