JPH03166400A - High-speed electrolyte rough finishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To apply high speed electrolytic rough finishing to the surface of a metal sheet with high efficiency by means of electrolytic working by carrying out electrolysis by applying electrification to the position between a metal sheet and an electrode plate while supplying an electrolyte into a clearance between the metal sheet and the electrode plate moving relatively with the metal plate. CONSTITUTION:An electrode plate 3 of an electrode tool 2 is provided to a metal sheet 1 as the object of polishing over the polishing width of the metal sheet 1, and both are disposed in a manner to be opposed to each other via a minute clearance 14 of about 0.2mm. An electrolyte is supplied into the above clearance 14 through a passage 5 partitioned off by an insulating material 6 in the inner part of the above electrode total 2. While moving the above electrode plate 3 relatively with the metal sheet 1 on a working table 7 along the surface of this metal sheet 1 in the above state, an electric current for electrolysis is allowed to flow between the metal sheet 1 and the electrode plate 3 via the electrolyte. By this method, the surface of the above metal sheet 1 can be subjected to rough finishing at a high speed by means of electrolytic working, by which a substrate surface for super-mirror finish can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] In recent years, there has been a demand for highly mirror-finished surfaces of stainless steel plates, etc., and the present inventors first achieved this by electrolytic abrasive polishing. We are proposing a method. Due to its processing mechanism, this electrolytic abrasive polishing method is a super mirror finishing method that mainly targets submicron regions.

The present invention relates to a high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method suitable for obtaining a base surface for ultra-mirror finish by such electrolytic abrasive polishing, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method suitable for obtaining a base surface for ultra-mirror finish by such electrolytic abrasive polishing. This invention relates to a method for high-speed rough finishing using electrolysis.

[Prior Art] Although electrolytic machining has problems with accuracy, it has potential comparable to cutting machining in terms of high efficiency machining. This electrolytic machining generally emphasizes application to three-dimensional shapes (processing in millimeters), such as drilling and cutting the workpiece by feeding an electrode into the workpiece in the depth direction. However, recently, high-efficiency machining characteristics in surface rough finishing machining in μm units have been attracting attention.

For example, the Journal of the Electrical Engineering Society Vol. 20, No. 40, P
．． In Nos. 1 to 13, Sakai and Masuzawa report on research on high-speed electrolytic finishing of wire electrical discharge machined surfaces. This electrolytic finishing method targets wire electrical discharge machining surfaces, and since the cutout remaining after cutting out the product by electrical discharge machining has a shape that is the inverse of the product shape, it is used as a counter electrode to the product, and both are equally spaced. Electrolytic processing is performed while holding the parts in a stationary state through a gap and supplying the necessary electrolyte between them.

However, this type of electrolytic finishing method is based on the premise that the product to be surface-finished and the counter electrode are faced and held in a stationary state, and it is not expected to be applied to large-area plates or pipes. It has not been.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The technical problem of the present invention is to improve the surface of a stainless steel material for electrolytic abrasive polishing, which requires the removal of a process-affected layer of around 10 μm, or an equivalent surface of a material to be polished. And,
The object of the present invention is to obtain a method for highly efficiently rough finishing the surface of a material having a large area by electrolytic machining, which requires line feed relative to an electrode tool.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, when a plate material is to be polished, an electrode plate provided over the polishing width of the plate material is connected to the plate material to be polished. The electrolytic solution is supplied to the gap between the electrode plate and the plate material to be polished through the channel inside the electrode tool to which the electrode plate is attached, and the electrode plate is placed on the surface of the plate material. This method is characterized by passing a current for electrolysis between the plate material and the electrode plate while relatively moving the plate material along the electrode plate, and rough finishing the surface of the plate material at high speed by electrolytic processing.

In addition, when polishing the inner and outer surfaces of a tube, an electrode plate is placed opposite to the inner or outer circumferential surface of the tube with a small gap between the electrode plate and the tube to be polished. While supplying an electrolytic solution and moving the electrode plate relative to the shaft direction of the tube material, a current for electrolysis is passed between the tube material and the electrode plate, and the inner or outer surface of the tube material is roughened at high speed by electrolytic processing. It is characterized by finishing.

[Function] According to the above-mentioned high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method, the electrode plate is relatively moved along the surface of the object to be polished, and while an electrolytic solution is supplied between the surface and the electrode plate, a current for electrolysis is applied. The underlying surface of stainless steel material for electrolytic abrasive polishing, which requires the removal of a machining-affected layer of around 10 μm by flowing, or the equivalent surface of the material to be polished, and the line relative to the electrode tool. Electrolytic machining makes it possible to rough-finish material surfaces that are large enough to require feeding in a highly efficient manner.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the state in which the high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method of the present invention is applied to a stainless steel+SOS+ plate l. The electrode tool 2 used to carry out this high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method is provided over the polishing width of the plate material l to be polished. It is installed over a length of .5m. This electrode tool 2 is provided with an electrode plate 3 along one side thereof, and the electrode plate 3 and the plate material to be polished are passed through the inside of the electrode tool 2.
A flow path 5 for supplying an electrolytic solution is formed in the gap 4 between the two. In order to stably flow the electrolyte toward the gap 4,
The space between the channel wall on the opposite side of the gap 4 and the plate material 1 is sealed against outflow of the electrolyte to the extent possible by covering the front surface of the electrode tool 2 with an insulating material 6. .

The electrode tool 2 is fixedly installed on the electrolytic rough finishing device and can feed the plate l placed on the processing table 7 in the eight directions of arrows, but the feed of the plate 1 is different from the arrow A. It can also be done in the opposite direction. Alternatively, the electrode tool 2 can be fixedly disposed without feeding the plate l, and the electrode tool 2 can be fed in any direction with respect to the plate l. For example, IOμm
When targeting a subsurface of electrolytic abrasive polishing that requires removal of the processed damaged layer before and after the process, an electrode tool must be fixedly installed in order to perform electrolytic abrasive polishing consecutively to this electrolytic rough finishing. Therefore, it is necessary to feed the plate material 1 at the same speed as in the case of electrolytic abrasive polishing.

When performing electrolytic processing on the surface of a plate material, the plate material 1 is used as a brass pole and the electrode plate 3 is used as a negative pole, and a current for electrolysis is passed between them, and the surface of the plate material is rough-finished at high speed by electrolytic processing. In this electrolytic processing for electrolytic rough finishing, a high current density region is used in which the passive film is decomposed and removed by itself. The current efficiency at this time is close to 100% (the highest processing efficiency assumed for each material). In addition, in this electrolytic abrasive polishing after rough finishing, the current efficiency is close to zero l A/
Utilize current densities below cm'.

In the electrolytic machining described above, the feeding speed (m+n/nfn) of the electrode tool in the depth direction serves as a measure of machining efficiency, and this is not related to the machining area. The current density required to obtain a machining speed of 1 mm/min is the same when machining stainless steel using a sodium nitrate aqueous solution as the electrolyte. In addition to eluting Cr with a valence of 6, it is also accompanied by anodic reactions such as the generation of Ox and NOx, so it is assumed that the rate is about 9OA/c in a steady state. Note that a feed rate of 1 +yus/min corresponds to a processing speed for removing 10 μm in 0.6 seconds for surface finishing. Under such processing conditions, the current capacity is estimated to be 4860 A when the width of the plate material 1 to be polished is 1.5 m.

Assuming that the above-mentioned high-speed electrolytic rough finishing of stainless steel plates is applied to the first stage roughing process of a line-type continuous mirror polishing machine using the electrolytic abrasive polishing method, the maximum feed speed of the plate material is 6
It becomes ram's. Since the facing time between the workpiece and the electrode to obtain a processing amount of 0 μm is 0.6 seconds, the width of the electrode plate 3 in the electrode tool 2 may be 3.6 mm.

Note that the current for electrolysis may be a pulse current, and if the necessary current capacity cannot be obtained, an off-line mirror polishing device may be used and the number of passes by the electrolytic tool may be increased.

In the above-mentioned high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method, how much the machining gap is set is an important factor in terms of system structure. From the standpoint of power costs, it is better to make the machining gap smaller and process at a lower voltage, but due to variations in plate thickness, the presence of accidental protrusions, and vertical movement of the plate due to feeding, it is not recommended to set the machining gap too small. It is also dangerous to do so. Since about 0.1 mm is considered to be the limit, it is preferable to set it to about 0.2 mm.

In addition, just before the plate material 1 is fed into the position facing the electrode plate 3, a sensor is provided that contacts the surface of the plate material to detect the distance between the plate material 1 and the electrode plate 3, thereby ensuring that the machining gap is always appropriate. It is also possible to monitor whether the

The conditions for obtaining a current density of 90 A/cm'' with a machining gap of 0.2+nm as described above are that the specific conductivity of the electrolyte is 0.18 S/cm with respect to the electrode gap voltage lOv, and the specific conductivity of the electrolyte is 4p with a sodium nitrate aqueous solution. It can be applied if a voltage higher than IOV is applied.Although a saline solution is advantageous from the viewpoint of processing efficiency and economy, it is necessary to balance the disadvantages such as corrosiveness to surrounding equipment and generation of bits. , is not necessarily advantageous.

The high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method of the present invention can also be applied when the object to be polished is the inner circumferential surface or outer circumferential surface of a pipe material.

FIG. 2 shows the method of the present invention applied to stainless steel (S[ISl).
This figure shows the state in which it is applied to the inner surface of the tube material 11. The electrode tool l2 used in this case is attached to the tip of a support rod (not shown) that is equal to or longer than the length of the tube material 11, and is attached to the tip of a support rod (not shown) that is equal to or longer than the length of the tube material 11, and is By covering with insulating material l6, the pipe material l
The circumferential surface of the electrode plate I3 is placed opposite to the inner circumferential surface of the electrode plate I3. In the gap 14 between the electrode plate l3 and the inner peripheral surface of the tube material l1,
An electrolytic solution is supplied from one end side through a channel l5 in the tube material, and a current for electrolysis is passed between the tube material 11 and the electrode plate l3 while moving the electrode tool l2 relatively in the axial direction of the tube material l1. , the inner surface of the tube material is rough-finished at high speed by electrolytic machining.

The electrode tool 12 inserted into the tube material 11 has its electrode plate 13
It is necessary to oppose the circumferential surface of the tube material 1i evenly to the inner surface of the tube material 1i through the gap [14, therefore, the electrode tool or the support rod has an electrode tool l2 that is in contact with the inner surface of the tube material to hold the electrode tool l2 at the center of the tube material 1l. It is necessary to provide a guide etc. for this purpose. The relative movement of the electrode tool l2 and the tube material 11 can be carried out by holding the electrode tool 12 in a fixed state and feeding the tube material 1l in the direction of arrow B as shown in the figure, but it is the same as in the case of the plate material explained earlier. However, it is not limited to that.

Other electrolytic conditions and the like may be set substantially the same as in the case of surface roughening of the plate material described above.

Note that the high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method of the present invention is suitable for obtaining a base surface for ultra-mirror finish by electrolytic abrasive polishing, but is not limited thereto. It can be applied when rough finishing the inner and outer surfaces of plates or tubes at high speed.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the method of the present invention detailed above, the base surface of stainless steel material for electrolytic abrasive polishing that requires removal of the process-affected layer before and after LQIia, or an equivalent abrasive material Electrolytic machining can be used to highly efficiently roughly finish a large material surface that requires line feed relative to the electrode tool.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part showing how the high speed electrolytic rough finishing method according to the present invention is applied to a plate material, and FIG. 2 is a half sectional view of a main part showing a state of application to a pipe material. 1... Plate material, 2.12... Electrode tool, 3,l3
...electrode plate, 4. L4...Gap, 5.15...Flow path, 1l...Pipe material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electrode plate provided over the polishing width of a plate material to be polished is opposed to the plate material to be polished with a small gap therebetween, and the electrode plate is passed through a channel inside an electrode tool to which the electrode plate is attached, An electrolytic solution is supplied to the gap between the electrode plate and the plate material to be polished, and while the electrode plate is relatively moved along the surface of the plate material, a current for electrolysis is passed between the plate material and the electrode plate. , a high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method that is characterized by rough finishing the surface of a plate material at high speed by electrolytic processing. 2. Place an electrode plate opposite the inner or outer circumferential surface of the pipe material to be polished with a small gap therebetween, supply an electrolytic solution to the gap between the electrode plate and the pipe material to be polished, and place the electrode plate on the pipe material. A high-speed electrolytic rough finishing method characterized by passing a current for electrolysis between the tube material and the electrode plate while relatively moving the tube material in the axial direction, and rough finishing the inner or outer surface of the tube material at high speed by electrolytic processing. .