JPH0252665A - Blood plasma taking device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size and weight of the device by providing clamps to both inside and outside blood feed lines, both inside and outside blood return lines and a physiological salt soln. line respectively and providing a bubble sensor to the blood line on the side outer than a blood pump. CONSTITUTION:The outer blood return clamp 13 is provided to the outer blood feeding line 5 and an anticoagulant pump 15 is provided to an anticoagulant line 6. The blood pump 16 which can be operated forward and backward is provided on the blood line 7 and the bubble sensor 17 is mounted to the position outer than the pump 16. Further, the inner blood return clamp 18 is provided to the inner blood feed line 8 and the inner blood return clamp clamp 20 is provided to the inner blood return line 9. The outer blood return clamp 22 is provided to the outer blood return line 10 and the physiological salt soln. clamp 24 is provided to the physiological salt soln. line 11. The required pumps are decreased to 2 pieces in such a manner and the reduction of the size and weight of the system is possible.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention provides a plasma collection device that separates only plasma using a plasma separator and returns blood cell components to the donor when blood is collected from donated blood from a donor. , and its control method.

<Prior art> Conventional plasma collection devices include, for example, those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
There is one shown in the figure.

In the conventional apparatus shown in FIG. 3, a plasma separator 1 is
A blood feeding line 2° leading to the entrance of the blood supply line 2°, and an anti-blood coagulant line 3° supplying an anti-blood coagulant to this fake blood line 2°;
Plasma separator 11. A blood return line 5° returns to the donor side from the outlet of the blood via the concentrated blood container 4°, and a plasma separator 1. 2
The blood supply line 2° is equipped with a blood pump 8o, the anticoagulant line 3° is equipped with an anticoagulant pump 9°, and a plasma line 7° runs from the volcano mouth to the plasma container 6°. A blood return pump lOo is provided on the line 5°, and a plasma pump H is provided on the plasma line 7°.

In addition, a plasma separator l is installed on the blood supply line 2°. Pressure sensor 12. A chamber H with a pressure sensor 14 is installed in the blood return line 5, and a chamber +5 with a pressure sensor 14 is installed downstream of the blood return pump 10 (+).

This device typically uses two indwelling needles.

The device shown in FIG. 4 has a common blood supply line 2° and a blood return line 5° on the donor side, resulting in a single blood line 16.
．． A blood pump 7° capable of forward and reverse operation is provided above the blood line 1B, and a circulation pump 18° is further provided above the blood feeding line 2°. Circulation pump 1
A physiological saline line 19o is connected to the 8° upstream side. In the diagram, the parts corresponding to the parts of the device in Figure 2 are as follows:
The same symbols are given.

This device is a single needle device that uses a single indwelling needle.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The device shown in Figure 3 is equipped with a total of four pumps: a blood pump 8°, an anticoagulant pump 9°, a blood return pump lOo, and a plasma pump 11°. As a result, the overall size and weight increased, making it inconvenient to load onto a blood donation vehicle and move, and the use of two indwelling needles placed a heavy burden on the donor.

The device shown in Figure 4 is a single-needle type, which reduces the burden on the donor, but it also has the problem of increasing the size and weight of the device as it is equipped with four pumps. Ta.

To deal with this, it is possible to omit one of the four pumps or to share it with another pump, but if you reduce the number of pumps by omitting or sharing it,
Reducing the number of pumps is not easy because various inconveniences occur, such as a decrease in the efficiency of plasma collection.

For example, plasma pump 11. If this is omitted, at the start of blood collection, the plasma separator l. Although a large amount of plasma is collected from the
Early clogging occurs, which significantly reduces the amount of plasma collected in the second half of the blood collection cycle, resulting in a lower total volume collected during the entire collection cycle.

In addition, in a single-needle type device as shown in Fig. 4, after repeating blood collection and blood return several times, the mode shifts to blood collection mode, and physiological saline is supplied to the concentrated blood container 4°. The mixture of blood and concentrated blood is returned to the donor, but if the circulation pump 18° is omitted, it becomes difficult to supply physiological saline, and problems such as blood collection take time arise.

Furthermore, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, chambers 130 and 150 with pressure sensors 1.2o and 14o are interposed in the blood flowing line, respectively.
Since o15o is relatively large and requires a large space, this point has also been a factor in increasing the size of the entire device. However, these chambers 13, . 15. teeth,
In addition to being necessary to detect the pressure of blood in each line, it also serves to remove air bubbles mixed in the blood, that is, to bleed air, so it is difficult to omit it.

In addition, in the conventional device described above, the blood line 160 includes
Both blood with unseparated plasma and concentrated blood with red blood cells from which plasma has been separated are distributed, so when blood collection is resumed after returning concentrated blood from the concentrated blood container 4° to the donor, the blood line t6. Since concentrated blood remains in the plasma separator I, this residual blood will be sent to the plasma separator I. However, there were problems such as clogging and hemolysis.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reduce the number of pumps and omit the chamber, thereby reducing the size and weight of the device, and reducing the number of pumps. The purpose of the present invention is to prevent inconveniences caused by the omission of a chamber or a chamber, and to efficiently collect plasma.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the plasma collection device of the present invention includes an indwelling needle that is placed in a blood vessel of a donor, and an outer blood supply line that is connected to this indwelling needle. an anticoagulant line that leads an anticoagulant to the inlet of this outer blood supply line; an anticoagulant pump installed on this anticoagulant line; A blood line that also serves as a sending and returning eaves, a blood pump installed on this blood line that can operate in forward and reverse directions, a plasma separator, and an internal blood supply line that extends from the blood line to the lower end inlet of the plasma separator. a concentrated blood container connected to the outlet at a higher level than the upper end of the plasma separator; an inner blood return line extending from the outlet of the concentrated blood container to the inner end of the blood line; an outer blood return line extending from the end to the indwelling needle; a saline line leading physiological saline to the outlet side of the concentrated blood container from a liquid level position higher than the concentrated blood container; and a plasma container that carries plasma from the plasma separator. and an automatic flow control means provided on the plasma line, and clamps are attached to at least both the internal and external blood supply lines, the internal and external blood return lines, and the saline line, respectively. was provided, and a bubble sensor was provided in the blood line outside the blood pump.

Furthermore, in the control method of the present invention, in the blood collection mode, the anticoagulant pump is driven to supply the anticoagulant to the outer blood feeding line, and the outer blood feeding line, the blood line, and the inner blood feeding line are connected to each other. is connected to the inlet of the plasma separator to drive the blood pump in the blood feeding direction.Meanwhile, in the plasma line, automatic flow rate control means is operated so that the plasma flow is approximately averaged, and in the blood return mode, the blood pump is driven in the blood feeding direction. The blood pump is driven in the blood return direction by connecting the inner blood return line, the blood line, and the outer blood return line to the outlet of the blood container, and if air bubbles are detected by the air bubble sensor in the blood return mode, the air bubbles In response to the detection, the blood line is communicated with the outlet of the concentrated blood container via the inner blood return line, and the blood pump is driven in the sending direction so that the blood in the blood line returns to the concentrated blood container. When re-collecting blood after blood return, the blood line is connected to the outlet of the concentrated blood container via the inner blood return line, and the blood pump is driven in the blood feeding direction to wipe out the concentrated blood in the blood line. In the blood collection mode, after supplying saline to the concentrated blood container through the saline line, the inner blood supply line, blood line, and outer blood return line are connected to the inlet of the plasma separator. The blood pump is driven in the blood return direction so that the concentrated blood containing physiological saline in the concentrated blood container flows through the plasma separator from top to bottom.

By controlling the plasma collection device of the present invention using the method described above, an anticoagulant is mixed with blood collected from a donor at the time of blood collection, and the blood thus anticoagulated is mixed with plasma. It is sent to a separator.

In the plasma separator, plasma is separated from the collected blood and sent to a plasma container, and the concentrated blood containing red blood cells after the plasma has been separated is stored in the concentrated blood container.

In this case, in the plasma line, the iy! of plasma is controlled by automatic flow control means. Since the tffi is approximately averaged and a large amount of plasma is not filtered at the same time, clogging does not occur in the plasma separator.

At the time of blood return, the concentrated blood stored in the concentrated blood container is returned to the donor through the inner blood return line, the blood line, the outer blood return line, and the indwelling needle.

In this case, if the blood to be returned contains air bubbles, these air bubbles are detected by the air bubble sensor, and in response to this detection, the blood pump's feeding direction is reversed, and the blood containing air bubbles is transferred to the inner blood return line. The blood flows in the reverse direction and is returned to the concentrated blood container, and does not flow into the plasma separator, so that problems such as air blocks caused by bubbles do not occur in the plasma separator. Furthermore, air is removed from the blood returned to the concentrated blood container inside the container.

Therefore, it is possible to omit a chamber for air removal.

When blood is re-collected after blood return, some concentrated blood remains in the blood line, which is part of the distribution route for the collected blood. When the blood is returned to the container and there is no more concentrated blood in the blood line, the distribution route is switched to the plasma separator side. Therefore, the remaining concentrated blood does not flow into the plasma separator, and only newly collected blood flows into the plasma separator.

Furthermore, during blood collection, physiological saline is directly supplied to the concentrated blood container using the difference in liquid levels. In this case, since the air in the concentrated blood container is exhausted through the airline, it does not take much time to introduce the physiological saline. Also,
Concentrated blood mixed with physiological saline passes through the plasma separator from top to bottom, and this liquid is subjected to the suction force of the blood pump and pressure due to the difference in liquid level, so it circulates quickly. . Therefore, blood collection can be completed in a short time.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an example shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a plasma collection device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the plasma collection device of this example has donor D
The plasma separator 2 includes a single indwelling needle 1 that is placed in a blood vessel. The plasma separator 2 is a model plasma separator made of hollow fibers, for example, and is supported vertically within the device, and the upper end outlet stores red blood cell concentrate blood after the plasma has been separated. A concentrated blood container 3 is provided. The concentrated blood container 3 is made of a hard material and is shaped like a case. Concentrated blood container 3 has at least two upper and lower parts.
A level sensor 4 is provided which can detect the liquid level in the stage.

In addition, this plasma collection device includes an outer blood supply line 5 located on the donor D side, an anticoagulant line 6, a blood line 7 that also serves as blood return, and an inner blood line 5 located on the plasma separator 2 side. Blood supply line 8, inner blood return line 9, outer blood return line IO, physiological saline line 11, and plasma line 12
It is equipped with

The outer blood feeding line 5 is connected to the indwelling needle 1 and connected to the outer end of the blood line 7, and is provided with an outer blood feeding clamp 13. The anticoagulant line 6 leads the anticoagulant from the anticoagulant container 14 to the inlet of the outer blood supply line 5, and includes an anticoagulant pump 1.
5 is provided.

The blood line 7 is located between the outer blood supply line 5 and blood return line IO and the inner blood supply line 8 and blood return line 9, and connects them to each other. An operable blood pump 16 is provided,
An air bubble sensor I7 is attached to a position outside the blood pump 16.

The inner blood feeding line 8 extends from the inner end of the blood line 7 to the lower end inlet of the plasma separator 2, and an inner blood feeding clamp 18 and one pressure sensor are provided in the middle thereof. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor I9 is composed of a cylindrical body that can be expanded and contracted and that becomes a part of the line, and a part that outputs a detection signal in accordance with the expansion and contraction of this cylindrical body.

The inner blood return line 9 extends from the outlet of the a-thickness blood container 3 to the inner end of the blood line 7, and is provided with an inner blood return clamp 20.

The outer blood return line IO extends from the outer end of the blood line 7 to the indwelling needle 1, and is provided with a pressure sensor 21 and an outer blood return clamp 22. This pressure sensor 22 is connected to the pressure sensor 1 on the inner blood supply line 8 described above.
The same one as 9 is used.

The physiological saline line 11 guides the physiological saline from the physiological saline container 23 to the outlet of the concentrated blood container 3 using a level difference, and is provided with a physiological saline clamp 24 .

The plasma line I2 leads plasma from the lower secondary outlet of the plasma separator 2 to the plasma container 25, and is provided with a plasma clamp 26 and an automatic flow control means 27. The automatic flow rate control means 27 may be, for example, a so-called "
"Auto cleanser" is used.

Furthermore, the upper part of the a-thick blood container 3 and the upper part 2 of the plasma separator 2
Air lines 29,30 are connected to each of the next outlets via an air filter 28, and both air lines 29,30 are connected to a single air pump 31. 32.33
is the air clamp installed on each airline 29.30, 3
4 is an intake/exhaust clamp.

Then, a bubble sensor 17 and a pressure sensor 1, which are detection means, are used.
Detection signals from 921 and the level sensor 4 are input to a control section (not shown), and the anticoagulant pump 15, blood pump 16, air pump 31, clamps on each line, and automatic flow rate control means 27 are input to the control section (not shown). It is designed to be controlled by command signals from.

Next, FIG. 2(a) shows a method of controlling the apparatus having the above configuration.

This will be explained based on the flowcharts (b) and (c).

In addition, for one donor, blood collection and blood return are usually repeated several times, and when the amount of plasma collection reaches a certain level, the system switches to blood collection mode and adds physiological saline to the remaining concentrated blood. It is now being returned to the donor.

■ Blood collection mode As shown in FIG. 2(a), it is determined in step S1 whether or not the blood is to be collected after blood return. If the blood is not to be collected after blood return, in step S2, the outer blood feeding clamp 13 and the inner blood feeding clamp 13 are connected to each other. part clamp 18
and drive the blood pump 16 in the blood feeding direction (step S5), and at the same time drive the anticoagulant pump 15 (step S5).
Step S6). In this case, the outer blood return clamp 22, the inner blood return clamp 20, and the saline clamp 24 are kept closed. In the plasma line I2, the plasma clamp 26 is opened (step S3), and the automatic flow 1 control means 27 is put into operation (step S4).

As a result, an anticoagulant is mixed with the blood collected from L.Na, and the blood thus anticoagulated is passed through the outer blood supply line 5, blood line 7, and inner blood supply line 8. It is fed into the lower end inlet of the plasma separator 2. The plasma separated by the plasma separator 2 is transferred to the plasma line 12.
The red blood cell concentrate blood from which the plasma has been separated is sent to the plasma container 25 through the plasma container 25. On the other hand, the red blood cell concentrated blood from which the plasma has been separated is stored in the concentrated blood container 3.

In the plasma line 12, the plasma flow rate is adjusted by the automatic flow rate control means 27 to prevent the plasma flow rate from becoming excessive at the beginning of the blood collection cycle. This prevents the plasma separator 2 from clogging.

In addition, if the blood flow rate to be collected is small depending on the donor and the plasma flow rate is correspondingly low, or if the plasma flow rate decreases in the latter half of the blood collection cycle, the process moves from the step of determining the plasma amount (step S7) to step S8, and the air pump 31
is applied to the upper part of the concentrated blood container 3 through the airline 29.

This increases the internal pressure on the primary side of the plasma separator 2, so
Plasma flow increases and the required plasma flow is ensured.

If you want to collect blood again after returning blood once, step S
t, the process moves to step S9, where the inner blood feeding clamp 18 is closed and the inner blood returning clamp 20 is opened, whereby the blood line 7 is communicated with the outlet of the concentrated blood container 3, and in this state, the blood pump 16 is turned in the blood feeding direction. (step 51)
0). The concentrated blood remaining in the blood line 7 is now returned to the concentrated blood container 3. Then, the distribution route of the concentrated side of the blood line 7 is switched to the plasma separator 2 side.

Therefore, concentrated blood does not flow into the plasma separator 2, and only newly collected blood flows into the plasma separator 2.

■ Blood return mode As shown in FIG. 2(b), in step TI, the outer blood return clamp 22 and the inner blood return clamp 20 are opened, and the inner blood return line 9 and the blood line are connected to the outlet of the concentrated blood container 3. 7 and the outside blood return line 10, and in this state, the blood pump 16 is driven in the blood return direction (step T2). In this case, the inner and outer clamps l 3,1 B and the saline clamp 24 are closed, and the anticoagulant pump 15 is stopped.

The concentrated blood stored in the concentrated blood container 3 is now returned to the donor through the inner blood return line 9, the blood line 7, the outer blood return line 10, and the indwelling needle 1.

If air bubbles are detected by the air bubble sensor 7 during blood return, the process moves from step T3 to step T4, and in response to the detection signal, the blood line 7 is connected to the concentrated blood container 3 via the inner blood return line 9. While communicating with the outlet, the driving direction of the blood pump 16 is switched to drive the blood pump 16 in the blood feeding direction.

Now, the blood containing air bubbles that was being returned flows in the reverse direction through the inner blood return line 9 and is returned to the concentrated blood container 3, and does not flow into the plasma separator 2. Air is removed from the blood returned to the concentrated blood container 3 inside the container 3.

■ Blood collection mode As shown in FIG.
4 and the intake/exhaust clamp 34 (step 01).
Using the difference in liquid level between the concentrated blood container 3 and the saline container 23, the saline is transferred to the saline line 1.
1 to the concentrated blood container 3.

When the required amount of saline is supplied to the concentrated blood container 3 (the determination in step U2 is Yes), the suction/exhaust clamp 34 is closed (step U3), and the inner blood feeding clamp 18 is closed.
and the outer blood return clamp 22 (step u4),
The inner blood supply line 8, the blood line 7, and the outer blood return line lO are communicated with the inlet of the plasma separator 2, and in this state, the blood pump 16 is driven in the blood return direction (step 05).
.

The concentrated blood containing physiological saline in the concentrated blood container 3 will now flow through the plasma separator 2 from top to bottom, and will be returned to the donor through the inner blood supply line 8.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, the number of required pumps can be reduced to two, and the system can be made smaller and lighter.

Furthermore, in the present invention, when air bubbles are included in the returned blood, the air is removed from the concentrated blood container by switching the blood route, thereby eliminating the need for a relatively large chamber as in the past. From this point of view as well, the system can be made smaller and lighter.

In addition, inconveniences associated with reducing the number of pumps, such as insufficient plasma collection volume, clogging or hemolysis in the plasma separator, and increased blood collection time, can be prevented, resulting in more efficient plasma collection. can be carried out without any problems.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 (a) and (b)
)(C) is a flowchart for explaining control operations in each mode of blood collection, blood return, and blood collection, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are configuration diagrams of conventional examples. ■... Indwelling needle, 2... Plasma separator, 3... Concentrated blood container, 5... Outer blood supply line, 6... Anticoagulant line, 7... Blood line, 8...・Inner dairy feed line, 9
...Inner blood return line, IO...Outer blood return line, 11・Saline line, 12・Plasma line, 15
・、. Anticoagulant pump, IO... Blood pump, 17... Air bubble sensor, 27... Automatic flow rate control means.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An indwelling needle placed in the donor's blood vessel, an outer blood supply line connected to the indwelling needle, and an antiblood coagulant line that guides an anticoagulant to the entrance of the outer blood supply line;
An anti-blood coagulant pump installed on this anti-blood coagulant line, a blood line that also serves as a return blood connected to the outside blood sending line, and a blood line that is installed on this blood line and is capable of forward and reverse operation. a blood pump, a plasma separator, and an inner blood supply line extending from the blood line to a lower end inlet of the plasma separator;
a concentrated blood container connected to the upper end outlet of the plasma separator at a position higher than the upper end of the plasma separator; an inner blood return line extending from the outlet of the concentrated blood container to the inner end of the blood line; an outer blood return line leading to the indwelling needle, a physiological saline line leading the physiological saline from a liquid level position higher than the concentrated blood container to the outlet side of the concentrated blood container, and a plasma separator leading plasma to the plasma container. line, and automatic flow rate control means provided on the plasma line, wherein at least the internal and external blood supply lines, the internal and external blood return lines, and the physiological saline line are each provided with a clamp, A plasma collection device characterized in that the blood line outside the blood pump is provided with an air bubble sensor. (2) A method for controlling the plasma collection device according to claim 1, comprising: supplying an anti-blood coagulant to an outer blood supply line by driving an anti-blood coagulant pump during blood collection mode; The blood supply line and the inner blood supply line are connected to the inlet of the plasma separator, and the blood pump is driven in the blood supply direction, while the plasma line has an automatic flow rate so that the plasma flow rate is approximately averaged. The control means is operated to drive the blood pump in the blood return direction by communicating the inner blood return line, the blood line, and the outer blood return line to the outlet of the concentrated blood container in the blood return mode, and in the blood return mode, the blood pump is driven in the blood return direction. If an air bubble is detected by the air bubble sensor, the blood line is communicated with the outlet of the concentrated blood container via the inner blood return line in response to the detection of the air bubble, and the blood in the blood line returns to the concentrated blood container. In this case, the blood pump is driven in the blood feeding direction, and when re-collecting blood after blood return, the blood line is connected to the outlet of the concentrated blood container via the inner blood return line, and the blood pump is driven in the blood feeding direction to collect the blood. After cleaning out the blood in the line, the operation moves to the blood collection mode described above. In the blood collection mode, physiological saline is supplied to the concentrated blood container through the physiological saline line, and then the blood is fed inside to the inlet of the plasma separator. connecting the blood line and the outside blood return line, and driving the blood pump in the blood return direction so that the concentrated blood containing saline in the concentrated blood container flows through the plasma separator from top to bottom; A method of controlling a plasma collection device, characterized in that: