JPH0246006A - Divided power supply type square waveguide line - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To highly efficiently radiate linearly polarized waves also in addition to circularly polarized waves by connecting a divided power supply means to a power supplying aperture, setting up the width of a pair of opposed metallic plates and the height of a peripheral wall to >=1/4 the inner-tube wavelength and specifying the ratio of the width to the height. CONSTITUTION:A pair of metallic plates 1, 2 having >=4lambdag width W and >=4lambdag length le are arranged so as to be mutually separated and opposed and power radiating slots 1a are vertically and horizontally arrayed on one metallic plate 1. The peripheral edge parts of these plates 1, 2 are connected by a metallic peripheral wall 3 whose height (d) is approximate lambdag/4. A terminal resistor 7 is arranged on the terminal side of a square waveguide space S. In the constitution, the phase front of power supply propagated into the space S is converted into an approximate plane and equiphase power radiates through the slots 1a. Since several tens of slots 1a are formed on the metallic plate 1 with sufficiently wide width in both the vertical and horizontal directions, gain can be improved and directivity can be sharpened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a split-feed rectangular waveguide line suitable for use in communication antennas, broadcasting antennas, and the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there has been a circular waveguide such as a coaxial type shown in FIG. 17 as a waveguide, and the feeding power within the waveguide space S' of such a circular waveguide is as shown in FIG. 18. This is a modified TEM coaxial mode expressed in cylindrical coordinates. Note that in the figure, the symbol e indicates the direction of the electric field, and h indicates the direction of the magnetic field. Therefore, since the feeding power spreads concentrically around the central feeding opening 4', power radiation slots 1'a are formed concentrically or spirally in the metal plate 1'.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, the conventional circular waveguide as described above is suitable as a circularly polarized wave antenna, but when radiating linearly polarized waves, the relative slope becomes large when radiating circularly polarized waves, and the gain There are problems such as a decrease in

The present invention attempts to solve these problems, and aims to provide a split-fed rectangular waveguide that can radiate not only circularly polarized waves but also linearly polarized waves with high efficiency. It is said that

[Failure to solve the problem]

Therefore, the split-feed rectangular waveguide of the present invention connects a pair of substantially rectangular metal plates that are spaced apart from each other and facing each other, and a peripheral portion of the same pair of substantially rectangular metal plates. A rectangular shape consisting of a metal peripheral wall that forms a rectangular waveguide space, a power radiation slot formed in one of the pair of metal plates, and a power supply opening provided in the peripheral wall. A waveguide line is provided, and the power supply opening is connected to a dividing power supply means for dividing and supplying the power into the rectangular waveguide space, and the width of the pair of metal plates is set to the channel wavelength. , the height of the peripheral wall is one-fourth or more of the same wavelength, and the ratio of the width to the height is 10:1 or more.

Further, the split feeding type rectangular waveguide of the present invention is characterized in that a terminating resistor is provided on the metal peripheral wall within the rectangular waveguide space.

Further, in the split-feed rectangular waveguide of the present invention, a slow wave means is arranged in the rectangular waveguide space on the metal plate on the side opposite to the metal plate in which the power radiation slot is formed. It is characterized by

Furthermore, in the split feed type rectangular waveguide of the present invention, the metal plate on the side opposite to the metal plate in which the power radiation slot is formed faces the metal peripheral wall from the power supply opening side toward the termination side. It is characterized by being arranged in an inclined or curved manner so as to reduce the height.

Furthermore, the split feed type rectangular waveguide of the present invention connects a pair of substantially rectangular metal plates arranged to face each other and separated from each other, and a peripheral portion of the same pair of substantially rectangular metal plates. A metal peripheral wall that forms a rectangular waveguide space, a power radiation slot formed in one of the pair of metal plates, and a power supply opening provided in the peripheral wall. , the width of the pair of metal plates is at least four times the wavelength in the tube, the height of the peripheral wall is at least one-fourth of the same wavelength, and the ratio of the width to the height is 10=1 or more. It is characterized in that a plurality of rectangular waveguide lines are provided, and a common dividing power feeding means is connected to each power supply opening to divide and feed the power fed into the rectangular waveguide space.

[For production]

In the above-described divided power feeding type rectangular waveguide of the present invention, when power is supplied from the divided supply means to the inside of the rectangular waveguide via the power supply opening, almost the same phase power is radiated through the power radiation slot. be done.

Furthermore, in the split feed type rectangular waveguide of the present invention, the remaining supplied power that has propagated within the rectangular waveguide space and reached the termination is absorbed by the terminating resistor.

Furthermore, in the split-feed rectangular waveguide of the present invention, the phase constant of the power propagating within the rectangular waveguide space is controlled by the slow wave means.

Furthermore, in the split feed type rectangular waveguide of the present invention, the aperture distribution of radiated power is made uniform by decreasing the height of the metal peripheral wall from the power supply aperture side toward the termination side.

Furthermore, in the split feeding type rectangular waveguide of the present invention,
Power is divided and fed to multiple rectangular waveguide lines,
The direction of the main lobe of the waveguide line as a whole is made constant regardless of the frequency of the feeding power.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
1 to 6rgJ show a split-feed rectangular waveguide as the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the main part cut away, and FIG. 2 is the power density of its longitudinal section. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the directivity, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first modification, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the power density of the longitudinal section, and FIG. 6 is the second modification. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a split feeding type rectangular waveguide as a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8a is a perspective view showing a split feeding type rectangular waveguide as a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8b is a perspective view showing a waveguide line as a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8C is a perspective view showing a main part of a split-feed rectangular waveguide line as a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9a is a plan view of the split feeding means of the third modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 9b is a perspective view showing the main part of the divided feeding type square waveguide line. FIG. 9c is a plan view of a modified example of the divided power feeding means, FIG. 9c is a perspective view thereof, FIG. 10a is a perspective view showing an example of connection to the rectangular waveguide line, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the other side of the connection, and FIG.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the directivity, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the main part of a divided feed type rectangular waveguide according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a diagram of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a main part of a divided feed type rectangular waveguide according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention in a cutaway manner. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a split feed type rectangular waveguide line as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a split feed type rectangular waveguide line as a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG.
is 4λ1 or more and the length C1 is 4λ1 or more,
2 are arranged, and power radiation throats t-1a are formed on one metal plate 1 in rows and columns. The height d connecting the peripheral edges of these metal plates 1 and 2 is approximately λ.
A metal peripheral wall 3 that is 1/4 is provided, and a rectangular waveguide space S is formed inside of the rectangular metal plate 1.2 and the metal peripheral wall 3, and one of the peripheral walls is connected to a power source. A supply opening 4 is provided to form a rectangular waveguide line. The power supply opening 4 has a connecting hole (
A perforated waveguide 6 as a power feeding means provided with slits, slots, etc.) 5a is connected. Note that a terminating resistor 7 is disposed on the terminating end side within the rectangular waveguide space S.

With the above-described configuration, power supplied by the perforated waveguide 6 connected to the power supply opening 4 provided in the rectangular waveguide line passes through the connection hole 5a provided in the metal wall 5 to the rectangular waveguide. It propagates into the tube space S. At this time, the phase plane of the feeding power propagated within the rectangular waveguide space S becomes substantially planar. Then, when propagating within the rectangular waveguide space S, power in the same phase is radiated through the power radiation slot la. Furthermore, since a terminating resistor 7 is disposed at the end of the propagation of the feeding power within the rectangular waveguide space S,
The remaining power supplied to the terminating resistor 7 is absorbed. Moreover, since several tens of slots 1a are provided in the sufficiently wide metal plate l in both the vertical and horizontal directions, the gain is increased and the directivity is sharp.

By the way, the power density characteristics of the internal electromagnetic field in the rectangular waveguide space S of the first embodiment are shown in a step-like manner as shown in FIG. This is because the power decreases. Therefore, with this characteristic, since the aperture distribution of the radiated power is not uniform, a phenomenon occurs in which the gain of the antenna decreases.

Therefore, the first model shown in Figure 4 was developed to improve these characteristics.
This is a modified example, in which the metal plate 2 on which the thrower (thrower) la is not formed is inclined linearly or curved in a curved manner so as to reduce the height d of the metal peripheral wall from the power supply opening side to the terminal end side. I'm letting you do it. In this way, the power density characteristic as shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained, and the aperture distribution of the radiated power can be made almost uniform. Therefore, the antenna gain can be improved.

On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since the plane perpendicular to the electric field direction is made sufficiently wider than the free space wavelength λ, the tube wavelength λ1 and the free space wavelength λ become almost equal, the grating lobe becomes large, and as a result, the gain decreases. It ends up. Therefore, the second modification shown in FIG. 6 is an improvement on this point.

As shown in the figure, in the rectangular waveguide space S, a slow wave means 8 using a dielectric material, corrugate, etc. is provided on the metal plate 2. In this way, the phase constant of the power propagating in the rectangular waveguide space S can be controlled, and the guide wavelength λ can be controlled.

can be smaller than the free space wavelength λ. As a result, it becomes possible to suppress grating lobes and also increase the density of slots, making it possible to increase the efficiency of the antenna.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, in this example, the waveguide 6 is configured to be orthogonal to the power supply opening 4. A taber 10 is provided at a portion of the metal wall 5 facing the waveguide 6 as a matching portion for dividing the power generated by the waveguide 6.

The functions and effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment described above.

Next, the third embodiment of the present invention will be explained.
As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the power feeding means is different from the first embodiment described above, and two horn-shaped waveguides 9 are provided as the power feeding means. The configuration of the rectangular waveguide section is the same as that of the first embodiment. Even in this case, the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment can be achieved. Further, it is also possible to connect the power feeding means here to the rectangular waveguide line of each modification of the first embodiment.

Further, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this example, a separation wall 11 is provided at the center of the horn-shaped waveguide 9, as shown in FIG. 8b.

Even in this case, the same operation and effect as in the second embodiment described above can be obtained.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this example, as shown in FIG. 8c, a system is adopted in which power is divided and fed by the waveguide itself. The configuration of the rectangular waveguide section is the first
This is almost the same as the example. Even in this case, substantially the same functions and effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, by connecting the rectangular waveguide line of Modification 1.2 to the power feeding means here, actions corresponding to each modification can be performed, and similar effects can be obtained. .

Next, a third modification (see FIG. 9a) and a fourth modification (see FIG. 9b) of the first embodiment of the present invention will be explained. In these examples, a microstrip line is used as the split power feeding means. The microstrip line is divided one after another from one end 12a to reach individual terminal ends, and as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the slot 13a is provided in the ground conductor plate 13 of the microstrip line. And the ground conductor plate 1
The reflector plate 14 is provided with a distance of about λ/4 from the slot 13a, and is configured so that power is radiated from the slot 13a in one direction.

The divided power supply means configured in this way has the 101st degree 10th
As shown in Figure b, the surface including the slot 13a is connected so as to face the power supply opening provided in the rectangular waveguide section. Note that the configuration of the rectangular waveguide section is almost the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, substantially the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, by connecting the rectangular waveguide lines of the first and second modifications to this power feeding means, actions corresponding to each modification are performed, and similar effects can be obtained. Note that although the slot 131 is used as the radiating element from the microstrip line 12 in this embodiment and the modified example, other radiating elements can also be used.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment described above, when the wavelength (λ1) of the power fed into the rectangular waveguide space S is shorter than the set wavelength (λ.), the power is radiated as shown in FIG. 3(a). The phase of the power radiated from the power radiation slot lb is greater than the phase of the power radiated from the power radiation slot 1a. Since the main lobe P moves by −λ1, as shown in FIG. 3(b), it tilts in the direction a, and conversely, as the wavelength becomes longer, it tilts in the direction b, and as the frequency changes, the directivity changes. However, as in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 11, by connecting two rectangular waveguide lines facing each other, it is possible to
) and (b), even if the frequency of the supplied power changes, the power is divided and supplied from the power supply opening 4.4 to the left and right rectangular waveguide lines, so the left main lobe P1 and The right main lobes P2 are tilted in mutually axially symmetrical directions, and both main lobes Pl.

Main lobe P of the entire antenna created by combining P2
The direction of becomes constant.

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 13, in this example, two rectangular waveguide lines are connected back to back, and a taper 10 is provided as a matching portion for power division by the waveguides. Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the fifth embodiment described above.

Further, by connecting the rectangular waveguide line of the modification of the first embodiment described above to the power feeding means here, it is also possible to obtain functions and effects corresponding to each embodiment.

Next, embodiments 8 to 10 of the present invention will be described. Embodiments 8 to 10 shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 are cases in which the waveguide 6 is arranged orthogonally to the rectangular waveguide line, and a pair of rectangular waveguide lines and the This is an example in which the related structure of the power supply means for the embodiments has been changed in various ways, and members corresponding to those in the respective embodiments described above are designated by the same reference numerals. Although specific explanations of these will be omitted, the same operations and effects as in the above embodiments can be obtained in these examples as well.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to the split-feed rectangular waveguide of the present invention, not only circularly polarized waves but also linearly polarized waves can be radiated with high efficiency by simply providing the power radiation slots in a fixed direction. You can get the desired effect.

In addition to the above effects, the radiation efficiency can be increased by absorbing the remaining power supplied by the terminating resistor.

Furthermore, in addition to the above effects, controlling the phase constant by the slow wave means makes it possible to suppress grating lobes, and further improves radiation efficiency by increasing the density of slots.

Furthermore, in addition to the above effects, by adjusting the height of the metal peripheral wall, it is also possible to obtain the effect of improving the radiation efficiency by making the aperture distribution of the radiation power uniform.

Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the use of a plurality of rectangular waveguide lines also provides the advantage that the direction of the main lobe of the radiated power can be made constant regardless of the frequency of the feeding power.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6 show a split-feed rectangular waveguide as a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a perspective view of the main part cut away, and Figure 2 is the power density of its longitudinal section. A graph showing,
Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of its directivity, Fig. 4 is a perspective view of its first modification, Fig. 5 is a graph showing the power density of its longitudinal section, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of its second modification. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a split feed type rectangular waveguide line as a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8a shows a split feed type rectangular waveguide line as a third embodiment of the present invention. A perspective view, FIG. 8b is a perspective view showing a main part of a divided feeding type rectangular waveguide line as a fourth embodiment of the present invention, with a cutaway view, and FIG. FIG. 9a is a plan view of the divided power feeding means of the third modification in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9b is a perspective view showing the main part of the rectangular waveguide line broken away. FIG. 9b is the division of the fourth modification. A plan view of the power supply means, Figure 9c is a perspective view thereof, Figure 10
Figure a is a perspective view showing an example of the connection to the rectangular waveguide line, Figure Tob is a perspective view showing the other side of the connection to the rectangular waveguide line, and Figure 11 is a sixth embodiment of the present invention. A perspective view showing a main part of a split-feed rectangular waveguide as an example, with the main part cut away, Part 1
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the directivity, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the main part of a divided feed type rectangular waveguide according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the main parts of a split-feed rectangular waveguide line as a ninth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Figure 16 shows the first O of the present invention.
17 and 18 are perspective views showing a split feed type rectangular waveguide as an example, and FIGS. 17 and 18 show a conventional coaxial circular waveguide, FIG. is an explanatory diagram of radio wave propagation in the cylindrical coordinate system. 1.2...Metal plate, 1a...Slot, 3...Peripheral wall, 4
...Power supply opening, 5..Metal wall, 5a..Connection hole,
6...Waveguide, 7...Terminal resistor, 8...Slow wave means, 9
...Horn type waveguide, 10...Taper as a matching part,
11... Separation wall, S... Rectangular waveguide space. Agent Patent Attorney Yoshihiko Iinuma Hideyuki Abe Figure 1 Figure 2 Opening side terminating resistor side for power supply Figure 3 (b) Figure Opening side terminating resistor side for power supply Figure Figure 8b Figure 80C Figure 9b Figure 90 Figure 11 Figure 100 job Figure 12(b) Figure Figure 14 Figure

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) Made of metal that forms a rectangular waveguide space by connecting a pair of substantially rectangular metal plates facing each other and separated from each other, and connecting the peripheral edges of the same pair of substantially rectangular metal plates. a surrounding wall,
A rectangular waveguide line consisting of a power radiation slot formed in either one of the pair of metal plates and a power supply opening provided in the peripheral wall is provided, and the power supply opening is connected to the power radiation slot. A split power feeding means for dividing and feeding power into the rectangular waveguide space is connected, and the width of the pair of metal plates is four times or more the wavelength in the tube, and the height of the peripheral wall is four times the wavelength of the same wavelength. 1. A split feed type rectangular waveguide, characterized in that the ratio of width to height is 10:1 or more. (2) The split feeding type rectangular waveguide according to claim (1), wherein a terminating resistor is provided on the metal peripheral wall in the rectangular waveguide space. (3) In the rectangular waveguide space, a metal plate on the side opposite to the metal plate on which the power radiation slot is formed,
The split feed type rectangular waveguide according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a slow wave means is arranged. (4) The metal plate on the side opposite to the metal plate on which the power radiation slot is formed is inclined or curved so as to reduce the height of the metal peripheral wall from the power supply opening side toward the termination side. The split feeding type rectangular waveguide line according to claim 1, wherein the divided feeding type rectangular waveguide line is arranged as follows. (5) Made of metal that forms a rectangular waveguide space by connecting a pair of substantially rectangular metal plates facing each other and separated from each other, and connecting the peripheral edges of the same pair of substantially rectangular metal plates. a surrounding wall,
Consisting of a power radiation slot formed in either one of the pair of metal plates and a power supply opening provided in the peripheral wall, the width of the pair of metal plates is at least four times the wavelength within the tube. and a plurality of rectangular waveguide lines each having a height of the peripheral wall that is one-fourth or more of the same wavelength and a width to height ratio of 10:1 or more, each for power supply. A divided power feeding type rectangular waveguide, characterized in that a common dividing power feeding means for dividing and feeding power into the rectangular waveguide space is connected to the opening.