JPH0240031B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0240031B2 JPH0240031B2 JP59210279A JP21027984A JPH0240031B2 JP H0240031 B2 JPH0240031 B2 JP H0240031B2 JP 59210279 A JP59210279 A JP 59210279A JP 21027984 A JP21027984 A JP 21027984A JP H0240031 B2 JPH0240031 B2 JP H0240031B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- ceramic
- metal
- sleeve
- joint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001240 Maraging steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はセラミツク軸と金属軸との接合方法に
関し、例えばセラミツク製のターボチヤージヤや
ガスタービンロータ等のセラミツク軸と金属軸と
の接合法に関するものである。
（従来の技術）
従来セラミツク軸と金属軸を接合するにあたつ
ては、第２図に示すようにセラミツク軸１の接続
端をやゝ細くして金属軸２の接続端の管状部内に
焼嵌めするか、第３図に示すようにセラミツク軸
１の接続端を、金属軸２の接続端のやゝ大径に構
成された管状部内に焼嵌めするか、第４図に示す
ようにセラミツク軸１と金属軸２のつき合せ端面
にニツケル等のろう材層によりろう付け３する
か、第５図に示すようにセラミツク軸１の接続端
を金属軸２の接続端のやゝ大径にされた管状部内
に嵌め込むと同時に、セラミツク軸１のつき合せ
端面にニツケル等のろう材によりろう付け３した
構造のものが知られている。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
上記の従来技術において、セラミツク軸と金属
軸との接合部が高温にさらされたときに、焼嵌め
法によるものは金属軸２の管状部が他の部分より
薄肉であるので機械的強度の低下が著るしく、変
形を生ずるおそれがあることと、接合部が焼嵌め
温度に上昇することによつて金属軸端の外径方向
への膨張が著るしいために、セラミツク軸１が金
属軸２から脱離するおそれがあり、又接続端面を
ろう付けした構造のものはろうの酸化により接合
強度の低下が避けられないという問題があつた。
（問題点を解決する手段）
本発明は上記の問題点を解決するために種々検
討の結果なされたもので、セラミツク軸と金属軸
とのつき合せ端面を接合するとともに、この接合
部上に金属スリーブ又はセラミツクスリーブを嵌
挿して接続するようにした接合構造にして、軸と
スリーブの間では少なくも同材質の場合その接触
面が接合されているものである。
（作用）
上記の如く本発明では通常の接続の外にスリー
ブ接続を行なつているので接続部の強度が大で、
高温雰囲気に於てもスリーブの内部の接続部分の
酸化を防ぎ、接合強度を良好に保持することがで
きる。
（実施例）
以下本発明の実施例について説明する。
第１図１は金属スリーブを用いた例で、１はセ
ラミツク軸、２は金属軸、４ａは金属スリーブで
つき合せ端面がろう材等による接合部材５で接合
されるとともに金属軸２の表面と金属スリーブ４
ａの内面とはろう付け３されている。
なおセラミツク軸１と金属軸２とでは熱膨張係
数の差が大きいので、特願昭59−80658により明
らかにしたようにセラミツク材を焼結させた薄板
を単独に又は金属板と複合構造（緩衝板）にした
ものを介在させてろう接することにより高温高振
動下でも接合強度が強く、接合後の残留応力によ
つて接合部付近が割れるのを防ぐことができる。
実施例 １
上記第１図−１の接合構造に於て、下表に示す
条件の試料を作成した。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method of joining a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft, for example, a method of joining a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft of a ceramic turbocharger, gas turbine rotor, or the like. (Prior art) Conventionally, when joining a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting end of the ceramic shaft 1 is shrink-fitted into the tubular portion of the connecting end of the metal shaft 2, which has a slightly larger diameter. Either the mating end surfaces of the shaft 1 and the metal shaft 2 are brazed 3 with a layer of brazing material such as nickel, or the connecting end of the ceramic shaft 1 is made to have a slightly larger diameter than the connecting end of the metal shaft 2, as shown in Fig. 5. A structure is known in which the mating end surface of the ceramic shaft 1 is brazed 3 with a brazing material such as nickel at the same time as the ceramic shaft 1 is fitted into the tubular portion. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned prior art, when the joint between the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft is exposed to high temperature, the tubular part of the metal shaft 2 is connected to other parts by the shrink fitting method. Since the wall is thinner, there is a significant decrease in mechanical strength, which may cause deformation, and when the joint reaches the shrink-fitting temperature, the metal shaft end expands significantly in the outer radial direction. Therefore, there is a risk that the ceramic shaft 1 may come off from the metal shaft 2, and in the case of a structure in which the connecting end faces are brazed, there is a problem that the joint strength inevitably decreases due to oxidation of the solder. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made as a result of various studies to solve the above problems, and includes joining the abutting end surfaces of a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft, and a metal This is a joint structure in which a sleeve or a ceramic sleeve is inserted and connected, and at least the contact surfaces between the shaft and the sleeve are joined when they are made of the same material. (Function) As mentioned above, the present invention uses a sleeve connection in addition to the normal connection, so the strength of the connection part is high.
Even in a high-temperature atmosphere, oxidation of the connecting portion inside the sleeve can be prevented and the joint strength can be maintained well. (Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below. Fig. 1 shows an example using metal sleeves, 1 is a ceramic shaft, 2 is a metal shaft, and 4a is a metal sleeve, the butt ends of which are joined by a joining member 5 made of brazing material or the like, and the surface of the metal shaft 2 is metal sleeve 4
The inner surface of a is brazed 3. Since there is a large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the ceramic shaft 1 and the metal shaft 2, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-80658, a thin plate made of sintered ceramic material can be used alone or in a composite structure (buffering) with a metal plate. By brazing with a plate), the joint strength is strong even under high temperature and high vibration, and it is possible to prevent the vicinity of the joint from cracking due to residual stress after joining. Example 1 Using the bonding structure shown in FIG. 1-1 above, samples were prepared under the conditions shown in the table below.
【表】【table】
【表】
比較例 １
金属スリーブを用いない外は上記実施例と同一
にした試料を作成した。
次に上記の実施例１、比較例１の試料について
接合部をブンゼンバーナー（炎温度1000℃）にて
1Hr加熱したところ実施例１の試料は金属スリー
ブが内部の接合部の酸化を防止し接合部に異常は
見られなかつたが、比較例１の試料は接合部が酸
化してガサガサになつた。
第１図２は両端面にテーパー部を形成した金属
スリーブ４ｂを用いた場合を示し、第１図３はセ
ラミツク軸１の接続端を細い金属軸２の径と一致
するようにテーパー状に細くし、この接続部を包
むようにセラミツク軸１の太い部分と同じ外径の
金属スリーブ４ｃ（内部は接続部の形状に合致さ
せてある）を用いた場合を示し、第１図１と同一
部分には同一符号を付してある。
このような接続構造ではいづれもセラミツク軸
にかかる応力が第１図１の構造のものより少なく
なる効果がある。
第１図４〜第１図１０は本発明をターボチヤー
ジヤに応用した場合の実施例を示す。
即ちこの場合は内燃機関用のターボチヤージヤ
のセラミツク材料からなるタービンロータの軸状
突出部と、圧縮機側のブレードの金属軸とを接合
する部分の構造に関するものである。
第１図４〜第１図１０においてＲはセラミツク
タービンロータ、１ｒはそのセラミツク軸状突出
部、２ｂは圧縮機側のブレードの金属軸で両軸は
端面接合されるほか溝付金属スリーブ４ｄが用い
られている。６は溝付金属スリーブ４ｄのオイル
シーリング溝である。
又、３はろう付け、５は接合部材を示すことは
第１図１と同様である。
第１図４はセラミツク軸状突出部１ｒとブレー
ドの金属軸２ｂとが等しい径となつており両者の
つき合せ端面は接合部材５により接合されるとと
もに、溝付金属スリーブ４ｄがこの接合部の上に
嵌挿され、ブレードの金属軸２ｂの表面と、溝付
金属スリーブ４ｄの内面とはろう付け３されてい
る。
第１図５は、溝付金属スリーブ４ｄがセラミツ
ク軸状突出部１ｒの外部にのみ嵌挿され、ブレー
ドの金属軸２ｂの端面がセラミツク軸状突出部１
ｒと溝付金属スリーブ４ｄとの合計の端面とつき
合わされ、軸相互間では第１図４と同様に接合部
材５によりセラミツク−金属間接合がなされ、
又、スリーブと金属軸間ではろう付け３の如き金
属間接合がなされる。
第１図６は第１図４と殆んど同じであり異なる
ところは溝付金属スリーブ４ｄの内面とセラミツ
ク軸状突出部の表面もろう付け３されていること
である。このため加熱冷却の繰り返しにも極めて
安定な接合構造である。
第１図７は、前記第１図６に比べて溝付金属ス
リーブ４ｄの内面のうちブレードの金属軸２ｂの
表面と接する部分を除いて微細な空〓７を持たせ
るようにしてある点が異なる。これにより冷却時
金属スリーブの締付力がセラミツク側に及ばない
のでセラミツク割れを防止することができる。
第１図８はセラミツク軸状突出部１ｒのブレー
ドの金属軸２ｂとの接触面の中心軸上に断熱空気
層８を設け、且つろう材は緩衝板の上迄被覆され
ろう付けされているため第１図６と同様に加熱冷
却の繰り返しに対し極めて安定な接合構造をも
ち、又断熱層８のため、セラミツクより金属軸に
対して熱が流れ難くなつている。又第１図９はセ
ラミツク軸状突出部１ｒとブレードの金属軸２ｂ
との接合端部における接合部材の外周部におい
て、溝付金属スリーブ４ｄの内面に断熱空気層８
を設けた構造で、その他は第１図４と同様であ
る。
第１図１０はセラミツクタービンロータＲのセ
ラミツク軸状突出部１ｒの端面と圧縮機側のブレ
ードの金属軸２ｂの端面とをろう付け等の接合部
材５で接合した後、つき合せ部の周囲を削り落と
し９した後金属軸２ｂと溝付金属スリーブ４との
接触部３ｂを焼嵌めするか、又は形状記憶合金
（Ni：54〜56重量％、Ｃ：0.03重量％以下、Ti：
残部）製スリーブを図の金属スリーブ４として用
い嵌合したものである。嵌合方法は形状記憶合金
のAf点以上で形状記憶処理させたのち、Ms点以
下で変形させ再びAf点以上に加熱させる。なお
６はオイルシーリング溝である。
前者の構造のスリーブを用いて焼嵌めした場合
は両者の効果を奏し接続強度が大きい。前記に於
て断熱層のある場合は軸間での熱伝導が小さくな
り、セラミツク割れを少なくする効果がある。
本発明の実施例はこれに限られるものではない
が、金属軸と金属スリーブの間はろう付け、溶
接、焼き嵌め接合が適用されるが、セラミツク軸
と金層スリーブの間は、化学的に接合されず金属
スリーブが収縮した際の剪断応力によるセラミツ
ク割れを生じない。
又、実際の接続工程について考えるとセラミツ
ク軸と金属軸を接合した後に金属スリーブを接合
するか、セラミツク軸と金属軸の接合と同時に金
属スリーブを接合するか、金属軸と金属スリーブ
とを接合した後にセラミツク軸を接合する方法が
考えられる。スリーブのシールリング溝の加工は
接合前でも後でもよい。
又、更にセラミツク材質は窒化ケイ素、炭化ケ
イ素等の耐熱セラミツクスが好ましく、又、金属
軸材質は炭素鋼（JIS−S50C等）、合金鋼（JIS−
SCM435）、ステンレス鋼（JIS SUS630）、マル
エージング鋼、インコネル等の耐熱鋼、中空鋼
JIS SKC24、コバール、チタンが好ましい。又、
金属スリーブ材質には上記金属材料のほかタング
ステン、銀、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、銅等の
低膨張あるいは低ヤング率材料及び形状記憶合金
が好ましい。
次に第１図１１はセラミツクスリーブを用いた
例で、１はセラミツク軸、２は金属軸、１４はセ
ラミツクスリーブでつき合せ端面がろう材等によ
る接合部材５により接合され、スリーブ内面と各
軸の表面とはろう付け３されている。
このような構造ではセラミツクスリーブが軸の
接合部を蔽つているので、該部が直接高温に曝さ
れるのを防ぎ、かつ金属軸と、セラミツク軸との
間及びこれらの軸とセラミツクスリーブとの間が
ろう付けにより容易に接合される。
従つて接合部の強度はセラミツクスリーブのな
いものに比べ上がるとともに、セラミツク軸とセ
ラミツクスリーブの膨張係数はほとんど同じであ
るのでセラミツク軸に残る接合後の応力が少な
い。
セラミツク軸と金属軸との端面の接合手段は既
に述べた緩衝層を設ける形式のものが好ましい。
実施例 ２
上記第１図１１の接合構造に於て、下表に示す
条件の試料を作成した。[Table] Comparative Example 1 A sample was prepared that was the same as the above example except that no metal sleeve was used. Next, the joints of the samples of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were heated using a Bunsen burner (flame temperature 1000°C).
When heated for 1 hour, in the sample of Example 1, the metal sleeve prevented oxidation of the internal joint, and no abnormality was observed in the joint, but in the sample of Comparative Example 1, the joint was oxidized and became rough. Fig. 1 2 shows a case in which a metal sleeve 4b with tapered portions formed on both end faces is used, and Fig. 1 3 shows a case in which the connecting end of the ceramic shaft 1 is tapered to match the diameter of the thin metal shaft 2. The case is shown in which a metal sleeve 4c with the same outer diameter as the thick part of the ceramic shaft 1 (the inside matches the shape of the connection part) is used to wrap this connection part. are given the same reference numerals. All of these connection structures have the effect that the stress applied to the ceramic shaft is less than that of the structure shown in FIG. 1 to 10 show embodiments in which the present invention is applied to a turbocharger. That is, this case relates to the structure of a portion of a turbocharger for an internal combustion engine that connects the shaft-like protrusion of a turbine rotor made of ceramic material to the metal shaft of a blade on the compressor side. 14 to 10, R is a ceramic turbine rotor, 1r is its ceramic shaft-shaped protrusion, 2b is a metal shaft of a blade on the compressor side, and both shafts are joined at their end surfaces, and a grooved metal sleeve 4d is attached. It is used. 6 is an oil sealing groove of the grooved metal sleeve 4d. Also, as in FIG. 1, 3 indicates brazing and 5 indicates a joining member. In FIG. 1, the ceramic shaft-like projection 1r and the metal shaft 2b of the blade have the same diameter, and their abutting end surfaces are joined by a joining member 5, and a grooved metal sleeve 4d is attached to this joint. The surface of the metal shaft 2b of the blade and the inner surface of the grooved metal sleeve 4d are brazed 3 to each other. In FIG. 1, the grooved metal sleeve 4d is fitted only on the outside of the ceramic shaft-like protrusion 1r, and the end surface of the metal shaft 2b of the blade is inserted into the ceramic shaft-like protrusion 1r.
r and the grooved metal sleeve 4d, and between the shafts a ceramic-to-metal connection is made by the joining member 5 as in FIG. 1,
Further, metal-to-metal joining such as brazing 3 is performed between the sleeve and the metal shaft. FIG. 16 is almost the same as FIG. 14, and the difference is that the inner surface of the grooved metal sleeve 4d and the surface of the ceramic shaft-like protrusion are also brazed 3. Therefore, the bonded structure is extremely stable even after repeated heating and cooling. In comparison with FIG. 1 6, FIG. 1 7 differs in that the inner surface of the grooved metal sleeve 4d is provided with a fine air hole 7 except for the portion that contacts the surface of the metal shaft 2b of the blade. different. As a result, the clamping force of the metal sleeve does not reach the ceramic side during cooling, so cracking of the ceramic can be prevented. In FIG. 1, a heat insulating air layer 8 is provided on the central axis of the contact surface of the ceramic shaft-like protrusion 1r with the metal shaft 2b of the blade, and the brazing material is coated and brazed to the top of the buffer plate. As in FIG. 1, the bonding structure is extremely stable against repeated heating and cooling, and the heat insulating layer 8 makes it more difficult for heat to flow toward the metal shaft than through ceramic. Further, FIG. 19 shows the ceramic shaft-like protrusion 1r and the metal shaft 2b of the blade.
A heat insulating air layer 8 is formed on the inner surface of the grooved metal sleeve 4d at the outer periphery of the joining member at the joining end with the grooved metal sleeve 4d.
The structure is otherwise the same as that shown in FIG. 1 and 4. FIG. 10 shows that after the end face of the ceramic shaft-like projection 1r of the ceramic turbine rotor R and the end face of the metal shaft 2b of the blade on the compressor side are joined by a joining member 5 such as brazing, the periphery of the abutting portion is After cutting 9, the contact portion 3b between the metal shaft 2b and the grooved metal sleeve 4 is shrink-fitted, or a shape memory alloy (Ni: 54 to 56% by weight, C: 0.03% by weight or less, Ti:
A sleeve manufactured by J.D.) was used as the metal sleeve 4 in the figure and was fitted. The fitting method involves subjecting the shape memory alloy to shape memory treatment above the A f point, deforming it below the Ms point, and heating it again to above the A f point. Note that 6 is an oil sealing groove. When shrink fitting is performed using a sleeve with the former structure, both effects are achieved and the connection strength is high. In the above case, when there is a heat insulating layer, the heat conduction between the shafts is reduced, which has the effect of reducing ceramic cracking. Although the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these, brazing, welding, and shrink-fitting are applied between the metal shaft and the metal sleeve, but the connection between the ceramic shaft and the gold layer sleeve is chemically bonded. Ceramic cracking does not occur due to shear stress when the metal sleeve contracts without being joined. Also, when considering the actual connection process, it is possible to join the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft before joining the metal sleeve, or to join the metal sleeve at the same time as the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft, or to join the metal shaft and the metal sleeve. One possibility is to join the ceramic shaft later. The seal ring groove of the sleeve may be processed before or after joining. Further, the ceramic material is preferably heat-resistant ceramic such as silicon nitride or silicon carbide, and the metal shaft material is carbon steel (JIS-S50C etc.) or alloy steel (JIS-S50C etc.).
SCM435), stainless steel (JIS SUS630), maraging steel, heat-resistant steel such as Inconel, hollow steel
JIS SKC24, Kovar, and titanium are preferred. or,
In addition to the above-mentioned metal materials, the metal sleeve material is preferably a low expansion or low Young's modulus material such as tungsten, silver, zirconium, molybdenum, copper, or a shape memory alloy. Next, FIG. 11 shows an example using ceramic sleeves, 1 is a ceramic shaft, 2 is a metal shaft, and 14 is a ceramic sleeve, the end surfaces of which are joined by a joining member 5 made of brazing material or the like, and the inner surface of the sleeve and each shaft are joined. The surface is brazed3. In such a structure, the ceramic sleeve covers the joint part of the shaft, which prevents this part from being directly exposed to high temperatures and prevents the joint between the metal shaft and the ceramic shaft, and between these shafts and the ceramic sleeve. The gap can be easily joined by brazing. Therefore, the strength of the joint is higher than that without a ceramic sleeve, and since the expansion coefficients of the ceramic shaft and the ceramic sleeve are almost the same, there is less stress remaining on the ceramic shaft after joining. It is preferable that the means for joining the end faces of the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft be of the type in which the buffer layer described above is provided. Example 2 Using the bonding structure shown in FIG. 11 above, samples were prepared under the conditions shown in the table below.
【表】
ろう材：チタン、銀、銅の粉末（250メツシユ
未満、純度99％以上）を、それぞれ15重量％、60
重量％、25重量％の割合で混合し、それにバイン
ダーとしてブチルカルビドール適量、エチルセル
ロース５重量％を添加してアセトンを溶剤として
アルミナポツト中でアルミナ製球石を用いて１時
間湿式で混合してろう材を調整した。
接合すべき面に、上記のペースト状ろう材を厚
さ100μｍ以下に塗布し、所定の温度にてバイン
ダーを除去した後10-6Torrの真空中でろう付け
した。
比較例 ２
セラミツクスリーブを用いない外は実施例２と
同様にて試料を作成した。
次に上記の実施例２、比較例２の試料について
接合部をブンゼンバーナー（炎温度1000℃）にて
1Hr加熱したところ実施例２の試料は異常は見ら
れなかつたが比較例２の試料は接合部が酸化して
ガサガサになつた。
（発明の効果）
本発明はセラミツク軸と金属軸との接合に当り
金属スリーブ又はセラミツクスリーブを用いてい
るので内部の接合部が酸化されるのを防ぎ、接合
部の強度が大となり、特に金属スリーブは軽量で
取扱いし易く、ろう付け等接合手段が簡単で、接
合強度上にも有利である。又セラミツクスリーブ
もセラミツク軸に残る接合後の応力が少ない点で
有利である。[Table] Brazing filler metal: titanium, silver, copper powder (less than 250 mesh, purity 99% or more), 15% by weight and 60% by weight, respectively.
% by weight and 25% by weight, add an appropriate amount of butylcarbidol as a binder and 5% by weight of ethyl cellulose, and wet-mix for 1 hour using an alumina ball in an alumina pot with acetone as a solvent. Adjusted the brazing filler metal. The paste-like brazing material described above was applied to a thickness of 100 μm or less on the surfaces to be joined, and after removing the binder at a predetermined temperature, brazing was performed in a vacuum of 10 −6 Torr. Comparative Example 2 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the ceramic sleeve was not used. Next, the joints of the samples of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 were heated using a Bunsen burner (flame temperature 1000°C).
When heated for 1 hour, no abnormality was observed in the sample of Example 2, but in the sample of Comparative Example 2, the joints were oxidized and became rough. (Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention uses a metal sleeve or a ceramic sleeve to join the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft, the internal joint part is prevented from being oxidized, and the strength of the joint part is increased. The sleeve is lightweight and easy to handle, has simple joining methods such as brazing, and is advantageous in terms of joint strength. Ceramic sleeves are also advantageous in that less stress remains on the ceramic shaft after joining.
第１図１〜１１は本発明による接合構造の実施
例を示す一部縦断面図、第２図〜第５図は従来の
接合構造の実施例を示す一部縦断面図である。
１：セラミツク軸、２：金属軸、３：ろう付
け、４，４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃ：金属スリーブ、５：
接合部材、Ｒ：セラミツクタービンロータ、１
ｒ：セラミツク軸状突出部、２ｂ：ブレードの金
属軸、４ｄ：溝付金属スリーブ、６：オイルシー
リング溝、７：微細な空〓、８：断熱空気層、１
４：セラミツクスリーブ、３ｂ：接触部。
1 to 11 are partial vertical cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of a joint structure according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are partial vertical cross-sectional views showing an example of a conventional joint structure. 1: Ceramic shaft, 2: Metal shaft, 3: Brazing, 4, 4a, 4b, 4c: Metal sleeve, 5:
Joining member, R: Ceramic turbine rotor, 1
r: Ceramic shaft-like protrusion, 2b: Metal shaft of blade, 4d: Grooved metal sleeve, 6: Oil sealing groove, 7: Fine air space, 8: Heat insulating air layer, 1
4: Ceramic sleeve, 3b: Contact part.
Claims (1)
されてなる軸間接合部の上に、金属又はセラミツ
クスリーブが嵌挿され、かつ軸とスリーブ間では
少なくも同じ材質同志の接触面が接合されている
ことを特徴とするセラミツク軸と金属軸の接合構
造。 ２ セラミツク軸と金属軸のつき合せ端面が接合
されてなる軸間接合部の上に、金属スリーブが嵌
挿され、セラミツク軸に対しては金属スリーブの
圧接により、又、金属軸に対しては金属スリーブ
のろう付け、溶接、焼嵌めもしくは圧接により接
合されている特許請求の範囲第１項記載のセラミ
ツク軸と金属軸の接合構造。 ３ セラミツク軸と金属軸つき合せ端面が接合さ
れてなる軸間接合部の上に、セラミツクスリーブ
が嵌挿され、セラミツク軸表面とセラミツクスリ
ーブ内面及び金属軸表面とセラミツクスリーブ内
面とがそれぞれろう付けにより接合されている特
許請求の範囲第１項記載のセラミツク軸と金属軸
の接合構造。[Scope of Claims] 1. A metal or ceramic sleeve is inserted over the shaft-to-shaft joint formed by joining the abutting end surfaces of a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft, and the shaft and the sleeve are made of at least the same material. A joint structure between a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft, characterized by the fact that their contact surfaces are joined. 2. A metal sleeve is fitted over the joint between the shafts, where the mating end surfaces of the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft are joined, and the metal sleeve is pressed against the ceramic shaft, and the metal sleeve is pressed against the metal shaft. A joining structure of a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft are joined by brazing, welding, shrink fitting or pressure welding of a metal sleeve. 3. A ceramic sleeve is fitted onto the inter-shaft joint where the mating end surfaces of the ceramic shaft and the metal shaft are joined, and the ceramic shaft surface and the inner surface of the ceramic sleeve and the metal shaft surface and the inner surface of the ceramic sleeve are bonded together by brazing, respectively. A joint structure in which a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft are joined together as claimed in claim 1.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59210279A JPS6191073A (en) | 1984-10-06 | 1984-10-06 | Structure for bonding ceramic axis and metal axis |
| DE19853535511 DE3535511A1 (en) | 1984-10-06 | 1985-10-04 | Connecting arrangement between a ceramic shaft and a metal shaft |
| US07/045,208 US4991991A (en) | 1984-10-06 | 1987-05-04 | Joint structure between a ceramic shaft and a metallic shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59210279A JPS6191073A (en) | 1984-10-06 | 1984-10-06 | Structure for bonding ceramic axis and metal axis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6191073A JPS6191073A (en) | 1986-05-09 |
| JPH0240031B2 true JPH0240031B2 (en) | 1990-09-10 |
Family
ID=16586759
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59210279A Granted JPS6191073A (en) | 1984-10-06 | 1984-10-06 | Structure for bonding ceramic axis and metal axis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6191073A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03105422U (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-10-31 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63225585A (en) * | 1987-03-14 | 1988-09-20 | 東京工業大学長 | Joined body of ceramics and metal and its joining method |
| JP2752768B2 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1998-05-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Joint structure of turbine rotor |
| JP3069247B2 (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 2000-07-24 | アルプス電気株式会社 | Thermal head |
| US10315279B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2019-06-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hot isostatic pressing system for the assembly of modular components usable in a turbine engine |
-
1984
- 1984-10-06 JP JP59210279A patent/JPS6191073A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03105422U (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-10-31 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6191073A (en) | 1986-05-09 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |