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JPH0240409B2 - CHUKATAZAI - Google Patents

CHUKATAZAI

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Publication number
JPH0240409B2
JPH0240409B2 JP21345986A JP21345986A JPH0240409B2 JP H0240409 B2 JPH0240409 B2 JP H0240409B2 JP 21345986 A JP21345986 A JP 21345986A JP 21345986 A JP21345986 A JP 21345986A JP H0240409 B2 JPH0240409 B2 JP H0240409B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
titanium
mold
casting
magnesia
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP21345986A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6368239A (en
Inventor
Hiroya Ogino
Masami Tamura
Tooru Tomai
Shigehiko Inoe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J Morita Manufaturing Corp
Original Assignee
J Morita Manufaturing Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Morita Manufaturing Corp filed Critical J Morita Manufaturing Corp
Priority to JP21345986A priority Critical patent/JPH0240409B2/en
Publication of JPS6368239A publication Critical patent/JPS6368239A/en
Publication of JPH0240409B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0240409B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明はチタン、ニツケル、コバルト、クロム
等の比較的溶融温度が高い金属やガラス、セラミ
ツクスを鋳造する為の鋳型材に関するものであ
る。 (従来の技術) 従来、歯科用等に用いられる鋳型材としては、
石英やクリストバライトを主成分とし石膏、リン
酸塩を結合材としたものが用いられている。しか
し、これらの鋳型材は、石膏が略800℃以上で、
また、リン酸塩は略1350℃以上で分解し亜硫酸ガ
スや五酸化リンのガスを発生して鋳造物の肌荒
れ、脆化、硬化、変色、鋳造巣等の欠陥を生じ易
い。又、鋳造物として用いられるチタン及びチタ
ン合金などはクリストバライトや石膏とも直接反
応し同様の鋳造欠陥を引き起こす。これらの欠点
を解消する為にマグネシアを主成分とした鋳型材
が発表されつつあり本発明者もカルボン酸塩を含
有した高温安定型鋳型材を先に開発し出願済み
(特願昭61−176478号)である。更に、最近では
マグネシアまたは、ジルコニアに炭酸水素ナトリ
ウムを添加して硬化時間を調整可能としたうえ
で、5〜6%のジルコニウム粉末を加え、埋没材
の焼成時にジルコニウムが酸化膨張することを利
用してチタンの凝固収縮を補償するという優れた
方法が歯科材料器材誌Vol.4.No.4及び同誌Vol.4.
Special.6に発表されている。 しかし、本発明者が開発した先願の鋳造材を使
用した場合でもまだチタンなどの凝固収縮を完全
には補償するものではなく、また前記、文献によ
る新しい鋳型材にも次のような大きな欠点があ
る。すなわち、ジルコニウムは精錬が難しく、し
かも用途が原子力産業に限られておりその価格が
極めて高い。すなわち、ジルコニウムはチタニウ
ムに比べ、約7倍の価格である。又、ジルコニア
はマグネシアに比べ遥かに高価格である。従つ
て、鋳型材の価格も従来の鋳型材の20倍以上とな
つてしまい、生体用材料として非常に優れたチタ
ンの鋳造物をより多くの患者に適正な費用で提供
するのに大きな障害となる。この欠点を回避し鋳
型材の使用量を減らすためのワツクスパターンの
表面を前記埋没材にてコーテイングしその後、従
来の鋳型材中に埋没するという方法もとられては
いる。この方法は歯冠などの場合には、有効であ
るがコーテイングが面倒であり、しかも義歯床に
は適用不可能である。本発明は、上記ジルコニウ
ムよりも低価格の金属を鋳型材に用いることがで
きないかと考え種々の実験を繰り返した結果、マ
グネシアを骨材としたものにチタン粉末を2%程
度添加すると略0.4%膨張することがわかつた。
しかし、これではチタンの凝固収縮1.8%を補償
することきできない。そこで、さらにチタンを、
2%を越え8%まで添加したところ、すべての鋳
型に幅0.5mm以上の大きなクラツクを多数生じ、
特に義歯床のように鋳型が大きい場合には真つ二
つに割れてしまうことも頻発した。これは、チタ
ンが酸化して生じた酸化チタンの異方膨張に起因
するものと推察される。そこで、マグネシアの粒
度分布を変化させてみたがクラツクの発生を解消
することはできなかつた。結局、マグネシアにジ
ルコニウム粉末を加えるという前記文献の方法に
於いて、単にジルコニウム粉末をチタン粉末に代
替させるだけでは鋳型材としての性能は満たされ
ないことが判明した。 そこで本発明者は、種々の実験を繰り返すこと
により、特にマグネシア(MgO)にアルミナ
(Al2O3)を添加して骨材とした鋳型材の場合に
は、多量のチタン粉末を添加しても該鋳型材自体
に著しいクラツクが発生しないことを知見し、本
発明を開発するに至つたものである。 (問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明はアルミナ(Al2O3)と、マグネシア
(MgO)を骨材とし、チタンの微粉末を含有して
なる鋳型材に関する。 (作用) 本発明は、上記鋳型材組成中のアルミナとマグ
ネシアが共存することにより鋳型の焼成時にマグ
ネシアスピネル(MgO.Al2O3)が生じその時に
異常な膨張をすること、チタンとアルミナの共存
により、チタン酸アルミニユーム(TiO2Al2O3
が生じその時に異方膨張することなどにより、チ
タン粉末を多量に添加しても鋳型に大きなクラツ
クを生じず、チタン等の生体用材料の鋳造時の大
きな凝固収縮を補償するものと推察される。ま
た、本発明の鋳型材はチタンを含有しているので
焼成により酸化チタンを生じ、この酸化チタンは
略500℃以上で黄白色を程するので鋳造の際、温
度インジケーターとしても役立つ。 (実施例) 以下、実施例により更に詳細に説明する。まず
本発明に係る鋳型材組成の一例を表1として示
す。
(Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a mold material for casting metals having relatively high melting temperatures such as titanium, nickel, cobalt, and chromium, glass, and ceramics. (Conventional technology) Conventionally, mold materials used for dental purposes, etc.
The main ingredients used are quartz and cristobalite, with gypsum and phosphate as binders. However, these molding materials require gypsum to heat up to approximately 800℃ or higher.
In addition, phosphates decompose at temperatures above about 1350°C and generate sulfur dioxide gas and phosphorus pentoxide gas, which tends to cause defects such as roughening of the surface of the casting, embrittlement, hardening, discoloration, and casting cavities. Furthermore, titanium and titanium alloys used as castings react directly with cristobalite and gypsum, causing similar casting defects. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, molding materials containing magnesia as a main component are being announced, and the present inventor has also developed a high-temperature stable molding material containing carboxylic acid salts and has filed a patent application (Patent Application No. 61-176478). No.). Furthermore, recently, sodium bicarbonate has been added to magnesia or zirconia to make the curing time adjustable, and 5-6% zirconium powder has been added to take advantage of the oxidative expansion of zirconium when the investment material is fired. An excellent method of compensating for solidification shrinkage of titanium is described in Dental Materials and Equipment Journal Vol. 4. No. 4 and Vol. 4 of the same journal.
It was announced in Special.6. However, even when using the casting material of the prior application developed by the present inventor, it still does not completely compensate for the solidification shrinkage of titanium, etc., and the new casting material described in the above-mentioned literature also has the following major drawbacks. There is. That is, zirconium is difficult to refine, its use is limited to the nuclear industry, and its price is extremely high. That is, zirconium is approximately seven times more expensive than titanium. Also, zirconia is much more expensive than magnesia. Therefore, the price of mold material is more than 20 times that of conventional mold material, which is a major obstacle to providing cast titanium, which is an excellent biomaterial, to more patients at a reasonable cost. Become. In order to avoid this drawback and reduce the amount of mold material used, a method has been adopted in which the surface of the wax pattern is coated with the investment material and then the wax pattern is embedded in a conventional mold material. This method is effective in the case of dental crowns, etc., but the coating is troublesome, and moreover, it is not applicable to denture bases. In the present invention, we thought that it would be possible to use a metal cheaper than zirconium for the mold material, and after repeated various experiments, we found that when about 2% titanium powder was added to magnesia aggregate, it expanded by approximately 0.4%. I found out what to do.
However, this cannot compensate for the 1.8% solidification shrinkage of titanium. Therefore, we added titanium,
When adding more than 2% to 8%, many large cracks with a width of 0.5 mm or more were produced in all molds.
Particularly when the mold was large, such as a denture base, it often broke in two. This is presumed to be due to anisotropic expansion of titanium oxide caused by oxidation of titanium. Therefore, attempts were made to change the particle size distribution of magnesia, but the occurrence of cracks could not be resolved. In the end, it was found that simply substituting titanium powder for the zirconium powder in the method described in the above-mentioned document in which zirconium powder is added to magnesia does not satisfy the performance as a molding material. Therefore, by repeating various experiments, the inventor of the present invention found that, especially in the case of molding materials made by adding alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) to magnesia (MgO), it was possible to add a large amount of titanium powder. The present invention was developed based on the finding that no significant cracks occur in the mold material itself. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to a molding material made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesia (MgO) as aggregates and containing fine powder of titanium. (Function) The present invention is characterized by the fact that magnesia spinel (MgO.Al 2 O 3 ) is generated when the mold is fired due to the coexistence of alumina and magnesia in the composition of the mold material, and abnormal expansion occurs at that time; Due to coexistence, aluminum titanate (TiO 2 Al 2 O 3 )
It is presumed that due to the anisotropic expansion that occurs at that time, large cracks do not occur in the mold even when a large amount of titanium powder is added, and that it compensates for the large solidification shrinkage during casting of biomaterials such as titanium. . Furthermore, since the mold material of the present invention contains titanium, titanium oxide is produced by firing, and since this titanium oxide becomes yellowish-white at temperatures above approximately 500°C, it also serves as a temperature indicator during casting. (Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. First, Table 1 shows an example of the mold material composition according to the present invention.

【表】 すなわち、表1の実施例は、マグネシアとアル
ミナを骨材とし、ジルコニアセメントを主成分と
するバインダーを用いるとともに、粉末チタンを
添加含有させて鋳型材を構成したものである。 表2は、上記鋳型材を第1図に示した真空溶解
鋳型装置に適用し、更に第2図に示すクラウン用
金型Mに嵌帽すべきクラウン〔第3図のK〕を図
外のワツクスパターンを用いて上記装置により鋳
造したときの鋳造性能テストの結果を示すもので
ある。 なお、鋳造装置は、その内部に通湯口6を有す
るガイドブツシユ5を貫通させた隔壁17を介し
て少なくともリーク量を10-4・torr/sec以下
となした密壁15で形成された溶解室38と鋳込
室39とを上下に対置してなる気密状の装置本体
を設置し、しかも上記溶解室38内には反射板4
を該溶解室38内壁に沿つて配設し、この反射板
4で包囲された溶解室38内には、鋳造する例え
ばチタン又はチタンを主成分とする合金などの鋳
型材料1のインゴツトもしくは不定形スクラツプ
を収容する傾動可能なルツボ2と、該ルツボ2の
開口部3と略対向して設けたアーク発生装置A
と、上記鋳込室39内の鋳型テーブル10上には
キヤビイテイ7を有する上記鋳型9を載置させる
とともに、外部に不活性ガスボンベ8と、アーク
発生用直流電源33とを備えたものである。 また、鋳造したクラウンKの鋳造性能として
は、第2図の金型Mに対するクラウンK辺縁部の
浮き上り量hを測定することにより、支台歯への
適合性を調べたものである。
[Table] That is, in the example shown in Table 1, the mold material was constructed by using magnesia and alumina as aggregates, using a binder whose main component was zirconia cement, and adding powdered titanium. Table 2 shows that the above mold material is applied to the vacuum melting mold apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and the crown [K in FIG. 3] to be fitted into the crown mold M shown in FIG. This figure shows the results of a casting performance test when the wax pattern was cast using the above apparatus. The casting apparatus has a melting chamber 38 formed of a tight wall 15 that has a leakage rate of at least 10 -4 ·torr/sec or less through a partition wall 17 through which a guide bush 5 having a pouring port 6 is penetrated. An airtight apparatus body is installed in which a casting chamber 39 and a casting chamber 39 are placed vertically opposite each other, and a reflecting plate 4 is installed inside the melting chamber 38.
are arranged along the inner wall of the melting chamber 38, and in the melting chamber 38 surrounded by the reflecting plate 4, an ingot or irregular shape of a mold material 1 such as titanium or an alloy mainly composed of titanium is placed. A tiltable crucible 2 for accommodating scrap, and an arc generator A provided substantially opposite the opening 3 of the crucible 2
The mold 9 having the cavity 7 is placed on the mold table 10 in the casting chamber 39, and an inert gas cylinder 8 and an arc generating DC power source 33 are provided outside. Furthermore, as for the casting performance of the cast crown K, its compatibility with the abutment tooth was investigated by measuring the amount of uplift h of the edge of the crown K with respect to the mold M shown in FIG.

【表】 表2の結果から明らかなように本発明による鋳
型材を用いた場合は、従来のジルコニウムを用い
たものに比べクラウン辺縁部の浮き上り量も小さ
く、且つ大幅な低価格化が図れるので、ワツクス
パターンを埋没する時、コーテイングような面倒
なことをしなくてもそのまま埋没できるし、更に
義歯床も従来、歯科で用いられているのと同じ方
法で鋳造することが可能である。更に支台歯への
適合も実用域に達し、チタンのように優れた生体
親和性を有する金属材料を適正な価格にて患者へ
提供することを可能ならしめるものである。また
金属鋳造時の鋳型の温度は500〜800℃が適当であ
るが、鋳造機に鋳型をセツトしている間に鋳型の
温度が低下しても、鋳型が黄白色を呈していれば
500℃以上にあると判断できるので、実用上、非
常に便利である。 なお、上記マグネシア、アルミナ、チタン微粉
末の含有比率は上述した実施例に限られるもので
はなく、一般的には鋳型の骨材となるマグネシア
を組成中10〜97重量部、アルミナを組成中2〜70
重量部の範囲となし、チタン微粉末を組成中1〜
20重量部の範囲とする。 上記含有比率は、本発明を厳格に定義するもの
ではなく目的に応じて適宜調整すればよいが、こ
の含有比率の上下限境界において、次のような傾
向が表われる。 すなわち、マグネシアを組成中97重量部以上に
すると鋳型に割れを生じ易く、また組成中10重量
部以下とすると焼成時の熱間膨張率が低くなる。 一方、アルミナを組成中70重量部以上にすると
該組成中のチタンとの焼付けがひどくなり、また
組成中2重量部以下にすると鋳型の割れ防止が不
能となる。 更に、チタン微粉末を組成中20重量部以上含有
させると鋳型に割れが生じ易く、また組成中1重
量部以下にすると鋳造物の膨張に寄与できなくな
る。 次に最近開発が進んでいるアパタイト系ガラ
ス・セラミツクスについて述べると、この材料の
場合、鋳造後は鋳型中で熱処理を必要とし、この
際アパタイトはリンを含んでいるため、従来の鋳
型材を使用すると該組成中の石膏やリン酸塩とこ
のリンとが反応し、該鋳型材の肌荒れなどを生じ
させる原因となるが、本発明による鋳型材を使用
すればこのような現象を回避させることができ、
目的とする鋳造物を得ることができる。 (発明の効果) 以上のように、本発明の鋳型材は、アルミナと
マグネシアを骨材とし、チタンの微粉末を含有し
てなるので、チタン等の鋳造材料の鋳造時の凝固
収縮を的確に補償し、高品質な鋳造物の鋳造を可
能とさせる。 また、従来のジルコニウムの価格の約1/7とい
う遥かに低価格のチタンを利用しているので、鋳
型材の価格を従来のものよりも低く抑制すること
ができるとともに、鋳造したチタンの如き優れた
生体親和性を有する鋳造材料を適当な価格で提供
できる利点を有する。
[Table] As is clear from the results in Table 2, when the mold material according to the present invention is used, the amount of lift at the crown edge is smaller than that using conventional zirconium, and the cost is significantly lower. Therefore, when embedding a wax pattern, the wax pattern can be implanted as is without the hassle of coating, and furthermore, the denture base can be cast using the same method conventionally used in dentistry. be. Furthermore, the suitability for abutment teeth has reached a practical level, making it possible to provide metal materials with excellent biocompatibility, such as titanium, to patients at a reasonable price. Also, the appropriate temperature for the mold during metal casting is 500 to 800°C, but even if the temperature of the mold drops while it is being set in the casting machine, if the mold remains yellowish white.
Since it can be determined that the temperature is 500°C or higher, it is very convenient in practice. Note that the content ratios of magnesia, alumina, and fine titanium powder are not limited to the above-mentioned examples; generally, magnesia, which is the aggregate of the mold, is included in the composition in the range of 10 to 97 parts by weight, and alumina is included in the composition as 2 parts by weight. ~70
Parts by weight range, titanium fine powder in the composition: 1~
The amount shall be in the range of 20 parts by weight. The above content ratio does not strictly define the present invention and may be adjusted as appropriate depending on the purpose, but the following tendency appears at the upper and lower limits of this content ratio. That is, if magnesia is included in the composition in an amount of 97 parts by weight or more, cracks tend to occur in the mold, and if the content in the composition is 10 parts by weight or less, the coefficient of hot expansion during firing becomes low. On the other hand, if the alumina content is 70 parts by weight or more in the composition, baking with the titanium in the composition becomes severe, and if the content is less than 2 parts by weight, it becomes impossible to prevent cracking of the mold. Furthermore, if the titanium fine powder is contained in the composition in excess of 20 parts by weight, cracks will easily occur in the mold, and if it is contained in the composition in less than 1 part by weight, it will not be able to contribute to the expansion of the casting. Next, let's talk about apatite-based glasses and ceramics, which have recently been developed.This material requires heat treatment in a mold after casting, and since apatite contains phosphorus, conventional molding materials are used. Then, the phosphorus reacts with the gypsum and phosphate in the composition, causing roughening of the surface of the mold material. However, by using the mold material of the present invention, such phenomena can be avoided. I can,
The desired casting can be obtained. (Effects of the Invention) As described above, since the mold material of the present invention uses alumina and magnesia as aggregates and contains fine titanium powder, it can accurately suppress solidification shrinkage during casting of casting materials such as titanium. compensation and enable the casting of high-quality castings. In addition, since we use titanium, which is much cheaper than conventional zirconium at about 1/7th the price of conventional zirconium, we are able to keep the cost of mold materials lower than conventional ones, and we also use titanium, which has the same quality as cast titanium. It has the advantage of being able to provide biocompatible casting materials at a reasonable price.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明実施例における鋳造材料の真空
溶解装置の一例を示す断面図、第2図は浮き上が
りテスト用のクラウン用金型の形状寸法図、第3
図は浮き上がりテストの説明図である。 (符号の説明)、A……アーク発生装置、K…
…クラウン、M……金型、1……鋳造材料、2…
…ルツボ、3……開口部、4……反熱板、5……
ガイドブツシユ、6……通湯口、7……キヤビテ
イ、8……不活性ガスボンベ、9……鋳型、10
……テーブル、15……密壁、17……隔壁、3
3……アーク発生用直流電源、38……溶解室、
39……鋳込室。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a vacuum melting apparatus for casting materials in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a shape and dimension diagram of a crown mold for a lifting test, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the lifting test. (Explanation of symbols), A... Arc generator, K...
... Crown, M ... Mold, 1 ... Casting material, 2 ...
...Crucible, 3...Opening, 4...Heating plate, 5...
Guide bush, 6...Throughout port, 7...Cavity, 8...Inert gas cylinder, 9...Mold, 10
... table, 15 ... dense wall, 17 ... bulkhead, 3
3... DC power supply for arc generation, 38... Melting chamber,
39...Casting room.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 アルミナ(Al2O3)とマグネシア(MgO)を
骨材とし、チタンの微粉末を含有してなる鋳型
材。
1 A molding material made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesia (MgO) as aggregates and containing fine titanium powder.
JP21345986A 1986-09-09 1986-09-09 CHUKATAZAI Expired - Lifetime JPH0240409B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21345986A JPH0240409B2 (en) 1986-09-09 1986-09-09 CHUKATAZAI

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21345986A JPH0240409B2 (en) 1986-09-09 1986-09-09 CHUKATAZAI

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6368239A JPS6368239A (en) 1988-03-28
JPH0240409B2 true JPH0240409B2 (en) 1990-09-11

Family

ID=16639560

Family Applications (1)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0289536A (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-03-29 Takashi Miyazaki Calcium series molding material and manufacture of mold using same
US5255729A (en) * 1991-11-20 1993-10-26 Cook Arnold J Matched CTE casting for metal matrix composites
US8858697B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2014-10-14 General Electric Company Mold compositions
US8932518B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2015-01-13 General Electric Company Mold and facecoat compositions
US9511417B2 (en) 2013-11-26 2016-12-06 General Electric Company Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys
US10391547B2 (en) 2014-06-04 2019-08-27 General Electric Company Casting mold of grading with silicon carbide

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JPS6368239A (en) 1988-03-28

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