JPH0223791B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an air-conditioning, heating, and water-heating device that is capable of heating, cooling, and supplying hot water by driving a thermal engine.

Conventional air conditioners include, for example, JP-A-56-
As described in Publication No. 960, it consists of a compressor driven by an engine, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expander, and a four-way valve. A prime mover that uses the exchanger as an evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger as a condenser. During heating, the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger as an evaporator, and hot water that cools the engine flows through it. Some cooling system auxiliary heat exchangers are installed near at least one side of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and some air-conditioning/heating water heaters have
As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-30567,
Some were equipped with an air conditioning system equipped with a compressor driven by an engine, and an exhaust heat heat exchanger that uses exhaust heat from the engine as a hot water supply heat source and as an auxiliary heating heat source for the air conditioning system.

However, the former device only uses the exhaust heat of the engine as an auxiliary heat source for heating, defrosting, and dehumidification, and the latter device only uses the exhaust heat of the engine as a heat source for hot water supply, both of which are effective. It was hard to say that it was used. Furthermore, since both systems use a four-way valve for switching between heating and cooling, they have the disadvantage that refrigerant noise is generated due to the difference in pressure between high and low pressure refrigerant during this switching.

The purpose of the present invention is to use engine exhaust heat as an auxiliary heat source for heating, defrosting, dehumidification, and hot water supply, and to use a heat pump refrigerator as a hot water heat source to instantly extract hot water with powerful heating from both heat sources. This makes the heat exchanger for hot water extraction more compact, and by storing heat in an external hot water storage tank, the unit housing the engine and heat pump refrigerator can be made smaller and thinner. An object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning/heating/hot water supply device that enables continuous operation of a compressor by performing switching using a switching valve such as a three-way valve.

In order to achieve the objective, the air conditioning/heating/water supply device according to the present invention includes a refrigerant compressor driven by a thermal engine, and a refrigerant switching valve that switches the refrigerant discharged from the compressor between a cooling hot water supply cycle and a heating cycle. and,
A heat pump type refrigerant circuit having indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, one of which acts as a condenser and the other of which acts as an evaporator during a cooling/heating cycle, and a hot water heat exchanger that acts as a condenser during a hot water supply cycle; A heat exhaust system comprising a moving engine, a water switching valve that switches and introduces high-temperature wastewater from the engine into an indoor heater and a hot water heater, and an outdoor radiator that discharges heat of the high-temperature wastewater outdoors. a water circuit, a heat absorber disposed in a heat exchange relationship with the hot water supply heat exchanger and the hot water heater, and through which city water is heated and distributed; an external hot water storage tank disposed on the city water outlet side of the heat absorber; The outdoor heat exchanger and outdoor radiator are individually cooled with outside air by independent fans.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the configuration of the heat pump refrigerant circuit will be explained. The refrigerant compressed by a compressor 2 driven by a thermal engine 1 such as an engine, which will be described later, reaches a refrigerant switching valve 3 such as a three-way valve, and is connected to an indoor heat exchanger 4 by the switching valve 3. It is branched into a circuit 5 that goes to the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 and a circuit 7 that goes to the hot water supply heat exchanger 6. The circuit 5 heading for the indoor heat exchanger 4 passes through a check valve 8, an expansion valve bypass circuit 10 that does not pass through an expansion valve 9 (described later), passes through the indoor heat exchanger 4, and reaches a three-way valve 11.
A circuit 13 returns to the compressor 2 via the accumulator 12 via the three-way valve 11, and a circuit 17 returns to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 via the check valve 14 and expansion valve 15.
It is branched into.

The circuit 7 headed for the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 passes through the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 and then reaches the three-way valve 18 , which directly connects the outdoor heat exchanger 16 to the three-way valve 18 .
It is branched into a circuit 19 that goes to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 after passing through the check valve 20 and the expansion valve 15. Circuit 1 towards outdoor heat exchanger 16
After passing through the heat exchanger, 9 and 21 are connected to the solenoid valve 2.
2. It is branched into a circuit 23 that returns to the compressor 2 via the accumulator 12 and a circuit 25 that goes to the check valve 24. The circuit 25 that goes to the check valve 24 passes through the check valve and then connects to the three-way valve 26. The three-way valve branches into an expansion valve bypass circuit 10 that goes directly to the indoor heat exchanger 4 and a circuit 27 that goes through the expansion valve 9 and then goes to the indoor heat exchanger 4. The circuits 10 and 27 facing the indoor heat exchanger 4 are connected to the three-way valve 1 described above.
It is connected to the circuit leading to 1. The indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 are equipped with fans 28 and 2.
9 is installed.

Next, the configuration of the exhaust hot water circuit of the thermal engine 1 will be explained. The circulating water sent out from the circulation pump 30 and heated to a high temperature by cooling the thermal engine 1 passes through a thermovalve 31 to a water switching valve 32 such as a three-way valve, and is directed to an indoor heater 33 by the switching valve 32. It is branched into a circuit 34 and a circuit 36 that goes to a hot water heater 35. Circuit 34 towards indoor heater 33
is connected to a circuit that returns to the circulation pump 30 after passing through the heat exchanger, and a circuit 36 that goes to the hot water heater 35 passes through the hot water heater and then returns to the circulation pump via an outdoor radiator 37. 30. The indoor heater 33 is a fan 28
Heat is exchanged between the indoor air and the outdoor air through the fan 38 between the outdoor radiator 37 and the outdoor air.

Next, the hot water supply circuit starts from the city water supply pipe 39, passes through a solenoid valve 40, a heat absorber 41, and reaches an external hot water storage tank 43 via an electric valve 42 that is proportionally controlled by the temperature of the pipe on the outlet side of this heat absorber. A double pipe heat exchanger 44 is formed by a heat absorber 41 disposed on the inside and a hot water supply heat exchanger 6 and a hot water supply heater 35 disposed on the outside. 45 is a faucet for hot water supply.

Next, the operations of the heat pump refrigerant circuit and the hot water exhaust circuit during cooling, heating, hot water supply, hot water storage, dehumidification, and defrosting operations will be explained.

(1) Description of the refrigerant circuit during cooling operation The compressor 2 is driven by the thermal engine 1, and refrigerant is discharged from the compressor. For the refrigerant, use a switching valve 3 such as a three-way valve.
through the hot water heat exchanger 6 in the double pipe heat exchanger 44 (at this time, hot water is not flowing, so it is not condensed), and through the three-way valve 18 into the outdoor heat exchanger 16.
The water enters the water, is condensed, and flows to the check valve 24. The refrigerant that exits the check valve enters the three-way valve 26 and heads toward the expansion valve 9.
The refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 4 and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant, which passes through the three-way valve 11, enters the accumulator 12, flows into the compressor 2, and is sucked. Note that when city water is flowing through the heat absorber 41, the refrigerant is first condensed in the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 and secondarily condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 16, and hot water supply operation is performed at the same time as cooling.

(2) Description of the refrigerant circuit during heating operation The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 passes through the switching valve 3 and enters the check valve 8. The refrigerant that has passed through the check valve flows to the expansion valve bypass circuit 10 and the indoor heat exchanger 4.
Enter. The refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger enters the three-way valve 11 and flows toward the check valve 14 . The refrigerant exiting the check valve is expanded by the expansion valve 15 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 16, where it evaporates, flows to the electromagnetic valve 22, and enters the accumulator 12. The refrigerant that has entered the accumulator is sucked into the compressor 2.

(3) Description of the refrigerant circuit during hot water supply and hot water storage operation The refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the switching valve 3, enters the hot water supply heat exchanger 6 in the double pipe heat exchanger 44, and is condensed. At this time, the water passing through the hot water supply circuit is heated by the heat absorber 41. The condensed refrigerant is transferred to the three-way valve 18.
It then passes through the check valve 20, is expanded by the expansion valve 15, and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 16. The refrigerant that has been evaporated into a low-pressure gas refrigerant in the heat exchanger is sucked into the compressor 2 via the electromagnetic valve 22 and the accumulator 12 .

(4) Explanation of the exhaust hot water circuit during hot water supply and hot water storage operation Circulating water that has reached a high temperature after cooling the thermal engine 1 passes through a thermovalve 31 and enters a switching valve 32 such as a three-way valve for double-pipe heat exchange. The water flows to the hot water heater 35 in the vessel 4. Water passing through this hot water supply circuit is heated by a heat absorber 41. The circulating water heat exchanged with the double pipe heat exchanger 44 passes through the outdoor radiator 37 (at this time, the fan 3
8 is turned off to prevent heat radiation), circulation pump 3
Return to 0.

(5) Explanation of the exhaust hot water circuit during heating operation The circulating water that cools the thermal engine 1 and reaches a high temperature flows from the thermovalve 31 to the indoor heater 33 via the switching valve 32, and releases heat. Return to circulation pump 30.

(6) Explanation of the refrigerant circuit and waste hot water circuit during dehumidification operation The refrigerant circuit is the same circuit as in the above-mentioned (1) during the cooling operation, and the waste hot water circuit is the same circuit as in the above-mentioned (5) during the heating operation. shall be. At this time, the air that has been cooled and dehumidified by the indoor heat exchanger 4 is reheated by the indoor heater 33 and is discharged as dry air at room temperature when passing through.

(7) Description of the refrigerant circuit and exhaust hot water circuit during defrosting operation During heating operation, as the outside temperature decreases, frost buildup phenomenon appears on the outdoor heat exchanger 16.
At this time, the switching valve 3 switches from the heating operation to the cooling operation, and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 acts as a condenser for defrosting. Moreover, since cold air is emitted from the indoor heat exchanger, hot water is circulated through the indoor heater 33 through the switching valve 32 to heat the indoor heat exchanger.

The air conditioning/heating water supply system according to the present invention has the following features: (1) Since a double-pipe heat exchanger is used, an existing external hot water storage tank is sufficient for storing hot water during hot water supply and cooling operations, reducing equipment costs. Also, since there is no need to have a built-in hot water storage tank, the equipment can be made smaller, reducing costs and making maintenance easier.Also, the amount of hot water stored can be adjusted steplessly and the temperature can be changed by changing the thermo valve settings. (2) Since the flow rate of tap water is controlled at a constant level by an electric valve, the refrigeration load during hot water supply is constant; (3) Which circuit is used for cooling, heating, and hot water supply? (4) When hot water is not being supplied, the condensation heat and the heat of the exhaust hot water of the thermal engine are released by the outdoor heat exchanger and outdoor radiator. With the above characteristics (1) to (4), the conventional
It has the following advantages compared to the devices disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 960 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-30567.

(1) Because hot water can be heated instantly using a powerful heat source made from the exhaust heat of the thermal engine and the heat of condensation of the refrigerant, a compact double-tube heat exchanger is sufficient, and the unit housing the heat pump refrigerator and the thermal engine can be compact. , the thickness can be reduced.

(2) Since the outdoor radiator and outdoor heat exchanger are separate systems and have separate fans, the exhaust heat from the thermal engine is not conducted to the outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) during cooling operation. It does not interfere with condensation heat radiation, and the low-temperature air that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) during heating does not pass through the outdoor radiator (at this time, the waste water flows on the indoor side and the outdoor side ), the water does not freeze.

(3) Instead of a four-way valve in the heat pump refrigerant circuit,
Since a switching valve such as a three-way valve (however, two two-way valves may be used instead) is used, no refrigerant noise is generated when switching.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a system diagram showing the configuration of a heat pump type refrigerant circuit, a thermal engine exhaust hot water circuit, and a hot water supply circuit of the air conditioning/heating/hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention. 1...Thermal engine, 2...Compressor, 3...Refrigerant switching valve, 4...Indoor heat exchanger, 6...Hot water supply heat exchanger,
16...Outdoor heat exchanger, 32...Water switching valve, 33
... Indoor heater, 35... Hot water heater, 37... Outdoor radiator, 41... Heat absorber, 43... External hot water storage tank,
44...Double pipe heat exchanger.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A refrigerant compressor driven by a thermal engine;
A refrigerant switching valve that switches the refrigerant discharged from the compressor between a cooling hot water supply cycle and a heating cycle; an indoor and outdoor heat exchanger in which one acts as a condenser and the other acts as an evaporator during the cooling and heating cycle; and a hot water supply cycle. A heat pump type refrigerant circuit having a hot water heat exchanger that sometimes acts as a condenser, the thermal engine, and a water switching valve that switches and introduces high-temperature waste water from the engine to an indoor heater and a hot water heater. and,
A waste hot water circuit having an outdoor radiator that dissipates heat of the high-temperature wastewater outdoors, and a hot water supply circuit arranged in a heat exchange relationship with the hot water supply heat exchanger and the hot water supply heater, so that city water is heated and distributed. It consists of a heat absorber and a hot water supply circuit that has an external hot water storage tank installed on the city water outlet side of the heat absorber. An air-conditioning, heating, and water-heating system designed to provide cooling. 2. The air-conditioning/heating/water supply device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger for hot water supply, the heater for hot water supply, and the heat absorber are each double-pipe heat exchangers.