JPH02234836A - Airconditioner for car cabin - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out the optimum cooling and warming of a coupe in simple and compact constitution and prevent a window glass from dulling by furnishing a radiational cooling/warming panel on the wall surface inside the car, wherein the panel uses a heat source that is a thermoelectrical element working with Peltier effect. CONSTITUTION:In a car, for ex. a bus 1, a radiational cooling/warming panel 4 is installed below a window 3 mating with a seat 2 for passenger. Panel 4 wall also be provided on the undersurface of a rack plate 7 installed over the seat 2. Warm air discharge holes 5 are provided near these panels 4. Each of these panels 4 is provided with a heat transmitting panel 9 on the front surface of a panel frame 8, and on the back face of the heat transmitting panel 9 a thermoelectric element 10 is furnished, which works with Peltier effect for cooling or heating the back panel. The coupe is cooled or warmed through utilization of heat transfer due to radiation between the panels 4 and human body.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an in-vehicle air conditioning system for a bus or a passenger car, etc.
In particular, the present invention relates to an air conditioner that performs heating and cooling using radiation.

(Prior art) Conventionally, in-vehicle air conditioning systems for buses, passenger cars, etc.
Generally known are those that use exhaust heat from the engine or cold or high heat generated in the refrigeration cycle.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, the conventional car air conditioner basically uses air convection to air-condition the car interior, so even though the upper body is overheated, the lower body There were problems such as insufficient heating and excessive cooling.

The present invention has been made with these points in mind, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an in-vehicle air conditioner that can provide sufficient cooling and heating effects without unnecessarily heating or cooling the in-vehicle interior.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an in-vehicle air conditioner that can prevent fogging of door glass during heating and cooling.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) As a means for achieving the above object, the present invention includes installing a radiant heating and cooling panel on the wall inside the vehicle, which uses a thermoelectric element that uses the Beltier effect as a heat source for heat absorption or heating. It is characterized by

In the present invention, it is preferable that the radiant cooling/heating panel is installed on the wall surface of the passenger car door at a position below the door glass, and the warm air outlet of the radiant cooling/heating panel is provided directly below the door glass.

(Function) In the in-vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, a radiant cooling/heating panel is installed on the wall surface of the in-vehicle, and the in-vehicle air conditioning is performed by this panel. This radiant heating and cooling panel uses a heat source element that utilizes the Beltier effect as its heat source, so the panel is thin and can be easily incorporated into a wall.
There is no need for power such as a combrezzar or complicated piping, and it is possible to switch between cooling and heating simply by changing the direction of the current. Furthermore, since heat is transferred between the vehicle and the human body by radiation, a sufficient heating and cooling effect can be obtained without unnecessarily heating or cooling the interior of the vehicle.

In other words, all solid surfaces emit radiant heat in the form of electromagnetic waves that is proportional to the fourth power of their absolute temperature, and between two solid surfaces with different temperatures, heat transfer by radiation is proportional to the temperature difference. arise. Therefore, once a person takes a seat,
Heat is exchanged directly between the radiant heating and cooling panel and the seated person, without going through the air, and you can feel cold or hot air from the panel. Therefore, the heating and cooling effect experienced by humans is improved, and there is no need to unnecessarily heat or cool the interior of the vehicle.

Further, in the present invention, the warm air outlet of the radiant heating and cooling panel is provided at a position directly below the door glass, and warm air is discharged from the warm air outlet during heating and cooling, thereby warming the door glass and preventing fogging.

(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of an in-vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention. In the figures, reference numeral 1 is a bus, and the lower part of each window 3 corresponding to the passenger seat 2 of this bus 1 is The position is
Radiation heating and cooling panels 4 are provided, and warm air discharge ports 5 are provided directly below each window 3 to discharge warm air along the window glass.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a radiant cooling/heating panel 4 is also provided on the inner surface of the boarding door 6 of the bus 1, and a warm air outlet 5 is provided directly below the door glass 6a, similar to the case of the window 3. is provided.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a radiant cooling/heating panel 4 is also provided on the lower surface of the shelf board 7 located above each seat 2, and a window 3 is provided at the outer end of the panel. A warm air discharge port 5 is provided to discharge warm air along the window glass.

The radiant heating and cooling panel 4 has a thickness of 4c, as shown in FIG.
The panel frame 8 is equipped with a panel frame 8 having a diameter of approximately A thermoelectric element 10 utilizing the Beltier effect is disposed over almost the entire area of the back surface of the panel 9 to cool or heat the heat conductive panel 9.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the thermoelectric element 10 is made of, for example, bismuth tellurium alloy (B 1 2 T e 3).
A p-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 11 and an n-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 12 such as
are alternately connected by the front metal piece 13 and the back metal piece 14, and by flowing current from the n-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 12 to the p-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 11,
In the n-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 12, in the opposite direction to the current direction,
Further, in the p-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 11, heat transfer occurs in the forward direction, so that the front side metal piece 13 is cooled and the back side metal piece 14 generates heat. By efficiently dissipating the heat on the high temperature side, the heat is continuously pumped up from the low temperature side to the high temperature side, and the thermoelectric element 10 acts as a heat pump. Further, by flowing the current in the opposite direction, the back side metal piece 14 is cooled and the front side metal piece 13 generates heat, contrary to the above case.

Further, the hot air outlet 5 is filled with air heated by the back side metal piece 14 when the thermoelectric element 10 is used as a heat absorption source, and air heated by the back side metal piece 14 when the thermoelectric element 10 is used as a heat source. Air heated by the pieces 13 is guided and discharged by a fan (not shown). This prevents the glass surface from fogging due to temperature differences inside and outside the bus 1.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When a current is passed from the n-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 12 to the p-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 11, the front metal piece 13 is cooled and the back metal piece 14 generates heat.

Conversely, when a current is passed from the p-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 11 to the n-type thermoelectric semiconductor element 12, the front side metal piece 13 generates heat, and the back side metal piece 14 is cooled. As a result, the heat conductive panel 9 in contact with the front metal piece 13 is cooled or heated.

When the heat conductive panel 9 is cooled or heated, the temperature of the air in the bus 1 that is in contact with the panel 9 decreases or increases, and the interior of the bus 1 is heated or cooled. Further, warm air is discharged from each warm air discharge port 5, and fogging of the glass surface is prevented.

By the way, all solid surfaces emit radiant heat in the form of electromagnetic waves that is proportional to the fourth power of their absolute temperature, and between two solid surfaces with different temperatures, heat transfer by radiation according to the temperature difference occurs. arise. Therefore, when a passenger sits on the seat 2 and approaches the radiant heating/cooling panel 4, heat transfer due to radiation occurs between the heat conductive panel 9 and the human body, and the passenger receives cold or hot air from the heat conductive panel 9. When you touch the heat conductive panel 9, you feel cold or hot.

Here, the view factor is F, the human body effective radiation surface is AcfT,
When the coefficient is 0, the human body surface temperature is Tc1, and the surface temperature of the heat conductive panel 9 is TR, it is expressed as transfer heat. Unlike air conditioning systems using convection, this heat transfer is a direct exchange of heat between the heat conductive panel 9 and the human body without passing through the air.

Therefore, even if the temperature inside the bus 1 is not so low during cooling and not so high during heating, the cooling temperature and heating temperature experienced by the passengers are optimal. Therefore, there are no problems such as the lower body becoming too cold when the air conditioner is being cooled, or the fact that the face is hot but the feet are cold when the heating is being performed.

In the above embodiment, the in-vehicle air conditioning system applied to the bus 1 has been described, but as shown in FIG. Door glass 1 for exit 5
It may also be provided directly below 5a and used as an in-vehicle air conditioning system for a passenger car.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention cools and heats the inside of the car through heat transfer by radiation between the radiant heating and cooling panel and the human body, so that sufficient heating and cooling effects can be achieved without unnecessarily cooling or heating the inside of the car. Obtainable.

In addition, since a thermoelectric element that utilizes the Peltier effect is used as the heat source for the radiant heating and cooling panel, the panel thickness can be made thin, making it possible to easily embed the radiant heating and cooling panel into the wall surface, and even when retrofitting it. There is no risk of making the inside of the car cramped. Also, by simply changing the direction of the current,
You can easily switch between heating and cooling, and the structure is simple.

Further, by providing a radiant heating/cooling panel on the wall of a passenger car door at a position below the door glass and providing a warm air discharge port directly below the door glass, it is possible to prevent the door glass from fogging during heating/cooling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a bus showing an in-vehicle air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 1, and Fig. 3 is a portion showing the configuration of a radiant heating and cooling panel. FIG. 4 is a plan view including a cross section, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the thermoelectric element, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the transfer of heat by the thermoelectric element during cooling, and FIG. 6 is an application of the present invention to the door of a passenger car. It is a perspective view showing an example. 1... Bus, 3... Window, 4... Radiation heating and cooling panel, 5... Warm air discharge port, 6... Getting on/off door, 7... Shelf board, 9... Heat conductive panel, 10...Thermoelectric element, 15
...door, 15a...door glass.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An in-car air conditioning system characterized by installing a radiant heating and cooling panel on the inside wall of the car whose heat source is a thermoelectric element that utilizes the Peltier effect. 2. A claim characterized in that the wall surface inside the vehicle on which the radiant cooling/heating panel is installed is a wall surface located below the door glass of the door of the passenger car, and the warm air outlet of the radiant cooling/heating panel is provided at a position directly below the door glass. The in-vehicle air conditioning system described in 1.